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CHEMISTRY & BIOLOGY 2010年第4期17卷 311-312页

作者： McCarthy, Alice Main Text “In June 2003 the scientific and medical communities at MIT Harvard University and its affiliated hospitals and the Whitehead Institute banded together as collaborating partners to form the Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute based in Cambridge MA. The Broad Institute established with initial funding from a $100 million philanthropic donation from the Los Angeles-based Broad family was primarily viewed as a marriage between the Whitehead Institute's Center for Genome Research (WICGR) and the Harvard Institute of Chemistry and Cell Biology (ICCB). Eli Broad founder and chairman of AIG SunAmerica Inc. explained “the purpose of the Broad Institute is to create a new type of research institute to build on the accomplishments of the human genome project and to move to clinical applications to both prevent and cure diseases.” Every Thursday morning we meet with perhaps 20 faculty members and 100 other researchers to discuss what we're all doing and should be doing next. -David Altschuler This paragraph was written five years ago when the Broad Institute was in its very earliest days as a life science research community (McCarthy 2005). Since that time “the Broad” as it's known has kept true to Eli Broad's vision having attracted a talented group of researchers faculty trainees and professional staff. This 1600 person research community known internally as “Broadies” includes faculty staff and students from throughout the MIT and Harvard biomedical research communities and beyond with collaborations spanning over a hundred private and public institutions in more than 40 countries worldwide. “What is special about the Broad is that we have people from Harvard MIT and the Harvard hospitals come together and work on problems of shared interest that could not be solved in their own individuals labs” explains David Altshuler M.D. Ph.D. Deputy Director and one of the Broad's six core faculty members. “These problems require expertise beyond any one principal investigator and in

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Achieving compelling student comprehension of complex information structures for both on-site and on-line courses

Achieving compelling student comprehension of complex inform...

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2008 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

作者： Uhlig, Ronald Farahani, Alireza Viswanathan, Shekar Evans, Howard Sotelo, Mark National University Department of Computer Science and Information Systems School of Engineering and Technology National University Wireless Communications for the Master ot Science in Wireless Communications Program International Telecommunications Academy School of Engineering and Technology Department of Applied Engineering Lead Faculty for Engineering Management and Homeland Security and Safety Engineering Academic Computing for National University

Teaching engineering and technology subjects involves conveying understanding of abstract information structures and processes such as complex telecommunications protocols, complex mathematical concepts, and data structures. These are multidimensional and can be difficult to grasp quickly. Supported by a Hewlett-Packard (HP) Technology for Teaching grant, the School of engineering and Technology at National University has embarked on a project to enable students to grasp these complex concepts more quickly and easily, using continuous dialog among students and instructors as the structures are first introduced and then examined from multiple perspectives through real-time interaction among students, small groups, and instructors. HP Wireless Tablet PCs are used to discuss and experiment with diagrams and processes in realtime. This allows combining lectures and problem-solving sessions into a single class session. Our hypothesis is that: 1) an in-depth learning of theory is accomplished, and 2) student engagement is enhanced. Presentation of theory by the instructor is integrated with application while the theory is still in the student's short-term memory. Students no longer have to wait for a separate session such as a recitation session to apply the concepts. This approach often takes less time. In addition to accelerating the learning process, expert instructors find this approach more rewarding as students grasp new concepts more quickly. Analysis of data captured from both students and instructors are presented to support our hypotheses, and our results are compared with similar research carried out by other universities. In addition, the level of interaction enabled by the use of HP Tablets in on-line classes is discussed. The best teaching tools available in existing on-line teaching platforms are compared with the additional tools available in on-site courses when every student has a wireless Tablet PC and specific recommendations are made to on-line teachi

关键词： Students

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Systems Methodology and Framework for problem definition in Mobile ad hoc networks

Systems Methodology and Framework for problem definition in ...

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2nd Annual IEEE Internatioal Systems Conference

作者： Reghu Anguswamy Maheswaran Thiagarajan Cihan H. Dagli Systems Engineering Program Department of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Missouri University of Science and Technology Rolla MO USA Systems Engineering Graduate Program Department of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Missouri University of Science and Technology Rolla MO USA

Mobile Ad Hoc Networks are communication networks built up of a collection of mobile devices which can communicate through wireless connections. Mobile Ad Hoc Networks have many challenges such as routing, which is the task of directing data packets from a source node to a given destination. This task is particularly hard in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks: due to the mobility of the network elements and the lack of central control, robustness and adaptability in routing algorithms and work in a decentralized and self organizing way. Through the principles of systems architecting and engineering, the problem statement in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks could be defined more specifically and accurately. The uncertainties and techniques for mitigating and even taking positive advantages of them can be achieved through a framework of uncertainties as in [1]. The systems methodology framework called Total Systems Intervention (TSI) described by Flood and Jackson [2] select a systems methodology for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. The purpose of this paper is to show how TSI when integrated with a framework created to understand the risks and opportunities can help develop strategies to minimize the risks and to take advantage of the opportunities for facing challenges in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks.

