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Synergetic effects of multiple junction and surface hydroxyl in Cu/CuO/Cu2O/TiO2 heterostructures towards highly efficient photocatalysts for hydrogen generation

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materials Science for Energy Technologies 2025年 8卷 131-142页

作者： Subagyo, Riki Anindika, Garcelina Rizky Aufkani, Afif Akmal Zhang, Lei Ardhyananta, Hosta Burhan, R.Y. Perry Nugraheni, Zjahra Vianita Akhlus, Syafsir Bahruji, Hasliza Prasetyoko, Didik Wellia, Diana Vanda Ivansyah, Atthar Luqman Arramel Kusumawati, Yuly Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Analytic Data Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya60111 Indonesia Center of Excellence Applied Physics and Chemistry Nano Center Indonesia Jl PUSPIPTEK South Tangerang Banten15314 Indonesia Department of Physics National University of Singapore Singapore117551 Singapore Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Faculty of Industrial Technology and Systems Engineering Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya60111 Indonesia Centre of Advanced Material and Energy Science Universiti Brunei Darussalam Jalan Tungku Link BE 1410 Brunei Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Andalas Padang25163 Indonesia Master Program in Computational Science Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesha No. 10 Bandung40132 Indonesia Instrumentation and Computational Physics Research Group Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesha No.10 West Java Bandung40132 Indonesia

The implementation of titanium dioxide (TiO2) as a photocatalyst material in hydrogen (H2) evolution reaction (HER) has embarked renewed interest in the past decade. Rapid electron-hole pairs recombination and wide band gap of a photo-sensitive material of TiO2 are detrimental toward the targeted catalytical reaction. In this study, we present the rational design, fabrication, photocatalytic performance of TiO2-Cu/CuO/Cu2O heterostructures (CuTi) using viable chemical reduction method. The Z-scheme and S-scheme are succesfully generated across the TiO2/CuO/Cu2O interfaces, while the Schottky junction arises on the Cu perimeters. This is evidenced from the blue shifted about 0.3 eV of Cu 2p core level determined by using X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), in combination with the formation of inverse V-shape of the Mott-Schottky plots. In addition, we find that Cu/CuO/Cu2O facilitates photon absorption range up to the visible region. The multiple heterojunction and the large number of OHsurface enhanced charge carrier transfer are associated to the suppression of photoluminescence (PL) intensity, high surface hydroxyl (OHsurface) density in CuTi probed by XPS, and fast electron transfer based on the electrochemical measurements. The presence of OHsurface inhibits the recombination of electron. A significant H2 photogeneration rate enhancement is achieved when an optimized 5 wt% Cu/CuO/Cu2O concentration is used on TiO2 to achieve 7,157.19 μmol·g−1 (1,789.30 μmol·g−1·h−1). Based on this finding, zero emission energy innitiative could be materialized under multiple heterojunctions in photocatalytic process is beneficial for enhancing the H2 production. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Titanium dioxide

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Optimizing dispersion of torrefied spent coffee grounds for enhanced biochar-EVA composite properties through sodium percarbonate-assisted treatment

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Journal of Industrial and engineering Chemistry 2025年

作者： Lee, Kuan-Ting Gabriela, Situmorang Chen, Wei-Hsin Rajendran, Saravanan Selvarajoo, Anurita Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Tunghai University Taichung407 Taiwan International Master Degree Program on Energy Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy Tunghai University Taichung407 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung411 Taiwan Instituto de Alta Investigación Universidad de Tarapacá Arica1000000 Chile Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Nottingham Malaysia

This study aims to optimize biochar by combining 10 % sodium percarbonate with 90 % spent coffee grounds and torrefying at 300 °C for 30 min. Biochar enhances black color dispersion in a composite when blending the optimal biochar and ethylene vinyl acetate. The maximum carbon content of the optimal biochar is 59.97 %, exhibiting similar dispersion, packing density, pore size, and contact angle to carbon black. The optimal biochar's specific surface area and total pore volume are 7.12 m2·g−1 and 0.0018 cm3·g−1, respectively, 2.9 times and 1.2 times that of untreated torrefied spent coffee grounds with SP treated. The mechanical properties of the composite, which is blended with 15 wt% of the optimal biochar to ethylene vinyl acetate through trade-off analysis, indicate a tensile strength and Young's modulus of 1.03 MPa and 9.69 MPa, respectively. As the amount of blended optimal biochar increases, the tensile strength decreases while Young's modulus increases. Compared with a composite blended with the same 15 wt% of carbon black, the tensile strength and Young's modulus are 0.77 MPa and 9.55 MPa, respectively. In conclusion, the optimal biochar is a potential alternative material that could replace carbon black. This finding aligns with the developmental direction of achieving negative carbon emissions, promoting a circular economy and valorizing waste. © 2025 The Korean Society of Industrial and engineering Chemistry

