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作者： Alverson, Dale C. Edison, Karen Flournoy, Larry Korte, Brenda Magruder, Charles Miller, Craig Center for Telehealth and Cybermedicine Research University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center 1005 Columbia NE Albuquerque NM 87106 United States Department of Dermatology University of Missouri Columbia MI United States Texas AandM University College Station TX United States National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA United States Federal Health Architecture Program Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Bethesda MD United States

Rapid advances in telehealth development and adoption are increasing the spectrum of information and communication technologies that can be applied not only to individual patient care but more broadly to population health as well. Participants in this breakout session were asked to address, from their diverse perspectives, a series of questions relating to the current and potential uses of telehealth applications and networks for public health and emergency/disaster preparedness and response systems. Participants identified several gaps in current understanding and research emphasis. There is a clear need for more and larger outcome studies to assess the impact and cost benefit of telehealth applications in terms of improving public health at the population and community levels. In addition, more research is needed to demonstrate the ability of telehealth tools and technologies to facilitate and extend the reach of major national clinical and public health research initiatives. Perhaps most importantly, the National Institutes of health should develop and/or strengthen strategic partnerships with other funding agencies with overlapping or complementary interests to accelerate interdisciplinary research in this rapidly evolving but relatively understudied and complex field. © 2010 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.

关键词： Telemedicine

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Probabilistic Genotype-Phenotype Maps Reveal Mutational Robustness of RNA Folding, Spin Glasses, and Quantum Circuits

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Sappington, Anna Mohanty, Vaibhav Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Program for Health Sciences and Technology Harvard Medical School BostonMA02115 United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Harvard/MIT MD-PhD Program Harvard Medical School BostonMA02115 United States Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States

Recent studies of genotype-phenotype (GP) maps have reported universally enhanced phenotypic robustness to genotype mutations, a feature essential to evolution. Virtually all of these studies make a simplifying assumption that each genotype—represented as a sequence—maps deterministically to a single phenotype, such as a discrete structure. Here, we introduce probabilistic genotype-phenotype (PrGP) maps, where each genotype maps to a vector of phenotype probabilities, as a more realistic and universal language for investigating robustness in a variety of physical, biological, and computational systems. We study three model systems to show that PrGP maps offer a generalized framework which can handle uncertainty emerging from various physical sources: (1) thermal fluctuation in RNA folding, (2) external field disorder in spin glass ground state finding, and (3) superposition and entanglement in quantum circuits, which are realized experimentally on IBM quantum computers. In all three cases, we observe a novel biphasic robustness scaling which is enhanced relative to random expectation for more frequent phenotypes and approaches random expectation for less frequent phenotypes. We derive an analytical theory for the behavior of PrGP robustness, and we demonstrate that the theory is highly predictive of empirical robustness. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Quantum computers

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Child Opportunity Index at birth and asthma with recurrent exacerbations in the US ECHO program

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Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2025年

