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arXiv 2020年

作者： Li, Moran Gao, Yuan Sang, Nong Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Tencent AI Lab United States

In this paper, we propose to estimate 3D hand pose by recovering the 3D coordinates of joints in a group-wise manner, where less-related joints are automatically categorized into different groups and exhibit different features. This is different from the previous methods where all the joints are considered holistically and share the same feature. The benefits of our method are illustrated by the principle of multi-task learning (MTL), i.e., by separating less-related joints into different groups (as different tasks), our method learns different features for each of them, therefore efficiently avoids the negative transfer (among less related tasks/groups of joints). The key of our method is a novel binary selector that automatically selects related joints into the same group. We implement such a selector with binary values stochastically sampled from a Concrete distribution, which is constructed using Gumbel softmax on trainable parameters. This enables us to preserve the differentiable property of the whole network. We further exploit features from those less-related groups by carrying out an additional feature fusing scheme among them, to learn more discriminative features. This is realized by implementing multiple 1x1 convolutions on the concatenated features, where each joint group contains a unique 1x1 convolution for feature fusion. The detailed ablation analysis and the extensive experiments on several benchmark datasets demonstrate the promising performance of the proposed method over the state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods. Besides, our method achieves top-1 among all the methods that do not exploit the dense 3D shape labels on the most recently released FreiHAND competition at the submission date. The source code and models are available at https://***/moranli-aca/LearnableGroups-Hand. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convolution

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Research on Public Opinion Guidance Strategy based on Interaction Constraints

Research on Public Opinion Guidance Strategy based on Intera...

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IEEE Information Technology and Mechatronics Engineering Conference (ITOEC)

作者： Yuanyuan Xu Zhan Wu Xi Chen School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Image Processing and Intelligent Control Key Laboratory of the Education Ministry of China Wuhan China

ISBN: (数字)9781728143231

ISBN: (纸本)9781728143248

The dissemination of public opinion has a considerable impact on people's social lives, and the question of how both the government and the media can correctly guide public opinion and restore social stability is an issue that requires urgent attention. Combining the characteristics of public opinion dissemination in the network society leads to individual interaction. Considering the interaction between individual views and network topology, this paper combines the collaborative network model with the distance-constrained Hegselmann-Krause (HK) model to propose a consensus-guided strategy based on interaction constraints. It does this by changing the network topology and limiting the scope of individual interactions, thereby affecting the spread of public opinion. Based on the small-world network, the collaborative network model introduces the two parameters of Connection edge probability p and broken edge probability q, while also proposing a collaborative network model for Connection edge's breaking of the network based on the difference of individual opinion values. This paper designs simulation experiments by changing p, q, and the interaction distance, while also analyzing the results of public opinion's evolution from the perspectives of timeliness and the diversity of viewpoints. The experimental results show that when individuals are restricted from interacting with the surrounding environment and the scope of interaction between individuals is restricted, this will slow down the evolution of public opinion and increase the number of opinion clusters. By contrast, when it is encouraged, the interaction between individuals and the surrounding environment will make the entire system communicate more effectively within a short period of time, promoting the evolutionary benefits of public opinion considerably, shortening the convergence time of public opinion evolution to reach a steady state, and reducing the number of opinion clusters. The strategy is consist

关键词： Network topology Collaborative work Social network services Economics Government Bridges Media

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Federated Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach via Physics-Informed Reward for Multi-Microgrid Energy Management

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Li, Yuanzheng He, Shangyang Li, Yang Shi, Yang Zeng, Zhigang School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Key Laboratory on Image Information Processing and Intelligent Control of Ministry of Education Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China China-Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Measurement and Control Technology Wuhan430074 China China-EU Institute for Clean and Renewable Energy Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China School of Electrical Engineering Northeast Electric Power University Jilin132012 China The Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Victoria VictoriaBC V8P 5C2 Canada

