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Mutual Retinex: Combining Transformer and CNN for Image Enhancement

IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computational Intelligence 2024年第3期8卷 2240-2252页

作者： Jiang, Kui Wang, Qiong An, Zhaoyi Wang, Zheng Zhang, Cong Lin, Chia-Wen Harbin Institute of Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin150001 China Wuhan University National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software School of Computer Science Wuhan430072 China Wuhan Polytechnic University School of Mathematics and Computer Science Wuhan430024 China National Tsing Hua University Department of Electrical Engineering Institute of Communications Engineering Hsinchu30013 Taiwan

Images captured in low-light or underwater environments are often accompanied by significant degradation, which can negatively impact the quality and performance of downstream tasks. While convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and Transformer architectures have made significant progress in computer vision tasks, there are few efforts to harmonize them into a more concise framework for enhancing such images. To this end, this study proposes to aggregate the individual capability of self-attention (SA) and CNNs for accurate perturbation removal while preserving background contents. Based on this, we carry forward a Retinex-based framework, dubbed as Mutual Retinex, where a two-branch structure is designed to characterize the specific knowledge of reflectance and illumination components while removing the perturbation. To maximize its potential, Mutual Retinex is equipped with a new mutual learning mechanism, involving an elaborately designed mutual representation module (MRM). In MRM, the complementary information between reflectance and illumination components are encoded and used to refine each other. Through the complementary learning via the mutual representation, the enhanced results generated by our model exhibit superior color consistency and naturalness. Extensive experiments have shown the significant superiority of our mutual learning based method over thirteen competitors on the low-light task and ten methods on the underwater image enhancement task. In particular, our proposed Mutual Retinex respectively surpasses the state-of-the-art method MIRNet-v2 by 0.90 dB and 2.46 dB in PSNR on the LOL 1000 and FIVEK datasets, while with only 19.8% model parameters. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Image enhancement

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A Neural Computing-Based Access Control Protocol for AI-Driven Intelligent Flying Vehicles in Industry 5.0-Assisted Consumer Electronics

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IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2024年第1期70卷 3573-3581页

作者： Mahmood, Khalid Tariq, Tayyaba Sangaiah, Arun Kumar Ghaffar, Zahid Saleem, Muhammad Asad Shamshad, Salman National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Graduate School of Intelligent Data Science Douliu64002 Taiwan National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Douliu64002 Taiwan National Yunlin University of Science and Technology International Graduate School of AI Douliu64002 Taiwan Lebanese American University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Byblos1102 2801 Lebanon University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Computer Science and Engineering Sichuan Chengdu611731 China The University of Lahore Department of Software Engineering Lahore54590 Pakistan

The continuous revolution in Artificial Intelligence (AI) has played a significant role in the development of key consumer applications, including Industry 5.0, autonomous decision-making, fault diagnosis, etc. In practice, autonomous and intelligent robots and flying vehicles (i.e., drones) are also becoming the integral part of Industry 5.0. These vehicles are attaining significant importance nowadays because of their applications in consumer electronics. However, there may be numerous privacy issues in such an infrastructure. Nevertheless, neural computing-driven security solutions have played a significant role in overcoming the security and privacy issues of AI-driven intelligent flying vehicles. Motivated by these facts, this article presents a neural computing-based access control protocol for AI-driven flying vehicles to prevent all possible security threats. A detailed security evaluation of the devised protocol is done formally using the extensively recognized Real-Or-Random (ROR) oracle model. Similarly, the informal security analysis ensures the resistance of our scheme against various potential attacks under the assumptions of CK and DY adversarial models. Moreover, detailed performance scrutiny of the devised protocol with various existing schemes shows the robustness and supremacy of our scheme in terms of computation, communication overhead, and security attributes. © 1975-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Authentication

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Developing Accurate Sri Lankan Sign Language to Tamil Vocal And American Sign Language Translation 10

Developing Accurate Sri Lankan Sign Language to Tamil Vocal ...

