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Impedance measurement system simulation for trapped cell model in various microwell geometries

Journal of physics: Conference Series 2019年第1期1380卷

作者： Sorawit Sanin Chupong Pakpum Nirut Pussadee Master's Degree Program in Physics Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand Program in Applied Physics Faculty of Science Maejo University Chiang Mai 50290 Thailand Plasma and Beam Physics Research Facility Department of Physics and Materials Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics Commission on Higher Education Bangkok 10400 Thailand

Single cell analysis is a measurement or detection of individual cell properties and responses. The method is of significance due to stimulated responses of any individual cell are different depending on their morphology and functionality. Therefore, detected properties from a group of cells cannot be used to represent that of the individual cell. Since cells can move freely in a microfluidic system, a trap must be added to the system to fix the cell position at the detection region for long period observation and assay. One of the most popular used cell trap in the biomedical field is a microwell array. A sensitive technique for measuring single cell properties is an impedance measurement, in which small change in electrical properties of the cell and the surrounding medium between excitation and pick-up electrodes is recorded. However, the microwell placed between two electrodes acts as an electrical insulator to reduce the signal passing through the system. This paper focuses on the effect of microwell geometry parameters generated from the design of experiments (DOE) software on detected signals using finite element simulation software. The study found that the microwell wall thickness affects the detected current signal most significantly and the optimized geometry that minimally reduces measured current signal was 20 µm height, 5 µm well thickness, and 16 µm gap size.

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Investigation on Electron Absorbed Dose in a Mixture of Natural Rubber Latex and Cross-linking Agents

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Journal of physics: Conference Series 2018年第1期1144卷

作者： P Nanthanasit P Jaikaew E Kongmon S Rimjaem Plasma and Beam Physics Research Facility Department of Physics and Materials Science Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand Master Degree Program in Physics Department of Physics and Materials Science Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand Master Degree Program in Applied Physics Department of Physics and Materials Science Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics Commission on Higher Education Bangkok 10400 Thailand Research Center in Physics and Astronomy Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand

Natural rubber vulcanization using electron beam is one of interesting applications of electron accelerators with an energy in a range of a few hundred keV to a few MeV. At the Plasma and Beam physics (PBP) Research Facility, Chiang Mai University, a 4-MeV radio-frequency (RF) linear accelerator is developed for utilizing in natural rubber vulcanization. To accelerate the vulcanization process, cross-linking agents are added in a natural rubber latex to increase the bonding probability between the chains of rubber molecules. This research used a Monte Carlo based program GEANT4 to simulate the electron absorbed dose in a mixture of natural rubber latex and cross-linking agents. The initial electron energy distributions were obtained from the beam dynamic simulation in the accelerator, which were done with program ASTRA. The initial electron beams have average energy in the range of 0.70 to 4.02 MeV at the position 6 cm prior the 50μm titanium vacuum window foil. The air gap between the vacuum window to the natural rubber latex was set at 18 cm. The electron beam transportation in the titanium foil, air gap and a mixture of natural rubber latex were simulated. The cross-linking agents that are added in the natural rubber latex are ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA) and 1,6-hexanediol-diacrylate (HDDA). Finally, electron absorbed dose distributions in both transverse direction and along the depth of the natural rubber latex mixed with each cross-linking agent were calculated and analyzed. The results from this work can be used for experimental planning of electron beam irradiation on the natural rubber latex with appropriate cross-linking agents and electron absorbed dose.

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Evaluation of Southwest Monsoon Change over Thailand by High-resolution Regional Climate Model under High RCP Emission Scenario

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Journal of physics: Conference Series 2018年第1期1144卷 012112-012112页

作者： Arpornrat, Theerapat Ratjiranukool, Sujittra Ratjiranukool, Pakpoom Sasaki, Hidekata Master’s Degree Program in Applied Physics Department of Physics and Materials Science Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand. Department of Physics and Materials Science Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand. Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology Chiang Mai Rajabhat University Chiang Mai Thailand. Meteorological Research Institute Tsukaba Japan.

