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Skin cancer detection with MobileNet-based transfer learning and MixNets for enhanced diagnosis

Neural Computing and Applications 2024年第34期36卷 21383-21413页

作者： Zakariah, Mohammed Al-Razgan, Muna Alfakih, Taha Department of Computer Sciences and Engineering College of Applied Science King Saud University Riyadh11543 Saudi Arabia Department of Software Engineering College of Computer and Information Sciences King Saud University Riyadh11345 Saudi Arabia Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information Sciences King Saud University Riyadh11543 Saudi Arabia

Skin cancer poses a significant health hazard, necessitating the utilization of advanced diagnostic methodologies to facilitate timely detection, owing to its escalating prevalence in recent years. This paper proposes a novel approach to tackle the issue by introducing a method for detecting skin cancer that uses MixNets to enhance diagnosis and leverages mobile network-based transfer learning. Skin cancer has diverse forms, each distinguishable by its structural attributes, morphological characteristics, texture, and coloration. The pressing demand for accurate and efficient diagnostic instruments has spurred the investigation of novel techniques. The present study utilizes the ISIC dataset, comprising a validation set of 660 images and a training set of 2637 images. Moreover, the research employs a combination of MixNets and mobile network-based transfer learning as its chosen approach. Transfer learning is a technique that leverages preexisting models to enhance the diagnostic capabilities of the proposed system. Integrating MobileNet and MixNets allows for utilizing their respective functionalities, resulting in a dual-model methodology that enhances the comprehensiveness of skin cancer diagnosis. The results demonstrate impressive performance metrics, with MobileNet and MixNets models, and the proposed approach achieves an outstanding accuracy rate of 99.58%. The above findings underscore the efficacy of the dual-model method in effectively discerning between benign and malignant skin lesions. Moreover, the present study aims to examine the potential integration of emerging technologies to enhance the accuracy and practicality of diagnostics within real-world healthcare settings. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Diseases

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Evolution of Research on Adaptive Gamification: A Bibliometric Study

Evolution of Research on Adaptive Gamification: A Bibliometr...

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2023 International Conference on Circuit Power and Computing Technologies, ICCPCT 2023

作者： Vijay, Margret Jayan, J.P. Department of Computer Science Tamil Nadu India Department of Software Engineering Tamil Nadu India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350333244

This study explores the evolving landscape of adaptive gamification-related research from 2014 to 2022. A comprehensive analysis of 1110 documents from journals and books was conducted to investigate publication trends, prominent countries, authors, and the development of knowledge in the field. The findings reveal a consistent growth in publications, with an annual growth rate of 26.89%. Gamification emerges as a dominant cluster, consistently exhibiting high centrality and density scores, indicating its strong interconnectedness and influence within the research network. The country-wise analysis demonstrates a diverse global research landscape, with the United States contributing the highest number of publications, followed by Spain and Germany. Prominent authors from universities and institutions worldwide have made significant contributions to the field. The thematic evolution demonstrates a shift from collaborative learning to gamification and online learning, followed by a focus on technology-driven themes and the emergence of machine learning as a prominent area of research. The increasing relevance of machine learning indicates its growing significance in the domain of adaptive gamification. These findings contribute to the knowledge base of adaptive gamification and offer insights for researchers in shaping the future of gamified learning environments. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Knowledge based systems

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Optimization of Lane-changing Advisory in Mixed Traffic of Connected Vehicles and Human-driven Vehicles at Expressway Bottlenecks

IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles

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IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles 2023年 1-10页

作者： Lin, Jingmin Yu, Chunhui Wang, Ling Liu, Guanjun Wang, Jiacun Ma, Wanjing Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the Ministry of Education Tongji University Shanghai P.R. China Department of Computer Science and Technology Tongji University Shanghai P.R. China Computer Science and Software Engineering Department Monmouth University USA

