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Proposal and Validation of Standard Operating Procedure for Free-Fall Cone Penetration Test System

Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems 2022年第6期28卷 575-580页

作者： Man, Dong-Woo Seo, Jung-Min Kang, Hyoun Choi, Jae Ho Shin, Chang Joo Ocean ICT Convergence Research Center Ocean Engineering Division Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology Korea Republic of Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology Ocean Engineering Division Marine ICT Convergence Research Center Institute of Technology Korea Republic of Marine ICT Convergence Research Center Ocean Engineering Division Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology Korea Republic of

Recently, research and development on underwater cities have emerged. Hence, research equipment to investigate the characteristics of the seabed is also diversifying. Existing underwater ground survey equipment faces the problem where a large system, high cost, and available ships are limited. Therefore, the FFCPT (Free-Fall Cone Penetration Test) is emerging as a realistic alternative. KIOST in Korea is developing an FFCPT, intending to have a depth of 200m or more and a weight of less than 100kg. When operating the FFCPT, heavy-load work such as loading on a ship, moving, dropping, and extruding from the seabed is required. It is essential to perform work according to the standard operating procedure (SOP) in consideration of safety. However, there are no studies on SOPs for an FFCPT. Therefore, in this paper, an SOP for an FFCPT was proposed. The result of the total resistance test of the seabed demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed SOP. Furthermore, we could generalize our work using an FFCPT based on the proposed SOP. © ICROS 2022.

关键词： Oceanographic equipment

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Vehicle Dynamic Model Based Navigation Algorithm Requirement Analysis for Improving High Precision Inertial Navigation System

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Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems 2023年第10期29卷 818-825页

作者： Ko, Bo Sung Kim, Yong Hun Lee, Joo Han Park, So Jin Park, Seung Hyo Song, Jin Woo Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering and Convergence Engineering for Intelligent Drone Sejong University Korea Republic of Naval Combat System PMO Marine Technology Research Institute Agency for Defense Development Korea Republic of

We propose an idea of using VDM (Vehicle Dynamic Model) as a constraint of INS (Inertial Navigation System) for improving the long term navigation performance. In order to suppress long term INS error, a constrained Kalman filter is applied. Before developing the high precision INS with various sensors and techniques, M&S (Modeling & Simulation) step is performed to define and validate the necessary requirements of the development, which here in this research, the requirement of VDM quality is analyzed. M&S is constructed using a 6-DOF submarine dynamic model and a guidance-navigation control model. It is assumed that the navigation sensor is consisted with an inertial measurement unit, EM-Log (Electromagnetic Log), and DM (Depth Module). Monte-Carlo simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the VDM employed by the constrained Kalman filter and requirements for VDM error are also analyzed. © ICROS 2023.

关键词： Inertial navigation systems

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Dual-function polymer-based antifog and antibacterial coating for endoscopic applications

Dual-function polymer-based antifog and antibacterial coatin...

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Advanced Photonics in Urology 2024

作者： Bose, Sivakumar Lee, Byeong-Il Kang, Hyun Wook Marine-integrated Biomedical Technology Center The National Key Research Institutes in Universities Pukyong National University Busan48513 Korea Republic of Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering and Marine-integrated Biomedical Technology Center Digital Healthcare Research Center Division of Smart Healthcare College of Information Technology and Convergence Pukyong National University Busan48513 Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9781510668935

When light is scattered, fog forms over transparent surfaces, causing blurry vision. This could pose a problem for clinical applications, particularly with endoscopes. Predicting the clinical result during diagnosis can be challenging due to blurry vision in the image. The diagnosis of gastrointestinal disorders, including colon illnesses, may be enhanced by the development of high-resolution, fog-free endoscopes. There hasn't been much research done in this field, though. Transparent surfaces with dual-purpose antibacterial and antifog coatings have several uses in the medical field. Coatings having such dual functional characteristics have been the subject of relatively few reported studies. In this work, a dip coating technique was used to manufacture the Fe-doped tannic acid (TA-Fe) integrated polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) coating (TA-Fe@PVA) with antibacterial and antifogging capabilities. SEM and UV-visible spectroscopy were used to characterize the produced coating, and then its antibacterial, antifogging, and biocompatibility properties were assessed. The transmission spectra for the TA-Fe@PVA coating (>95%) demonstrate good transparency in the visible region (370-700 nm), suggesting that it can be used in antifogging applications. The bacterial suspensions against S. aureus and E. coli may be effectively reduced by the presence of TA-Fe in the PVA. The hydroxyl group in PVA allowed for the realization of the antifogging performance. Furthermore, the coating exhibited favorable cytotoxicity behavior. According to the preliminary study results, the produced coating shows promise for use in endoscopic applications. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Endoscopy

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Photothermal therapy-mediated with photodynamic therapy to improve prostate cancer treatment

Photothermal therapy-mediated with photodynamic therapy to i...

