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A Self-Healing WDM Access Network with Protected Fiber and FSO Link Paths Effective Against Fiber Breaks

Photonics 2025年第4期12卷 323-323页

作者： Wu, Tsu-Hsin Liao, Chien-Yu Yeh, Chien-Hung Chen, Yuan-Wen Kao, Yu-Hsin Lin, Sung-Yi Lin, Yu-Heng Liaw, Shien-Kuei Department of Photonics Feng Chia University Taichung40724 Taiwan Master’s Program of Space System Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung407802 Taiwan Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei10607 Taiwan

In this article, an additional protected fiber and free-space optical (FSO) link path is proposed, to provide self-healing capabilities for protection against fiber faults in wavelength division multiplexed passive optical network (WDM-PON) systems. The new optical line terminal (OLT), remote node (RN), and optical network unit (ONU) in the presented PON architecture result in self-protective function against fiber breakpoints. In the measurement, 25 Gbit/s on-off keying (OOK) modulation was applied on each WDM channel to assess the downstream and upstream signals after 25 km single-mode fiber (SMF) and 25 km SMF + 2 m FSO connections, respectively. In addition to using protected fiber paths for self-healing operations. This PON system can also apply the FSO link method. The measured bit error rate (BER) for all downstream and upstream traffic was maintained below 3.8 × 10−3 with forward error correction (FEC). The detected optical power sensitivity of the proposed self-restorative fiber- and FSO-based WDM-PON for downstream and upstream WDM signals ranged from −33.5 to −28.5 dBm and from −33 to −28.5 dBm, respectively, and the corresponding power budgets of the downstream and upstream WDM signals were between 29.5 and 30.5 dB and 33 and 38 dB, respectively. © 2025 by the authors.

关键词： Forward error correction

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Autonomous Quadcopter Trajectory Tracking and Stabilization Using Control system Based on Sliding Mode Control and Kalman Filter 24

Autonomous Quadcopter Trajectory Tracking and Stabilization ...

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24th International Seminar on Intelligent Technology and Its Applications, ISITIA 2023

作者： Agustina, Nilla Perdana Darwito, Purwadi Agus Physics Engineering Master Program Faculty of Industrial Technology and System Engineering Surabaya Indonesia Physics Engineering Department Faculty of Industrial Technology and System Engineering Surabaya Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350313956

In this paper, a control system based on Sliding Mode Control (SMC) and Kalman Filter has been designed to stabilize the quadcopter in the takeoff and hover phases as well as at the expected altitude. The control system is needed to support the performance of the quadcopter in carrying out the mission that has been given. The designed control system begins with the creation of a system model equation and is implemented in a real quadcopter simulation. The resulting response in terms of the results of the resulting control signal is stable, meets the trajectory as expected, and can produce a real quadcopter simulation taking off vertically and flying stably. Even though there was an unstable response for about 15 to 20 seconds at the beginning of the resulting response, after that the system showed stability. Tracking the resulting trajectory in accordance with the desired trajectory. Real quadcopter simulation results show that the takeoff phase can be carried out vertically and that the resulting trajectory stability can be stable during takeoff and flight. The height of the quadcopter has reached 100%, namely with a height of 1.5 meters as expected, and the average error value obtained at the x position is 2.93e^-07, the y position is 2.96e^-07, and the z position is 1.80e^-03. The proposed SMC-Kalman filter control system is expected to be implemented in a conventional quadcopter that has been developed. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Sliding mode control

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Lateral force analysis of an acoustic levitated plate using boundary element method 25

Lateral force analysis of an acoustic levitated plate using ...

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25th International Congress on Sound and Vibration 2018: Hiroshima Calling, ICSV 2018

作者： Matsumoto, Kosuke Masuda, Arata Kyoto Institute of Technology Master Program of Mechanical and System Engineering Kyoto Japan Kyoto Institute of Technology Mechanical Engineering Kyoto Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781510868458

In this study, the lateral force acting on an acoustically levitated plate in a near-field acoustic levitation setup is numerically analyzed to understand the in-plane behavior of the levitated plate. A vibrating surface in a ultrasound frequency can levitate a planer object by the effect of the acoustic pressure radiated from the surface. This is called near-field acoustic levitation. At the same time, the sound pressure distribution in the air gap between the radiation surface and the levitated plate generates an acoustic streaming which yield the acoustic viscous stress on the surface of the levitated plate. The resulting force and torque acting on the levitated plate governs the stability and the in-plane motion of the plate. In this paper, the force acting on the levitated plate is calculated by integrating the acoustic viscous stress which is derived through the Nyborg's formulation of the acoustic streaming and the sound field analysis using the boundary element method (BEM), which can properly take account of the effect of the infinite medium. The validity of the calculation is verified by comparing the calculated force with experimental results reported in the *** dependence of the force on the lateral position of the levitated plate is then discussed in terms of the in-plane stability. © 25th International Congress on Sound and Vibration 2018, ICSV 2018: Hiroshima Calling. All rights reserved.