Lane closure due to events such as accidents creates bottlenecks on expressways. The mandatory lane changes of merging vehicles lead to congestion. As the cyber-physical system (CPS) develops, mixed traffic consisting of connected vehicles (CVs) and human-driven vehicles (HVs) has emerged. CVs can receive lane-changing (LC) advisories and complete merging to alleviate congestion. Most existing studies assume CVs can timely and exactly follow LC advisories, which is not realistic with human drivers. This study develops an LC advisory model for CVs, whose response time and compliance degrees are considered, at an expressway bottleneck with lane closure under mixed traffic of CVs and HVs. The LC strategies are optimized for CVs to minimize the total delay of CVs and HVs approaching the bottleneck. The constraints include the domains of decision variables, vehicle passing states at the bottleneck, vehicle kinematics, implementation of LC advisories, LC safety, the maximum number of LC manoeuvres, the minimum time interval between LC advisories, the potential LC CVs, and the evolution of vehicle states. The simulation-based method is applied to predict vehicle delay, which is formulated as an implicit function of the LC strategies for CVs. Genetic Algorithm (GA) is designed for solutions. The numerical studies validate the advantages of the proposed model. The sensitivity analysis shows that: 1) the critical CV penetration rate is 60%, below which the marginal benefits are significant with increasing CV penetration rates;and 2) the consideration of the response time and the compliance degree of CVs makes a great difference. IEEE

关键词： Vehicles

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Improving Breast Cancer Detection Accuracy Through Random Forest Machine Learning Algorithm

Improving Breast Cancer Detection Accuracy Through Random Fo...

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International Conference on Advanced engineering, Technology and Applications, ICAETA 2024

作者： Agrawal, Atul Khanday, Akib MohiUd Din Alazzawi, Esraa Mohammed Bhushan, Bharat Baniya, Pashupati Jamil, Akhtar Department of Computer Science and Engineering ITS Engineering College Greater Noida India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sharda University Greater Noida India Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering United Arab Emirates University Al Ain Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Department of Computer Engineering University of Baghdad Al-Jadriya Baghdad10071 Iraq Department of Computer Science National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences Islamabad44000 Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9783031709234

Breast cancer continues to be a significant global health issue that greatly affects the well-being of people worldwide. Detecting breast cancer early is vital for improving the outcomes of patients. One promising method for breast cancer detection is the use of the Random Forest machine learning algorithm. In a recent research paper, we investigated how Random Forest can be used to predict breast cancer by employing explainable AI techniques. We analyzed the specific features that the algorithm relies on to classify breast cancer and highlighted the advantages of Random Forest compared to other machine learning algorithms in diagnosing breast cancer. Our model offers a well-thought-out, efficient, and easily understandable approach to predicting breast cancer using explainable machine learning techniques. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Pre-Trained Language Models Represent Some Geographic Populations Better Than Others 30

Pre-Trained Language Models Represent Some Geographic Popula...

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Joint 30th International Conference on Computational Linguistics and 14th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, LREC-COLING 2024

作者： Dunn, Jonathan Adams, Benjamin Madabushi, Harish Tayyar University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Department of Linguistics United States University of Canterbury Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering New Zealand University of Bath Department of Computer Science United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9782493814104

This paper measures the skew in how well two families of LLMs represent diverse geographic populations. A spatial probing task is used with geo-referenced corpora to measure the degree to which pre-trained language models from the opt and bloom series represent diverse populations around the world. Results show that these models perform much better for some populations than others. In particular, populations across the US and the UK are represented quite well while those in South and Southeast Asia are poorly represented. Analysis shows that both families of models largely share the same skew across populations. At the same time, this skew cannot be fully explained by sociolinguistic factors, economic factors, or geographic factors. The basic conclusion from this analysis is that pre-trained models do not equally represent the world's population: there is a strong skew towards specific geographic populations. This finding challenges the idea that a single model can be used for all populations. © 2024 ELRA Language Resource Association: CC BY-NC 4.0.

