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Performance analysis on mechanical and machinability attributes of Al6061-B4C-T6 composites processed via hot extrusion

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Proceedings of the Institution of mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of engineering Manufacture 2024年第9期238卷 1386-1400页

作者： Tinga, Sibel Karakoç, Halil Yağmur, Selçuk Saravana Kumar, M. Şeker, Ulvi Çıtak, Ramazan Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Gazi University Ankara Turkey Department of Mechanical Program Hacettepe University Ankara Turkey Department of Manufacturing Engineering Gazi University Ankara Turkey Graduate Institute of Manufacturing Technology National Taipei University of Technology Taipei Taiwan

In this study, composite materials with Al6061 alloy matrix and B4C particles reinforcement were produced by hot extrusion process. Fabricated composites were examined for the mechanical and machinability attributes. Al6061 alloy powders (4C particles (4C (3%, 6%, and 9% by weight) of and then cold pressed under 200 MPa pressure. The cold pressed powder metal block was extruded hot after preheating at 550°C for 1 h. Further, the composites were subjected to T6 aging heat treatment after hot extrusion. Microstructure, density, hardness, tensile strength, and wear properties were examined. The effects of cutting speed and cutting force on the machinability were also investigated. In addition, surface roughness and chips formation were examined. High density (99.6%) values were achieved with the extrusion process. With increasing B4C particles ratio, the hardness and tensile values were increased which was substantiated by the fracture morphology of the tensile specimens. It has been observed that tool smearing was high in the machining of the low-reinforced (3% B4C) composite. The highest cutting force was measured as 236 N at a feed rate of 0.27 mm/rev and a cutting speed of 250 m/min. It has also been observed that the average surface roughness decreased with increasing cutting speed and it increased with increasing feed rate. © IMechE 2023.

关键词： Microstructure

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Modeling of an external force estimator for an end-effector of a robot by neural networks

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Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, Transactions of the Chinese Institute of Engineers,Series A 2023年第8期46卷 895-904页

作者： Junplod, Goragod Kornmaneesang, Woraphrut Chen, Shyh-Leh Wongsa, Sarawan Department of Control Systems and Instrumentation Engineering King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi Bangkok Thailand International Bachelor Program in Engineering Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chung Cheng University Chiayi Taiwan Advanced Institute of Manufacturing with High-Tech Innovations National Chung Cheng University Chiayi Taiwan

This paper proposes a method to estimate external forces at the tip of a robot end-effector by using a neural network model. In order to avoid the use of an expensive force sensor in the training purpose, the proposed method implements the indirect training method by including the inverse dynamic model of the robot manipulator to the training algorithm with available information from a default robot system. In this method, the robot dynamics equations are necessary for the training, therefore a disturbance observer is adopted to deal with the existing uncertainties and errors. The performance of the proposed estimation method is evaluated through experiments of a 5-DOF robotic experimental platform, comparing to another existing estimation method using recurrent neural network with a type-1 disturbance observer for the external force estimation. The estimation results show that the behavior of the estimated external forces strongly correlates with the applied external forces and the proposed method is superior to the other method. © 2023 The Chinese Institute of Engineers.

关键词： Recurrent neural networks

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Photocatalytic bio-inspired PDA-RGO/g-C3N4 nanocomposite incorporated PES membrane for removal of environmental antibiotic pollutants

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Journal of Chemical technology and Biotechnology 2024年第6期99卷 1401-1413页

作者： Govardhanan, B. GokulaKrishnan, S.A. Arthanareeswaran, G. Ashok, M. Chen, Yong-Song Taweepreda, W. Membrane Research Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli Tiruchirappalli India New Generation Materials lab Department of Physics National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli Tiruchirappalli India Department of Mechanical Engineering and Advanced Institute of Manufacturing with High-tech Innovations National Chung Cheng University Chiayi County Taiwan Polymer Science Program Division of Physical Science Faculty of Science Prince of Songkla University Hat-Yai Thailand

