检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

NAVAL ENGINEERs JOURNAL 1986年第2期98卷 41-52页

作者： HOPE, JP sTORTZ, VE Jan Paul Hope a native of Northern Virginia received his bachelor of science degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Virginia in 1969. Upon graduation he began his career in the Department of the Navy with the Naval Ship Systems Command in the acquisition of patrol craft mine sweepers and submarine rescue ships. In January 1971 he transferred to the ship arrangements branch of the Naval Ship Engineering Center. He was selected for the long-term training program at George Washington University in 1974 and completed the program in February 1976 with the degree of master of engineering administration. While at the Naval Ship Engineering Center Mr. Hope was general arrangement task leader on the AO-177 CG-47 CSGN CSGN (VSTOL) CGN-9 (Aegis) and CGN-42 and he also assisted in the landmark Naval Sea Systems Command civilian professional community study. In 1978 he was selected as acting head of the damage control section and subsequently was selected as acting head of the surface ship hydrodynamic section. In February 1980 he was promoted to head of the surface combatant arrangements design section. Mr. Hope was selected for the first class of the NA VSEA commander's development program. While on the program he served in the DDGX combat systems engineering division and the DDGX project office of NA VSEA was the assistant director for ship design in the office of the Assistant Secretary of the Navy for shipbuilding and logistics and was the director of weight engineering and the director of systems engineering for the DDG-51 project in NA VSEA. Upon completion of the program Mr. Hope was assigned as the deputy director of the boiler engineering division to create a new division as a major fleet support initiative by NA VSEA. In June 1985 he joined the staff of the Assistant Secretary of the Navy for shipbuilding and logistics. Mr. Hope was presented the Department of the Navy meritorious civilian service medal in June 1983 for his service with the Office of the Assistant Secretary of the

This paper discusses the need and processes for designing warships to meet cost constraints and for managing warship acquisition programs during the design phase to assure effective adherence to production cost constraints by the design team. The resource control methodology used during the contract design of the Arleigh Burke class destroyer, DDG-51, is examined as a potential model for controlling the cost while maintaining the combat effectiveness of warships. The paper begins with a summary of the basic issue — the relationship among unit cost, unit capability, force level numbers, and force capability — showing recent trends in destroyer costs and force levels. This introduction also includes a discussion of the cost constraint for the DDG-51 in relation to historical trends and ship construction funding allocation. The resource control methodology used to reduce and control costs of the DDG-51 is discussed with a summary of the approach, key concepts and tools, chronology of key events, examples, and results achieved. A number of observations on this methodology are then made which are followed by comments on life cycle costs. The paper concludes with remarks on the future application of the resource control methodology and areas for further work to improve future resource control efforts.

关键词： WARsHIPs

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

sYsTEM-75 - PHYsICAL ARCHITECTURE AND DEsIGN

引用

AT&T TECHNICAL JOURNAL 1985年第1期64卷 175-195页

作者： LOVERDE, As FRIsCH, HD LINDEMULDER, CR BAKER, D All Authors are employees of AT&T Information Systems Laboratories an entity of AT&T Information Systems Inc. Donn Baker: M.E. (Engineering) 1953 Stevens Institute of Technology Bell Laboratories Communications Development Training Program 1956 Bell Laboratories 1953–1982 AT&T Information Systems Laboratories 1983—. Howard D. Frisch: B.S.M.E. M.M.E. M.B.A. (Finance/Operations) Cornell University in 1979 1980 and 1981 respectively Bell Laboratories 1981–1983 Albert S. Loverde: B.S. (Mechanical Engineering) 1961 Purdue University M. S. (Engineering Mechanics) 1963 New York University Bell Laboratories Communications Development Training Program 1964 Bell Laboratories 1961–1982

This paper discusses the physical architecture, the rationale for design choices, and the physical design of the system 75 office communication system. The design features a single equipment cabinet housing up to 720 ports, a display-enhanced attendant console, and a modular-jack-based station-administration facility. The architecture minimizes the small system cost while providing modular building blocks for feature additions and growth. Customer participation in maintenance and administration is encouraged by attention to human factors in design and labeling details.