作者： Miller, Rachel L. Schuh, Holly Chandran, Aruna Habre, Rima Angal, Jyoti Aris, Izzuddin M. Aschner, Judy L. Bendixsen, Casper G. Blossom, Jeffrey Bosquet-Enlow, Michelle Breton, Carrie V. Camargo, Carlos A. Carroll, Kecia N. Commodore, Sarah Croen, Lisa A. Dabelea, Dana M. Deoni, Sean C.L. Ferrara, Assiamira Fry, Rebecca C. Ganiban, Jody M. Geiger, Sarah D. Gern, James E. Gilliland, Frank D. Gogcu, Semsa Gold, Diane R. Hare, Marion E. Harte, Robyn N. Hartert, Tina V. Hertz-Picciotto, Irva Hipwell, Alison E. Jackson, Daniel J. Karagas, Margaret K. Khurana Hershey, Gurjit K. Kim, Haejin Litonjua, Augusto A. Marsit, Carmen J. McEvoy, Cynthia T. Mendonça, Eneida A. Moore, Paul E. Nguyen, Anh P. Nkoy, Flory L. Oken, Emily Ownby, Dennis R. Perzanowski, Matthew Rivera-Spoljaric, Katherine Sathyanarayana, Sheela Singh, Anne Marie Stanford, Joseph B. Stroustrup, Annemarie Towe-Goodman, Nissa Wang, Veronica A. Woodruff, Tracey J. Wright, Robert O. Wright, Rosalind J. Zanobetti, Antonella Zoratti, Edward M. Johnson, Christine C. Department of Medicine Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY United States Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health New York NY United States Northwell Health New York NY United States Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore Md United States Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California Los Angeles Calif United States University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine Sioux Falls SD United States Avera Research Institute Sioux Falls SD United States Department of Population Medicine Harvard Medical School Boston Mass United States Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical School Boston Mass United States Department of Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston Mass United States Department of Channing Division of Network Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston Mass United States Department of Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute Boston Mass United States Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Boston Children's Hospital Boston Mass United States Department of Environmental Health Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston Mass United States Center for Discovery and Innovation Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine Nutley NJ United States Albert Einstein College of Medicine Bronx NY United States National Farm Medicine Center Marshfield Clinic Research Institute Marshfield Wis United States Harvard University Center for Geographic Analysis Cambridge Mass United States Medical University of South Carolina Charleston SC United States Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California Oakland Calif United States University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colo United States Colorado School of Public Health Aurora Colo United States Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Seattle Wash United States Department of Pediatrics University of Washington Seattle Wash United States Department of Envir

Background: Environmental exposures and social determinants likely influence specific childhood asthma phenotypes. Objective: We hypothesized that the Child Opportunity Index (COI) at birth, measuring multiple neighborhood opportunities, influences incidence rates (IRs) for asthma with recurrent exacerbations (ARE). Methods: We tested for COI associations with ARE IRs in 15,877 children born between 1990 and 2018 in the ECHO (Environmental Influences on Child health Outcomes) program. Parent-reported race and ethnicity and other demographics were assessed as effect modifiers. Results: The IRs of ARE for children born in very low COI neighborhoods was higher (IR = 10.98;95% CI: 9.71, 12.25) than for other COI categories. Rates for non-Hispanic Black (NHB) children were significantly higher than non-Hispanic White children in every COI category. The ARE IRs for children born in very low COI neighborhoods were several-fold higher for NHB and Hispanic Black children (IR = 15.30;95% CI: 13.10, 17.49;and IR = 18.48;95% CI: 8.80, 28.15, respectively) when compared to White children. Adjusting for individual-level characteristics, children born in very low COI neighborhoods demonstrated an ARE IR ratio of 1.26 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.59) with a higher incidence of cases among children ages 2 to 4 years and with a parental history of asthma. Conclusions: Rates of ARE were higher among children born in under-resourced communities, and this relationship is strongest for young minoritized children with a parental history of asthma. Higher rates for NHB even in the highest COI categories suggest that risk associated with race persists regardless of social disadvantage. © 2025 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology

关键词： Asthma child opportunity index environmental and social determinants of asthma incidence rates recurrent asthma exacerbations

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Reprint-Comprehensive Foot Examination and Risk Assessment: A Report of the Task Force of the Foot Care Interest Group of the American Diabetes Association, With Endorsement by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists

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PHYSICAL THERAPY 2008年第11期88卷 1436-1436页

