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Baseline radon concentration in seawater-seabed interface of the central Yellow Sea: implications for monitoring offshore geological CO_(2) storage site

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Episodes 2024年第3期47卷 653-670页

作者： Dawoon Yeom Yejin Park Young Jae Shinn Yong Hwa Oh Sookwan Kim Sang-Hoon Lee Department of Convergence Study on the Ocean Science and Technology National Korea Maritime and Ocean UniversityBusan 49112Republic of Korea Division of Convergence on Marine Science National Korea Maritime and Ocean UniversityBusan 49112Republic of Korea Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology Busan 49111Republic of Korea

This study presents the concentration of radon-222(Rn)in bottom seawater and seawater 10 m above the seabed in the central Yellow Sea,where CO_(2) geological storage is *** sampling points were selected,considering the locations of the buried faults possibly acting as migration pathways of injected CO_(2).The Rn concentrations of bottom seawater range from 0 to 26±10 Bq m-3,whereas those of seawater 10 m above the seabed range from 0 to 16±6 Bq *** variation of Rn diffusion from the seabed accounts for different Rn concentrations at each sampling *** on CTD and sediment core data,it was found that the study area was characterized by summer stratification,muddy surface sediment,and homogeneous sediment resuspension profile above the *** observations suggest that the Rn diffusion from the seabed varied insignificantly in the study *** high Rn concentrations were found in sampling points near the buried faults,implying that the location of the buried faults is critical as monitoring *** limited by the lack of sampling points,this study provides baseline Rn concentrations,which will help to implement a CO_(2) monitoring program in the central Yellow Sea.

关键词： buried faults sampling points geological CO storage

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Regulation of cryogenic mechanical behaviors of C-added non-equiatomic CoCrFeNiMo ferrous medium-entropy alloy via control of initial microstructure

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材料科学技术（英文版） 2025年第5期208卷 141-151页

作者： Ji Yeong Lee Hyeonseok Kwon Jae Heung Lee Jihye Kwon Jaemin Wang Jae Wung Bae Jongun Moon Byeong-Joo Lee Yoon-Uk Heo Hyoung Seop Kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea Department of Metallurgical Engineering Pukyong National UniversityBusan 48513Republic of Korea Division of Advanced Materials Engineering Center for Advanced Powder Materials and PartsKongju National UniversityCheonanChungnam31080Republic of Korea Graduate Institute of Ferrous and Eco Materials Technology Pohang University of Science and Technology77 Cheongam-RoNam-GuPohang 37673Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea Graduate Institute of Ferrous and Eco Materials Technology Pohang University of Science and Technology77 Cheongam-RoNam-GuPohang 37673Republic of Korea Advanced Institute for Materials Research(WPI-AIMR) Tohoku UniversitySendai980-8577Japan Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology Yonsei UniversitySeoul03722Republic of Korea

This study demonstrated the potential for customizing the desired properties of the Co18.5Cr12Fe55Ni9Mo3.5C2(at.％)ferrous medium-entropy alloy by manipulating the deformation-induced martensite transformation(DIMT)behavior at liquid nitrogen *** was achieved by modify-ing various initial microstructures through annealing at temperatures ranging from 900 to 1200 ℃.The variations in DIMT kinetics were analyzed based on two main factors.(1)Inducing carbide precipitation by annealing at 900 and 1000 ℃ results in changes in the composition within the matrix,which may affect the stability of the face-centered cubic *** with a higher volume fraction of the carbide precipitates exhibit lower ΔGFCC→BCC and faster DIMT kinetics.(2)The onset and kinetics of DIMT are also affected by the use of martensite nucleation sites,which may vary depending on the presence of non-recrystallized regions or the grain *** fine-grained structures,martensite primarily nucleated in the non-recrystallized regions and grain ***,in coarse-grained microstructures,martensite mainly nucleated along the in-grain shear bands and their *** precise control of the microstructure results in superior *** samples annealed at 900 and 1000 ℃ with carbide precipitates and fine grains exhibit ultrahigh ultimate tensile strength,which may reach elevated values up to～1.8 GPa,while those annealed at 1100 and 1200 ℃ with larger grains and no precipitates exhibit a uniform elongation that exceeds 100％.