关键词： Tensile strength

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Natural Alkaloids (Caffeine, Theobromine and Theophylline) as Dielectric Capping Layers for Gold and Aluminum Gate Electrodes in Low Operating Voltage Organic Field-Effect Transistors

IEEE Journal on Flexible Electronics

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IEEE Journal on Flexible Electronics 2025年

作者： Irimia, Cristian Vlad Yumusak, Cigdem Ban, Boyuan Leeb, Elisabeth Mayr, Felix Schimanofsky, Corina Mardare, Andrei Ionut Molnar, Maximilian Alexander Teichert, Christian Sariciftci, Niyazi Serdar Irimia-Vladu, Mihai Institute of Physical Chemistry Altenberger Str. 69 Linz4040 Austria Graz University of Technology in Graz Master of Science student in Advanced Materials Science program Austria Montanuniversität Leoben Chair of Physics Department of Physics Mechanics and Electrical Engineering Franz Josef Str. 18 Leoben8700 Austria Key Lab of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials Institute of Solid-State Physics Hefei Institute of Physical Science Hefei230031 China Altenberger Str. 69 Linz4040 Austria National Institute for Lasers Plasma and Radiation Physics Magurele077125 Romania

Three natural alkaloids: caffeine, theobromine and theophylline are reported for their application as dielectric layers in organic field effect transistors (OFETs) utilizing both gold and aluminum gate electrodes. After careful purification of the materials, a detailed analysis using x-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), contact angle (CA), impedance spectroscopy, amplitude modulated kelvin probe force microscope (AM-KPFM) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) is performed. OFET devices operating at typical voltages between 2 and 4 V have been fabricated with the investigated alkaloid films processed via blade coating (caffeine) or vacuum processing (theobromine and theophylline). The dielectric properties of these three alkaloids are measured in impedance spectroscopy and negligible leakage currents are observed when deposited in thin films as dielectric layers in OFETs on aluminum electrodes. There is a high tendency of these molecules to crystallize and form uneven surfaces. When the thin film forming properties are carefully controlled, organic alkaloids can be employed in applications involving implantable, transient or even edible electronics. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

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Changes in fluoride removal ability of chicken bone char with changes in calcination time

International Journal of Ceramic Engineering and Science

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International Journal of Ceramic engineering and Science 2020年第2期2卷 83-91页

作者： Kikuchi, Masanori Arioka, Yuki Tafu, Masamoto Irie, Mitsuteru Bioceramics Group National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba Japan Master's Program in Life Science Innovation University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Toyama College National Institute of Technology Toyama Japan Faculty of Engineering University of Miyazaki Miyazaki Japan

Changes in fluoride removal ability of chicken bone char (CBC) were investigated by both remained amounts of carbon including organic substances and crystallite size of hydroxyapatite in the CBC. Carbon contents in CBC were controlled by heating time at 600°C. Although temperature for crystal-grain growth for HAp, 650°C, was higher than 600°C, crystallite size of HAp in CBC increased with heating time. Fluoride ion removal ability positively related to the amount of remaining carbon and negatively related to the square of crystallite size, as an index of surface area, of HAp. These results suggested that fluoride ion removal from water by CBC is not only by ion exchange and/or dissolution-precipitation process, but also by adsorption by carbon and/or temporal capture of fluoride ion by microstructure of carbonate in CBC before immobilize it in apatite structure. © 2019 The Authors. International Journal of Ceramic engineering & Science published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Ceramic Society.

关键词： Crystallite size

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Study on the Increase of Comfort in Ten Fashion Summer Tops Made of Four Kinds of Textiles

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Research Journal of Textile and Apparel 2014年第2期18卷 56-64页

作者： Chang, Yi-Ching Lee, Kuei-Chi Miao, Mei-Fen Yu, Huei-Jen Department of Fashion Design Shih Chien University Taiwan Department of Textile Engineering Chinese Culture University Taiwan Department of Textile Engineering Chinese Culture University China Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering and Master Program of Nanomaterials Chinese Culture University China

In response to the increasing demands for energy saving and carbon reduction under current global trends, we apply 10 fashion summer tops from Paris and New York made of cotton and CVC fabrics, fabric that has moisture transferring and sweat expulsion abilities, and fabric with moisture transferring and sweat expulsion properties that also imparts a cooling sensation in this study. Furthermore, by analyzing the activity of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves which are measured by a heartbeat variability analyzer, we have obtained the relative comfort results in both the dynamic and static modes while the tested subject is wearing garments made from the 4 types of fabrics. We have tried to bring out the relationship between summer fashion style, fabric type and comfort. The test results indicate that the fabric with moisture transferring and sweat expulsion abilities can greatly increase the comfort of the garment and the comfort will be further increased if the fabric adds nano mineral-powder that imparts a cooling sensation for further moisture transferring and sweat expulsion. Finally, less coverage and stress on the top part (neck, shoulders and upper back) of the human body can reduce induced pressure and increase the relative comfort. © 2014 Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