关键词： DIGITAL COMMUNICATION systems

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

sYsTEM-75 - COMMUNICATIONs AND CONTROL ARCHITECTURE

引用

AT&T TECHNICAL JOURNAL 1985年第1期64卷 153-173页

作者： BAXTER, LA BERKOWITZ, PR BUZZARD, CA HORENKAMP, JJ WYATT, FE AT&T Information Systems Laboratories an entity of AT&T Information Systems Inc. Donn Baker: M.E. (Engineering) 1953 Stevens Institute of Technology Bell Laboratories Communications Development Training Program 1956 Bell Laboratories 1953–1982 AT&T Information Systems Laboratories 1983—. Howard D. Frisch: B.S.M.E. M.M.E. M.B.A. (Finance/Operations) Cornell University in 1979 1980 and 1981 respectively Bell Laboratories 1981–1983 AT&T Information Systems Laboratories present affiliation Bell Communications Research Inc. C. R. Lindemulder: B.S.M.E. 1960 New Mexico State University M.M.E. 1963 New York University Bell Laboratories 1960–1982 Albert S. Loverde: B.S. (Mechanical Engineering) 1961 Purdue University M. S. (Engineering Mechanics) 1963 New York University Bell Laboratories Communications Development Training Program 1964 Bell Laboratories 1961–1982

The system 75 office communication system uses a unique communications and control architecture that provides great flexibility and a minimum of overhead for small configurations while growing smoothly to larger line sizes. A distributed communication network provides 64 kb/s connectivity for both voice and data. It consists of a pair of time division multiplexed buses and intelligent port circuits. Flexible conferencing and gain adjustment are supported as an integral part of the network. The control complex supports an operating-system-based software structure.

关键词： DIGITAL COMMUNICATION systems

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

master ORDNANCE REPAIR

引用

NAVAL ENGINEERs JOURNAL 1985年第3期97卷 47-53页

作者： CHENARD, JH USN Captain John H. Chenard:is a 1960 U.S. Naval Academy graduate and received his M.S. degree in aerospace physics in 1968. He served on seven destroyers and cruisers in weapons billets before being designated engineering duty officer in 1977. His engineering duty assignments include Terrier department officer at NSWSES from 1977 to 1980 and Spruance class combat systems engineer at Naval Sea Systems Command until 1982. Capt. Chenard developed the master ordnance repair program with support from Shipbuilders Council of America. He is currently the NAVSEA project manager for long range missile weapon systems. Capt. Chenard has been a member of the American Society of Naval Engineers (ASNE) since 1981.

The overhaul of high technology combat systems presents problems in logistics, management, and testing that increasingly challenge the way that these issues have been resolved in the past. Recognizing that a number of surface ships with complex combat systems will be overhauled by private shipyards, the Naval sea systems Command (NAVsEA) initiated the master ordnance repair (MOR) program. The objectives are to improve the quality of combat system overhauls in the private sector and to assure that this maturity keeps pace with developing technology. The MOR program is designed to identify, and qualify, those companies and private shipyards technically capable of managing combat system work and of conducting combat system testing. A team of combat system and overhaul experts from government agencies conducts on-site visits of MOR applicant facilities. The team examines aspects of the companies' capabilities, then recommends qualification, or not, to NAVsEA. This paper explains the MOR program and its implementation, discusses qualification of an applicant, identifies support problems unique to the private sector, and proposes a monitor system which will ensure program integrity.