BACKGROUND: Membrane technology makes it more suitable for the treatment of environmental polluted organic wastewater. Membrane fouling is one of the major concerns in commercial membranes. To overcome this issue, photocatalytic nanomaterials are embedded into the membrane to enhance its surface nature and reusability. In this investigation, polydopamine functionalized graphene oxide (PDA-RGO), graphite carbon nitride (g-C3N4) and PDA-RGO/g-C3N4 nanomaterials were incorporated within polyethersulfone membrane fabricated via a phase inversion technique. These as-prepared membranes’ functional groups and surface morphologies were investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and field emission electron microscopy (FESEM). These as-prepared membranes were investigated for photocatalytic activity under visible-light-driven photodegradation by environmental pollutants such as Rhodamine B (RhB) and Norfloxacin (NOR). RESULTS: Compared with pristine PES membrane, the PDA-RGO/g-C3N4-PES nanocomposite membrane showed higher photocatalytic activity for Rhodamine B 94.6% and Norfloxacin 96.8%, also reached greater water flux 189 L m−2 h−1. Therefore, the bio-inspired nanocomposite-modified PDA-RGO/g-C3N4 photocatalytic membrane could have huge potential in processing environmentally polluted water. CONCLUSIONS: PDA-RGO/g-C3N4-PES nanocomposite membrane improved the membrane hydrophilicity, water flow, anti-fouling performance, rejection studies and photocatalytic degradation than the pristine membrane. The synergistic result of PDA-RGO and g-C3N4 exhibits better photodegradation efficiency of the membrane towards environmental pollutants. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI). © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).

关键词： Nanocomposites

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Formability Analysis of Metal–Polymer Sandwich Composites Made of Al and PE Sheets Using Numerical Simulations 1

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12th International Conference and Workshop on Numerical Simulation of 3D Sheet Metal Forming Processes, NUMISHEET 2022

作者： Bekele, Tsegaye Janaki Ramulu, Perumalla Beri, Habtamu Siraji, Amrela Praveen Kumar Reddy, P. Program of Mechanical Engineering School of Mechanical Chemical and Materials Engineering Adama Science and Technology University Adama Ethiopia Centre of Excellence for Advanced Manufacturing Engineering School of Mechanical Chemical and Materials Engineering Adama Science and Technology University Adama Ethiopia School of Technology Gitam Deemed to Be University and Mahaveer Institute of Science and Technology Hyderabad India

ISBN: (数字)9783031062124

ISBN: (纸本)9783031062117

Metal/polymer/metal (MPM) sandwiched composites are in the class of capable engineering materials which give outstanding strength-to-weight ratios because of their comparatively low density. These materials are vital constituents within the automobile, aerospace, marine, and civil construction industries as substitutes for sheet metals that considerably reduce weight while not compromising practicality such as load bearing capacity stiffness and flexibility. For these materials to be utilised within the aforesaid industries, they need to bear numerous forming processes. This paper investigates the formability of metal-polymer sandwich composites made of AA-PE-AA (APA) and Galvanised Steel-PE-Galvanised Steel (GPG) considering the adhesion strength via numerical simulation. For evaluating the formability, the actual limit dome height (LDH)—bi-axial strain path—test setup is simulated using FEM. The results analysed are forming limit diagram (FLD), punch force distribution, and dome height at diverse conditions of punch velocity and friction. All the numerical simulations were performed using Altair Hyperworks with various blank sizes. The results are noted as FLD and dome height at varied conditions. A comparison is made to represent the best combinations for formability of the sandwich composites. Maximum formability and dome height are attained at low friction conditions and forming speed. © 2022, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society.

关键词： Adhesion

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Enhancing Agricultural Efficiency and Sustainability Through Smart Direct Couple Motor Operated Valve: A Technological Innovation for Automated Irrigation and Fertilization

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Nugraha, Muhamad Hanhan Hanhan Rabbika, Anes Inda Rusdja, Andy Permana Bustomi, Ahmad Mechanical Engineering Study Program Mechanical Engineering Department State Polytechnic of Jakarta Depok16425 Indonesia Manufacturing Engineering Technology Study Program Mechanical Engineering Department State Polytechnic of Jakarta Depok16425 Indonesia Mechanical Engineering Study Program Faculty of Engineering Mayasari Bakti University Tasikmalaya46196 Indonesia

This research introduces the Smart Direct Couple Motor Operated Valve (SDCMOV), designed to enhance agricultural efficiency and sustainability. SDCMOV automates the distribution of water and fertilizers in vegetable farming, reducing labor intensity and inefficiencies. The system addresses key issues such as minimizing musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among farmers and ensuring consistent nutrient delivery for optimal plant growth. Energy-efficient, environmentally friendly, and remotely controllable via mobile devices, SDCMOV significantly improves irrigation and fertilization processes. Experimental results suggest that SDCMOV is a viable solution for sustainable and modern agricultural practices, particularly in developing countries. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Irrigation

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The Effect of ADAS System on Driving Safety in a Heavy Electric Vehicle 7

The Effect of ADAS System on Driving Safety in a Heavy Elect...