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10th International Conference on engineering and Emerging Technologies, ICEET 2024

作者： Ratnasingam, Sabaskaran Sakajarasa, Dilaxshan Chamara, Didula Gamage, Aruna Ishara Sri Lanka Institue of Information Technology Department of Computer Science & Software Engineering Malabe Sri Lanka

ISBN: (纸本)9798331532895

This research presents a web-based real-time Sri Lankan Sign Language (SLSL) translation system aimed at bridging communication gaps for individuals with speech and hearing disabilities. Leveraging advanced machine learning, the system translates SLSL gestures into Tamil vocal language and American Sign Language (ASL), supported by video-to-text conversion with Yolo-NAS, voice model and clips of animated 3D characters. Key objectives included accurate vocabulary mapping for selected vocabularies, real-time translation with minimal latency, an audio player to display Tamil voice and animated 3D characters to convey nuanced ASL gestures. The system is integrated as one website, but each translation part has separate pages where users can navigate and fulfill their needs. User feedback highlighted the simple and direct user interface design and fluidity of interactions, particularly the animated 3D characters in SLSL to ASL translation. Challenges included optimizing gesture rendering and expanding vocabulary coverage, which will be addressed in future work. This research underscores the potential of AI-driven solutions for enhancing accessibility and inclusivity in communication with cross-lingual and cross-model communication features. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： User interfaces

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Countering Deepfakes using an Improved Advanced CNN and its Ensemble with Pretrained Models 3

Countering Deepfakes using an Improved Advanced CNN and its ...

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3rd International Conference on Electrical, Electronics, Information and Communication Technologies, ICEEICT 2024

作者： Mathur, Abeer Tejpal, Moulik Bhargava, Kshitiz Natarajan, Krishnaraj Singh, Manvendra Vellore Institute of Technology School of Computer Science & Engineering Department of Software Systems Vellore India Vellore Institute of Technology School of Computer Science & Engineering Department of Database Systems Vellore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369083

The extensive spread of DeepFake images on the internet has emerged as a significant challenge, with applications ranging from harmless entertainment to harmful acts like blackmail, misinformation, and spreading false propaganda. To tackle this issue, this paper introduces a sophisticated DeepFake detection model designed to identify and mitigate the increase of these deceptive images. The model architecture integrates an ensemble approach, combining the strengths of two pre-trained Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models - MobileNet and Xception - with a novel CNN architecture, the Advanced CNN (ACNN). This rigorous validation process enabled the model to achieve a high accuracy rate of 97.89% in detecting DeepFakes. The successful implementation of this ensemble CNN approach demonstrates its effectiveness in distinguishing between real and fabricated imagery with high precision. This research makes a substantial contribution to the field of digital image forensics, offering a reliable tool for stakeholders across various sectors to identify and counteract the spread of DeepFake images online. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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RUL Estimation for Power Electronic Devices Using RNNs

RUL Estimation for Power Electronic Devices Using RNNs

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2024 Prognostics and System Health Management Conference, PHM 2024

作者： Cai, Congrui Lu, Zhonghai School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science KTH Royal Institute of Technology Embedded Systems Master Program Sweden School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department of Electrical Engineering KTH Royal Institute of Technology Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9798350360585

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are commonly used in data-driven approaches to estimate the Remaining Useful Lifetime (RUL) of power electronic devices. RNNs are preferred because their intrinsic feedback mechanisms are better suited to model time-series data. However, the impact of RNN complexity on estimation accuracy is rarely discussed in the literature. This issue is important because choosing a lower-complexity model that delivers the same or similar performance as a higher-complexity model can increase implementation efficiency. In the paper, we use three RNN models, namely, the vanilla version, LSTM (Long Short Term Memory) and GRU (Gated Recurrent Unit) to conduct RUL estimation for power electronic devices. We use two accelerated aging datasets, one dataset targeting the package failure of MOSFETs, and the other dataset targeting package failure of power diodes. Our study shows that a lower-complexity RNN does not necessarily deliver a lower performance. Similarly, a higher-complexity model does not assure a higher performance. As such, our work highlights the importance of selecting a proper neural network for RUL estimation not biased towards complex models. This is especially useful and important for implementing such RUL estimation techniques in embedded resource-constrained and speed-limited computins platforms. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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AI-Driven Innovations: Transforming Data Support and Environmental Management for the Future

AI-Driven Innovations: Transforming Data Support and Environ...