关键词： geographic corpora population skew spatial probing under-represented populations

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BIFT: A federated learning System for Connected and Autonomous Vehicles Based on Blockchain 3

BIFT: A federated learning System for Connected and Autonomo...

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3rd International Conference on Advance Computing and Innovative Technologies in engineering, ICACITE 2023

作者： Yadav, Aarti Kaur, Amandeep Vivekananda Global University Department of Computer Science Engineering Jaipur India Chandigarh School of Business Department of Master of Computer Application Jhanjeri India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350399264

Algorithms for machine learning(ML) are essential for autonomous driving. The vast majority of history's automated and connected cars send a significant quantity of movement data collected from many automobiles to a central server for regular training. Nonetheless, the info process has made the safety and confidentiality of information essential. Nowadays, the development of federated learning (FL) for data security has the potential to potential to enhance distributed machine learning's data privacy. The malicious attackers might still target the training process, though. FL is extremely vulnerable because of its total dependency on the central server. We suggest BIFT as a solution to the aforementioned issue, which consists of two parts: 1) a completely decentralized 2) A blockchain-based machine learning system for CAVs that guarantees privacy. With the use of their own driving data, BIFT's scattered CAVs may train local machine learning models, which they can subsequently upload to improve the global model. In order to fend off potential attackers, BIFT offers a consensus mechanism called Proof of Federated Learning. We assess BIFT's performance and demonstrate that it is scalable, reliable, and capable of fending off harmful assaults. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Autonomous vehicles

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Unified Approach Integrating Machine Learning Algorithms for Detection of e-Mail Phishing Attacks 1

Unified Approach Integrating Machine Learning Algorithms for...

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1st International Conference on Computing, sciences and Communications, ICCSC 2024

作者： Mathur, Abeer Dubey, Abhinav Sudhakar Mahara, Pranav Singh Gandhi, Usha Devi School of Computer Science & Engineering Vellore Institute of Technology Department of Software Systems Vellore India School of Computer Science Engineering & Information Systems Vellore Institute of Technology Department of Information Technology Vellore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350353648

With the ever-rising risk of phishing attacks, which capitalize on vulnerable human behavior in the contemporary digital space, requires new cybersecurity methods. This literary work contributes to the solution by novel incorporation of three techniques: Support Vector Machine (SVM), Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Random Forest (RF). Utilizing NLP for deep analysis of text in phishing e-mails, SVM for strong categorization and Random Forest's decision making by group helps in improving detection. This combination of language and pattern analysis along with group learning builds a fortified system. This approach differs from prior work on a variety of factors such as reliability, security, integrity, scalability, interpretability, transparency, and robustness. Thorough evaluation on a reliable dataset aimed to demonstrate the method's effectiveness, which resulted in 98.7 % of accuracy in detection. This majorly aims at showcasing the potential of ensemble techniques to combat against cyber-attacks like phishing for laying a strong foundation for a secure digital environment. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Phishing

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Performance Based Scheduling in Distributed Mixed Criticality Systems

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 95321-95340页

作者： Ali, Amjad Wasly, Saud Khattak, Asad Masood Ali, Ihsan Iqbal, Shahid Hayat, Bashir University of Swat Department of Computer and Software Technology Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Swat Pakistan King Abdul Aziz University Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Jaddah Saudi Arabia Zayed University College of Technological Innovation United Arab Emirates Institute of Management Sciences School of Computer Science and IT Peshawar Pakistan