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Advanced Photonics in Urology 2024

作者： Kim, Yeongeun Kang, Myungji Kang, Hyun Wook Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering and Marine-integrated Biomedical Technology Center Pukyong National University Busan Korea Republic of Major of Biomedical Engineering Division of Smart Healthcare College of Information Pukyong National University Busan Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9781510668935

Photothermal therapy (PTT) has been studied as a minimal-invasive and effective treatment for prostate cancer. However, PTT has disadvantages, such as inadequate treatment and severe thermal injury to normal tissue. In this study, PTT was conjugated with photodynamic therapy (PDT) to improve treatment effect by covering untreated region of PTT and targeting specific cancer tissue. For PTT-PDT, 808 nm laser was irradiated at 0.8 W/cm2 for 5 min. To evaluate the experimental conditions, MTT, ROS assay, and annexin V-FITC/PI staining were conducted in in vitro tests. DU145-bearing mice models were treated and monitored for two weeks to confirm the feasibility of PTT-PDT. Then, histological and protein expression level were analyzed. As a result, PTT-PDT showed a steadily decreasing survival rate for 24 hr with a lower viability due to two types of cell death (necrosis and apoptosis) after the immediate necrosis. In the in vivo tests, PTT-PDT showed the lowest tumor growth rate for monitoring a 24 % wider therapeutic area, compared to PTT. In addition, the apoptosis-related protein expression of PTT-PDT was more than 55 % higher than PTT. In conclusion, the current study demonstrated that PTT-PDT enhanced therapeutic effect by complementing the incompletely treated region of PTT through the distant apoptosis of PDT. For clinical applications, further studies will be conducted to analyze the post-treatment of PTT-PDT and to improve the selectivity of photosensitizers. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Photodynamic therapy

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Biomodulatory effect of wavelength-dependent laser on prostate cancer in vitro and in vivo

Biomodulatory effect of wavelength-dependent laser on prosta...

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Advanced Photonics in Urology 2024

作者： Kang, Myungji Jo, Jihye Kang, Hyun Wook Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering and Marine-integrated Biomedical Technology Center Pukyong National University Busan Korea Republic of Marine Integrated Biomedical Technology Center The National Key Research Institutes in Universities Pukyong National University Busan Korea Republic of Major of Biomedical Engineering Division of Smart Healthcare College of Information Pukyong National University Busan Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9781510668935

The use of laser therapy in urology against cancer, such as bladder and prostate, has been increasing because of its advantages of minimally invasiveness and high accuracy.1 However, the maldistribution of optical energy can lead to unintended stimulation of cancer cells.2 Therefore, this study aims to investigate the stimulative effects of wavelength-dependent biomodulation on prostate cancer. Human-derived prostate cancer cell line DU145 was exposed to four different laser wavelengths (405, 532, 635 and 808 nm) at a dose of 10 J/cm2. After the laser irradiation, cell viability and ERK protein expression were assessed by using MTT assay and Western blot. For in vivo tests, DU145 xenograft models were used, and the tumors were extracted for histological analysis after ten days of volume monitoring. Among the wavelengths, the 808 nm laser consistently increased cell viability by up to 21 % for 24, 48, and 72 hours after the irradiation, compared to the control. The ERK protein expression was promoted by the irradiation of 405 and 808 nm laser light. The in vivo tests showed that the 808 nm laser significantly increased relative tumor volume (V/V0) up to 150% while the control group increased V/V0 up to 45%. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of the sectioned tumor represented that VEGF and HIF-1a expression were induced after the exposure to the 808 nm laser light. The current findings showed that depending on the wavelength, low level laser irradiation may affect the proliferation of prostate cancer cells, stimulating the tumor growth in the tumor microenvironment. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Urology

