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A Series of BRAF- and NRAS-Driven Murine Melanoma Cell Lines with Inducible Gene Modulation Capabilities

JID Innovations 2022年第2期2卷 100076-100076页

作者： Bok, Ilah Angarita, Ariana Douglass, Stephen M. Weeraratna, Ashani T. Karreth, Florian A. Department of Molecular Oncology H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute Tampa FL United States Cancer Biology PhD program Department of Cell Biology Microbiology and Molecular Biology College of Arts and Sciences University of South Florida Tampa FL United States Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD United States Department of Oncology The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center Johns Hopkins School of Medicine University Baltimore MD United States

Murine cancer cell lines are powerful research tools to complement studies in genetically engineered mouse models. We have established 21 melanoma cell lines from embryonic stem cell-genetically engineered mouse models driven by alleles that model the most frequent genetic alterations in human melanoma. In addition, these cell lines harbor regulatory alleles for the genomic integration of transgenes and the regulation of expression of such transgenes. In this study, we report a comprehensive characterization of these cell lines. Specifically, we validated melanocytic origin, driver allele recombination and expression, and activation of the oncogenic MAPK and protein kinase B pathways. We further tested tumor formation in syngeneic immunocompetent recipients as well as the functionality of the integrated Tet-ON system and recombination-mediated cassette exchange homing cassette. Finally, by deleting the transcription factor MAFG with an inducible CRISPR/Cas9 approach, we show the utility of the regulatory alleles for candidate gene modulation. These cell lines will be a valuable resource for studying melanoma biology and therapy. © 2021 The Authors

关键词： BCC Braf V600E Cdkn2a Δ/Δ BPP Braf V600E Pten Δ/Δ CHC collagen homing cassette Dox doxycycline ESC embryonic stem cell FBS fetal bovine serum GEMM genetically engineered mouse model NCC Nras Q61R Cdkn2a Δ/Δ NPP Nras Q61R Pten Δ/Δ RMCE recombination-mediated cassette exchange sgRNA single-guide RNA

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CCL5 Protects Cortical Neuron Function by Regulating M2 Microglia Activation After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Tsai, Yih-Jeng Ho, Man-Hau Yen, Chia-Hung Wang, Jia-Yi Burnouf, Thierry Chen, Chia-Yen Wang, Yun Chiang, Yung-Hsiao Hoffer, Barry J. Chou, Szu-Yi Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Shin Kong Wu HoSu Memorial Hospital Taipei Taiwan School of Medicine Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Medical Neuroscience College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University National Health Research Institute Taiwan Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Department of Biological Science and Technology National Pingtung University of Science and Technology Neipu Pingtung91201 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan Department of Neurosurgery Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei11031 Taiwan Neuroscience Research Center Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan NeuroTMULille International Laboratory Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan International PhD Program in Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Brain and Consciousness Research Centre TMU Shuang Ho Hospital New Taipei City Taiwan Center for Neuropsychiatric Research National Health Research Institutes Zhunan Miaoli County Taiwan Department of Surgery School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University 11031 Taiwan Department of Neurosurgery Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine ClevelandOH United States Scientist Emeritus National Institutes of Health United States International Master Program in Medical Neuroscience College of Medical Science and Technology Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan

