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Navigating crowds: Reconsidering visitor recreational experience and crowding preference for a forest park in Taiwan

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Forest Policy and Economics 2025年 178卷

作者： Wan-Yu Liu Chin-Chun Yen Rachel S.K. Lee Chun-Cheng Lin Department of Forestry National Chung Hsing University Taichung402 Taiwan Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture National Chung Hsing University Taichung402 Taiwan Department of Industrial Engineering and Management National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu300 Taiwan International Master Program of Smart Manufacturing and Applied Information Science National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung411 Taiwan

As forest recreational activities gain popularity, the potential for crowding and activity-based conflicts to diminish sustainable recreational quality becomes a critical concern. Consequently, it is vital to understand the factors shaping recreational preferences and conflict perceptions in natural settings. This study selected Xitou Nature Education Area, Taiwan's most frequented forest park, as a case study to investigate complex relationships among visitor demographics, crowding perceptions, and recreational behaviors. Using a questionnaire and choice experiment, the study explored perceptions of crowding and recreational conflicts within Xitou, alongside visitors' willingness to travel further to avoid crowded conditions. The analysis showed that visitor preferences differed significantly across socioeconomic groups, with age playing a substantial role in shaping motivations and behaviors. While overall perceptions of crowding were moderate, visitors aged 65 and older demonstrated notable tolerance for crowds. Despite the park's high visitation, the incidence of recreational conflict was relatively low, with primary disturbances attributed to visitors resting in various locations, park staff, and group game participants. Contrary to expectations, visitors did not exhibit strong willingness to pay to avoid crowding. Instead, results surprisingly suggested a slight preference for increased social interaction within the park, challenging the general assumption that crowding is always viewed negatively. Drawing from visitor perceptions of overcrowding, we propose enhanced regulations and stricter monitoring for designated resting and picnicking areas to elevate the forest recreation experience. Crucially, this study highlights that effective park management must acknowledge and cater to diverse visitor motivations, whether they seek physical activity, social engagement, or solitude.

关键词： Sociology

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Joint Observation of the Galactic Center with MAGIC and CTA-LST-1 38

Joint Observation of the Galactic Center with MAGIC and CTA-...

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38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023

