Identifying plantation lines in aerial images of agricultural landscapes is re-quired for many automatic farming processes. Deep learning-based networks are among the most prominent methods to learn such patterns and ...
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Identifying plantation lines in aerial images of agricultural landscapes is re-quired for many automatic farming processes. Deep learning-based networks are among the most prominent methods to learn such patterns and extract this type of information from diverse imagery conditions. However, even state-of-the-art methods may stumble in complex plantation patterns. Here, we propose a deep learning approach based on graphs to detect plantation lines in UAV-based RGB imagery, presenting a challenging scenario containing spaced plants. The first module of our method extracts a feature map throughout the backbone, which consists of the initial layers of the VGG16. This feature map is used as an input to the knowledge Estimation Module (KEM), organized in three concatenated branches for detecting 1) the plant positions, 2) the plantation lines, and 3) the displacement vectors between the plants. A graph modeling is applied considering each plant position on the image as vertices, and edges are formed between two vertices (i.e. plants). Finally, the edge is classified as pertaining to a certain plantation line based on three probabilities (higher than 0.5): i) in visual features obtained from the backbone; ii) a chance that the edge pixels belong to a line, from the KEM step; and iii) an alignment of the displacement vectors with the edge, also from the KEM step. Experiments were conducted initially in corn plantations with different growth stages and patterns with aerial RGB imagery to present the advantages of adopting each module. We assessed the generalization capability in the other two cultures (orange and eucalyptus) datasets. The proposed method was compared against state-of-the-art deep learning methods and achieved superior performance with a significant margin considering all three datasets. This approach is useful in extracting lines with spaced plantation patterns and could be implemented in scenarios where plantation gaps occur, generating lines with few-to-no
This paper reports on the basic findings and future perspectives of a capacity building project funded by the European Union. The International Master of Science on Cyber Physical Systems (ms@CPS) is a collaborative p...
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This paper reports on the basic findings and future perspectives of a capacity building project funded by the European Union. The International Master of Science on Cyber Physical Systems (ms@CPS) is a collaborative project that aims to establish a master program in cyber physical systems (CPS). A consortium composed of nine partners proposed the project. Three partners are European and from Germany, UK and Sweden; while the other six partners are from the South Mediterranean region and include: Palestine, Jordan and Tunisia. The consortium is led by the University of Siegen in Germany who also manages the implementation of the work packages. CPS is an emerging engineering subject with significant economic and societal implications, which motivated the consortium to propose the establishment of a master program to offer educational and training opportunities at graduate level in the fields of CPS. In this paper, CPS as a field of study is presented with an emphasis on its importance, especially with regard to meeting local needs. A brief description of the project is presented in conjunction with the methodology for developing the courses and their learning outcomes.
Health assistance depends essentially on effective information providing for professionals. Presently visual information plays an outstanding role concerning patients’ status without necessity of invading procedures....
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作者:
Danaei, G.Farzadfar, F.Kelishadi, R.[a]Department of Global Health and Population and Department of Epidemiology
Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health Boston MA USA Department of Global Health and Population and Department of Epidemiology Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health Boston MA USA [b]Scientific Association for Public Health in Iran
Boston MA USA Scientific Association for Public Health in Iran Boston MA USA [c]Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center
Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran [d]Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center
Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran [e]Diabetes Research Center
Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Diabetes Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran [f]Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute
Department of Health Management and Economics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute Department of Health Management and Economics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran [g]Department of Global Health and Public Policy
Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Global Health and Public Policy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran [h]Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics
Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran [i]School of Public Health
Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran [j]Faculty of Medicine
Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Faculty of Medicine Te
Summary Being the second-largest country in the Middle East, Iran has a long history of civilisation during which several dynasties have been overthrown and established and health-related structures have been reorgani...