The utilization of large-scale distributed renewable energy promotes the development of the multi-microgrid (MMG), which raises the need of developing an effective energy management method to minimize economic costs and keep self energy-sufficiency. The multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (MADRL) has been widely used for the energy management problem because of its real-time scheduling ability. However, its training requires massive energy operation data of microgrids (MGs), while gathering these data from different MGs would threaten their privacy and data security. Therefore, this paper tackles this practical yet challenging issue by proposing a federated multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (F-MADRL) algorithm via the physics-informed reward. In this algorithm, the federated learning (FL) mechanism is introduced to train the F-MADRL algorithm thus ensures the privacy and the security of data. In addition, a decentralized MMG model is built, and the energy of each participated MG is managed by an agent, which aims to minimize economic costs and keep self energy-sufficiency according to the physics-informed reward. At first, MGs individually execute the self-training based on local energy operation data to train their local agent models. Then, these local models are periodically uploaded to a server and their parameters are aggregated to build a global agent, which will be broadcasted to MGs and replace their local agents. In this way, the experience of each MG agent can be shared and the energy operation data is not explicitly transmitted, thus protecting the privacy and ensuring data security. Finally, experiments are conducted on Oak Ridge national laboratory distributed energy control communication lab microgrid (ORNL-MG) test system, and the comparisons are carried out to verify the effectiveness of introducing the FL mechanism and the outperformance of our proposed F-MADRL. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Temperature measurement based on electron spin resonance of magnetic nanoparticles

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Wang, Shuai Zhong, Jing Liu, Wenzhong School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Measurement and Control Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control Huazhong University of Science and Technology Ministry of Education Wuhan430074 China School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering Beihang University Beijing100191 China

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have excellent magnetic-temperature characteristic. However, current temperature measurement based on MNPs is interfered by concentration. Utilizing the electron spin resonance (ESR), we propose a highly sensitive temperature measurement method without concentration coupling. The anisotropic field is affected by temperature, thus affecting the g-value. The influence of the MNP concentration, size, and the data analysis method on temperature estimation are studied. The optimal temperature sensitivity is achieved with 15-nm MNPs while Gaussian smoothing method allows an optimal accuracy at Fe concentration of 5 mg/ml with a standard deviation of 0.07 K. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetic moments

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Context prior for scene segmentation

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Yu, Changqian Wang, Jingbo Gao, Changxin Yu, Gang Shen, Chunhua Sang, Nong Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology University of Adelaide Australia Chinese University of Hong Kong Tencent

Recent works have widely explored the contextual dependencies to achieve more accurate segmentation results. However, most approaches rarely distinguish different types of contextual dependencies, which may pollute the scene understanding. In this work, we directly supervise the feature aggregation to distinguish the intra-class and inter-class context clearly. Specifically, we develop a Context Prior with the supervision of the Affinity Loss. Given an input image and corresponding ground truth, Affinity Loss constructs an ideal affinity map to supervise the learning of Context Prior. The learned Context Prior extracts the pixels belonging to the same category, while the reversed prior focuses on the pixels of different classes. Embedded into a conventional deep CNN, the proposed Context Prior Layer can selectively capture the intra-class and inter-class contextual dependencies, leading to robust feature representation. To validate the effectiveness, we design an effective Context Prior Network (CPNet). Extensive quantitative and qualitative evaluations demonstrate that the proposed model performs favorably against state-of-the-art semantic segmentation approaches. More specifically, our algorithm achieves 46.3% mIoU on ADE20K, 53.9% mIoU on PASCAL-Context, and 81.3% mIoU on Cityscapes. Code is available at https://***/ContextPrior. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pixels

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GTNet: Generative transfer network for zero-shot object detection

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Zhao, Shizhen Gao, Changxin Shao, Yuanjie Li, Lerenhan Yu, Changqian Ji, Zhong Sang, Nong Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Electrical and Information Engineering Tianjin University

We propose a Generative Transfer Network (GTNet) for zero-shot object detection (ZSD). GTNet consists of an Object Detection Module and a Knowledge Transfer Module. The Object Detection Module can learn large-scale seen domain knowledge. The Knowledge Transfer Module leverages a feature synthesizer to generate unseen class features, which are applied to train a new classification layer for the Object Detection Module. In order to synthesize features for each unseen class with both the intra-class variance and the IoU variance, we design an IoU-Aware Generative Adversarial Network (IoUGAN) as the feature synthesizer, which can be easily integrated into GTNet. Specifically, IoUGAN consists of three unit models: Class Feature Generating Unit (CFU), Foreground Feature Generating Unit (FFU), and Background Feature Generating Unit (BFU). CFU generates unseen features with the intra-class variance conditioned on the class semantic embeddings. FFU and BFU add the IoU variance to the results of CFU, yielding class-specific foreground and background features, respectively. We evaluate our method on three public datasets and the results demonstrate that our method performs favorably against the state-of-the-art ZSD approaches. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Object recognition

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Transfer Learning for Motor imagery Based Brain-Computer Interfaces: A Complete Pipeline