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2024 International Conference on Decision Aid sciences and Applications, DASA 2024

作者： Mahfuri, Mahmoud Ibrahim, Amer International University for Science and Technology Computer and Information Technology Department Syria United Arab Emirates University Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369106

This paper presents the evolving role of artificial intelligence (AI) in improving internal control and management processes. AI-driven technologies, including Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and ontologies, in addition to enabling data-supported decision-making, and empowering local governments to execute administrative tasks more efficiently and effectively. The study explores the wide range of opportunities that AI offers, highlighting the potential for optimizing internal workflows. Besides, it delves into key challenges, models, and methods for fully integrating AI into organizational processes, providing actionable insights for achieving streamlined, data-driven management systems. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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Performance Optimization of SAC-OCDMA Network Based on 2-D CS Code Utilizing Two Light Sources 6

Performance Optimization of SAC-OCDMA Network Based on 2-D C...

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6th International Symposium on Advanced Electrical and Communication Technologies, ISAECT 2024

作者： Alayedi, Mohanad Jaradat, Ahmad M. Elgammal, Ziad Malkawi, Malek Haliç University Department of Software Engineering Istanbul Turkey University of Detroit Mercy Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Computer Science MI United States Istanbul Medipol University Department of Computer Engineering Istanbul Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9798331529987

This study introduces a novel 2-dimensional (2D) spectral/temporal code, termed 2D-cyclic shift (2D-CS) code, optimized for non-coherent Spectral Amplitude Coding Optical Code Division Multiple Access (SAC-OCDMA) systems. Computational results demonstrate that the 2D-CS code has fostered the SAC-OCDMA system's performance whence spectral efficiency (SE), phase induced intensity noise (PIIN), and cardinality. Specifically, the 2D-CS code can increase cardinality by up to 117%, 89%, and 61% compared to one-dimensional CS (1D-CS), 2D-multi service (2D-MS), and 2D-diluted perfect difference (2D-DPD) codes, respectively. The system's performance was evaluated using Optisystem software, showing significant improvements in quality factor (QF) and bit error rate (BER) with LED and laser light sources for four active users at 115 dBm transmitted power and 20,000 m distance. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Code division multiple access

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Gaussian Differential Privacy Integrated Machine Learning Model for Industrial Internet of Things

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SN computer science 2023年第5期4卷 454页

作者： Lazar, Arokia Jesu Prabhu Soundararaj, Sivaprakash Sonthi, Vijaya Krishna Palanisamy, Vishnu Raja Subramaniyan, Vanithamani Sengan, Sudhakar Department of Computer Science and Engineering AI & ML CMR Institute of Technology Telangana Hyderabad 501401 India Department of Software Systems School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Tamil Nadu Vellore 632014 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Andhra Pradesh Vaddeswaram 522502 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Kongu Engineering College Tamil Nadu Perundurai 638060 India Master of Computer Applications M. Kumarasamy College of Engineering Tamil Nadu Karur 638060 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering PSN College of Engineering and Technology Tamil Nadu Tirunelveli 627152 India