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7th International Conference on Electric Vehicular technology, ICEVT 2022

作者： Hidayati, Noor Prasetya, Sonki Handaya, Devi Kamal, Dianta Mustofa Labibah, Shenni Meila Khalda Politeknik Negeri Jakarta Applied Undergraduate Study Program of Manufacturing Engineering Depok Indonesia Politeknik Negeri Jakarta Diploma 3 in Mechanical Engineering Study Program Depok Indonesia Politeknik Negeri Jakarta Magister of Manufacturing Technology Engineering Depok Indonesia Politeknik Negeri Jakarta Study Program of Energy Conversion Engineering Depok Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9781665409421

ISBN: (纸本)9781665409421

The use of intelligent technology has been widely applied to vehicles. ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance System) is one of the smart features embedded in vehicles, generally directed to assist in driving a vehicle and for safety, such as braking. The development of ADAS is the first step toward an autonomous vehicle system. The braking system currently relies on several detectors, namely Radar, LiDAR, and cameras. The current use of ADAS usually uses a radar system or the integration of radar and cameras. This article aims to analyze the impact of using ADAS in braking assistance with the help of a stereo camera as the object detector to know how much influence intelligent systems for ADAS in driving. Several speeds are compared to see the vehicle's response and the effect of the applied speed with the camera properly. The results show that the speed response can be increased by 0.3 seconds to reduce the delay in the driver's awareness response to identify the object in front of him. Furthermore, the use of a camera-based system as a tool in ADAS in this study can be used for medium speeds of about 50 km/hour. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Advanced driver assistance systems

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An application of conjugate gradient technique for determination of thermal conductivity as an inverse engineering problem 3

An application of conjugate gradient technique for determina...

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3rd International Conference on Advances in mechanical engineering and Nanotechnology, ICAMEN 2021

作者： Pandey, Vivek Bekele, Addisu Ahmed, Gulam Mohammed Sayeed Jee Kanu, Nand Singh, Gyanendra Kumar Department of Thermal and Aerospace Engineering School of Mechanical Chemical and Materials Engineering Adama Science and Technology University Adama Ethiopia Centre of Excellence for Advanced Manufacturing Engineering Program of Mechanical Design and Manufacturing Engineering School of Mechanical Chemical and Materials Engineering Adama Science and Technology University Adama Ethiopia Department of Mechanical Engineering S. V. National Institute of Technology Surat India Department of Mechanical Design and Manufacturing Engineering School of Mechanical Chemical and Materials Engineering Adama Science and Technology University Adama Ethiopia

Inverse problems frequently occur when boundary conditions/thermal properties of a material are unknown, and are determined from known internal temperature measurements. A direct problem is the opposite of an inverse problem. For example, it would be the task of determining the temperature field within a material body, given boundary conditions and thermal properties. In an ill-posed, inverse problem, small variations in internal temperature measurement cause large variations in the estimated quantity such as boundary heat flux. Measured temperature variations may be due to noise, measurement error and instrumentation error, among other factors. There are various methods for solving inverse problems in materials engineering. In the paper, an inverse problem of estimating boundary heat flux for one-dimensional heat conduction is solved using the classical method of Beck and temperature dependent thermal conductivity is estimated using the more recent and advanced Conjugate Gradient method (CGM). The temperature values from the finite difference application to a direct heat transfer problem are used along with noise added to the data, in order to simulate real world, experimental conditions. The data is applied to the inverse problem of finding boundary heat flux and thermal conductivity. It is seen that Conjugate Gradient Method (CGM) along with sequential function specification method recovers the boundary heat flux and thermal conductivity quite accurately for noise levels of 1% and 2%. It is further observed that addition of future time steps stabilize the algorithm and increase accuracy of the desired results. It is also observed that CGM can recover the temperature dependent thermal conductivity quickly within few iterations, for different values of thermal conductivity function coefficients, k0and k1. CGM is found to be fast and robust when applied to one-dimensional case and can be extended to complex geometries. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd.

关键词： Inverse problems

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mechanical Properties of Al2024/Al2O3/MgO/Graphite composites via hydro-thermal hot pressing route

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Materials Chemistry and Physics 2023年第1期302卷

作者： Ovalı, İsmail Esen, Cemal Albayrak, Sevda Karakoç, Halil Saravana Kumar, M. Yang, Che-Hua Pamukkale University Department of Manufacturing Engineering Denizli20160 Turkey Celal Bayar University Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Manisa Turkey Gazi University Department of Metallurgy and Materials Eng. Ankara06500 Turkey Hacettepe University Department of Mechanical Program Ankara06935 Turkey Graduate Institute of Manufacturing Technology National Taipei University of Technology Taipei10608 Taiwan