关键词： Boundary element method

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Calibration of 100 A/50mA instrument current transformer energy meter using bisection method 2

Calibration of 100 A/50mA instrument current transformer ene...

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2nd IEEE International Conference on Innovative Research and Development, ICIRD 2019

作者： Bimantoro, Renardi Ardiya Rahardjo, Amien Husnayain, Faiz Aryani, Dwi Riana Hudayala, Chairul Universitas Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Depok16424 Indonesia Energy System Engineering Master Study Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Depok16424 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781728128252

Instrument current transformers (CTs) are widely used in various types of electrical energy measurement. Eddy current losses, losses of hysteresis, a saturation of CT, and inevitable flux leaks could lead to errors including errors in the ratio and phase angle. Improving the accuracy of CT measurement could be achieved in many ways. In this study, a bisection calibration method to overcome the error by implementing correction factor integrated with the Arduino codes is investigated. The reliability of this system has been tested in two different situations, which are a constant and variable load experiments. The result shows that the readout of the developed instrument using 100 A/50mA CT could achieve the deviation value of less than 2%, confirming the excellence accuracy of energy meter. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Electric instrument transformers

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Prediction of power transformers lifetime using thermal modeling analysis 2

Prediction of power transformers lifetime using thermal mode...

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2nd IEEE International Conference on Innovative Research and Development, ICIRD 2019

作者： Afifah, Sarah Nainggolan, Jannus Maurits Wibisono, Gunawan Hudaya, Chairul Universitas Indonesia Departement of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Depok16424 Indonesia Energy System Engineering Master Study Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Depok16424 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781728128252

Transformer is one of the main components in distribution system of electrical power system towards the consumers, thereby any damage to the transformers will hinder the distribution of electricity towards the consumers, and in turn will make the SAIDI and SAIFI levels go up. High temperature in transformers can cause degradation in the insulation of transformers which in turn will cause failure in transformers. When the temperature in winding reaches or goes beyond the limit of 110°C, a degradation in insulation will start happening and the remaining life of transformers will decrease. Damage in transformers will cause disturbance in electrical power system and result in a major economic loss. Before damages occur, transformers need to be changed up until it is deemed to be no longer efficient, this can be done by replacing the transformer that is about to be damaged. To predict when a transformer is about to break, a calculation is made based on thermal modelling according to IEEE Std C57.91-1995 with its most prominent variable being Hot Spot Temperature (HST). HST is obtained by MATLAB programming using Annex G of IEEE Std. C57.91-1995. By obtaining HST, thus the remaining lifetime of transformers can be predicted. This study analysed the effect of loading, hot-spot temperature, and ambient temperature on the remaining lifetime of a transformer. The higher those three factors, the quicker the transformer will break, with loss of life percentage increasing exponentially. The highest loading, hot spot temperature, and ambient temperature given in this research gives percent loss of life of 0.0888332%, 0.0193394%, 0.020753% respectively. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Power transformers

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User Centered Design: Design and Development Methodology of Seed Planting Tools 6

User Centered Design: Design and Development Methodology of ...

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Joint Conference of the 6th Annual Conference of Industrial and system engineering 2019, ACISE 2019 and 1st International Conference on Risk Management as an Interdisciplinary Approach 2019, ICRMIA 2019

作者： Purnomo, H. Achmadi, O. Hasan, I. Mardijanto, M. Industrial Engineering Department Islamic University of Indonesia Yogyakarta Indonesia Postgraduate Program of Industrial Engineering Islamic University of Indonesia Yogyakarta Indonesia Postgraduate Program of Resource Engineering Master of Engineering System Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta Indonesia

Gejlek or Galah is a conventional wood-made seed planting tools aid common used by corn farmers. The limited functions and heavy weight of the existing seed planting caused low productivity and long duration in planting activity. The aim of the research is to design and to develop seed planting tools which able to accommodate user needs. User-Centered Design (UCD) methods used to design product focused on customer satisfaction. 15 respondents involved in this research to measure productivity, practicality, reliability and ergonomic. Validity test represent by F-value produce result test in between 0.354 to 0.625 where Ftest > Ftab means reject H0 or seed planting tools design able to fulfil user needs and different from previous design. User test show how work load against pulse measurement improve 26.44% and Nordic Body Map decrease by average 25% which mean there are significant improvement in terms of work load and ergonomics. It helps increase work productivity. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Ergonomics

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Design and Implementation Study of 3.12 kWp on - Grid Rooftop Solar PV system 7

Design and Implementation Study of 3.12 kWp on - Grid Roofto...