关键词： WARsHIPs

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

AUTOMATION OF PROPELLER INsPECTION AND FINIsHING

引用

NAVAL ENGINEERs JOURNAL 1985年第4期97卷 124-131页

作者： sTERN, H METZGER, R Howard K. Stern:is presently vice president of Robotic Vision Systems Inc. He received a bachelor of electrical engineering degree from College of the City of New York in 1960. Mr. Stern joined Dynell Electronics Corporation in 1971 and became part of the Robotic Vision Systems Inc. staff at the time of its spin-off from Dynell. He was program manager of the various three-dimensional sensing and replication systems constructed by Dynell and Robotic Vision Systems. As program manager his responsibilities encompassed technical administrative and operational areas. The first two portrait sculpture studio systems and the first three replication systems built by Robotic Vision Systems Inc. were designed manufactured and operated under his direction. Before joining Dynell Mr. Stern was a senior engineer at Instrument Systems Corporation and chief engineer of the Special Products Division of General Instrument Corporation. Prior to these positions Mr. Stern was chief engineer of Edo Commercial Corporation. At General Instrument and Edo Commercial he was responsible for the design and manufacture of military and commercial avionics equipment. Mr. Stern is presently responsible for directing the systems design and development for all of the company's programs. Robert J. Metzger:is currently engineering group leader at Robotic Vision Systems Inc. He graduated summa cum laude from the Cooper Union in 1972 with a bachelor of electrical engineering degree. Under sponsorship of a National Science Foundation graduate fellowship he graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1974 with the degrees of electrical engineer and master of science (electrical engineering). In 1979 Mr. Metzger graduated from Polytechnic Institute of New York with the degree of master of science (computer science). Since 1974 Mr. Metzger has been actively engaged in the design of systems and software for noncontact threedimensional optical measurement for both military and commercial applications. Of particular note are his c

ship's propellers are currently measured by manual procedures using pitchometers, templates and gauges. This measurement process is extremely tedious, labor intensive and time consuming. In an effort to provide increased accuracy, repeatability and cost effectiveness in propeller manufacture, an automated propeller optical measurement system (APOMs) has been built which rapidly and automatically scans an entire ship's propeller using a 3-D vision sensor. This equipment is integrated with a propeller robotic automated templating system (PRATs) and the propeller optical finishing system (PROFs) which robotically template and grind the propeller to its final shape, using the APOMs-derived data for control feedback. The optical scanning and the final shape are both controlled by CAD/CAM data files describing the desired propeller shape. An automated propeller balancing system is incorporated into the PROFs equipment. The APOMs/PRATs/PROFs equipment is expected to provide lower propeller manufacturing costs.

关键词： PROPELLERs

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

RACER - A DEsIGN FOR MAINTAINABILITY

引用

NAVAL ENGINEERs JOURNAL 1985年第5期97卷 139-146页

作者： DONOVAN, MR MATTsON, Ws Michael R. Donovanis a 1974 graduate of the United States Naval Academy where he received his undergraduate degree in naval architecture. In 1975 he received a master of science degree in naval architecture and marine engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. After completing the Navy's nuclear power training program he served as machinery division officer in USSBainbridge (CGN-25) and chemistry and radiological controls assistant in USSLong Beach (CGN-9). He successfully completed the Navy's surface warfare officer qualification and passed the nuclear engineer's examination administered by Naval Reactors. He was then assigned to the Ship Design and Engineering Directorate (SEA-05) Naval Sea Systems Command as head systems engineer on the DDG-51 ship design project where he received the Navy Commendation Medal for outstanding performance. He is currently with Solar Turbines Incorporated as manager ship integration and integrated logistic support for the Rankine cycle energy recovery (RACER) system. Mr. Donovan has lectured at Virginia Polytechnic Institute teaching marine engineering and has given presentations on ship design at various symposiums and section meetings for both ASNE and SNAME. He has been a member of ASNE and SNAME since 1972 and is registered as a professional engineer in California and Virginia. Wayne S. Mattsonreceived his B.S. degree in mechanical engineering from Western New England College in 1972. Following graduation he attended Naval Officer Candidate School and was subsequently assigned as a project officer to COMOPTEVFOR where he was responsible for technical and operational test plans their execution and final equipment appraisal. Following a tour as engineering officer aboard the USSNespelen (AOG-55) he was assigned as commissioning MPA aboard the USSElliot (DD-967) the fifthSpruanceclass destroyer. For the past six years he has been employed by Solar Turbines Incorporated in program management within the advanced development department. He is currently