Currently, the research community is focused on hybrid composites with two different reinforcements. However, it's difficult to attain both mechanical strength and wear resistance simultaneously. So, the prime novelty of this research work is to enhance both the mechanical strength and wear performance of the composites by adding three reinforcement particles effectively through the hydro-thermal hot pressing technique. In this research, Al2024 alloy was reinforced with Al2O3–MgO-Gr particles in five different reinforcement combinations. With the help of a 3D mixer, the reinforcements were mixed in determined ratios for 30 min. The mixed powders were cold pressed under 50 MPa pressure, and then hot pressed at 550 °C under 200 MPa pressure. The fabricated hybrid composite materials were evaluated for their density and porosity. Further, hardness, transverse rupture strength and wear performance were investigated. The predominant wear mechanism was examined by wear mechanism maps under various sliding and normal conditions. The outcome shows that the inclusion of excess (>3%) nano MgO and (>1.5%) Gr particles decrease the density of the composite materials by forming micropores. The optimum reinforcement combination of 10% Al2O3, 3% of MgO and 1.5% of Gr particles shows improved cross-fracture strength of 132.6 MPa, minimum volume loss of 0.55 mm3 and decreased frictional coefficient of 0.18. Further, the smoothness in the worn-out surface SEM images of the composites substantiates the enhanced wear performance. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Wear of materials

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Intelligent Status Diagnosis System for Water Circulation Device 10

Intelligent Status Diagnosis System for Water Circulation De...

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10th International Conference on Applied System Innovation, ICASI 2024

作者： Lee, Jeng-Dao Ye, Yu-Cheng Ho, Chi-Ting Liu, Guan-Zhi Chen, Lin-Yin Hung, Ying-Hsiu Smart Machinery and Intelligent Manufacturing Research Center National Formosa University Department of Automation Engineering Yunlin Hu-Wei Taiwan National Formosa University Department of Mechanical Design Engineering Yunlin Hu-Wei Taiwan Doctor's Program of Smart Industry Technology Research and Design National Formosa University No. 64 Wenhua Road Hu-Wei Town. Yunlin Hu-Wei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350394924

This study employs AI to classify the vibration states of equipment during operation to ensure the health of the equipment. Initially, a vibration simulation system was established in the laboratory using a servo motor. The digitized data measured by a vibration sensor was transmitted to a PC and stored in SQLite. The vibration data was then applied to a Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN) model for training. After completing the capability of status identification in the vibration simulation system, the model was applied to the water-pumping motor of the water circulation system in the Wire Electrical Discharge Machine (WEDM). The intelligent vibration status diagnosis system identified whether the operation of the WEDM water circulation system was normal at different water-pumping motor speeds. This reduces the need for manual equipment fault detection and allows for immediate detection of motor status, minimizing accidents and product losses. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Fault detection

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Influence of gradation in the reinforcement particles on the interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of functionally graded composites

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Materials Today Communications 2024年 38卷

作者： Karakoç, Halil Çinici, Hanifi Saravana Kumar, M. Yılmaz, Tolga Ovalı, İsmail Yang, Che-Hua Arjunan, Arun Department of Mechanical Program Hacettepe University Ankara06935 Turkey Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Gazi University Ankara06500 Turkey Graduate Institute of Manufacturing Technology National Taipei University of Technology Taipei10608 Taiwan Department of Manufacturing Engineering Pamukkale University Denizli20160 Turkey Group centre for Engineering Innovation and Research University of Wolverhampton TelfordTF2 9NT United Kingdom

In this research, Al6061 alloy-based Functionally Graded Composites (FGCs) were fabricated by hot pressing which is composed of 7 layers with different proportions of Al2O3 reinforcement particles. The addition of Al2O3 particles is gradually increasing in the other layers from top to bottom (Layer 1 - Pure Al6061 alloy, Layer 2–5 wt% Al2O3, Layer 3–10 wt% Al2O3, Layer 4–20 wt% Al2O3, Layer 5–30 wt% Al2O3, Layer 6–40 wt% Al2O3, Layer 7–50 wt% Al2O3). Moreover, three different Al2O3 particle sizes (8, 16 and 32 µm) were used to fabricate three sets of FGCs. Reciprocating wear studies were performed and the result shows that the FGC with 8 µm Al2O3 particle size shows 85.5% improved wear resistance. Further, various wear mechanisms were investigated and finally compressive strength analysis proved that the homogenous distribution of Al2O3 particles in the FGC with 16 µm Al2O3 particle size helps achieve the maximum compression stress of 476.04 MPa compared with other FGCs. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Compression testing

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