The 5×5 km resolution of Non-Hydrostatic Regional Climate Model (NHRCM) developed by Meteorological Research Institute, Japan was used to evaluate the southwest monsoon season that affects to Thailand during mid-May until mid-October in each years. Bulk-type cloud microphysics, Kain-Fritsch convective scheme, Mellor-Yamada-Nakanishi-Niino level 3 PBL scheme, clear-sky radiation scheme and Hirai-Ohizumi land surface scheme are used as model configuration to simulate climate data under high emission scenario-RCP 8.5. This research was conducted for 2 time periods, i.e., baseline period (1981–2000) and future period (2080–2099), to estimate the southwest monsoon season onset and offset over Thailand by using average wind vector and cumulative precipitation in consecutive 5 days (pentad). Furthermore, the rain-break phase, less precipitation ranges during the southwest monsoon season, had also been analysed.

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Simulations and measurements of the dipole magnet using in the 4-MeV electron spectrometer

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Journal of physics: Conference Series 2018年第1期1144卷

作者： E Kongmon P Wongkummoon S Rimjaem Plasma and Beam Physics Research Facility Department of Physics and Materials Science Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand Master Degree Program in Applied Physics Department of Physics and Materials Science Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics Commission on Higher Education Bangkok 10400 Thailand Research Center in Physics and Astronomy Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand

A dipole magnet is one of important components in particle accelerators. It can be used to transport a charged particle beam with desired deflecting angle and direction. Moreover, it is often utilized as a part of an energy spectrometer. This research focuses on simulations and measurements of the dipole magnet, which will be used to measure the electron beam energy produced from the 4-MeV radio-frequency (RF) linear accelerator (linac) for natural rubber vulcanization at the PBP-CMU Electron Linac Laboratory of the Plasma and Beam physics (PBP) Research Facility in Chiang Mai University (CMU). The research activities are divided into three main parts. The first part focuses on three-dimensional (3D) simulation of the dipole magnet by using the RADIA program. The 3D field map of the magnetic field can be derived from the RADIA model. The second past is the magnetic field measurements of the magnet after the construction. The maximum magnetic field of 248.6 mT can be obtained with an excitation current of 3 A. The last part focuses on the electron beam dynamic study by using the program called ASTRA to track the particles though the 3D magnetic field distribution. The simulation data provides six-dimensional coordinates of the particles at the considered position downstream the dipole magnet. The optimal bending angle of the 4-MeV electron beam in the magnetic field of 0.22 T is 50° with an energy spread of 0.827 MeV.

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Study on Penetration of 4-MeV Electron Beam in Natural Rubber Latex

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Journal of physics: Conference Series 2018年第1期1144卷

作者： K Kosaentor P Apiwattanakul S Rimjaem Plasma and Beam Physics Research Facility Department of Physics and Materials Science Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand Master Degree Program in Applied Physics Department of Physics and Materials Science Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics Commission on Higher Education Bangkok 10400 Thailand Research Center in Physics and Astronomy Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand

Vulcanization with electron beam irradiation provides unique and high efficient processing for natural rubber latex. It is one of very interesting and effective industrial applications of particle accelerators. A radio-frequency (RF) linear accelerator (linac) and electron beam irradiation system have been developed for natural rubber vulcanization at the PBP-CMU Electron Linac Laboratory of the Plasma and Beam physics (PBP) Research Facility, Chiang Mai University (CMU). This accelerator will be able to produce electron beams with maximum energy up to about 4 MeV. In this research, we used a Monte Carlo simulation program called GEANT4 to study transportation of 4-MeV electron beam with Gaussian transverse distribution through a vacuum window, an air gap and natural rubber latex. The vacuum window is made of 50-micron titanium foil and the natural rubber was placed 18 cm downstream the foil exit. Simulations of electron depth dose and transverse distribution in these media were conducted. In addition, calculation on the irradiation throughput was performed. The study results revealed that for the electron beam with Gaussian transverse distribution and an average energy of 4.06 MeV, the irradiation area should be 2.8 mm×2.8 mm with the depth of 8 mm. With this condition, the irradiation time of 0.02 second will provide the dose of at least 50 kGy per irradiated point, which is enough for the rubber vulcanization process. The overall irradiation throughput rate is 6.865 kg/hr.