There is a great deal of emphasis currently in the Navy on the issues of reliability and maintainability. If a system or component is out of commission, it obviously cannot perform its mission. Thus, systems and components must be reliable, with low failure rates, and maintainable, with short repair times when the system does become inoperable. To be effective, these attributes must be incorporated into new ship systems early in the design stage. The Rankine cycle energy recovery (RACER) system is a heat recovery steam cycle designed to recover energy from the exhaust of an LM2500 gas turbine for augmentation of a ship's propulsion system. The RACER system provides several advantages to a gas turbine powered ship, one of which is improved fuel efficiency for significant annual fuel savings. This saving does not come free, however, since, in general, any additional system installed in the ship will have some maintenance requirements. In keeping with the Navy's current emphasis, a key philosophy in the design of the RACER system has been to minimize this maintenance burden. After a brief description of the RACER system and its design philosophy, the techniques being used during the design phase to minimize the maintenance burden on the fleet are presented. Trade-off studies concerning acquisition versus life-cycle costs, including fuel and maintenance costs, are discussed. Innovations incorporated into this state-of-the-art system are reviewed with an emphasis on design for affordability.

关键词： COGENERATION PLANTs

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

HOW MODULAR COMBAT systems WILL ENHANCE sUPPORT OF sURFACE COMBATANTs

引用

NAVAL ENGINEERs JOURNAL 1985年第7期97卷 53-66页

作者： BOERUM, RE BIRINDELLI, JB Robert E. Boerum is an assistant program manager for logistics in the development of combat systems interface standards. He received his BS in physics and mathematics from Monmouth College and served four years active duty as a Navy line officer after which he was a project engineer at M. Rosenblatt & Son Inc. naval architects and marine engineers where he was assigned to the patrol hydrofoil missile (PHM) acquisition program Mr. Boerum is a member of the Association of Scientists and Engineers Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers American Society of Naval Engineers Society of Logistic Engineers U.S. Naval Institute and Association of Naval Aviation. James B. Birindelli CPL is the ILS technical director for Information Network Systems Inc. Arlington Virginia. He has a BS from the U.S. Naval Academy and an MBA from Old Dominion University. His over 20 years of naval engineering and logistics experience includes afloat and ashore Navy support DD-963 and LHA class shipbuilding NAVSEA logistics support development and R&D logistics support of combat system interface standards development. Mr. Birindelli is a certified professional logistician a captain in the U.S. Naval Reserve the Washington chapter vice chairman-technical for the Society of Logistics Engineers and a member of the American Society of Naval Engineers the Naval Reserve Association and the U.S. Naval Institute.

Combat system interface standards between combat system equipment and ship hulls for surface combatants are being developed. These standards, which will produce modular combat systems, permit concurrency of ship and combat system development, outfitting of alternate combat suites on a single ship hull form without major design revisions, and ease of combat system upgrade throughout the ship life cycle. such use of modularity for combat systems and formalization of interface standards for equipment installation provide attendant opportunities for innovative integrated logistics support (ILs) of surface combatants. The impact of this concept on the various ILs elements has been studied, and this paper presents highlights of the various requirements and benefits that result. These include the requirements for ensuring access for removal engineering for transportability and handling of the modules, and development of the necessary facilities for test and installation. This paper will show how use of such interface standards and modular combat system equipment will enhance fleet support of surface combatants.

