The objectives of Human Engineering (HE) are generally viewed as increasing human performance, reducing human error, enhancing personnel and equipment safety, and reducing training and related personnel costs. There a...
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The objectives of Human Engineering (HE) are generally viewed as increasing human performance, reducing human error, enhancing personnel and equipment safety, and reducing training and related personnel costs. There are other benefits that are thoroughly consistent with the direction of the Navy of the future, chief among these is reduction of required numbers of personnel to operate and maintain Navy ships. The Naval Research Advisory Committee (NRAC) report on Man-Machine Technology in the Navy estimated that one of the benefits from increased application of man-machine technology to Navy ship design is personnel reduction as well as improving system availability, effectiveness, and safety The objective of this paper is to discuss aspects of the human engineering design of ships and systems that affect manning requirements, and impact human-performance and safety The paper will also discuss how the application of human engineering leads to improved performance, and crew safety, and reduced workload, all of which influence manning levels. Finally, the paper presents a discussion of tools and case studies of good human engineering design practices which reduce manning.
作者：
BERG, DAVID J.JONEs, WALTER s.MARRON, HUGH W.David Berg
a native of Michigan received his Bachelor's Degree in Mechanical Engineering from the Michigan Technological University in 1951 after which he began his career with the Bureau of Ships in the Machinery Design Branch on noise shock and vibration problems. He was project engineer for the axial flow pumpjet development on USS Witek (DD848) and USS Glover (AGDE1) and received his Master of Engineering Degree in Naval Architecture in 1964 from the University of California Berkeley. Mr. Berg is currently acting head of the Ship Performance and Trials Section of the Propulsion Systems Analysis Branch in the Naval Ship Engineering Center. He received the Meritorious Civilian Service Award in 1962 for contributions to the design of the USS Thresher (SSN593) and was awarded the Superior Performance Award for Outstanding Performance in 1966. Hugh Marron
a native of Pennsylvania received his Bachelor of Science Degree in Civil Engineering from the Pennsylvania State University in 1939. Upon graduation he was employed for one year with the Pennsylvania Department of Highways as a construction engineer. In July 1940 he became a Marine Engineer at the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard where after a period of apprenticeship and special training in this new field he was assigned to the Machinery Scientific Group of the Design Division. Then in October 1945 he was transferred to the Design Division of the Bureau of Ships. Mr. Marron is now a Project Coordinator in the Propulsion Power and Auxiliary Systems Division of the Naval Ship Engineering Center. Walter S. Jones
a native of Virginia graduated from the George Washington University with a BME in June 1958. From July of that year through June 1965 he served with the Machinery Design Branch of the Bureau of Ships where he was Project Engineer for the Hydroneu-matic Ram Jet and Water jet Propulsion Systems. Mr. Jones is currently the Machinery Coordinator for the Computer Aided Ship Design Program in the Naval Ship Engineering Center.
In recent years, the COVID-19 pandemic has become one of the most crucial scientific issues in the world, and efforts to eradicate the disease are still ongoing. The acute inflammatory reaction associated with this di...
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In recent years, the COVID-19 pandemic has become one of the most crucial scientific issues in the world, and efforts to eradicate the disease are still ongoing. The acute inflammatory reaction associated with this disease is associated with several complicationssuch as cytokine storm, multiple organ damage, lung fibrosis, and blood clots. PTX3, as part of the humoral innate immune systems, is one of the acute-phase proteins that perform various functions, such as modulating inflammation, repairing tissue, and recruiting immune cells. PTX3 is increased in people with sARs-CoV-2, and its level decreases with proper treatment. Therefore, it can be regarded as a suitable marker for the prognosis of the COVID-19 and evaluating the effectiveness of the treatment method applied. However, some studies have shown that PTX3 can be a double-edged sword and develop tumors by providing an immunosuppressive environment.
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