Summary Being the second-largest country in the Middle East, Iran has a long history of civilisation during which several dynasties have been overthrown and established and health-related structures have been reorganised. Iran has had the replacement of traditional practices with modern medical treatments, emergence of multiple pioneer scientists and physicians with great contributions to the advancement of science, environmental and ecological changes in addition to large-scale natural disasters, epidemics of multiple communicable diseases, and the shift towards non-communicable diseases in recent decades. Given the lessons learnt from political instabilities in the past centuries and the approaches undertaken to overcome health challenges at the time, Iran has emerged as it is today. Iran is now a country with a population exceeding 80 million, mainly inhabiting urban regions, and has an increasing burden of non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, diabetes, malignancies, mental disorders, substance abuse, and road injuries.
OBJECTIVE:To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of medical stakeholders regarding the use of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) tools.METHODS:A cross-sectional survey was conducted among stakeh...
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OBJECTIVE:To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of medical stakeholders regarding the use of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) tools.
METHODS:A cross-sectional survey was conducted among stakeholders in medicine. Participants included researchers, clinicians, and medical journal editors with varying degrees of familiarity with GAI tools. The survey questionnaire comprised 40 questions covering four main dimensions: basic information, knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to GAI tools. Descriptive analysis, Pearson's correlation, and multivariable regression were used to analyze the data.
RESULTS:The overall awareness rate of GAI tools was 93.3%. Participants demonstrated moderate knowledge (mean score 17.71 ± 5.56), positive attitudes (mean score 73.32 ± 15.83), and reasonable practices (mean score 40.70 ± 12.86). Factors influencing knowledge included education level, geographic region, and attitudes (p < 0.05). Attitudes were influenced by work experience and knowledge (p < 0.05), while practices were driven by both knowledge and attitudes (p < 0.001). Participants from outside China scored higher in all dimensions compared to those from China (p < 0.001). Additionally, 74.0% of participants emphasized the importance of reporting GAI usage in research, and 73.9% advocated for naming the specific tool used.
CONCLUSION:The findings highlight a growing awareness and generally positive attitude toward GAI tools among medical stakeholders, alongside the recognition of their ethical implications and the necessity for standardized reporting practices. Targeted training and the development of clear reporting guidelines are recommended to enhance the effective use of GAI tools in medical research and practice.
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted gaps in health surveillance systems, disease prevention, and treatment globally. Among the many factors that might have led to these gaps is the issue of the financing of ...
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted gaps in health surveillance systems, disease prevention, and treatment globally. Among the many factors that might have led to these gaps is the issue of the financing of national health systems, especially in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), as well as a robust global system for pandemic preparedness. We aimed to provide a comparative assessment of global health spending at the onset of the pandemic;characterise the amount of development assistance for pandemic preparedness and response disbursed in the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic;and examine expectations for future health spending and put into context the expected need for investment in pandemic preparedness. Methods: In this analysis of global health spending between 1990 and 2021, and prediction from 2021 to 2026, we estimated four sources of health spending: development assistance for health (DAH), government spending, out-of-pocket spending, and prepaid private spending across 204 countries and territories. We used the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)'s Creditor Reporting System (CRS) and the WHO Global Health Expenditure Database (GHED) to estimate spending. We estimated development assistance for general health, COVID-19 response, and pandemic preparedness and response using a keyword search. Health spending estimates were combined with estimates of resources needed for pandemic prevention and preparedness to analyse future health spending patterns, relative to need. Findings: In 2019, at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, US$9·2 trillion (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 9·1–9·3) was spent on health worldwide. We found great disparities in the amount of resources devoted to health, with high-income countries spending $7·3 trillion (95% UI 7·2–7·4) in 2019;293·7 times the $24·8 billion (95% UI 24·3–25·3) spent by low-income countries in 2019. That same year, $43·1 billion in development assistance was provided
There has been a growing interest in Health Informatics applications, research, and education within the Middle East and North African Region over the past twenty years. People of this region share similar cultural an...