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Induced Waves from Typhoon Maysak: Model Optimization and Evolution Characteristics in Yeongil Bay, South Korea

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Journal of Coastal Research 2024年第SP1期116卷 81-85页

作者： Yazid Ridla Yeon S. Chang Kyong Ho Ryu Sang-Ho Oh Weon-Mu Jeong Marine Technology Convergence Engineering University of Science and Technology Busan Republic of Korea Marine ICT Research and Development Center Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology Busan Republic of Korea Department of Civil Engineering Changwon National University Changwon Republic of Korea

Ridla, Y.; Chang, Y.S.; Ryu, K.H.; Oh, S.-H., and Jeong, W.-M., 2023. Induced waves from Typhoon Maysak: Model optimization and evolution characteristics in Yeongil Bay, South Korea. In: Lee, J.L.; Lee, H.; Min, B.I.; Chang, J.-I.; Cho, G.T.; Yoon, J.-S., and Lee, J. (eds.), Multidisciplinary Approaches to Coastal and marine Management. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 116, pp. 81-85. Charlotte (North Carolina), ISSN *** Maysak (TY2009) landed on the Korean Peninsula in September 2020, and the intense waves caused severe damage along the east coast of South Korea. In a previous study by Son and Do (2022), two wave model physics, ST1 (Komen, Hasselmann, and Hasselmann, 1984) and ST6 (Zieger et al., 2015), were compared. The results showed that the two models overestimated the significant wave height, especially with ST6, which utilized a wind friction velocity as the wind scale. Thus, the optimized wave model setup and effect of wind scaling variation in the ST6 physics were evaluated for typhoon-induced wave simulation. The model has also been applied to hindcast the wave fields in Yeongil Bay using the unstructured meshes with a horizontal resolution of 50 m. The results showed that the U10 application on the ST6 model reduced the wave height significantly. The model was further improved by implementing the UL2M2 parameterization (Rogers, Babanin, and Wang, 2012), although the maximum wave height during the typhoon event was underestimated. During the typhoon event, the observation data showed different wave evolution patterns at each station inside the bay. However, the present model was insufficient to capture the wave evolution process. Further studies that include the refraction-diffraction process and optimizing the parameters shall be inquired.

关键词： SWAN model Typhoon Maysak wind scaling Yeongil bay

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Feasibility of non-ablative photothermal 980 nm laser endoluminal treatment for stress urinary incontinence

Feasibility of non-ablative photothermal 980 nm laser endolu...

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Advanced Photonics in Urology 2024

作者： Shin, Hwarang Lee, Yeachan Lim, Seonghee Kang, Hyun Wook Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering Pukyong National University Busan Korea Republic of Department of Internal Medicine University of Michigan United States Research and Development Bluecore Company Busan Korea Republic of Marine—Integrated Biomedical Technology Center Pukyong National University Busan Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9781510668935

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is the involuntary leakage of urine during physical activity caused by bladder pressure exceeding urethral closure pressure. Slings are commonly used as a surgical treatment for SUI. However, the sling procedure is invasive and inserted into the body, resulting in mesh infection and chronic pain. The current study aims to evaluate the feasibility of laser treatment for SUI by using 980 nm laser light with a balloon-integrated diffusing applicator as a minimally invasive and non-permanent procedure. A female porcine urethra was dilated using a balloon, and then the tissue was irradiated with the 980 nm laser at 20 W for 15 s. The laser irradiated urethra were harvested 0, 14 and 28 days after the laser irradiation, respectively. Both Masson’s trichrome and Sirius red staining were applied to confirm structural changes and collagen distribution. There was no change in mucosal thickness between the laser irradiation group and the control group. In the laser irradiation group, the thickness of the muscle layer increased by approximately 35%, compared to the control group. Furthermore, the laser irradiation group showed a 30% increase in collagen distribution in the external urethral sphincter compared to the SUI model. The current study demonstrated the feasibility of the therapeutic effect of the 980 nm laser in the porcine urethra. To confirm the safety and efficacy of the proposed photothermal treatment, we will conduct in vivo studies to assess the extent of nerve damage and molecular changes using PCR assays in chronic and disease-induced animal models. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Irradiation

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Thyroid and neurobehavioral effects of DiNP on GH3 cells and larval zebrafish (Danio rerio)

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Chemosphere 2024年 362卷 142593页