关键词： Total Systems Intervention Uncertainties framework Problem definition MANETs

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An agent-based model for exploring land market mechanisms for coastal zone management

An agent-based model for exploring land market mechanisms fo...

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4th Biennial Meeting of International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software: Integrating sciences and Information Technology for Environmental Assessment and Decision Making, iEMSs 2008

作者： Filatova, Tatiana Van Der Veen, Anne Voinov, Alexey Department of Water Engineering and Management University of Twente Netherlands International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation Netherlands Chesapeake Research Consortium Community Modeling Program Johns Hopkins University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9788476530740

This paper presents an agent-based model of a land market (ALMA-C) to simulate the emergence of land prices and urban land patterns from bottom-up. Our model mimics individual decisions to buy and to sell land depending on economic, sociological and political factors as well as on the characteristics of the spatial environment. To this we add ecological and environmental considerations and focus on the question of how individual land use decisions can be affected to reduce the pressure on the coastal zone ecosystem functions. A series of model experiments helps visualize and explore how economic incentives at a land market can influence the spatial distribution of activities and land prices in a coastal zone. We demonstrate that economic incentives do affect urban form and pattern, land prices and welfare measures. However, they may not always be sufficient to reduce the pressure on coastal zone ecosystems.

关键词： Land use

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Substrate degradation and metal removal performance of a 1,500-gallon sulfate-reducing bioreactor for mining-influenced water treatment

Substrate degradation and metal removal performance of a 1,5...

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25th Annual Meetings of the American Society of Mining and Reclamation, ASMR 2008 and 10th Meeting of International Affiliation of Land Reclamationists, IALR 2008

作者： Ruiz, Ana Figueroa, Linda Zaluski, Marek Bless, Diana Environmental Science and Engineering Colorado School of Mines Golden CO 80401 United States Environmental Science and Engineering Colorado School of Mines United States Butte MT 57901 United States US EPA Mine Waste Technology Program National Risk Management Research Laboratory Cincinnati OH 45268 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605605487

The successful long-term operation and sustainability of passive systems for the treatment of mining influenced water (MIW) affected by metals and acidity has been challenged by a lack of understanding on organic substrate design. Metabolic activity of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in bioreactors produces H2S that precipitates dissolved metals, and it is the main mechanism that removes metals from solution. Fermentation products of the organic substrate provided support the SRB indirectly. The relation between changes in bioavailable carbon (C) in the substrate, SO42- reduction and metal removal was thus studied. The systems under investigation are two identical 1,500-gallon tanks filled with volume fractions of 0.7 walnut shells, 0.25 corn stover, and 0.05 manure. The tanks have an operating volume of approximately 1,100 gallons, receive influent water at a nominal rate of 1 L/min, and have an estimated hydraulic residence time of about 1.5 days (based on 50% porosity). The bioreactors receive mining influenced water from the National Tunnel in Black Hawk, CO that has a typical metals concentration of 35mg/L Fe, 8mg/L Zn, and 0.6mg/L Cu;pH is circumneutral at 5.5 ±1.0. To assess bioavailable C in the substrate, hot water and acid soluble C and lignin-to-cellulose ratios were periodically analyzed. Preliminary chemical analysis of the substrate suggests that only the hot water extractable fraction (organic acids and labile polysaccharides) changed during the first three quarters of operation. The lignin-to-cellulose ratio during the same period was relatively unchanged, suggesting that the rate of organic substrate depletion was low. Sulfate reduction was variable but sufficient to promote efficient removal of Cu and Zn. After the first 12 months of operation, the average percentages for metal removal in the duplicate bioreactors were >99% for Cu and Zn and 70% for Fe, the latter ranging between 40 and 95%. The low rate of substrate depletion suggests the substrat

关键词： Bioreactors

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Recommending mobile content using content diffusion and user preference transition

Recommending mobile content using content diffusion and user...