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Developing a prototype concurrent design tool for composite topside structures

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 279-290页

作者： Dirlik, S Hambric, S Azarm, S Marquardt, M Hellman, A Bartlett, S Castelli, V Steve Dirlik:began his career at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division in 1981 as an aerospace engineer co-op student. He completed his bachelor of science degree in aeropace and ocean engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1985 and his master of science degree in aerospace engineering from the University of Maryland in 1990. Mr. Dirlik recently completed a master of science program in applied physics at The Johns Hopins University and currently works in the Radar Cross Section and Target Physics Branch of the Signatures Directorate at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Corderoke Division. He has worked on Navy low observable programs since 1990. Stephen Hambric:is a research associate at the Applied Research Laboratory at The Pennsylvania State University. He received his B. S. and M.S. degree in mechanical engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and his D. Sc. in mechnical engineering from the George Washington University. He has worked on several computer aided multidiscikplinary design and optimization projects over the years including an automated propeller design system and a structural acoustic optimization capability. Dr. Shpour Azarm:is currently working as an associate professor with the Design and Manufacturing Group of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of maryland at College Park. Dr Azarm's expertise is in the areas of optimization-based designed and concurrent design and optimization of multidisciplinary systems. He was a consultant at Black & Decker Corporation (summer 1996) and worked as a Navy senior summer faculty fellow (summer 1995) and a NASA summer faculty fellow (summer 1994). He was a visiting scientist at NASA Langley Research Center for Multidisciplinary Analysis and Applied Structural Optimzatiom at the University of Siegen in Germany (spring 1992) and the Design Institute of the Technical University of Denmark (summer 1990). Dr Azarm was an associate technical editor of the ASME Jour

A prototype concurrent engineering tool has been developed for the preliminary design of composite topside structures for modern navy warships. This tool, named GELS for the Concurrent Engineering of Layered Structures, provides designers with an immediate assessment of the impacts of their decisions on several disciplines which are important to the performance of a modern naval topside structure, including electromagnetic interference effects (EMI), radar cross section (RCS), structural integrity, cost, and weight. Preliminary analysis modules in each of these disciplines are integrated to operate from a common set of design variables and a common materials database. Performance in each discipline and an overall fitness function for the concept are then evaluated. A graphical user interface (GUI) is used to define requirements and to display the results from the technical analysis modules. Optimization techniques, including feasible sequential quadratic programming (FSQP) and exhaustive search are used to modify the design variables to satisfy all requirements simultaneously. The development of this tool, the technical modules, and their integration are discussed noting the decisions and compromises required to develop and integrate the modules into a prototype conceptual design tool.

关键词： Warships

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Operational systems, logistics engineering and technology insertion

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 205-220页

作者： Grubb, MJ Skolnick, A Michael J. Grubb:has perfomzed naval engineering at the Crane Division Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC) for more than twenty-five years. He currently the program manager for the Sustainable Hardware and Affordable Readiness Practice Program (SHARP). is a Navy-wide logistics research and development prgram aimed at the successful transiton of proved technologies inot the fleet. SHARP focuses on reducing acquisition performance capability reliability maintainability and readiness of these systems. Mr. Grubb has served as a department director for the past eleven years. His most recent assignment was as director of the Tactical Computer Resources and Test Equipment Department. This organization provided acquisition and in-service engineering support of the Navy's tectical embedded computers priphirals displays and mass memory storage devices. The organization also provided a complete range of product engineering and metrology engineerig services for SSP NevSeaSysCom and the Trident Program. Prior to this appointment Mr. Grubb was deptuy director psysical security programs department and site responsible for program management and system integration of ashore integrated security systems. Mr. Grubb holds a B.S. degree in industrial engineering from Iowa State Universtiy an M.S. degree in industrial engineering from Purdue University and has copleted the course work (Dec.'96 for a master's degree in public and environment affairs at Indiana University-Purdue Univeristy Indianapolis. Dr. Alfred Skolnick operates System Science Consultants (SSC) specilizing in strategic planning technical program definiton technology assessment and engineering analyses on selected matters of national interest. He has taught physics mathematics and management sciences at University of Virginia and Marymount University and is currently adjunct professor of mathematics at Northern Virginia Community College. Form 1985 to 1989 he was president of the American Society of Noval Engineers. Dr. Skolnick served at Applied Physic