作者： Boulton, Andrew J. M. Armstrong, David G. Albert, Stephen F. Frykberg, Robert G. Hellman, Richard Kirkman, M. Sue Lavery, Lawrence A. LeMaster, Joseph W. Mills, Joseph L. Mueller, Michael J. Sheehan, Peter Wukich, Dane K. MD FRCP Manchester Diabetes Centre Manchester U.K. Division of Endocrinology Diabetes & Metabolism University of Miami School of Medicine Miami Florida DPM PHD William M. Scholl College of Podiatric Medicine at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science North Chicago Illinois DPM CPED Denver Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Denver Colorado DPM MPH Carl T. Hayden VA Medical Center Phoenix Arizona MD FACP American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists Jacksonville Florida Department of Medicine University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine Kansas City Missouri MD American Diabetes Association Alexandria Virginia DPM MPH Department of Surgery Texas A&M Health Science Center Temple Texas MD MPH Department of Family & Community Medicine University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine Columbia Missouri MD Department of Surgery University of Arizona Health Sciences Center Tucson Arizona PT PHD Program in Physical Therapy and Department of Radiology Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis Missouri MD Department of Medicine Mount Sinai School of Medicine New York New York MD Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Pittsburgh Pennsylvania

The following article is the report of an American Diabetes Association task force that summarizes the recent literature on tests and measures to identify people at risk for foot ulceration and to recommend what should be included in the comprehensive foot exam for adult patients with diabetes. Although this information would be timely and pertinent for physical therapists at any time, its content is particularly complementary to the content of PTJ's Special Issue on Diabetes. This article has been reprinted with permission of the American Diabetes Association from Boulton AJM, Armstrong DG, Albert SF, et al. Comprehensive foot examination and risk assessment: a report of the Task Force of the Foot Care Interest Group of the American Diabetes Association, with endorsement by the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

关键词： REPRINTS (Publications) health risk assessment SCIENTIFIC literature TASK forces ENDOCRINOLOGISTS ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc. FOOT -- Care & hygiene ABSTRACTS

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Hepatitis B surface antigen loss in chronic hepatitis B patients with low-viral-load

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Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (Australia) 2024年第11期39卷 2327-2331页

作者： Jang, Tyng-Yuan Batsaikhan, Batbold Chen, Yo-Chia Dai, Chia-Yen PhD Program of Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan Department of Internal Medicine Pingtung Hospital Ministry of Health and Welfare Ping-Tung Taiwan Department of Internal Medicine Institute of Medical Sciences Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences Ulaanbaatar Mongolia Department of Biological Science and Technology National Pingtung University of Science and Technology Pingtung Taiwan College of Professional Studies National Pingtung University of Science and Technology Pingtung Taiwan Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan

Background and Aim: Among low viral load (DNA of hepatitis B virus (HBV) was 10 IU/mL vs 2.3 log10 IU/mL;P = 0.003), and higher proportion of prior NAs-treated history. Logistic regression analysis revealed ... 详细信息

Background and Aim: Among low viral load (DNA of hepatitis B virus (HBV) was < 2000 IU/mL), the factor of the loss of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) remained elusive. Methods: The retrospective study recruited patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) who were negative low for hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg), had a low viral load, and experienced HBsAg loss during follow-up. CHB patients with low-viral load but without consequent HBsAg loss were also enrolled at the ratio of 1:4. The factors contributing to HBsAg loss were analyzed. Results: A total of 80 patients were recruited for the current study, with a mean age of 63.9 years and 61.3% being male. Among them, 62.5% patients (50/80) were treated with potent nucleoside/nucleotide analogues (NAs) during the follow-up period. Additionally, 12.5% patients (10/80) had a prior history of NAs treatment before enrolment. During the follow-up, HBsAg loss occurred in 17 patients (21.3%). Compared with patients without HBsAg loss, those with HBsAg loss were younger (57.9 years vs 65.5 years;P = 0.01), had lower HBV DNA levels (1.3 log₁₀ IU/mL vs 2.3 log₁₀ IU/mL;P = 0.003), and higher proportion of prior NAs-treated history. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the factors associated with factors associated with HBsAg loss were age < 60 years (OR/CI: 3.95/1.15–13.60, P = 0.03), prior NAs-treated history (OR/CI: 7.59/1.42–40.51, P = 0.01) and current NAs-treated (OR/CI: 0.19/0.05–0.71, P = 0.01). Conclusions: In the study, older age and prior NAs were positively associated with HBsAg loss, and current NAs was negatively associated with HBsAg loss. Additionally, some patients experienced HBsAg loss during the NAs therapy. © 2024 Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Foundation and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.