Cytokines and chemokines play important roles in inflammation and repair following brain injury. M1 microglia are pro-inflammatory which produce cytokines and lead to neural injury;in contrast, M2 microglia are anti-inflammatory, release neurotrophic factors, and promote neural repair processes. Chemokine CCL5, increased after TBI, shows a neuroprotective function by reducing oxidative stress. CCL5 may contribute to the balance between oxidative stress and immune responses after brain injury. Herein, we investigated the role of CCL5 in microglial polarization after mild traumatic brain injury, focusing on the cerebral cortex.C57BL/6 and CCL5 knockout (CCL5-KO) mice were given a mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) using weight-drop. Neurological parameters such as motor and sensory functions were analyzed by mNSS score, accelerating rotarod, beam walking, and adhesive removal tests. Oxidative stress and neuron damage were measured by NADPH oxidase activity, hypoxyloprobe staining and FJC. Performance of motor and sensory functions in both WT and CCL5-KO mice were impaired after brain injury which recovered after 7 days-post-injury (dpi) in the WT group but only after 14 days in the CCL5-KO mouse group. RT-qPCR analysis revealed that pro-inflammation cytokines - IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 were higher in CCL5-KO mice compared to WT mice at 4 and 14 dpi. In contrast, M2-like microglia markers - IL-10 and Agr-1 were increased in WT mouse cortical tissue at 4 dpi. Oxidative stress increased both M1 and M2- related cytokine expression in BV2 cells treated with H 2 O 2;CCL5 treatment increased M2- but suppressed M1- related cytokine gene activation. Intranasal delivery of CCL5 reduced neuronal oxidative stress, increased IL-10 expression and improved motor and sensory functions in CCL5-KO mice after brain *** summary, CCL5, which alters immune responses and protects neurons from TBI damage, has an important function in regulating M2-like microglial polarization during post-

关键词： Polarization

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Top 10 Public health Challenges for 2024: Charting a New Direction for Global health Security

Public Health Challenges

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Public health Challenges 2025年第1期4卷 e70022页

作者： Lucero-Prisno, Don Eliseo Shomuyiwa, Deborah Oluwaseun Kouwenhoven, M.B.N. Dorji, Thinley Adebisi, Yusuff Adebayo Odey, Goodness Ogeyi George, Nsikakabasi Samuel Ajayi, Oluwatomisin Temidayo Ekerin, Olabode Manirambona, Emery Xu, Lin Obnial, Joseph Christian Viola, Adriana Miranda Ogunkola, Isaac Olushola Ahmed, Mohamed Mustaf Ogaya, Jerico B. Huang, Junjie Sium, Abraham Fessehaye Suntay, Marcus Lester R. Chung, William K. De Paz, Pearl Irish V. Elmi, Hassan Sh Abdirahman Hersi, Omar Osman Gabaake, Kebabonye P. Baricaua, Teresita Dirie, Najib Isse Yepes, Prose Ivy G. Wilson, Donald John Tofaeono-Pifeleti, Rossana Tapia, Ederson Delos Trino Wong, Martin CS Department of Global Health and Development London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom Department of Health Promotion and Behavior College of Public Health University of Georgia Athens GA United States Global Health Focus Lagos Nigeria Department of Physics Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou China Department of Internal Medicine Central Regional Referral Hospital Gelephu Bhutan College of Social Sciences University of Glasgow Glasgow United Kingdom Department of Health Policy London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) London United Kingdom School of Medicine and Population Health University of Sheffield Sheffield United Kingdom Institute of Public Health Jagiellonian University Kraków Poland Department of Public Health State AIDS and STIs Control Program Ministry of Health Kaduna Nigeria School of Public Health University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria College of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Rwanda Kigali Rwanda Department of Thoracic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University Zhejiang Hangzhou China National Coalition of Independent Scholars Battleboro VT United States Global Health Focus Asia Bandung Indonesia YouthRise Dublin Ireland Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences SIMAD University Mogadishu Somalia Department of Medical Technology Institute of Health Sciences and Nursing Far Eastern University Manila Philippines The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care Faculty of Medicine Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College Addis Ababa Ethiopia Office of the President World Surgical Foundation Manila Philippines Department of Biology Krieger School of Arts and Sciences Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD United States Research and Development Office Biliran Province State University Naval Biliran Philippines Department of Biology Amo