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There has been a growing interest in Health Informatics applications, research, and education within the Middle East and North African Region over the past twenty years. People of this region share similar cultural and religious values, primarily speak the Arabic language, and have similar health care related issues, which are in dire need of being addressed. Health Informatics efforts, organizations, and initiatives within the region have been largely under-represented within, but not ignored by, the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA). Attempts to create bonds and collaboration between the different organizations of the region have remained scattered, and often, resulted in failure despite the fact that the need for a united health informatics collaborative within the region has never been more crucial than today. During the 2017 MEDINFO, held in Hangzhou, China, a new organization, the Middle East and North African Health Informatics Association (MENAHIA) was conceived as a regional non-governmental organization to promote and facilitate health informatics uptake within the region endorsing health informatics research and educational initiatives of the 22 countries represented within the region. This paper provides an overview of the collaboration and efforts to date in forming MENAHIA and displays the variety of initiatives that are already occurring within the MENAHIA region, which MENAHIA will help, endorse, support, share, and improve within the international forum of health informatics.
作者:
Andrew Min Han ChinThomas MenkhoffHans-Dieter EversHoong Hui Daniel GnKevin KohChester Wey LeePatrick H. M. LohLinda LowSebastian TanTeng Seng TeoNatalie YapLee Kong Chian School of Business
Singapore Management University (SMU) 81 Victoria Street Singapore 188065 Singapore Andrew Chin Min Han graduated from Tsinghua University in Beijing
China with a Tsinghua–MIT Sloan International Master of Business Administration degree under the Singapore Government’s Asian Business Fellowship (ABF) scholarship program. He is the Program Director of Singapore Management University (SMU) Executive Certificate in China Business and of the SMU Internationalisation Series. He teaches as an Adjunct Faculty of Strategy and Organisation at the SMU Lee Kong Chian School of Business since January 2017. He teaches effectively in English and Chinese. With over 23 years of experience in education and publishing industry in Asia
Andrew Chin’s multi-sector career has enabled him to experience the full spectrum of the education industry in his roles as the Singapore EDB Officer handling the World-Class University portfolio and the Specialist Information and Publishing Industry portfolio Chief Representative and Country Manager (China) at Thomson Learning (Fortune 500 company) and Co-founder and CEO for an early childhood education business. Andrew was a Business Development Director (Universities) at Sodexo Group (Fortune 500 company) for the Asia-Pacific region. After working 10 years in Beijing
China Andrew returned to Singapore in 2012 to work closely with the top leadership at Singapore Management University on the SMU China & East Asia Initiatives. Thomas Menkhoff is the Professor of Organisational Behaviour & Human Resources (Education) at the Lee Kong Chian School of Business
Singapore Management University (SMU). Two of his recent publications include: (i) Menkhoff Thomas Ning Kan Siew Evers Hans-Dieter and Chay Yue Wah eds. Living in Smart Cities: Innovation and Sustainability (New Jersey: World Scientific Publishing 2018) and (ii) Chay
Yue Wah Menkhoff Thomas and Low Linda eds. China’s Belt and Road Initiative — Understanding the Dynamics of a Global Transfor
In this paper, we explain how an experiential learning course and study tour to Gansu Province (People’s Republic of China) enabled undergraduates at the Singapore management University (SMU) to acquire 21st-century ...
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In this paper, we explain how an experiential learning course and study tour to Gansu Province (People’s Republic of China) enabled undergraduates at the Singapore management University (SMU) to acquire 21st-century competencies and higher-order thinking skills by analyzing and evaluating specific aspects of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and China–Singapore (Chongqing) Connectivity Initiative — New International Land–Sea Trade Corridor (CCI-ILSTC) with emphasis on developing viable Go-To-Market (GTM) strategies aimed at selling Gansu produce in four Southeast Asian markets. We share how the course was designed to support the attainment of key learning goals and discuss how we turned pedagogical aspirations into concrete learning outcomes. We introduce key aspects of the so-called “SMU-XO” project that the students conducted in partnership with an industry partner, Pacific International Lines (PIL), and discuss how the project work helped learners to gain global competency by (i) examining critical issues related to BRI such as multi-modal infrastructure connectivity, (ii) appreciating the local perspectives of project stakeholders in Lanzhou and Shanghai and (iii) successfully interacting with people from different cultures, namely China, Indonesia, Vietnam, Malaysia and Thailand.
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