关键词： HBeAg HBsAg HBV NAs viral load

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Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 antibody detection methods for wild Cervidae

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Preventive Veterinary Medicine 2025年 241卷

作者： Hewitt, Joshua Wilson-Henjum, Grete Chandler, Jeffrey C. Phillips, Aaron T. Diel, Diego G. Walter, W. David Baker, Alec Høy-Petersen, Jennifer Bastille-Rousseau, Guillaume Kishimoto, Tadao Wittemyer, George Alder, Jeremy Hathaway, Sara Manlove, Kezia R. Gallo, Travis Mullinax, Jennifer Coriell, Carson Payne, Matthew Craft, Meggan E. Garwood, Tyler J. Wolf, Tiffany M. Diuk-Wasser, Maria A. VanAcker, Meredith C. Plimpton, Laura Dudley Wilber, Mark Q. Grove, Daniel Kosiewska, Justin Muller, Lisa I. Pepin, Kim M. Department of Wildland Resources and Ecology Center Utah State University 5230 Old Main Hill Logan 84322 UT United States Wildlife Disease Diagnostic Laboratory Wildlife Services Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service United States Department of Agriculture Fort Collins CO United States Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences Animal Health Diagnostic Center College of Veterinary Medicine Cornell University Ithaca NY United States US Geological Survey Pennsylvania Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit The Pennsylvania State University 403 Forest Resources Bldg. University Park 16802 PA United States Pennsylvania Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit The Pennsylvania State University 413 Forest Resources Bldg. University Park 16802 PA United States University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine Philadelphia PA United States Cooperative Wildlife Research Laboratory Southern Illinois University 1263 Lincoln Dr. Carbondale 62901 IL United States Department of Fish Wildlife and Conservation Biollogy Colorado State University 1474 Campus Delivery Fort Collins 80523 CO United States Department of Environmental Sciences and Technology University of Maryland College Park 20742 MD United States Department of Ecology Evolution and Behavior University of Minnesota 340 Ecology 1987 Upper Buford Circle St. Paul 55108 MN United States Department of Veterinary Population Medicine University of Minnesota 1365 Gortner Ave Saint Paul 55108 MN United States Department of Ecology Evolution and Environmental Biology Columbia University New York NY United States Global Health Program Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute Washington DC United States School of Natural Resources University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture Knoxville TN United States National Wildlife Research Center Wildlife Services Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service United States Department of Agriculture For

Wildlife surveillance programs often use serological data to monitor exposure to pathogens. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of a serological assay quantify the true positive and negative rates of the diagnostic assay, respectively. However, an assay's accuracy can be affected by wild animals’ pathogen exposure history and quality of the sample collected, requiring separate estimates of an assay's detection ability for wild-sampled animals where an animal's true disease status is unknown (referred to hereafter as sampling sensitivity and specificity). We assessed the sampling sensitivity and specificity of a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT) and conventional virus neutralization tests (cVNT) to detect antibodies for ancestral and Omicron B.1.1.529 variants of SARS-CoV-2 in wild white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus). We studied the influence of sample collection method using paired blood samples collected in serum separator tubes and on Nobuto strips from the same animal. Mean estimates of sampling sensitivity and specificity ranged from 0.21–0.95 and 0.94–1.00, respectively, varying by sample collection method, host species, and SARS-CoV-2 variant targeted by the assay. Broadly, sampling sensitivity was estimated to be higher for 1) sera collected in tubes, 2) detecting pre-Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants, and 3) sVNT relative to cVNT assays. Sampling specificity tended to be high for all tests. We augmented our study with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein sequences derived from sampling locations and times coincident with white-tailed deer captures, finding common amino acid mutations relative to the sVNT Omicron antigen variant. The mutations may indicate that the SARS-CoV-2 variants circulating in cervids from 2021 through 2024 may be better adapted to cervid hosts and more closely related to variants that circulated in humans prior to Omicron variants. We conc