作者： Abe, Shotaro Berti, Alessio Di Pierro, Federico López-Coto, Rubén Moralejo, Abelardo Ohtani, Yoshiki Sitarek, Julian Strzys, Marcel Suda, Yusuke Vovk, Ievgen Abe, H. Abe, K. Abe, S. Abhir, J. Acciari, V.A. Aguasca-Cabot, A. Agudo, I. Alvarez Crespo, N. Aniello, T. Ansoldi, S. Antonelli, L.A. Aramo, C. Arbet-Engels, A. Cornelia, A. Artero, M. Asano, K. Aubert, P. Baack, D. Babić, A. Baktash, A. Bamba, A. Baquero Larriva, A. Baroncelli, L. Barres de Almeida, U. Barrio, J.A. Batkovic, I. Baxter, J. Becerra González, J. Bednarek, W. Bernardini, E. Bernardos, M.I. Bernete Medrano, J. Berti, A. Besenrieder, J. Bhattacharjee, P. Biederbeck, N. Bigongiari, C. Biland, A. Bissaldi, E. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bordas, P. Bošnjak, Ž. Bulgarelli, A. Burelli, I. Burmistrov, L. Buscemi, M. Busetto, G. Campoy-Ordaz, A. Cardillo, M. Caroff, S. Carosi, A. Carosi, R. Carrasco, M.S. Carretero-Castrillo, M. Cassol, F. Castro-Tirado, A.J. Cauz, D. Cerasole, D. Ceribella, G. Chai, Y. Cheng, K. Chiavassa, A. Chikawa, M. Chilingarian, A. Chytka, L. Cifuentes, A. Cikota, S. Colombo, E. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Costantini, H. Covino, S. D’Amico, G. Dalchenko, M. D’Elia, V. Da Vela, P. Dazzi, F. De Angelis, A. de Bony de Lavergne, M. De Lotto, B. De Lucia, M. de Menezes, R. Del Peral, L. Deleglise, G. Delfino, M. Delgado, C. Delgado Mengual, J. della Volpe, D. Dellaiera, M. Del Popolo, A. Depaoli, D. Di Piano, A. Di Pierro, F. Di Pilato, A. Di Tria, R. Di Venere, L. Díaz, C. Dominik, R.M. Dominis Prester, D. Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Eisenberger, L. Elsässer, D. Emery, G. Escudero, J. Fallah Ramazani, V. Fariña, L. Fattorini, A. Ferrara, G. Ferrarotto, F. Fiasson, A. Foffano, L. Font, L. Freixas Coromina, L. Fröse, S. Fukami, S. Fukazawa, Y. Garcia, E. Garcia López, R. Garczarczyk, M. Gasbarra, C. Gasparrini, D. Gasparyan, S. Gaug, M. Geyer, D. Giesbrecht Paiva, J. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Godinovic, N. Grau, R. Green, J. Green, D. Gunji, S. Günther, P. Hackfeld, J. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Institute for Cosmic Ray Research Kashiwa-no-ha 5-1-5 Kashiwa-shi Chiba Japan Max-Planck-Institut für Physik Föhringer Ring 6 München80805 Germany INFN Sezione di Torino Via P. Giuria 1 Torino10125 Italy Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n Granada18008 Spain The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Campus UAB Bellaterra Barcelona08193 Spain Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics University of Lodz ul. Pomorska 149-153 Lodz90-236 Poland Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima739-8526 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Japan Department of Physics Tokai University Japan ETH Zürich Switzerland Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Departamento de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna Spain Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica Institut de Ciències del Cosmos Universitat de Barcelona IEEC-UB Spain EMFTEL department IPARCOS Universidad Complutense de Madrid Spain Italy INFN Sezione di Trieste Università degli Studi di Udine Italy Italy INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Italy INFN Sezione di Padova Università degli Studi di Padova Italy LAPP Univ. Grenoble Alpes Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS-IN2P3 Annecy France Department of Physics TU Dortmund University Germany Croatia Universität Hamburg Institut für Experimentalphysik Germany Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo Japan Universidad del Azuay Ecuador INAF Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello spazio di Bologna Italy Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas Brazil CIEMAT Spain INFN Sezione di Bari Politecnico di Bari Italy INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera Italy University of Geneva Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire Switzerland INFN Sezione di Catania Italy Departament de Física CERES-IEEC Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona Spain Italy Università di Pisa INFN Pisa Italy Aix Mars

MAGIC is a system of two Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACTs), designed to detect very-high-energy gamma rays, and is operating in stereoscopic mode since 2009 at the Observatorio del Roque de Los Muchachos in La Palma, Spain. In 2018, the prototype IACT of the Large-Sized Telescope (LST-1) for the Cherenkov Telescope Array, a next-generation ground-based gamma-ray observatory, was inaugurated at the same site, at a distance of approximately 100 meters from the MAGIC telescopes. Using joint observations between MAGIC and LST-1, we developed a dedicated analysis pipeline and established the threefold telescope system via software, achieving the highest sensitivity in the northern hemisphere. Based on this enhanced performance, MAGIC and LST-1 have been jointly and regularly observing the Galactic Center, a region of paramount importance and complexity for IACTs. In particular, the gamma-ray emission from the dynamical center of the Milky Way is under debate. Although previous measurements suggested that a supermassive black hole Sagittarius A* plays a primary role, its radiation mechanism remains unclear, mainly due to limited angular resolution and sensitivity. The enhanced sensitivity in our novel approach is thus expected to provide new insights into the question. We here present the current status of the data analysis for the Galactic Center joint MAGIC and LST-1 observations. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： Cosmology

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Comparison between OSEM and FBP reconstruction algorithms for the qualitative and quantitative interpretation of brain DAT-SPECT using an anthropomorphic striatal phantom: implications for the practice

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Research on Biomedical engineering 2020年第1期36卷 77-88页