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7th International Conference on Electrical engineering and Informatics, ICEEI 2019

作者： Mizard, Ariyq Naufal Aryani, Dwi Riana Verdianto, Ariono Hudaya, Chairul Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering Indonesia Energy System Engineering Master Study Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Kampus Baru UI Depok 16424 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781728124186

Conversion of fossil fuels as an energy source can be achieved by optimizing the use of renewable energy. One of the most used renewable energy is solar photovoltaics (PV). At present, solar power plant is an electrification support system for certain buildings because the abundant availability of solar radiation. On this research, Power and energy observations are carried out to determine measure the load power trend, the amount of energy flow from PV to the load, as well as import or export power from or to utility grid by direct measurement on Mosque of Faculty of engineering, Universitas Indonesia. According to the study, the highest power generated by solar power plant mostly occurs at 12:00 - 13:00 with the highest power generated by PV is 2,344 W and the exported power is 939 W, and 32.19% - 55.67% electricity energy savings consumption from utility grid. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Solar energy

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Aloe vera and beeswax based coating to maintain shelf life of salak cv. Madu 3

Aloe vera and beeswax based coating to maintain shelf life o...

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3rd International Conference on Agricultural engineering for Sustainable Agriculture Production, AESAP 2019

作者： Sari, P.R.P. Darmawati, E. Ahmad, U. Postharvest Technology Master Program Graduate School Ipb University Bogor16680 Indonesia Departement of Mechanical Engineering and Bio-system Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology Ipb University 16680 Indonesia

The coatings on fruits after harvested was applied to maintain the appearance and quality up to the consumer's hands. This study aimed to maintain color and reduce the level of decay of salak madu during storage. Salak madu was obtained from Madding Fresh, trader and supplier salak from Sleman, Yogyakarta. The salak was coated with Aloe vera gel (20% and 50%) and beeswax (3, 6, and 10%). All samples were stored at 25-28 °C. The parameters used to measure the effect of treatment are skin color, percentage of decay, and weight loss. Observations were carried out for 12 days. The results of this study were found that dyeing on a coating made from Aloe vera 50% was able to slow down weight loss and percentage of decay until the 6 days, while Aloe vera 30% was better at maintaining color changes during storage. Beeswax 3% coating can slow down discoloration and percentage of decay until 6 days of storage. Long-term storage (12 days) with beeswax 10% was better in maintaining changes in the quality of salak madu, while for short-term storage (6 days), beeswax 3% gives better results. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Coatings

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Determination of Mung Bean Seed Viability Change in Vacuum Packaging during Storage in Different Temperatures 1

Determination of Mung Bean Seed Viability Change in Vacuum P...

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1st International Conference on Mechanical Electronic and Biosystem engineering, MEBSE 2018

作者： Faisal, M. Ahmad, U. Wulandani, D. Postharvest Technology Master Course Program Graduate School Bogor Agricultural University Indonesia Dept. of Mechanical and Bio-system Engineering IPB Bogor Agricultural University Indonesia

Mung bean seeds decreased their viability very fast during storage, especially in tropical area without proper packaging. The purpose of this study is to observethe decrease in viability of mung bean seeds during storage and to build a mathematical model for shelf life prediction. Dried mung bean seeds were vacuum packed and stored in Accelerated Shelf-life Testing chamber at five different temperatures of 30° C, 35° C, 40° C, 45° C, 50° C with approximately 80% in relative humidity, to facilitate rapid deterioration with different rate of physical and chemical change in the seed. The results show that there was an increase in moisture content and the germination decreased in different rates. Changes in values for some parametersof the seeds affected the viabilty of the seeds during rapid deterioration. The value of constant (k)for viability decreasing was calculated and used to build the mathematical model for predicting the shelf life of mung bean seeds during storage at any temperature. Using the developed model, it was observed that the shelf life of the Sriti variety of mung bean seeds in vacuum packaging could maintain 90% of germination level for 421 days or 14.3 months if stored at 20 °C, and for 173.37 days or 5.78 months if stored at 25 °C. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Deterioration

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Loss Balancing for Physics-Informed Neural Networks Considering Procedure for Solving Partial Differential Equations 13

Loss Balancing for Physics-Informed Neural Networks Consider...

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Joint 13th International Conference on Soft Computing and Intelligent systems and 25th International Symposium on Advanced Intelligent systems, SCIS and ISIS 2024

作者： Kojima, Manabu Otsuki, Kazuma Suzuki, Masato Abe, Masajiro Baba, Masaaki Yokota, Kazuya Master's Program in Mechanical Engineering Nagaoka University of Technology Nagaoka Japan Nagaoka University of Technology Department of System Safety Engineering Nagaoka Japan Nagaoka University of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Nagaoka Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350373332

With the development of machine learning, numerical analysis using neural networks has been devised. Remarkably, physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) enable physically consistent numerical analysis by introducing a loss function that conforms to relevant governing equations. Moreover, research is rapidly advancing for the application of PINNs to inverse analysis in areas such as physical property identification. For a PINN to learn governing equations, the weights of the loss functions should be properly determined because they have different roles in components such as boundary conditions, initial conditions, and governing equations. However, weight setting is generally challenging. We propose a loss balancing method considering the procedure for solving partial differential equations. The proposed method is validated through comparisons with conventional solvers. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Partial differential equations

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