关键词： Diagnostic testing Latent class statistical methods Nobuto strip Sensitivity Serology Specificity

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MEASUREMENT OF ISOMETRIC FORCE IN CHILDREN WITH AND WITHOUT DUCHENNES MUSCULAR-DYSTROPHY AND INTRARATER RELIABILITY OF MANUAL MUSCLE TEST (MEDICAL-RESEARCH-COUNCIL SCALE) GRADES IN DUCHENNES MUSCULAR-DYSTROPHY - REPLY

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PHYSICAL THERAPY 1992年第2期72卷 124-124页

作者： BRUSSOCK, CM CM Brussock MS PT is Instructor Physical Therapy Program Department of Developmental and Rehabilitative Sciences School of Health Related Professions University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey/Rutgers 401 Haddon Ave Camden NJ 08103-1506 (USA). At the time of completion of the study she was Supervisor Neuromuscular Research Unit New England Medical Center 750 Washington St Boston MA 02111. This study was completed in partial fulfillment of Ms Brussock's Master of Science degree at the MGH Institute of Health Professions. SM Haley PhD PT is Director of Research Medical Rehabilitation Research and Training Center in Rehabilitation and Childhood Trauma New England Medical Center Hospital 75 Kneeland St 5th Fl Boston MA 02111 and Assistant Professor Tufts University School of Medicine 136 Harrison Ave Boston MA 02111. TL Munsat MD is Director Neuromuscular Research Unit New England Medical Center and Professor of Neurology and Pharmacology Tufts University School of Medicine. DB Bernhardt EdD PT was Assistant Professor Department of Health Sciences Sargent College of Allied Health Professions and Director Program in Athletic Training Boston University Boston MA 02215 when the study was completed. She is now in private practice Northern Rockies Athletic Rehabilitation and Training Center Missoula MT 59801.

The purpose of this study was to examine the consistency of measurements of maximal isometric force production in children using an electronic strain gauge. A standardized protocol of force testing from the Tufts Quantitative Neuromuscular Examination was adapted to obtain isometric force measurements in seven muscle groups bilaterally. Ten children with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy (Dmd) and 10 age-matched children without Dmd were recruited for the study. A generalizability framework was used to examine variations in measurements attributable to group differences, test occasions within the same day, and extremity side. Intertester reliability estimates were also completed on a subsample of children with and without Dmd. A three-way analysis of variance between groups, sides, and test occasions demonstrated a significant group main effect for all muscle groups. In general, significant main effects were not present for side or test occasion. Test-retest intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for all muscle groups ranged from .88 to .99 for the children with Dmd and from .85 to .98 for the children without Dmd. Intertester ICCs were slightly lower, ranging from .74 to .97 for the children with Dmd and from .71 to .98 for the children without Dmd. The results indicate that the electronic strain-gauge protocol produces reproducible force measurements in seven selected muscle groups in children with and without Dmd.

关键词： Isometric force Measurement Muscular dystrophy Pediatrics Reliability

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Author Response

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Physical Therapy 2009年第4期89卷 394-395页

作者： George, Steven Z Beneciuk, Jason M Bishop, Mark D SZ George PT PhD is Assistant Professor Department of Physical Therapy Brooks Center for Rehabilitation Studies Center for Pain Research and Behavioral Health University of Florida Gainesville FL 32610-0154 (USA). JM Beneciuk PT DPT FAAOMPT is currently enrolled in the Rehabilitation Sciences Doctoral Program Department of Physical Therapy University of Florida. MD Bishop PT PhD is Assistant Professor Department of Physical Therapy University of Florida.