关键词： Ferrous medium-entropy alloy Deformation-induced martensitic transformation Microstructures Phase stability Precipitation

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Effect of Lycopus lucidus *** on gut microflora and short chain fatty acid composition in Crj:CD-1 mice

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BIOCELL 2022年第9期46卷 2101-2109页

作者： EUN NA SUN YOUNG LIM Ocean Science and Technology School Korea Maritime&Ocean UniversityBusanKorea2 Division of Convergence on Marine ScienceKorea Maritime&Ocean UniversityBusanKorea

We investigated the diversity and composition of microflora in feces of Lycopus lucidus Turcz.-fed *** addition,we evaluated the production of major cytokines(Interleukin-6 and-10)which are related to inflammation and fatty acid composition of several tissues.16S ribosomal DNA sequencing-based microbiome taxonomic profiling analysis was performed utilizing the EzBioCloud data *** mice fed on *** showed a significantly reduced number of lactic acid bacteria and coliform in the feces compared with the control group(p<0.05).16S rDNA sequencing analysis of fecal samples showed that *** supplementation decreased the community of harmful microflora(Enterobacteriaceae including Escherichia coli and Bacteroides sp.)in feces compared with the control group(p<0.05).There were no significant differences in mRNA expression of cytokine IL-6 and IL-10 between the control and *** fed *** fecal fatty acid composition in the *** group had percentages of 4:0,6:0,8:0 and 10:0 in the intestine but those short chain fatty acids were not detected in the control *** results showed that *** supplementation influenced gut environment by decreasing harmful microflora and increased the percentages of several short fatty acids.

关键词： Lycopus lucidus Turcz Fatty acid composition Intestinal microflora 16S rDNA sequencing Cytokines

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Dual-function polymer-based antifog and antibacterial coating for endoscopic applications

Dual-function polymer-based antifog and antibacterial coatin...

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Advanced Photonics in Urology 2024

作者： Bose, Sivakumar Lee, Byeong-Il Kang, Hyun Wook Marine-integrated Biomedical Technology Center The National Key Research Institutes in Universities Pukyong National University Busan48513 Korea Republic of Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering and Marine-integrated Biomedical Technology Center Digital Healthcare Research Center Division of Smart Healthcare College of Information Technology and Convergence Pukyong National University Busan48513 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9781510668935

When light is scattered, fog forms over transparent surfaces, causing blurry vision. This could pose a problem for clinical applications, particularly with endoscopes. Predicting the clinical result during diagnosis can be challenging due to blurry vision in the image. The diagnosis of gastrointestinal disorders, including colon illnesses, may be enhanced by the development of high-resolution, fog-free endoscopes. There hasn't been much research done in this field, though. Transparent surfaces with dual-purpose antibacterial and antifog coatings have several uses in the medical field. Coatings having such dual functional characteristics have been the subject of relatively few reported studies. In this work, a dip coating technique was used to manufacture the Fe-doped tannic acid (TA-Fe) integrated polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) coating (TA-Fe@PVA) with antibacterial and antifogging capabilities. SEM and UV-visible spectroscopy were used to characterize the produced coating, and then its antibacterial, antifogging, and biocompatibility properties were assessed. The transmission spectra for the TA-Fe@PVA coating (>95%) demonstrate good transparency in the visible region (370-700 nm), suggesting that it can be used in antifogging applications. The bacterial suspensions against S. aureus and E. coli may be effectively reduced by the presence of TA-Fe in the PVA. The hydroxyl group in PVA allowed for the realization of the antifogging performance. Furthermore, the coating exhibited favorable cytotoxicity behavior. According to the preliminary study results, the produced coating shows promise for use in endoscopic applications. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Endoscopy

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Biomodulatory effect of wavelength-dependent laser on prostate cancer in vitro and in vivo

Biomodulatory effect of wavelength-dependent laser on prosta...

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Advanced Photonics in Urology 2024

作者： Kang, Myungji Jo, Jihye Kang, Hyun Wook Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering and Marine-integrated Biomedical Technology Center Pukyong National University Busan Korea Republic of Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center The National Key Research Institutes in Universities Pukyong National University Busan Korea Republic of Major of Biomedical Engineering Division of Smart Healthcare College of Information Pukyong National University Busan Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9781510668935

The use of laser therapy in urology against cancer, such as bladder and prostate, has been increasing because of its advantages of minimally invasiveness and high accuracy.1 However, the maldistribution of optical energy can lead to unintended stimulation of cancer cells.2 Therefore, this study aims to investigate the stimulative effects of wavelength-dependent biomodulation on prostate cancer. Human-derived prostate cancer cell line DU145 was exposed to four different laser wavelengths (405, 532, 635 and 808 nm) at a dose of 10 J/cm2. After the laser irradiation, cell viability and ERK protein expression were assessed by using MTT assay and Western blot. For in vivo tests, DU145 xenograft models were used, and the tumors were extracted for histological analysis after ten days of volume monitoring. Among the wavelengths, the 808 nm laser consistently increased cell viability by up to 21 % for 24, 48, and 72 hours after the irradiation, compared to the control. The ERK protein expression was promoted by the irradiation of 405 and 808 nm laser light. The in vivo tests showed that the 808 nm laser significantly increased relative tumor volume (V/V0) up to 150% while the control group increased V/V0 up to 45%. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of the sectioned tumor represented that VEGF and HIF-1a expression were induced after the exposure to the 808 nm laser light. The current findings showed that depending on the wavelength, low level laser irradiation may affect the proliferation of prostate cancer cells, stimulating the tumor growth in the tumor microenvironment. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Urology

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Photothermal therapy-mediated with photodynamic therapy to improve prostate cancer treatment

Photothermal therapy-mediated with photodynamic therapy to i...