As we navigate the complex landscape of global public health in 2024, this article provides a comprehensive exploration of challenges, ranging from infectious diseases, mental health, and substance use to environmental sustainability and emerging technologies. The aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic underscores the critical need to strengthen health systems, increase public financing, and foster effective international collaboration. The intricacies of global geopolitics, diplomacy, and public health highlight the importance of countries that do not address shared challenges through enhanced cooperative mechanisms and joint initiatives. From the imperative of global health security to the persistence of non-communicable diseases and health disparities, this study delves into multifaceted issues, advocating for collective action, targeted interventions, and a commitment to prioritizing public health on a global scale. Focusing on addressing root causes and fostering equity, this study emphasizes the role of sustainable practices, community engagement, and intersectionality of research in building a resilient global health landscape. In this dynamic environment, 2024 calls for a unified global vision that encourages nations to collaborate more effectively to build a healthier and more resilient global community, ultimately paving the way for a future characterized by a shared commitment to public health challenges. © 2024 The Author(s). Public health Challenges published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

关键词： artificial intelligence climate fund ethics global health health equity pandemic accord technology

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Circular RMST cooperates with lineage-driving transcription factors to govern neuroendocrine transdifferentiation

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Cancer Cell 2025年第5期43卷 891-904.e10页

作者： Teng, Mona Guo, Jiacheng Xu, Xin Ci, Xinpei Mo, Yulin Kohen, Yakup Ni, Zuyao Chen, Sujun Guo, Wang Yuan Bakht, Martin Ku, Shengyu Sigouros, Michael Luo, Wenqin Macarios, Colette Maya Xia, Ziting Chen, Moliang Ul Haq, Sami Yang, Wen Berlin, Alejandro van der Kwast, Theo Ellis, Leigh Zoubeidi, Amina Zheng, Gang Ming, Jie Wang, Yuzhuo Cui, Haissi Lok, Benjamin H. Raught, Brian Beltran, Himisha Qin, Jun He, Housheng Hansen Department of Medical Biophysics Temerty Faculty of Medicine University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada Princess Margaret Cancer Centre University Health Network Toronto ON Canada Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China Institute of Medical Science Temerty Faculty of Medicine University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada Division of Medical Oncology Dana Farber Cancer Institute Boston MA United States Englander Institute for Precision Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY United States Department of Urology Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China Department of Chemistry University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Center for Prostate Disease Research Murtha Cancer Center Research Program Department of Surgery Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and the Walter Reed National Military Medical Center The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Inc. Bethesda MD United States Vancouver Prostate Centre Vancouver BC Canada Department of Urologic Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada Radiation Medicine Program Princess Margaret Cancer Centre Toronto ON Canada

Circular RNA (circRNA) is a class of noncoding RNA with regulatory potentials. Its role in the transdifferentiation of prostate and lung adenocarcinoma into neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) remains unexplored. Here, we identified circRMST as an exceptionally abundant circRNA predominantly expressed in NEPC and SCLC, with strong conservation between humans and mice. Functional studies using shRNA, siRNA, CRISPR-Cas13, and Cas9 consistently demonstrate that circRMST is essential for tumor growth and the expression of ASCL1, a master regulator of neuroendocrine fate. Genetic knockout of Rmst in NEPC genetic engineered mouse models prevents neuroendocrine transdifferentiation, maintaining tumors in an adenocarcinoma state. Mechanistically, circRMST physically interacts with lineage transcription factors NKX2-1 and SOX2. Loss of circRMST induces NKX2-1 protein degradation through autophagy-lysosomal pathway and alters the genomic binding of SOX2, collectively leading to the loss of ASCL1 transcription. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： circular RNA lineage plasticity neuroedocrine prostate cancer noncoding RNA RNA protein interactions small cell lung cancer transcription factors

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The overlapping burden of the three leading causes of disability and death in sub-Saharan African children

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Nature Communications 2022年第1期13卷 1-14页