关键词： Comfort Cooling Sensation Moisture Transfer Sympathetic Nerves

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Enhanced cycling stability of SiO,/Si/nickel foam thin film anodes for lithium ion batteries 233

Enhanced cycling stability of SiO,/Si/nickel foam thin film ...

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233rd Meeting of the Electrochemical Society

作者： Chili, K.-F. Leub, H.-J. Li, K.-C. Department of Materials Science and Engineering Feng Chia University 100 Wen Hwa Road Taichung407 Taiwan Master's Program of Green Energy Science and Technology Feng Chia University Taichung407 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781510866171

Silicon has been known as the next generation anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its high theoretical specific capacity (4200 mA h g'1). However silicon anodes face the challenge of large volume change over 400 % during lithiation/delithiation cycles, leading to the pulverization of the silicon based electrodes. In this study, radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering is used to deposit amorphous silicon thin films on nickel foam current collectors. This flexible three-dimensional structure is found to relieve stress caused by the volume expansion. Furthermore, SiO, is coated on the previously fabricated silicon anodes as a buffer layer. The oxygen contents and the thickness of the SiO, are controlled by depositing under different Ar/02 ratios, and depositing times. The electrochemical behaviors of the SiO,/Si/nickel foam electrodes toward lithium are studied. It is found that the SiO,/Si/nickel foam electrodes with optimized oxygen contents and thickness of SiO, films exhibit high cycling stability and coulombic efficiency. The results are attributed to the stress relaxation effect provided by the flexible nickel foams and the SiO, buffer layers. © 2018 Electrochemical Society Inc. All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Silicon oxides

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Decentralized Learning with Virtual Patients for Medical Diagnosis of Diabetes

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SN Computer Science 2021年第4期2卷 239页

作者： Takahashi, Yuta Chang, Han-ten Nakai, Akie Kagawa, Rina Ando, Hiroyasu Imakura, Akira Okada, Yukihiko Tsurushima, Hideo Suzuki, Kenji Sakurai, Tetsuya Faculty of Engineering Information and Systems University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan Center for Artificial Intelligence Research University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan Master’s Program in Service Engineering University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai Japan

Machine learning, applied to medical data, can uncover new knowledge and support medical practices. However, analyzing medical data by machine learning methods presents a trade-off between accuracy and privacy. To overcome the trade-off, we apply the data collaboration analysis method to medical data. This method using artificial dummy data enables analysis to compare distributed information without using the original data. The purpose of our experiment is to identify patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM), using 29,802 instances of real data obtained from the University of Tsukuba Hospital between 01/03/2013 and 30/09/2018. The whole data is divided into a number of datasets to simulate different hospitals. We propose the following improvements for the data collaboration analysis. (1) Making the dummy data which has a reality and (2) using non-linear reconverting functions into the comparable space. Both can be realized using the generative adversarial network (GAN) and Node2Vec, respectively. The improvement effects of dummy data with GAN scores more than 10% over the effects of dummy data with random numbers. Furthermore, the improvement effect of the re-conversion by Node2Vec with GAN anchor data scores about 20% higher than the linear method with random dummy data. Our results reveal that the data collaboration method with appropriate modifications, depending on data type, improves analysis performance. © 2021, The Author(s).

关键词： Data collaboration Generative adversarial network Machine learning Medical data

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Electroplating of ZnO Influenced by the Concentration of Aluminum Nitrate in the Bath

Electroplating of ZnO Influenced by the Concentration of Alu...

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2016 International Conference on materials Science and Nanotechnology

作者： Jing-Chie Lin Amrita Choudhury Yao-Tien Tsneg Kun-Cheng Peng Institute of Materials Science and Engineering “Central University” International Master Degree Program in Applied Materials Science “Central University” Department of Materials Science and Engineering Mingchi University of Technology