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Advanced Photonics in Urology 2024

作者： Kim, Yeongeun Kang, Myungji Kang, Hyun Wook Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering and Marine-integrated Biomedical Technology Center Pukyong National University Busan Korea Republic of Major of Biomedical Engineering Division of Smart Healthcare College of Information Pukyong National University Busan Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9781510668935

Photothermal therapy (PTT) has been studied as a minimal-invasive and effective treatment for prostate cancer. However, PTT has disadvantages, such as inadequate treatment and severe thermal injury to normal tissue. In this study, PTT was conjugated with photodynamic therapy (PDT) to improve treatment effect by covering untreated region of PTT and targeting specific cancer tissue. For PTT-PDT, 808 nm laser was irradiated at 0.8 W/cm2 for 5 min. To evaluate the experimental conditions, MTT, ROS assay, and annexin V-FITC/PI staining were conducted in in vitro tests. DU145-bearing mice models were treated and monitored for two weeks to confirm the feasibility of PTT-PDT. Then, histological and protein expression level were analyzed. As a result, PTT-PDT showed a steadily decreasing survival rate for 24 hr with a lower viability due to two types of cell death (necrosis and apoptosis) after the immediate necrosis. In the in vivo tests, PTT-PDT showed the lowest tumor growth rate for monitoring a 24 % wider therapeutic area, compared to PTT. In addition, the apoptosis-related protein expression of PTT-PDT was more than 55 % higher than PTT. In conclusion, the current study demonstrated that PTT-PDT enhanced therapeutic effect by complementing the incompletely treated region of PTT through the distant apoptosis of PDT. For clinical applications, further studies will be conducted to analyze the post-treatment of PTT-PDT and to improve the selectivity of photosensitizers. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Photodynamic therapy

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Mechanical densification synthesis of single-crystalline Ni-rich cathode for high-energy lithium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第4期79卷 562-568页

作者： Gwonsik Nam Jaeseong Hwang Donghun Kang Sieon Oh Sujong Chae Moonsu Yoon Minseong Ko Division of Convergence Materials Engineering Pukyong National UniversityBusan 48547Republic of Korea Namyang R&D Center Hyundai Motor CompanyHwaseong 18280Republic of Korea Division of Industrial Chemistry and Polymer Engineering Pukyong National UniversityBusan 48547Republic of Korea Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA

The intergranular microcracking in polycrystalline Ni-rich cathode particle is led by anisotropic volume change and stress corrosion along grain boundary,accelerating battery performance ***,we have suggested a simple but advanced solid-state method that ensures both uniform transition metal distribution and single-crystalline morphology for Ni-rich cathode synthesis without sophisticated ***-assisted mechanical densification(PAMD)process on solid-state precursor mixture enables the dynamic mass transfer through the increased solid-solid contact area which facilitates the grain growth during sintering process,readily forming micro-sized single-crystalline ***,the improved chemical reactivity by a combination of capillary effect and vacancyassisted diffusion provides homogeneous element distribution within each primary *** a result,single-crystalline Ni-rich cathode with PAMD process has eliminated a potential evolution of intergranular cracking,thus achieving superior energy retention capability of 85%over 150 cycles compared to polycrystalline Ni-rich particle even after high-pressure calendering process(corresponding to electrode density of~3.6 g cm^(-3))and high cut-off voltage *** work provides a concrete perspective on developing facile synthetic route of micron-sized single-crystalline Ni-rich cathode materials for high energy density lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries Ni-rich cathode materials Mechanical densification Solid-state synthesis

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Induced Waves from Typhoon Maysak: Model Optimization and Evolution Characteristics in Yeongil Bay, South Korea

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Journal of Coastal Research 2024年第SP1期116卷 81-85页

作者： Yazid Ridla Yeon S. Chang Kyong Ho Ryu Sang-Ho Oh Weon-Mu Jeong Marine Technology Convergence Engineering University of Science and Technology Busan Republic of Korea Marine ICT Research and Development Center Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology Busan Republic of Korea Department of Civil Engineering Changwon National University Changwon Republic of Korea