作者： Trevisan, Ana Carolina Raed, Michel David Tumas, Vitor Alexandre-Santos, Leonardo Pitella, Felipe Arriva Itikawa, Emerson Nobuyuki Silvah, Jose Henrique Kato, Mery Martinez, Edson Zangiacomi Achcar, Jorge Alberto Simões, Marcus Vinícius Wichert-Ana, Lauro Interunits Post-Graduation Program on Bioengineering. São Carlos School of Engineering University of São Paulo Bandeirantes 3900 São Carlos14048-900 Brazil Section of Nuclear Medicine Image Science and Medical Physics Center Department of Internal Medicine University of São Paulo Ribeirão PretoSP Brazil Department of Social Medicine University of São Paulo Ribeirão PretoSP Brazil Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Sciences. Ribeirão Preto Medical School University of São Paulo Ribeirão PretoSP Brazil

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ordered subsets maximization expectation (OSEM) and filtered backprojection (FBP) reconstruction algorithms for the qualitative interpretation of DAT-SPECT. Methods: Data were acquired using an anthropomorphic striatal phantom and a gamma camera (SPECT/CT). Images were reconstructed using different values of the covariates applied in the OSEM and FBP algorithms (iteration, subsets, order, and cut-off frequency). Image quality was compared according to each set of covariates used in the reconstruction and extracted quantitative parameters of the image quality, such as C, CV RCR, and RSR, as well as the angular coefficients of the edges in regions of interest. Results: Variations in the order from 0 to 10 do not influence the image if a trustworthy cut-off frequency range for FBP (0.9 to 1.6) and OSEM (1.2 to 1.5) are used. For OSEM, the iteration value and the number of subsets that guarantee better quality were those suggested by the developer of the algorithm used (3i8s). Conclusion: For a quality image, it is necessary to use the range of values found for the covariables order and cut-off frequency of the Butterworth filter in the FBP and OSEM reconstruction. OSEM reconstruction shows superiority in the images compared with FBP when the recommended three iterations and eight subsets are used. In the quantitative analyses, the evaluation showed that increasing the number of updates while allowing a better distinction of certain areas, culminates with a degradation image, making it inappropriate for clinical. © 2020, Sociedade Brasileira de Engenharia Biomedica.

关键词： Phantoms

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A novel evolution-based recommendation system 12

A novel evolution-based recommendation system

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12th International Conference on Ubi-Media Computing, Ubi-Media 2019

作者： Chen, Yi-Cheng Chu, Yen-Lung Hui, Lin Chen, Sheng-Chih Thaipisutikul, Tipajin Weng, Kai-Ze Department of Information Management National Central University Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Tamkang University Taiwan Department of Innovative Information and Technology Tamkang University Taiwan Master's Program of Digital Content and Technologies College of Communication National ChengChi University Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Central University Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781728128207

Matrix factorization (MF) technique has been widely utilized in recommendation systems due to the precise prediction of users' interests. Prior MF-based methods adapt the overall rating to make the recommendation by extracting latent factors from users and items. However, in real applications, people's preferences usually vary with time;the traditional MF-based methods could not properly capture the change of users' interests. In this paper, by incorporating the recurrent neural network (RNN) into MF, we develop a novel recommendation system, M-RNN-F, to effectively describe the preference evolution of users over time. A learning model is proposed to capture the evolution pattern and predict the user preference in the future. The experimental results show that M-RNN-F performs better than other state-of-the-art recommendation algorithms. In addition, we conduct the experiments on real world dataset to demonstrate the practicability. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Recommender systems

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Autonomous Multi-Modal Chemical Tomography using Bayesian Optimization

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Microscopy and Microanalysis 2024年第SUPPLEMENT_1期30卷

作者： Millsaps, William Schwartz, Jonathan Manassa, Jason Wendy Di, Zichao Jiang, Yi Hovden, Robert Department of Nuclear Engineering Radiological Sciences University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI US Chan Zuckerberg Imaging Institute Redwood City CA USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI US Mathematics and Computer Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL US Advanced Photon Source Facility Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL US Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI US