In an era of fiscal austerity, downsizing and unforgiving pressure upon human and economic capital, it is an Augean task to identify resources for fresh and creative work. The realities of the day and the practical demands of more immediate fleet needs can often dictate higher priorities. Yet, the Navy must avoid eating its seed corn. Exercising both technical insight and management foresight, the fleet, the R&D community, the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations (OpNav) and the product engineering expertise of the Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC) are joined and underway with integrated efforts to marry new, fully demonstrated technologies and operational urgencies. Defense funding today cannot sponsor all work that can be mission-justified over the long term because budgets are insufficient to support product maturation within the classical development cycle. However, by rigorous technical filtering and astute engineering of both marketplace capabilities and currently available components, it is possible in a few select cases to compress and, in effect, integrate advanced development (6.3), engineering development (6.4), weapon procurement (WPN), ship construction (SCN), operation and maintenance (O&M,N) budgetary categories when fleet criticalities and technology opportunities can happily meet. In short, 6.3 funds can be applied directly to ''ripe gateways'' so modern technology is inserted into existing troubled or aging systems, sidestepping the lengthy, traditional development cycle and accelerating practical payoffs to recurrent fleet problems. To produce such constructive results has required a remarkable convergence of sponsor prescience and engineering workforce excellence. The paper describes, extensively, the philosophy of approach, transition strategy, polling of fleet needs, technology assessment, and management team requirements. The process for culling and selecting specific candidate tasks for SHARP sponsorship (matching operational need with t

关键词： Naval vessels

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Degradation mechanism of contact resistance during window formation

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ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS IN JAPAN PART II-ELECTRONICS 1996年第1期79卷 93-100页

作者： Sekine, M Kakuhara, Y Kikkawa, T Nonmember NEC ULSI Device Development Laboratory Sagamihara Japan 229 Graduated in 1985 from Department of Metal Materials Osaka University where he received his Master's degree in 1988. He joined NEC in 1988. Graduated in 1984 from the Department of Electrical Engineering Aoyama Gakuin University and she received her Master's degree from Shinshu University in 1986. She joined NEC in 1986. She is a member of the Applied Physics Society. Graduated in 1974 from the Department of Electrical Engineering Shizuoka University where he received his Master's degree in 1976. He received his Ph.D. degree from Tokai University. He joined NEC in 1976. He is engaged in research and development of semiconductor LSI device and process. He was a Visiting Researcher at MIT from 1983 to 1984. He is currently a director of multilayer wire formation program ULSI Device Development Institute. He is a member of IEEE ICS and Applied Physics Society.

This paper describes a contact degradation mechanism during window formation followed by selective tungsten chemical vapor deposition (W-CVD). Contact resistances by using selective W-CVD were increased as the overetching rate increased. Surface analysis made it clear that the Si surface at the bottom of contact was damaged and oxygen atoms from dielectrics were introduced during window etching. These damage and oxygen atoms break Si-Si bonds and make Si-O bonds after additional ion implantation. The Si-O bonds degrade the valence-band density of states of the Si surface. Such a damaged surface will not react with WF6. This inactivation is the reason for contact degradation. Controlling the Si surface state by using the chemical dry etching (CDE) technique solves this problem.