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Wu, Dongrui Jiang, Xue Peng, Ruimin Kong, Wanzeng Huang, Jian Zeng, Zhigang Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Brain-Machine Collaborative Intelligence Hangzhou Dianzi University Hangzhou310018 China

Transfer learning (TL) has been widely used in motor imagery (MI) based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) to reduce the calibration effort for a new subject, and demonstrated promising performance. While a closed-loop MI-based BCI system, after electroencephalogram (EEG) signal acquisition and temporal filtering, includes spatial filtering, feature engineering, and classification blocks before sending out the control signal to an external device, previous approaches only considered TL in one or two such components. This paper proposes that TL could be considered in all three components (spatial filtering, feature engineering, and classification) of MI-based BCIs. Furthermore, it is also very important to specifically add a data alignment component before spatial filtering to make the data from different subjects more consistent, and hence to facilitate subsequential TL. Offline calibration experiments on two MI datasets verified our proposal. Especially, integrating data alignment and sophisticated TL approaches can significantly improve the classification performance, and hence greatly reduces the calibration effort. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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FCM-RDpA: TSK fuzzy regression model construction using fuzzy C-means clustering, regularization, droprule, and powerball adabelief

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Shi, Zhenhua Wu, Dongrui Guo, Chenfeng Zhao, Changming Cui, Yuqi Wang, Fei-Yue Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

To effectively optimize Takagi-Sugeno-Kang (TSK) fuzzy systems for regression problems, a mini-batch gradient descent with regularization, DropRule, and AdaBound (MBGD-RDA) algorithm was recently proposed. This paper further proposes FCM-RDpA, which improves MBGD-RDA by replacing the grid partition approach in rule initialization by fuzzy c-means clustering, and AdaBound by Powerball AdaBelief, which integrates recently proposed Powerball gradient and AdaBelief to further expedite and stabilize parameter optimization. Extensive experiments on 22 regression datasets with various sizes and dimensionalities validated the superiority of FCM-RDpA over MBGD-RDA, especially when the feature dimensionality is higher. We also propose an additional approach, FCM-RDpAx, that further improves FCM-RDpA by using augmented features in both the antecedents and consequents of the rules. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gradient methods

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Relevant Region Prediction for Crowd Counting

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Chen, Xinya Bin, Yanrui Gao, Changxin Sang, Nong Tang, Hao Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science University of Trento

Crowd counting is a concerned and challenging task in computer vision. Existing density map based methods excessively focus on the individuals’ localization which harms the crowd counting performance in highly congested scenes. In addition, the dependency between the regions of different density is also ignored. In this paper, we propose Relevant Region Prediction (RRP) for crowd counting, which consists of the Count Map and the Region Relation-Aware Module (RRAM). Each pixel in the count map represents the number of heads falling into the corresponding local area in the input image, which discards the detailed spatial information and forces the network pay more attention to counting rather than localizing individuals. Based on the Graph Convolutional Network (GCN), Region Relation-Aware Module is proposed to capture and exploit the important region dependency. The module builds a fully connected directed graph between the regions of different density where each node (region) is represented by weighted global pooled feature, and GCN is learned to map this region graph to a set of relation-aware regions representations. Experimental results on three datasets show that our method obviously outperforms other existing state-of-the-art methods. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Directed graphs

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Calibration of the internal and external parameters of wheeled robot mobile chasses and inertial measurement units based on nonlinear optimization

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Peng, Gang Lu, Zezao Tan, Zejie He, Dingxin Li, Xinde Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control Ministry of Education School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan School of Automation South East University Nanjing

Mobile robot positioning, mapping, and navigation systems generally employ an inertial measurement unit (IMU) to obtain the acceleration and angular velocity of the robot. However, errors in the internal and external parameters of an IMU arising from defective calibration directly affect the accuracy of robot positioning and pose estimation. While this issue has been addressed by the mature internal reference calibration methods available for IMUs, external reference calibration methods between the IMU and the chassis of a mobile robot are lacking. This study addresses this issue by proposing a novel chassis-IMU internal and external parameter calibration algorithm based on nonlinear optimization, which is designed for robots equipped with cameras, IMUs, and wheel speed odometers, and functions under the premise of accurate calibrations for the internal parameters of the IMU and the internal and external parameters of the camera. All of the internal and external reference calibrations are conducted using the robot's existing equipment without the need for additional calibration aids. The feasibility of the method is verified by its application to a Mecanum wheel omnidirectional mobile platform as an example, as well as suitable for other type chassis of mobile robots. The proposed calibration method is thereby demonstrated to guarantee the accuracy of robot pose estimation. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mobile robots

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