作者： Reiner, Robert C. Welgan, Catherine A. Troeger, Christopher E. Baumann, Mathew M. Weiss, Daniel J. Deshpande, Aniruddha Blacker, Brigette F. Miller-Petrie, Molly K. Earl, Lucas Bhatt, Samir Abolhassani, Hassan Abosetugn, Akine Eshete Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Adekanmbi, Victor Adetokunboh, Olatunji O. Aghaali, Mohammad Aji, Budi Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Alhassan, Robert Kaba Ali, Saqib Alizade, Hesam Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Almasi-Hashiani, Amir Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M. Altirkawi, Khalid A. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Amare, Azmeraw T. Amini, Saeed Amugsi, Dickson A. Ancuceanu, Robert Andrei, Catalina Liliana Ansari, Fereshteh Anvari, Davood Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw Arabloo, Jalal Aremu, Olatunde Atout, Maha Moh’d Wahbi Ausloos, Marcel Ausloos, Floriane Ayanore, Martin Amogre Aynalem, Yared Asmare Azene, Zelalem Nigussie Badawi, Alaa Baig, Atif Amin Banach, Maciej Bedi, Neeraj Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhandari, Dinesh Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Bijani, Ali Birhanu, Tesega Tesega Mengistu Bitew, Zebenay Workneh Boloor, Archith Brady, Oliver J. Butt, Zahid A. Car, Josip Carvalho, Felix Casey, Daniel C. Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chowdhury, Mohiuddin Ahsanul Kabir Chu, Dinh-Toi Coelho, Camila H. Cook, Aubrey J. Damiani, Giovanni Daoud, Farah Gela, Jiregna Darega Darwish, Amira Hamed Daryani, Ahmad Das, Jai K. Davis Weaver, Nicole Deribe, Kebede Desalew, Assefa Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda Dianatinasab, Mostafa Diaz, Daniel Djalalinia, Shirin Dorostkar, Fariba Dubljanin, Eleonora Duko, Bereket Dwyer-Lindgren, Laura Effiong, Andem El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa El Tantawi, Maha Enany, Shymaa Fattahi, Nazir Feigin, Valery L. Fernandes, Eduarda Ferrara, Pietro Fischer, Florian Foigt, Nataliya A. Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin Foroutan, Masoud Frostad, Joseph Jon Fukumoto, Takeshi Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji Gebrekrstos, Hailemikael Gebrekidan G. K. Gebremeskel, Leake Gebreslassie, Assefa Ayalew Gething, Peter W. Gezae, Kebede Embaye Ghadiri, Keyghobad Ghashghaee, Ahmad Golechha, Mahaveer Gubar Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Malaria Atlas Project University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Imperial College London London United Kingdom Department of Laboratory Medicine Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Sweden Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Public Health Debre Berhan University Debre Berhan Ethiopia Department of Clinical Sciences University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Population Health Sciences King’s College London London United Kingdom Centre of Excellence for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch South Africa Department of Global Health Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Qom University of Medical Sciences Qom Iran Faculty of Medicine and Public Health Jenderal Soedirman University Purwokerto Indonesia Mayo Evidence-based Practice Center Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Education and Research Rochester MN United States John T. Milliken Department of Internal Medicine Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO United States Clinical Epidemiology Center Department of Veterans Affairs St Louis MO United States Institute of Health Research University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana Department of Information Systems College of Economics and Political Science Sultan Qaboos University Muscat Oman Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences Bandar Abbas Iran Department of Health Policy and Management Kuwait University Safat Kuwait International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding National University of Malaysia Bandar Tun Razak Malaysia Department of Epidemiology Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran Medical Research Center

Despite substantial declines since 2000, lower respiratory infections (LRIs), diarrhoeal diseases, and malaria remain among the leading causes of nonfatal and fatal disease burden for children under 5 years of age (under 5), primarily in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The spatial burden of each of these diseases has been estimated subnationally across SSA, yet no prior analyses have examined the pattern of their combined burden. Here we synthesise subnational estimates of the burden of LRIs, diarrhoea, and malaria in children under-5 from 2000 to 2017 for 43 sub-Saharan countries. Some units faced a relatively equal burden from each of the three diseases, while others had one or two dominant sources of unit-level burden, with no consistent pattern geographically across the entire subcontinent. Using a subnational counterfactual analysis, we show that nearly 300 million DALYs could have been averted since 2000 by raising all units to their national average. Our findings are directly relevant for decision-makers in determining which and targeting where the most appropriate interventions are for increasing child survival. © 2022, The Author(s).