关键词： selective W-CVD contact chemical dry etch

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The analysis of polarization-insensitive characteristics for semiconductor optical amplifiers with tensile strained multiple quantum wells

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ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS IN JAPAN PART II-ELECTRONICS 1996年第6期79卷 103-112页

作者： Takaya, H Kambayashi, T Faculty of Engineering Nagaoka University of Technology Nagaoka Japan 940–21 Received his B.S. degree from Nagaoka University of Technology in 1993. In 1995 he entered the Master's program at the University. Received his B.S. degree from Yamanashi University in 1972 and his Ph.D. degree from Tokyo Institute of Technology in 1977. In the same year he became a Research Associate at the Tokyo Institute of Technology. In 1979 he became an Associate Professor at Nagaoka University of Technology the position he holds currently. Between 1981 and 1983 he was a Visiting Researcher at Bath University. He has been engaged in research on optical waveguides opto-integrated circuits optical amplifiers and quantum well devices. He is a member of IEEE and the Japan Applied Physics Society.

In this paper, the aims of our study are to analyze the gain of semiconductor optical amplifiers with tensile strained multiple quantum wells and to examine the structure for polarization-insensitive characteristics for the purpose of showing the design guidelines. Since lasers with conventional lattice-matched multiple quantum wells have large optical confinement coefficient and large gain coefficient for TE mode, they are not polarization insensitive. Since the modal gain is the product of the optical confinement coefficient and the gain coefficient, the elimination of polarization sensitivity requires increasing the gain coefficient for the TM mode by applying the tensile strain to the well layer in order to compensate for the difference in the optical confinement factor. Assuming a multiple quantum well structure, the analysis obtains the strain distribution over the structure and an envelope function of the wave function and calculates the gain using a density matrix method by electron relaxation effect. It includes the band mixing effect of valence bands. As a result, a structure with little modal gain difference over a wide range at 1.55-mu m wavelength has been designed. Also, as a result of examining the effect of deviation from the designed values, it has been found that the variation in the material composition (amount of strain) has a larger effect on the modal gain difference than the variation in the quantum well thickness.

关键词： semiconductor optical amplifier tensile strained multiple quantum wells polarization-insensitive gain laser gain

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Characteristics and growth processes of a surface oxidized layer formed on Al-Y alloy films

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ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS IN JAPAN PART II-ELECTRONICS 1996年第9期79卷 78-87页

作者： Takeyama, M Noya, A Murakami, Y Sasaki, K Faculty of Engineering Kitami Institute of Technology Kitami Japan 090 Education: Kitami Institute of Technology B.S. 1991. Academic appointments: Kitami Institute of Technology faculty member 1991 research associate 1993. Research interest: thin films for use in electronics. Membership: Applied Physics Society of Japan. Education: Muroran Institute of Technology B.S. 1974 Hokkaido University D.Eng. 1980. Academic appointments: Kitami Institute of Technology research associate (1980) lecturer (1990) associate professor (1991) professor (1994). Research interests: thin films especially in electronics and their evaluation. Membership: Applied Physics Society of Japan. Education: Kitami University of Technology B.S. 1994 master's degree in progress. Research interest: thin-film materials for electronics. Membership: Applied Physics Society of Japan. Education: Hokkaido University B.S. 1967 Hokkaido Institute of Electrical Engineering graduate program D.Eng. Academic appointments: Kitami Institute of Technology lecturer (1975) associate professor (1979) professor (1990). Research interests: thin-film materials for electronics electronic properties of materials LSI thin-film technology. Memberships: Applied Physics Society of Japan Japan Chemical Society.

The formation process as well as the characteristics of a surface oxidized layer formed on Al-Y alloy films are examined. Al in the alloy forms a thin Al2O3 layer due to more oxidation Pt the alloy surface. In an alloy of Al-rich composition, if the Al2O3 surface layer (which is comparable to that formed on pure Al) is formed, the layer maintains its ability to be a self-passivating oxide layer. In those alloys that form an unduly thin Al2O3 surface layer, introduction of oxygen from the ambient environment cannot be curtailed. As a result, oxidation proceeds and the formation of Y2O3 and reduced Al is observed within the oxide layer. In the oxidized layer, the oxidation state of the lesser amount of oxide is affected by that of the greater amount oxide;this reflects a shift in binding energy of the XPS spectra for the minor element. It is shown that the formation process of the alloy is dominated by the differences of ionization potential, an element affinity, formation heat, a diffusing species and the transport behavior of cations and/or anions.

关键词： Al-Y alloy films self-passivating oxide layer XPS spectra

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