With a focus on computationally intensive, distributed, and parallel workloads, scheduling in mixed-criticality distributed systems presents significant challenges due to shared memory and resources, as well as the diverse demands of tasks. The system’s efficiency is heavily dependent on the overall scheduling duration (make span), while individual task deadlines impose strict timing constraints. When the tasks need to simultaneously access the shared memory, then these tasks interfere the execution of one another. For managing the scheduling of interfering tasks in distributed mixed-criticality systems, a novel Interference-Aware Partitioning Fixed Priority (IAP-FP) approach is proposed, which effectively handles task partitioning among cores while considering interference, ensuring better performance and adherence to critical deadlines. This method reduces task waiting times, which minimizes the scheduling duration and improving the schedulability of the task set. The novel proposed approach is compared with Mixed-Criticality Multicore Compositional Earliest Deadline First (MMC-EDF), Global and Mixed Criticality Partitioning (MC-Partitioning) approaches to show the efficiency. The proposed approach schedules 75% tasks while the MMC-EDF, Global and MC-Partitioning approaches schedules 65%, 0% and 18% tasks respectively for target utilization U=0.8. As the utilization of mixed criticality (MC) workload increases, the schedulability of MC task sets decreases, but still the proposed approach performs better than the MMC-EDF, Global and MC-partitioning approaches. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Embedded systems

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Fast Implementation of Eta-T pairing on FPGAs

Fast Implementation of Eta-T pairing on FPGAs

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2024 International Conference on Horizons of Information Technology and engineering, HITE 2024

作者： Aslam, Waseem Raza, Asim University of Central Punjab Department of Software Engineering Lahore Pakistan University of Central Punjab Department of Computer Science Lahore Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516055

Key distribution as a core feature of any security system is one of the challenging tasks in an online transaction. Pairing is used to share the key between the users as an answer to the underlying security problem. Diffie-Hellman key exchange protocol computes pairing in two rounds whereas Eta-T is the most efficient and widely used pairing algorithm in the field of elliptic curve cryptosystems. After careful analysis of existing Eta-T pairing techniques, this work proposes a modification from serial computation scheme to parallel for better overall performance. Parallel Karatsuba multiplier and Most Significant reduction algorithm is used to speed up and optimize the pairing algorithm. Consequently, proposed pairing accelerator calculates Eta-T pairing in just 36.4μs and takes only 3597 clock cycles with maximum clock frequency of 98.7 MHz on Virtex-II. Further, by increasing the number of coefficients processed per cycle up to 6, this work shows reduction in the calculation time and clock cycles of Eta-T pairing up to 26.16μs and 1997 respectively. It is also shown that calculation time starts increasing after reaching D = 14. Similarly, it is shown that the fastest calculation of Eta-T pairing in characteristics three over the field F397 uses significantly less clock cycles than previous known implementations at the cost of less clock frequency. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Electric clocks

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Optimizing auditory brainstem response detection through NSGA-II guided feature selection

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第15期37卷 8925-8943页

作者： Majidpour, Jafar Hassanzadeh, Hiwa Khezri, Edris Arabi, Hossein Department of Software Engineering University of Raparin Kurdistan Region Rania Iraq Department of Computer Science University of Raparin Kurdistan Region Rania Iraq Department of Computer Engineering Islamic Azad University Boukan Branch Boukan Iran Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Department of Medical Imaging Geneva University Hospital Geneva1211 Switzerland

Hearing-impaired people undergo auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing to assess their peripheral auditory nerve system. Audiologists apply diagnostic labels to ABR data using reference-based indicators such as peak latency, waveform shape, amplitude, and others. ABR test scoring errors may invalidate auditory nerve system integrity results. Machine learning, especially deep learning, may reduce human error in ABR analysis. This work offers a complete methodology to handle ABR analysis problems. First, extract ABR test images from PDF reports to create a dataset. The next step uses Elastic Distortion approach to create high-quality ABR images while conserving data. ResNet-50 deep learning extracts ABR image characteristics in the third phase. The fourth step finds the most relevant features using a trainable multi-objective non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II optimizer. Finally, ABR images are classified using machine learning algorithms. The proposed model achieved significant performance metrics: an accuracy of 99.46%, precision of 99.33%, specificity of 99.57%, sensitivity of 99.57%, F1-score of 99.43%, and a mean squared error of 0.0054 when using a support vector machine classifier with both augmented and original images. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of trainable feature selection and high-quality ABR images in improving ABR analysis accuracy. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Mean square error

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