关键词： Biogeography Epidemiology Infectious diseases Malaria

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Correction to: Consolidated health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards 2022 (CHEERS 2022) Statement: Updated Reporting Guidance for health Economic Evaluations

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Applied health economics and health policy 2022年第5期20卷 781-782页

作者： Don Husereau Michael Drummond Federico Augustovski Esther de Bekker-Grob Andrew H Briggs Chris Carswell Lisa Caulley Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk Dan Greenberg Elizabeth Loder Josephine Mauskopf C Daniel Mullins Stavros Petrou Raoh-Fang Pwu Sophie Staniszewska School of Epidemiology and Public Health University of Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada. donh@***. Institute of Health Economics Edmonton AL Canada. donh@***. Centre for Health Economics University of York York UK. Health Technology Assessment and Health Economics Department of the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS-CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina. University of Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina. CONICET (National Scientific and Technical Research Council) Buenos Aires Argentina. Erasmus School of Health Policy and Management Erasmus University Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands. London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London England. Adis Journals Springer Nature Auckland New Zealand. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Ottawa Ottawa ON Canada. Clinical Epidemiology Program and Center for Journalology Ottawa Hospital Research Institute Ottawa ON Canada. Department of Epidemiology Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam Rotterdam The Netherlands. Department of Pharmacotherapy College of Pharmacy University of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA. Department of Health Policy and Management School of Public Health Faculty of Health Sciences Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Be'er-Sheva Israel. Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA. The BMJ London UK. RTI Health Solutions RTI International Research Triangle Park NC USA. School of Pharmacy University of Maryland Baltimore Baltimore MD USA. Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences University of Oxford Oxford UK. National Hepatitis C Program Office Ministry of Health and Welfare Taipei City Taiwan. Warwick Research in Nursing University of Warwick Warwick Medical School Warwick UK.

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AI-driven 3D Spatial Transcriptomics

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Almagro-Pérez, Cristina Song, Andrew H. Weishaupt, Luca Kim, Ahrong Jaume, Guillaume Williamson, Drew F.K. Hemker, Konstantin Lu, Ming Y. Singh, Kritika Chen, Bowen Le, Long Phi Baras, Alexander S. Jiang, Sizun Bashashati, Ali Liu, Jonathan T.C. Mahmood, Faisal Department of Pathology Mass General Brigham Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States Cancer Program Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT CambridgeMA United States Data Science Program Dana-Farber Cancer Institute BostonMA United States Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States Department of Pathology Pusan National University Busan Korea Republic of Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Emory University School of Medicine AtlantaGA United States Department of Computer Science & Technology University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School New BrunswickNJ United States Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins Hospital BaltimoreMD United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins Hospital BaltimoreMD United States Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT CambridgeMA United States Center for Virology and Vaccine Research Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States Department of Pathology Dana Farber Cancer Institute BostonMA United States Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of British Columbia VancouverBC Canada School of Biomedical Engineering University of British Columbia VancouverBC Canada Department of Mechanical Engineering Bioengineering Laboratory Medicine & Pathology University of Washington SeattleWA United States Harvard Data Science Initiative Harvard University CambridgeMA United States

A comprehensive three-dimensional (3D) map of tissue architecture and gene expression is crucial for illuminating the complexity and heterogeneity of tissues across diverse biomedical applications1. However, most spatial transcriptomics (ST) approaches remain limited to two-dimensional (2D) sections of tissue2–4. Although current 3D ST methods hold promise, they typically require extensive tissue sectioning, are complex, are not compatible with non-destructive 3D tissue imaging technologies, and often lack scalability5–8. Here, we present VOlumetrically Resolved Transcriptomics EXpression (VORTEX), an AI framework that leverages 3D tissue morphology and minimal 2D ST to predict volumetric 3D ST. By pretraining on diverse 3D morphology–transcriptomic pairs from heterogeneous tissue samples and then fine-tuning on minimal 2D ST data from a specific volume of interest, VORTEX learns both generic tissue-related and sample-specific morphological correlates of gene expression. This approach enables dense, high-throughput, and fast 3D ST, scaling seamlessly to large tissue volumes far beyond the reach of existing 3D ST techniques. By offering a cost-effective and minimally destructive route to obtaining volumetric molecular insights, we anticipate that VORTEX will accelerate biomarker discovery and our understanding of morphomolecular associations and cell states in complex tissues. Interactive 3D ST volumes can be viewed at https://***/. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Vortex flow