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A Study of the Sensitivity of the Fuel Consumption to Driving Strategy by Micro Simulation

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Procedia Computer science 2019年 157卷 375-381页

作者： Fergyanto E. Gunawan Benfano Soewito Nico Surantha Tuga Mauritsius Nobumasa Sekishita Industrial Engineering Department BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Industrial Engineering Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480 Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480 Information Systems Information Department BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Information Systems Management Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480 Department of Mechanical Engineering Toyohashi University of Technology Toyohashi Aichi 441-8580 Japan

Global warming due to excessive emission greenhouse gases is a significant issue faced by humanity, and collectively, cars and trucks contribute about 20% to the entire global-warming gases. For a reason, recently, many attempts have been endured to reduce the emission and to increase fuel efficiency, including vehicle platooning, better driving strategy, and increasing engine efficiency. This study intends to provide a more detail assessment regarding the effects of the driving strategy to fuel consumption. For the purpose, the vehicle dynamics are quantified by employing the car-following model based on the optimal velocity model. The fuel consumption is estimated from the regression model of Ahn 18 . The result suggests that the braking distance strongly affects fuel consumption.

关键词： Optimal Velocity Model Micro Simulation Car-Following Model Fuel Efficiency

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*** as digital platform for vegetation analysis and estimation of carbon stock in KEHATI aqua park

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3026卷

作者： Nanda Satya Nugraha Dian Pratama Putra Mohammad Prasanto Bimantio Amallia Ferhat Rama Zakaria Rudi Nirwantono Teddy Suparyanto Bens Pardamean Faculty of Forestry Institute of Agriculture STIPER Yogyakarta Indonesia 55282 Faculty of Agriculture Institute of Agriculture STIPER Yogyakarta Indonesia 55282 Faculty of Agricultural Technology Institute of Agriculture STIPER Yogyakarta Indonesia 55282 PT. Tirta Investama Pabrik Klaten Klaten Central Java Indonesia 57474 Bioinformatics & Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 1148 Biotechnology Department Faculty of Engineering Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480 Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Computer Science Program Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480

KEHATI AQUA Park is one of the green areas managed by PT. Tirta Investama Klaten (Klaten Factory). This area is located in Wangen and Ponggok Villages, Polanharjo District, Klaten Regency, Central Java, and is an integral part of the company’s seriousness in carbon reduction movement. When maintenance of the area is important for the sustainability of the park, there is however no data on the trees inventory in the area. Therefore, this study aims to invent the trees at KEHATI AQUA Park and evaluate the potential of the area to become a carbon sink using *** application. This study was conducted at the KEHATI AQUA Park. The census method was performed to collect tree data, and the result was recorded in *** application. The carbon stock calculation was estimated using the application according to the tree data submitted in the application. The study included a total of 1048 plantation spots in 51 tree species. From those numbers, about 738 trees existed, and the remaining spots were blank spaces. Based on the condition of the trees, those were 660 good trees, 17 dry trees, and 61 under pest infection. The carbon stock estimation at KEHATI AQUA Park Klaten in the next five years (2026) is around 40 tons of carbon. Therefore, it can be concluded that the park is valuable as an area to preserve biodiversity and as a carbon sink.

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Classification of the Structural Integrity by the General Vibration Method

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Procedia Computer science 2019年 157卷 382-387页

Traditionally, for the purpose of classifying the integrity of an engineering structure, one may use the information of the natural frequencies or mode shapes or some other measures derived from the two. In this research, we propose a classification method on the basis of the general vibration model. The general vibration model is essentially a set of differential equations describing the dynamics of the structure under consideration. For the purpose of damage detection, a deviation of the general vibration model from the dynamic equilibrium point marks the occurrence of the damage. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the method, we study two simplest dynamical systems consisting of one- and two-concentrated masses subjected to a prescribed dynamic load. The structural damages are introduced artificially by reducing the stiffness of spring in the structures. We find that the general vibration model is more sensitive to damages than the traditional methods.