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2008 International Conference on e-Learning, e-Business, Enterprise Information Systems, and e-Government, EEE 2008

作者： Lee, Tong Queue Lee, Eunchang Park, Young Park, Yongtae Department of Mobile Internet Dongyang Technical College Seoul Korea Republic of Graduate Program in Technology and Management Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Computer Science and Information Systems Bradley University Peoria IL United States Department of Industrial Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)1601320639

Recommendation accuracy is especially important in mobile e-commerce environments due to the limited screen size of mobile devices and relatively expensive connection costs. Mobile content tends to be fashionable and are geared for young users. This paper presents a novel method of building a more accurate recommender system for mobile content in a mobile ecommerce environment. The method is based on collaborative filtering, and models content diffusion and user preference transition and incorporates them in constructing pseudo ratings from implicit feedback data. In a variety of experiments, recommender systems based on the method showed significantly better recommendation accuracy than a pure collaborative filtering-based recommender system.

关键词： Collaborative filtering

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NASA's Cost Analysis Steering Group as a Community of Practice

NASA's Cost Analysis Steering Group as a Community of Practi...

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IEEE Conference on Aerospace

作者： Jonathan G. Bryson Steven R. Brill Sheryl McGurk Earth Science Projects Division/420 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD USA Engineering and Program Management Division Computer Science Corporation WA USA Cost Analysis Division The Office of Program Analysis and Evaluation WA USA

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and other Federal agencies face a wave of retirements in the near future which could lead to a significant loss of experience and knowledge. As a response, the organizations need to utilize multiple strategies to capture, retain, and transfer knowledge and to maintain skill competency. This paper describes the use of the concept of a "community of practice" (CoP) and the initial steps to develop an Agency-wide discipline group for cost estimation and analysis into a more highly functioning community for the purpose of successful knowledge management. CoP resources from academia and other Federal sources are identified. A new model of a Knowledge Curriculum is also introduced.

关键词： NASA Life estimation Knowledge management Aerospace engineering Knowledge engineering Project management Retirement Cost function Financial management Information analysis

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Confidence intervals for multiple-stream yield index SpkM

Confidence intervals for multiple-stream yield index SpkM

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IEEE International Conference on Service Operations and Logistics, and Informatics, SOLI

作者： Dja-Shin Wang Chieh-Ming Wu Chien-Hua Shen Wan-Erh Wang Department of Business Administration Transworld Institute of Technology Tou-Liu Taiwan Graduate School of Engineering and Science and Technology National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Tou-Liu Taiwan Undergraduate Program in Management I-Shou University Taipei Taiwan

Wang et al. [1] proposed a multiple-stream yield index S pk M . In addition to the point estimation, such as interval estimation are also important. In this paper we derived explicit forms of the cumulative distribution function and the probability density function of the estimated index S pk M . We developed a practical procedure and formula to provide practitioners an efficient tool for interval estimation on the yield index S pk M . An application example is illustrated. The procedure and formula are effective and easy to used, and should be expectant for in-plant applications.

关键词： Probability density function Indexes Estimation Distribution functions Random variables Probability distribution Gaussian distribution

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A new government, industry and university partnership through discovery science and engineering innovation institutes

A new government, industry and university partnership throug...

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2008 AIChE Annual Meeting, AIChE 100

作者： Johannes, Justine E. Dimos, Duane Stinnett, Regan Smith, Paul Materials Synthesis and Processing Department Sandia National Laboratories MS 0885 P.O. Box 5800 United States Material Science and Engineering Sandia National Laboratories MS 0885 P.O. Box 5800 Albuquerque NM 87185-0885 United States National Institute of Nano Engineering Program Manager Sandia National Laboratories MS 0885 P.O. Box 5800 Albuquerque NM 87185-088 United States Licensing and IP Management Sandia National Laboratories MS 0885 P.O. Box 5800 Albuquerque NM 87185-0885 United States

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Naphtha’s price forecasting using Neuro-fuzzy system

Naphtha’s price forecasting using Neuro-fuzzy system

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SICE Annual Conference

作者： Porntip Visetsripong Pitikhate Sooraksa Pramote Luenam Watchareeporn Chaimongkol Joint Master of Science Program in Information Technology Management National Institute of Development Administration Bangkok Thailand Faculty of Engineering ing Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Bangkok Thailand Information Systems Education Center National Institute of Development Administration Bangkok Thailand School of Applied Statistics National Institute of Development Administration Bangkok Thailand

Naphthapsilas price forecasting using Neuro-fuzzy system is a forecasting technique that applied information technology with statistics. 1950 daily prices were collected as a time-series data with trend component. The research found that Neuro-Fuzzy system is more accurate and more reliable than a statistical method; it also works well with continuous data and performs better with more training data. Neuro-Fuzzy system might be used with different data type, but, it might come across with other factors, e.g. seasonal or irregular event. The research also illustrates the multidisciplinary nature in todaypsilas world of works in the era of merging among many disciplines.

关键词： Forecasting Predictive models Smoothing methods Neurons Market research Time series analysis Data models

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