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The Science of Precision Prevention: Research Opportunities and Clinical Applications to Reduce Cardiovascular health Disparities

JACC: Advances

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JACC: Advances 2024年第1期3卷 100759-100759页

作者： Pearson, Thomas A. Vitalis, Debbie Pratt, Charlotte Campo, Rebecca Armoundas, Antonis A. Au, David Beech, Bettina Brazhnik, Olga Chute, Christopher G. Davidson, Karina W. Diez-Roux, Ana V. Fine, Lawrence J. Gabriel, Davera Groenveld, Peter Hall, Jaclyn Hamilton, Alison B. Hu, Hui Ji, Heng Kind, Amy Kraus, William E. Krumholz, Harlan Mensah, George A. Merchant, Raina M. Mozaffarian, Dariush Murray, David M. Neumark-Sztainer, Dianne Petersen, Maya Goff, David College of Medicine and College of Public Health and Health Professions University of Florida Health Science Center Gainesville FL United States Division of Cardiovascular Sciences National Heart Lung and Blood Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD United States Cardiovascular Research Center Massachusetts General Hospital and Broad Institute Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA United States Center of Innovation for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care University of Washington Seattle WA United States UH Population Health University of Houston Houston TX United States Johns Hopkins Medicine Institute for Clinical and Translational Research Baltimore MD United States Institute of Health System Science Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health New Hyde Park NY United States Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research Northwell Health Manhasset NY United States Urban Health Collaborative Drexel Dornsife School of Public Health Philadelphia PA United States Biomedical Informatics and Data Science Section Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD United States Center for Health Care Transformation and Innovation University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia PA United States Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics Institute for Child Health Policy College of Medicine University of Florida Gainesville FL United States Center for the Study of Healthcare Innovation Implementation & Policy VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System Los Angeles CA United States Channing Division of Network Medicine Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA United States Department of Computer Science University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Champaign IL United States Center for Health Disparities Research (CHDR) University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Madison WI United States Duke Molecular Physiology Insti

Precision prevention embraces personalized prevention but includes broader factors such as social determinants of health to improve cardiovascular health. The quality, quantity, precision, and diversity of data relatable to individuals and communities continue to expand. New analytical methods can be applied to these data to create tools to attribute risk, which may allow a better understanding of cardiovascular health disparities. Interventions using these analytic tools should be evaluated to establish feasibility and efficacy for addressing cardiovascular disease disparities in diverse individuals and communities. Training in these approaches is important to create the next generation of scientists and practitioners in precision prevention. This state-of-the-art review is based on a workshop convened to identify current gaps in knowledge and methods used in precision prevention intervention research, discuss opportunities to expand trials of implementation science to close the health equity gaps, and expand the education and training of a diverse precision prevention workforce. © 2023 The Authors

关键词： data science health equity health promotion implementation science personalized medicine precision analytics

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Evaluation of gluten transfer from reused frying oil to food

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Food Control 2025年 178卷

作者： Xingyi Jiang Robert Beverly Jeremiah Kidd Karen Swajian Jane Cluster Qinchun Rao Lauren Jackson US Food and Drug Administration Human Foods Program Office of Applied Microbiology & Technology Division of Food Processing Science & Technology 6502 South Archer Road Bedford Park IL 60501 USA US Food and Drug Administration Human Foods Program Office of Microbiological Food Safety Office of Dairy and Seafood Safety Division of Seafood Safety 5001 Campus Drive College Park College Park MD 20740 USA Department of Health Nutrition and Food Sciences Florida State University 120 Convocation Way Tallahassee FL 32306 USA