Electrochemical deposition of Al-doped ZnO（AZO） on the ITO glass was investigated in baths containing various concentrations of aluminum nitrate. The electrochemical and chemical reactions can be deduced by means of investigating cathodic polarization curves and time/electroplating-current curves for further characterizing structures of ZnO and AZO, and establishing growth mechanism. High-quality AZO nanorods, depositing on ITO substrate that coated with ZnO seed-layer, were utilized the electrochemical method at-1.0 V（against a reference electrode of Ag/AgC l in 3.0 M KCl） in the bath of 90 °C. After annealing at 350 °C, ZnO and AZO nanorods were analyzed by field-emission scanning electron microscope（FESEM） to explore the morphology of nanostructure. The SEM image displayed that the lower Al concentrations（20 ~ 60 μM） in the bath, the average diameter of nanorods decreased;while the Al concentrations excessed over 60 μM, the morphology of the AZO nanorods turned into partial-area nanosheets instead of the nanorods spread. The crystal structure of the AZO nanorods were identified by using grazing-incident X-ray diffraction（GIXRD）. The patterns of the Al ions in the range of 20 ~ 60 μM in the bath showed that the preferred orientations were along with the [002] direction which confirmed the result of AZO nanorods well aligned in c-axis orientation, and the characterized peak（002） slightly shifted to the right suggested that Al atoms had doped into the ZnO lattice. We also adopted the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to characterize the elemental and chemical compositions of the AZO nanorods. XPS spectrums confirmed that the Al atoms successfully doped. Finally, for identifying the optimal boundary condition of Al content in ZnO, the nanorods with various Al concentrations were utilized via dye-sensitized solar cells（DSSC） experiment with the standard solar Simulators（AM1.5 G） and J-V Measurement. We found that the AZO nanorods as the photoanode contained 2.84 at.% A

关键词： Al-doped ZnO electrochemical deposition Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells aluminum concentration X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

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Preparation of LFP-based cathode materials for lithium-ion battery applications

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materials Today: Proceedings 2022年 65卷 2347-2350页

作者： Suttison, Suchanat Pengpat, Kamonpan Intatha, Uraiwan Fan, Jinchen Zhang, Wei Eitssayeam, Sukum Master's Degree Program in Materials Science Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand Graduate School Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand Department of Physics and Materials Science Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Thailand Center of Innovative Materials for Sustainability School of Science Mae Fah Luang University Chiang Rai 57100 Thailand School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 China Department of Engineering Mechanics Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China

Lithium-ion batteries (LIB) have developed into the mainstream power source of energy storage devices due to their advantages: high power density, high power, long service life, and less pollution. This materials development for LFP batteries was considered successful in synthesizing powder. Here we show that three synthesis conditions were performed. LFP doped NiO, NMC, and (NH4)2HPO4 were synthesized by the nitrogen gas flow method. LFP-doped NiO was burned at 600 °C and 700 °C for five h. NMC doped with LFP burned at 550 °C for five h, and NMC-doped LFP and (NH4)2HPO4 were burned at 550 °C and 600 °C for five h. The structure and morphology of the material were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). © 2022

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries

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Titanium oxynitride thin films as high-capacity and high-rate anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

Titanium oxynitride thin films as high-capacity and high-rat...

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作者： Chiu, Kuo-Feng Su, Shih-Hsuan Leu, Hoang-Jyh Hsia, Chen-Hsien Department of Materials Science and Engineering Feng Chia University 100 Wenhwa Rd. Taichung40724 Taiwan Master's Program of Green Energy Science and Technology Feng Chia University 100 Wenhwa Rd. Taichung40724 Taiwan

Titanium oxynitride (TiOxNy) was synthesized by reactive magnetron sputtering in a mixed N2/O2/Ar gas at ambient temperature. TiOxNy thin films with various amounts of nitrogen contents were deposited by varying the N2/O2 ratios in the background gas. The synthesized TiOxNy films with different compositions (TiO1.837N0.060, TiO1.890N0.068, TiO1.865N0.073, and TiO1.882N0.163) all displayed anatase phase, except TiO1.882N0.163. The impedances and grain sizes showed obvious variations with the nitrogen contents. A wide potential window from 3.0 V to 0.05 V, high-rate charge-discharge testing, and long cycle testing were applied to investigate the performances of synthesized TiOxNy and pure TiO2 as anodes for lithium-ion batteries. These TiOxNy anodes can be cycled under high rates of 125 μA/cm2 (10 °C) because of the lower charge-transfer resistance compared with the TiO2 anode. At 10 °C the discharge capacity of the optimal TiOxNy composition is 1.5 times higher than that of pure TiO2. An unexpectedly large reversible capacity of ~ 300 μAh/cm2 μm (~ 800 mAh/g) between 1.0 V and 0.05 V was recorded for the TiOxNy anodes. The TiOxNy anode was cycled (3.0 V to 0.05 V) at 10 °C over 300 times without capacity fading while delivering a capacity of ~ 150 μAh/cm2 μm (~ 400 mAh/g). © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Thin films

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