关键词： WARsHIPs

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

THE MACHINERY ALTERATION program

引用

NAVAL ENGINEERs JOURNAL 1985年第4期97卷 138-145页

作者： CIERI, AM KENNEY, LH A.M. Cieri:is the program manager for the Machinery Alteration (MachAlt) Program at the Naval Ship Systems Engineering Station (NAVSSES). Mr. Cieri also currently serves as the head Fleet Liaison Unit Atlantic at NAVSSES. He working with Mr. E.T. Kinney Deputy Director Machinery Group Ship Design and Engineering Directorate (SEA 56B) Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) conceived and structured the policy and procedures for the MachAlt Program in FY 83 as a result of a need identified by COMNAVSEA's ShipAlt Improvement Program. Mr. Cieri has been with the NAVSSES (formerly NAVSEC Philadelphia) organization since 1971. He served in the Hull and Deck Machinery Department before moving to his current staff position in 1982. His 23 years of federal service also includes nine years with the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard in various assignments in both the planning and production departments. Mr. Cieri has been a member of ASNE since 1979. Mr. Cieri was the recipient of the Joseph Cacciola Technical Achievement Award at NAVSSES in 1984. USN CDR. L.H. Kenney USN:was commissioned out of the Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps at Massachusetts Institute of Technology where he received his bachelor of science. He holds a master's degree in electrical engineering from the Naval Postgraduate School. He has served at the Philadelphia and Boston Naval Shipyards the headquarters of the Naval Sea Systems Command and its predecessor NAVSHIPS as staff officer to Commander Service Squadron Six in the Mediterranean in the USS Essex and with the Joint Military Assistance and Advisory Group Tehran. He is currently the director of Fleet Coordination Office at the Naval Ship Systems Engineering Station in Philadelphia.

The ship alteration (shipAlt) process does not lend itself to the rapid accomplishment of small scale design changes to improve equipment performance and reliability. It is a necessarily lengthy and complex system, designed to deal with very large and costly projects. With one document, it causes replacement or modification of major ship systems. For this reason, shipAlts are subjected to many reviews and design changes so that the final product will materially enhance the fleet's operational capabilities. The competition for scarce resources has left the Navy with a large number of needed design changes with no programmatic means to accomplish them. Various Navy communities have developed procedures to address this problem. This paper will show how the Naval sea systems Command-sponsored machinery alteration (MachAlt) program addresses the small design change problem for hull, mechanical and electrical (HM&E) systems. MachAlts are design changes to equipments that do not require system interface changes and may be installed outside of industrial activities. The paper will discuss how the MachAlt concept was developed and will give a status report and assessment of the program to date.

关键词： NAVAL VEssELs

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

EXTENsION AND APPLICATION OF sHIP DEsIGN OPTIMIZATION CODE (sHIPDOC)

引用

NAVAL ENGINEERs JOURNAL 1984年第3期96卷 177-190页

作者： RICHARDsON, WM WHITE, WN William M:. Richardsonhas been employed as a naval architect in the Surface Effect Ship Division of the David Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center (DTNSRDC) where he has worked since 1975 in the areas of SES structural loads estimation and optimal ship design. Upon first coming to DTNSRDC he worked in the Ship Dynamics Simulation Branch on ACV submarine and hydrofoil simulations. While at Mare Island Naval Shipyard (MINS) he was a member of the Engineering Computer Applications Branch where he was responsible for the development of algorithms and programs for the solution of naval architectural problems including ship design flooding effects and submarine overhaul scheduling. Before coming to MINS he was employed as a naval architect in the Hull Scientific Branch of the Boston Naval Shipyard's Design Division. He obtained an B.S. degree in Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering from M.I.T. and is a member of SNAME. William N:. Whiteis a senior naval architect in the Advance Vehicles Branch of the Naval Sea Systems Command where he is responsible for the design of all surface effect ships and air cushion vehicles. Previous to his current assignment he was with PMS-304 the Navy's Surface Effect Ship Project Office. There he was the manager for machinery and system integration for the 3000 ton SES acquisition program. His earliest advanced ship experience was acquired while employed by the David Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center starting in 1970. Here he worked on the Navy's hydrofoil and air cushion vehicle programs. Mr. White started his career as a student trainee at the Boston Naval Shipyard in 1961 and transferred to Mare Island Naval Shipyard in 1964 where he worked on the Navy's Polaris program. He graduated from the University of Michigan with a Master's Degree in Naval Architecture and is a member of the SNAME and ASNE.