This study addressed issues related to allergen and gluten cross-contact resulting from the reuse of frying oil. Specifically, it examined the transfer of gluten from oil used in frying breaded shrimp to gluten-free foods. The objectives were to (1) develop and validate gluten extraction methods from an oil matrix, (2) evaluate the effect of frying on gluten detectability, and (3) quantify gluten accumulation with oil reuse and its transfer to subsequently prepared gluten-free foods. Through the optimization of extraction buffer ingredients, the developed extraction method fully recovered gluten from the oil matrix before frying. However, frying at 180 °C significantly decreased gluten detectability. After a 1-min frying, around 75 % of gluten was recovered. When multiple batches of breaded shrimp were prepared in a batch fryer, the levels of gluten protein detected in the oil increased with the number of fried batches. Those proteins were transferred to subsequently prepared gluten-free foods (French fries, tater tots and chicken breast bites), resulting in levels that exceed the 20 μg/g threshold for “gluten-free” labeling. In conclusion, this study developed an effective extraction method to recover gluten proteins from frying oil and demonstrated the potential cross-contact risk associated with reused oil. These findings highlight the need for oil treatment strategies to mitigate protein cross-contact.

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Impact of bilirubin molecular species on mortality in patients with acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF).

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Annals of Hepatology 2025年 30卷 101883-101883页

作者： Castañeda-Castillo, Stephany M. Cordova-Gallardo, Jacqueline Rivera-Espinosa, Liliana Chavez-Pacheco, Juan L. Ramírez-Mejía, Mariana M. Méndez-Sánchez, Nahum Liver Research Unit Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation Mexico City Mexico City Mexico Medical Dental and Health Sciences Master and Doctorate Program National Autonomous University of Mexico Department of Hepatology General Hospital Dr. Manuel Gea González Mexico Faculty of Medicine National Autonomous University of Mexico Pharmacology Department National Institute of Pediatrics Mexico Plan of Combined Studies in Medicine (PECEM-MD/PhD) Faculty of Medicine National Autonomous University of Mexico

Introduction and ObjectivesAcute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) represents a serious and potentially life-threatening complication in patients with chronic liver disease. This condition is characterized by a rapid deterioration of liver function in patients with pre-existing chronic liver disease. Among the numerous biomarkers used to assess the severity and prognosis of ACLF, serum bilirubin has emerged as a key indicator of liver dysfunction and clinical deterioration. This study aims to analyze the performance of molecular bilirubin species, such as unconjugated (UCB), monoglucuronide (BMG) and diglucuronide bilirubin (BDG), and their impact on mortality in individuals with ACLF. Materials and PatientsThe study included 45 patients with ACLF of various etiologies. The diagnosis was made using the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL-CLIF) consortium definition. Clinical and laboratory data were collected to determine severity and assess mortality during the 90 days following enrollment. Bilirubin was extracted from serum samples to measure UCB, BMG, and BDG by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The quantification of bilirubin was performed by monitoring the mass charge (m/z) ratio. ResultsOf the 45 patients, 40% (n=18) were categorized as ACLF grade 1, 35.5% (n=16) as ACLF grade 2, and 17.7% (n=8) as ACLF grade 3. Regarding the molecular species of bilirubin, it was observed that the values of UCB, BMG, and BDG increased according to the severity of ACLF, specifically those of BMG (p=0.019). Additionally, it was observed that individuals who died had higher levels of BDG (4.49 vs. 1.17), BMG (64.30 vs. 28.57), and UCB (21.92 vs. 16.99) with respect to individuals who remained alive. ConclusionsIn conclusion, our findings reveal an association between BDG, BMG and UCB levels and ACLF severity, suggesting that the suggest that molecular bilirubin species could be useful as prognostic markers in patients with ACLF. However, further st

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