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Perspectives of Indonesian Muslim patients with advanced lung cancer on good death: A qualitative study

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European Journal of Oncology Nursing 2023年 62卷 102251-102251页

作者： Pribadi, Dimas Ria Angga Shih, Whei-Mei Wu, Guey-Hau Lin, Hung-Ru PhD Program School of Nursing National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences Taipei Taiwan Department of Nursing Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta Jawa Tengah Indonesia Department of Gerontology and Health Care Management Chang Gung University of Science and Technology Taoyuan Taiwan School of Nursing National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences Taipei Taiwan

Purpose: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death. Patients with advanced lung cancer may experience burdensome distress at the end of life. The concept of good death has been shown to be complex, and continues to be expanded by gaining a better understanding of the cultural views of different populations. This study aimed to explore the perspective of Indonesian Muslims patients with advanced cancer on the concept of good death. Method: A qualitative design comprising in-depth interviews was employed. Seven male and 3 female Muslim patients between ages 36 and 68 and diagnosed with advanced lung cancer were recruited from a teaching hospital in Central Java, Indonesia. Results: Content analysis of the interviews revealed five themes: dying without physical discomfort, dying in religious ways and in a desirable place, dying without emotional discomfort, receiving help and support, and having a good relationship with medical staff. Conclusions: Indonesian Muslim patient with advanced lung cancer have unique perspectives on good death, especially based on the themes of religious ways of dying and support from family. health care providers should be aware that good death is not an individual concern and should thus adopt highly sensitive observation skills to assess the physical and emotional state of patients. These providers must also understand their patients’ preferences and respect their needs, regardless of their own beliefs. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Advanced lung cancer Content analysis Good death Indonesian Muslim patients Interview Qualitative

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Agricultural All-Terrain Vehicle Safety: Hazard Control Methods Using the Haddon Matrix

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Journal of Agromedicine 2021年第4期26卷 420-435页

作者： Farzaneh Khorsandi Paul Ayers Gerene Denning Charles Jennissen Dee Jepsen Melvin Myers Stephen Oesch Michael Pate David J. White a Agricultural Safety and Health Engineering Assistant Specialist in Cooperative Extension Defpartment of Biological and Agricultural Engineering University of California Davis b Professor Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science University of Tennessee Knoxville c Emeritus Research Scientist in Emergency Medicine Department of Emergency Medicine University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine d MD Clinical Professor of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine Department of emergency medicine University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine e Associate Professor / State Agricultural Safety Leader Department of Food Agricultural and Biological Engineering agricultural safety and health program The Ohio State University f Associate Professor (Adjunct) Environmental Health Emory University Emory Rollins School of Public Health Atlanta Georgia g Retired highway and motor vehicle safety attorney h Associate Professor Applied Sciences Technology & Education Agricultural Systems Technology and Education program Utah State University i PhD Professor of Social and Behavioral Health Sciences College of Public Health and Human Sciences School of Social and Behavioral Health Sciences and Extension 4-H Youth Development Oregon State University

ABSTRACTABSTRACTAll-terrain vehicle (ATV) crashes are one of the leading causes of death and injury in agriculture across the United States. Use of ATVs is highly prevalent in rural areas and has seen an increase in their application for a variety of agricultural work tasks. Empirical research on the use of these vehicles for agricultural tasks and associated injuries is limited, especially in the United States. Moreover, little is known about the risk factors associated with ATV-related injuries while doing farm work. A comprehensive review was conducted to evaluate the current injury burden of ATV use in agriculture, the need for future research, and possible solutions related to agricultural ATV safety. Potential injury prevention approaches are evaluated based on the hierarchy of control, including elimination or substitution (using side-by-side vehicles instead of ATVs or modifying ATV design), engineering control (operator protection devices), administrative authority (regulations and standards in the United States and around the world), training, and use of personal protective equipment. In addition, vehicle nomenclature, risk factors, and crash mechanisms are reviewed. Recommendations to decrease the likelihood of ATV crashes and injuries are provided.

关键词： Agriculture all-terrain vehicle ATV quad bike safety

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