Ridla, Y.; Chang, Y.S.; Ryu, K.H.; Oh, S.-H., and Jeong, W.-M., 2023. Induced waves from Typhoon Maysak: Model optimization and evolution characteristics in Yeongil Bay, South Korea. In: Lee, J.L.; Lee, H.; Min, B.I.; Chang, J.-I.; Cho, G.T.; Yoon, J.-S., and Lee, J. (eds.), Multidisciplinary Approaches to Coastal and marine Management. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 116, pp. 81-85. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN *** Maysak (TY2009) landed on the Korean Peninsula in September 2020, and the intense waves caused severe damage along the east coast of South Korea. In a previous study by Son and Do (2022), two wave model physics, ST1 (Komen, Hasselmann, and Hasselmann, 1984) and ST6 (Zieger et al., 2015), were compared. The results showed that the two models overestimated the significant wave height, especially with ST6, which utilized a wind friction velocity as the wind scale. Thus, the optimized wave model setup and effect of wind scaling variation in the ST6 physics were evaluated for typhoon-induced wave simulation. The model has also been applied to hindcast the wave fields in Yeongil Bay using the unstructured meshes with a horizontal resolution of 50 m. The results showed that the U10 application on the ST6 model reduced the wave height significantly. The model was further improved by implementing the UL2M2 parameterization (Rogers, Babanin, and Wang, 2012), although the maximum wave height during the typhoon event was underestimated. During the typhoon event, the observation data showed different wave evolution patterns at each station inside the bay. However, the present model was insufficient to capture the wave evolution process. Further studies that include the refraction-diffraction process and optimizing the parameters shall be inquired.

关键词： SWAN model Typhoon Maysak wind scaling Yeongil bay

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Feasibility of non-ablative photothermal 980 nm laser endoluminal treatment for stress urinary incontinence

Feasibility of non-ablative photothermal 980 nm laser endolu...

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Advanced Photonics in Urology 2024

作者： Shin, Hwarang Lee, Yeachan Lim, Seonghee Kang, Hyun Wook Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering Pukyong National University Busan Korea Republic of Department of Internal Medicine University of Michigan United States Research and Development Bluecore Company Busan Korea Republic of Marine—Integrated Biomedical Technology Center Pukyong National University Busan Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9781510668935

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is the involuntary leakage of urine during physical activity caused by bladder pressure exceeding urethral closure pressure. Slings are commonly used as a surgical treatment for SUI. However, the sling procedure is invasive and inserted into the body, resulting in mesh infection and chronic pain. The current study aims to evaluate the feasibility of laser treatment for SUI by using 980 nm laser light with a balloon-integrated diffusing applicator as a minimally invasive and non-permanent procedure. A female porcine urethra was dilated using a balloon, and then the tissue was irradiated with the 980 nm laser at 20 W for 15 s. The laser irradiated urethra were harvested 0, 14 and 28 days after the laser irradiation, respectively. Both Masson’s trichrome and Sirius red staining were applied to confirm structural changes and collagen distribution. There was no change in mucosal thickness between the laser irradiation group and the control group. In the laser irradiation group, the thickness of the muscle layer increased by approximately 35%, compared to the control group. Furthermore, the laser irradiation group showed a 30% increase in collagen distribution in the external urethral sphincter compared to the SUI model. The current study demonstrated the feasibility of the therapeutic effect of the 980 nm laser in the porcine urethra. To confirm the safety and efficacy of the proposed photothermal treatment, we will conduct in vivo studies to assess the extent of nerve damage and molecular changes using PCR assays in chronic and disease-induced animal models. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Irradiation

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Adaptive Confidence Threshold for ByteTrack in Multi-Object Tracking 12

Adaptive Confidence Threshold for ByteTrack in Multi-Object ...

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12th IEEE International Conference on Control, Automation and Information sciences, ICCAIS 2023

作者： Ma, Linh Van Hussain, Muhammad Ishfaq Park, JongHyun Kim, Jeongbae Jeon, Moongu Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Korea Republic of Pusan National University Department of Mechanical-IT Convergence System Engineering Busan Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798350328783

We investigate the application of ByteTrack in the realm of multiple object tracking. ByteTrack, a simple tracking algorithm, enables the simultaneous tracking of multiple objects by strategically incorporating detections with a low confidence threshold. Conventionally, objects are initially associated with high confidence threshold detections. When the association between objects and detections becomes ambiguous, ByteTrack extends the association to lower confidence threshold detections. One notable drawback of the existing ByteTrack approach is its reliance on a fixed threshold to differentiate between high and low-confidence detections. In response to this limitation, we introduce a novel and adaptive approach. Our proposed method entails a dynamic adjustment of the confidence threshold, leveraging insights derived from overall detections. Through experimentation, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our adaptive confidence threshold technique while maintaining running time compared to ByteTrack. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Object detection

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