作者： Ihn, Yunchul Cho, Yoojin Lee, Inae Oh, Jin-su Moon, Hyo-Bang Choi, Kyungho Graduate School of Public Health Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Institute of Health and Environment Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Marine Sciences and Convergence Engineering College of Science and Convergence Technology Hanyang University Ansan15588 Korea Republic of

Diisononyl phthalate (DiNP) has been used to replace bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and is frequently found in the environment and humans. DiNP is reported for its anti-androgenic activity;however, little is known about its effects on thyroid function and neurodevelopment. In the present study, the thyroid disruption and neurobehavioral alteration potential of DiNP and its major metabolites were assessed in a rat pituitary carcinoma cell line (GH3) and embryo-larval zebrafish (Danio rerio). In GH3 cells, exposure to DiNP and its metabolites not only increased proliferation but also induced transcriptional changes in several target genes, which were different from those observed with DEHP exposure. In larval fish, a 5-day exposure to DiNP caused significant increases in thyroid hormone levels, following a similar pattern to that reported for DEHP exposure. Following exposure to DiNP, the activity of the larval fish decreased, and neurodevelopment-related genes, such as c-fos, elavl3, and mbp, were down-regulated. These changes are generally similar to those observed for DEHP. Up-regulation of gap43 and down-regulation of elavl3 gene, which are important for both thyroid hormone production and neurodevelopment, respectively, support the potential for both thyroid and behavioral disruption of DiNP. Overall, these results emphasize the need to consider the adverse thyroid and neurodevelopmental effects in developing regulations for DEHP-replacing phthalates. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Metabolites

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Thyroid and sex hormone disrupting effects of DEHTP at different life stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio)

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Chemosphere 2024年 358卷 142105页

作者： Ihn, Yunchul Cho, Yoojin Lee, Yura Seok, Hyesun Oh, Jin-su Moon, Hyo-Bang Choi, Kyungho Graduate School of Public Health Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Institute of Health and Environment Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Marine Sciences and Convergence Engineering College of Science and Convergence Technology Hanyang University Ansan15588 Korea Republic of

Di(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate (DEHTP) is an alternative plasticizer widely used in numerous consumer products, replacing di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). Hence, DEHTP has been frequently detected in the environment and humans. As a structural isomer and functional analog of DEHP, DEHTP is a suspected endocrine disruptor. Here, we evaluated thyroid-disrupting effects of DEHTP using embryo-larval and adult male zebrafish. We also investigated its sex hormone disruption potential in the adult zebrafish. After 5- and 7-days of exposure to DEHTP, significant increases in whole-body thyroid hormonal levels were observed in the larval fish. Down-regulation of several thyroid-regulating genes, including trh, tshβ, nis, and dio2, was observed, but only after 5-day exposure. Following a 21-day exposure, the adult male zebrafish exhibited a significant decrease in total triiodothyronine and an increase in thyroid-stimulating hormones. Potential changes in the deiodination of thyroid hormones, supported by the up-regulation of two deiodinases, dio1 and dio3a, along with the down-regulation of dio2, could explain the thyroid hormone changes in the adult zebrafish. Moreover, significant trends of decrease in estradiol and 11-ketotestosterone, along with increase of testosterone (T), were observed in the adult zebrafish. Up-regulation of several steroidogenic genes may explain elevated T, while exact mechanisms of action warrant further investigation. Our results demonstrate that DEHTP can cause disruptions of thyroid and sex hormones at different life stages in zebrafish. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Plasticizers

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Coding rate optimization for efficient underwater optical wireless communication

Coding rate optimization for efficient underwater optical wi...

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OCEANS

作者： Huicheol Shin Doyoung Kim Maritime ICT & Mobility Research Department Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology Busan Korea Marine Technology and Convergence Engineering University of Science and Technology Daejeon Korea

In this paper, we analyze the underwater environmental factors that determine the quality of the underwater channel and implement a Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithm to adjust the coding rate using sensor information attached to the marine surface vehicle (MSV) to improve communication performance when establishing an underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) link between the underwater sensor node located on the seabed and the MSV on the sea surface. The agent of the DRL model collects turbidity data in real-time and determines the number of repetitions of transmitted data to meet the required packet error rate (PER). To analyze the performance of the proposed algorithm, simulations were conducted in a virtual environment and a water tank, and both experiments achieved the required communication performance.

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