An existing nonlinear ship design optimization program designated sHIPDOC has been extended and a new surface effect ship (sEs) description input file is being developed under the sponsorship of the Naval sea systems Command's surface ship concept formulation (CONFORM) program. sHIPDOC is currently being used in support of several feasibility and preliminary level sEs designs. The program has several novel features including an open-ended, user-created ship description and the potential to model all types of ships both enhanced and conventional, surfaced and submerged. This capability has been combined with a nonlinear optimization algorithm that solves for the minimum weight ship subject to user controlled constraints. This paper presents a brief overall description of sHIPDOC and its current capabilities followed by a synopsis of ship types, both surface and submerged, which have been designed with the program in order to illustrate sHIPDOC's practical design capability.

关键词：

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

FUTURE PROPULsION MACHINERY TECHNOLOGY FOR GAs-TURBINE POWERED FRIGATEs, DEsTROYERs, AND CRUIsERs

引用

NAVAL ENGINEERs JOURNAL 1984年第2期96卷 34-46页

作者： BAsKERVILLE, JE QUANDT, ER DONOVAN, MR USN The Authors Commander James E. Baskerville USNis presently assigned to Naval Sea Systems Command (NA VSEA) as the Ship Design Manager for the DDG 51 the Navy's next generation surface combatant. A graduate of the U.S. Naval Academy Class of 1969 he is a qualified Surface Warfare Officer and designated Engineering Duty Officer (ED). He received his M.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering and his professional degree of Ocean Engineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and holds a patent right on an Electronic Control and Response System. His naval assignments include tours in USSRamsey (FFG-2) Aide and Flag Lieutenant to the Commander Naval Electronic Systems Command and Ship Superintendent Surface Type Desk Officer and Assistant Design Superintendent at NA VSHIPYD Pearl Harbor. He was awarded the Meritorious Service Medal for distinguished performance at Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard. As an author he has contributed articles to the ASNEJournaland given presentations at local sections on ship design the use of innovative technology in ship repair and maintenance and the costs and risks associated with engineering progress. Commander Baskerville is a registered Professional Engineer in the State of Virginia an adjunct professor teaching marine engineering at Virginia Tech. and in addition to ASNE which he joined in 1975 is a member of SNAME Tau Beta Pi Sigma Xi ASME and the American Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). Dr. Earl R. Quandt:received his degree of Chemical Engineer from the University of Cincinnati in 1956 and his Ph.D. degree in Chemical Engineering from the University of Pittsburgh in 1961. He worked in the naval reactors program at the Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory from 1956 to 1963. Since that time he has been with David Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center Annapolis Maryland where he is Head of the Power Systems Division. He contributed to this paper while on a one year assignment to the U.S. Naval Academy as V

A turning point occurred in naval engineering in 1972 when the U.s. N avy chose to use marine gas turbines for the propulsion of its new sPRUANCE and PERRY Class ships. This paper reviews the more than twenty years of experience with turbine technology and its design integration into combat ships needed to make that decision. It is concluded that the availability of a good second generation aircraft derivative engine with proven reliability and a strong commercial base, i.e., the LM-2500, was as important to the decision as was the predicted improved ship effectiveness and cost benefits. This paper discusses improvements that can be made to the twin engine, single gear, single propeller shaft system. Focusing only on this mechanical transmission concept, it addresses the impact of possible improvements to the engine, gear, and shafting. In particular, the paper discusses current LM-2500 related R&D efforts to: (a) obtain improved part-power fuel rates, (b) integrate with a reversing reduction gear, and (c) add on a waste heat recovery steam cycle. Looking ahead to the year 2000, this paper suggests that a successor to the ubiquitous LM-2500 will appear in the 15 MW power range to provide the next step in the evolution of the twin engine package. This new naval engine will most likely be based on an aircraft core that exists at present, such that it will have demonstrated its reliability and commercial potential through many hours of testing prior to its mid-1990 marine conversion. This new engine is expected to offer improved air flow, an excellent fuel rate (approaching a flat 0.30 LB/HP-HR), and effective maintenance monitoring, all at some expense in size, weight, and cost. The year 2000 engine will burn a liquid hydrocarbon fuel similar to JP-5 because of its aircraft origins. Combined with advances in gear and shafting technology, the full twin engine propulsion system of the year 2000 should be markedly lighter, smaller, and more efficient than today's units.

关键词：

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：