Agriculture, energy, mining, healthcare, and transportation are a few of the top industries transformed by the industrial internet of things (IIoT). Industry 4.0 mainly relies on machine learning (ML) to use the vast interconnectedness and large amounts of IIoT data that IIoT primarily drives. ML approaches are trained on confidential data generated by the IIoT environment often exposes privacy to adversarial assaults. Blockchain-based ML is established in the proposed secured IIoT research work to safeguard and enhance privacy. This research proposes a Gaussian differential privacy-integrated machine learning model (GDPIMLM), created for a scalable and controlled IIoT system, fully connected (FC) layer, implemented blockchain benefits to create a privacy-preserving mechanism while considering other limitations and reasonable time. A probability test using two altered Gaussian distributions (GD) forms the basis for defining Gaussian differential privacy (GDP). Due to a central restriction theorem for differential privacy, GDP is the primary privacy term within the family of Federal differential privacy (f-DP) policies. Ethereum is used to implement experimental evaluations. Data collections show that the recommended method enhances digital data privacy with industry-leading security without reducing performance. The performance analysis of the proposed model of secured industrial internet of things (IIoT) is studied using the accuracy of comparison with existing methods and for diverse distributed entities (DE). The proposed secured IIoT attains a minimal time consumption (TC) of 790 Sec—the highest accuracy of 92%, outperforming the existing method. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Blockchain Industry Industry 4.0 Learning Privacy Security Smart objects

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An effective classification of Skin Disease using Deep Learning Techniques 13

An effective classification of Skin Disease using Deep Learn...

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13th International Conference on Cloud Computing, Data science and engineering, Confluence 2023

作者： Vajpayee, Harsh Arora, Chayanika Voleti, Ritvik Chaudhary, Ankur Raj, Gaurav Agrawal, Arun Prakash Sharda School of Engineering and Technology Sharda University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Greater Noida India Dalhousie University Master of Computer Science Halifax Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781665462631

According to WHO, Skin Infection is very common but sometimes very serious and affects a large no population all over the world. Monkeypox, Chickenpox, and Measles are the major infectious disease that causes skin infection all over the world. It has been obverse that the cases of Monkeypox have drastically increased as an effect of Covid 19. This infection has spread easily and exponentially that cause serious health issues in many underdeveloped and developing countries. Some time it has been observed that people are not able to properly classify the type of skin infection well in time, which can be a main reason of serious health issues. So, it became important to propose an effective classification of Skin Disease. In this paper the authors have proposed an effective classification of Skin Disease using Deep Learning Techniques. This approach will help in classification of chicken pox, measles, and monkeypox through skin images. The authors have utilized Monkeypox Skin Images Dataset (MSID) dataset to apply the proposed approach. The Loss, Accuracy, Precision, Recall, AUC, and F1 Score parameters have been used to analyze the performance of proposed approaches. The best algorithms with maximum accuracy and other parameters are Xception, EfficientNetV2L, and EfficientNetV2M, and CNN, VGG16, and VGG19 are the least favored algorithms for this research. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Developing countries

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Transaction transmission model for blockchain channels based on non-cooperative games

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science China(Information sciences) 2023年第1期66卷 97-114页

作者： Peiyun ZHANG Chenxi LI Mengchu ZHOU Wenjun HUANG Abdullah ABUSORRAH Omaimah O.BAMASAG Engineering Research Center of Digital Forensics of Ministry of Education School of Computer and SoftwareNanjing University of Information Science and Technology School of Computer and Information Anhui Normal University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering and K.A.CARE Energy Research and Innovation CenterKing Abdulaziz University Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computing and Information Technology Center of Excellence in Smart Environment Research King Abdulaziz University

In blockchain networks, transactions can be transmitted through channels. The existing transmission methods depend on their routing information. If a node randomly chooses a channel to transmit a transaction, the transmission may be aborted due to insufficient funds(also called balance) or a low transmission rate. To increase the success rate and reduce transmission delay across all transactions, this work proposes a transaction transmission model for blockchain channels based on non-cooperative game *** balance, channel states, and transmission probability are fully considered. This work then presents an optimized channel transaction transmission algorithm. First, channel balances are analyzed and suitable channels are selected if their balance is sufficient. Second, a Nash equilibrium point is found by using an iterative sub-gradient method and its related channels are then used to transmit transactions. The proposed method is compared with two state-of-the-art approaches: Silent Whispers and Speedy Murmurs. Experimental results show that the proposed method improves transmission success rate, reduces transmission delay,and effectively decreases transmission overhead in comparison with its two competitive peers.

关键词： Blockchain channel transaction transmission channel balance channel state channel transmission probability non-cooperative game

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