关键词： General Vibration Model Structural Integrity Structural Health Monitoring Power Spectral Density Damage Index

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Constructing Prediction Model of Lung Cancer Treatment Survival 6th

Constructing Prediction Model of Lung Cancer Treatment Survi...

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6th International Conference on Frontier Computing, FC 2018

作者： Lee, Hsiu-An Chao, Louis R. Rau, Hsiao-Hsien Hsu, Chien-Yeh Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Tamkang University Taipei Taiwan Department of Information Management National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences Taipei Taiwan Master Program in Global Health and Development Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9789811336478

According to statistics of the Ministry of Health and Welfare (Taiwan) in 2016, the first of Top Ten causes of death was cancer. In this category, percentages of trachea, bronchus and lung cancer were the highest. Thus, it is particularly important to study the disease. Coverage rate of national health insurance in Taiwan is up to 99.6%. Database of the national health insurance includes insurance information of the public. It is currently the mostly complete, mature and continuous clinical medial empirical data. With precise data and sufficient samples, they become the most appropriate and precise data for prediction of effectiveness of clinical illness treatment and comorbidity analysis. This study focuses on non-small cell lung cancer. It obtains cancer registration files from two million files in database of national health insurance, and screens patients who have suffered from ICD C33-34 "trachea, bronchus and lung cancer". It then connects with OPDTE of outpatient services of national health insurance to include factors of comorbidity of disease in model design and treat DEATH as analytical figure after treatment and prognosis. By linear and non-linear data mining, it studies effects of different therapies on survival rate of lung cancer patients in three years and establishes prediction model. Through Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Logistic Regression (LR), this study successfully establishes prediction model of survival rate of treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. When the best point of LR model: Sensitivity = 77.3 and Specificity = 73.8, it includes 81% (AUROC, Area Under ROC curve) of model precision rate. When the best point of ANN model: Sensitivity = 77.6 and Specificity = 76.8, it can include 83% (AUROC) model precision rate. It shows that model precision rate of ANN is higher than logistic regression model. © 2019, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Forecasting

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Measuring the Land-Sea Coupling Coordination Degree of the Coastal Zone and Its Optimization Strategy:A Case Study of the Coastal Zone in Xiamen

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China City Planning Review 2020年第1期29卷 8-19页

作者： Lin Xiaoru Lü Yiping Liu Qing Assistant Professor Master''s Supervisor Department of Urban Planning School of Architecture and Civil Engineering Xiamen University Postdoctoral Fellow UNC Program on Chinese Cities Xiamen P. R. China Postgraduate Department of Urban Planning Xiamen University Xiamen P R China PhD Candidate Heilongjiang Cold Region Urban-Rural Human Settlements Science Key Laboratory School of Architecture Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin P. R. China

Currently,China has entered the period of land-sea coordinated planning,yet there are few studies on the interaction between land use intensity and sea eco-security in coastal ***,taking the coastal zone of Xiamen as an example,this paper develops a comprehensive system to evaluate the coupling degree between spatial utilization intensity and eco-security based on the coupling degree theory in *** the paper quantitatively analyzes and identifies the coupling coordination degree of various shore sections into four categories:well-coordinated and highly-coupled,moderately-coordinated and moderately-coupled,moderately-coordinated and slightly-coupled,and primary-level coordinated and ***,it puts forward spatial planning guidelines for the four types of shore sections on the basis of land-sea ***,reserved ecological section should follow the principle of giving priority to the marine ecosystem,and strictly protecting the ecosystem and controlling development;ecological promotion section should follow the principle of optimizing land development based on the sea resources,and reserving space for transformation;restricted development section should follow the principle of land-sea balance,and only allowing low-impact development activities to achieve synchronous land-sea development;development leverage section should follow the principle of optimizing marine development based on land resources,giving full play to the advantages of coastal resources and featured coastal space,and achieving spatial optimization in accordance with people-oriented principles and local *** research intends to provide a scientific basis for coastal zone planning and decision-making and a paradigm guide for gulf cities to coordinate the marine ecosystem and land development.

关键词： coastal zone coupling coordination eco-security land-sea coordination Xiamen

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