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International Seminar on Research of Information Technology and Intelligent Systems (ISRITI)

作者： Jia Hao Loo Veronica Lestari Jauw Chin Seong Lim Khairul-Rijal Sarmin Nunung Nurul Qomariyah Ahmad Nurul Fajar Department of Mechanical Materials and Manufacturing Engineering University of Nottingham Malaysia Malaysia Continental Tyre Technology Centre Malaysia Petaling Jaya Malaysia Computer Science Department School of Computing and Creative Arts Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Information System Management Department BINUS Graduate Program-Master Information Systems Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9798331519643

ISBN: (纸本)9798331519650

This study aims to develop a system for extracting crucial information from tire sidewalls using Optical Character Recognition (OCR). Initially, images of tire were captured manually by smartphone cameras, including Redmi 9T, iPhone 11, and Galaxy S23 Ultra. The captured images are then transferred to a computer for storage. Subsequently, these images were cropped according to the boundaries identified by Hough Circle Transform (HCT). The cropped images were then further pre-processed. During the pre-processing phase, geometrical transformation and image sharpening techniques are applied to enhance the clarity and readability of the text images. The text is then extracted using Google Vision, with the extracted text categorized by size, DOT, brand and pattern. The results indicated that the effectiveness of image pre-processing was constrained by the accuracy of circle detection, which reached a maximum rate of 87.1%. This causes parts of the text to be cut out inaccurately, leading to a suboptimal extraction accuracy of 55.65%. It is also observed that the Redmi 9T camera produced inconsistent results compared to other devices. Specifically, the iPhone 11 and Samsung Galaxy S23 Ultra demonstrated superior extraction accuracies of 69.71% and 66.37%, respectively, whereas the Redmi 9T achieved a lower extraction accuracy of 37.76%.

关键词： Accuracy Optical character recognition Text categorization Lighting Transforms US Department of Transportation Cameras Tires Internet Data mining

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Feasibility testing of my Otoman electropneumatic gloves to improve lower arm strength of patient with stroke

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3155卷

作者： Erna Rochmawati Fitri Arofiati Bambang Riyanta Master of Nursing Postgraduate Program Universitas Muhammadyah Yogyakarta Yogyakarta Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Yogyakarta Indonesia

Patients with stroke generally experience disability in their extremities which require a long time of rehabilitation in hospitals. The advancement of technology creates many equipments to aid the rehabilitation. The current study aimed to develop mobility aid in the form of gloves equipped with an electropneumatic device to assist post stroke therapy doing rehabilitation independently. We developed My Otoman gloves, a pneumatically driven system and conducted initial testing of the gloves among patients with stroke. My Otoman glove consists of: (1) a glove, (2) a microcontroller system (3) electro pneumatic. Initial testing was conducted among eight patients with stroke. Our study shows that the device prototype is able to help patients with post stroke condition who had lower arm mobility impairment to open their hand. Muscle strength in lower arm was increased after the use of My Otoman glove. In term of easiness using the glove, the average score of patient’s rate was 3.63 of 5 point means that the glove was easy and comfort when being used. Results from the current study will be used to guide further improvements to the device which could be applied in the clinical practice.

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A New Damage Index for Structural Health Monitoring: A Comparison of Time and Frequency Domains

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Procedia Computer Science 2021年 179卷 930-935页

作者： Fergyanto E. Gunawan Tran Huu Nhan Muhammad Asrol Yasuhiro Kanto Insannul Kamil Sutikno Industrial Engineering Department BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Industrial Engineering Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480 Department of Automotive Engineering Faculty of Transportation Engineering Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam Mechanical Systems Engineering College of Engineering Ibaraki University Ibaraki Japan Department of Industrial Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Andalas University Padang Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya Indonesia

With the adoption of the damage tolerance design principle, the health monitoring system has become an integral part of the operation of engineering structures. For the system to work, a damage indicator that describes the structural integrity level should be established and monitored. The damage indicator is usually derived from structural responses. Many quantities have been proposed for damage indicator including natural frequency, mode shape, curvature, strain energy, and t-, F-, and z-statistics. In this paper, we propose a new damage indicator in the time and frequency domains derived from the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. We evaluate the method by using data obtained from a numerical simulation of a cracked beam. The beam deformation is nonlinear due to the contact between the crack faces during vibration. The proposed damage index is estimated in the domains for various observation points on the beam. Besides, the existence of the crack is also predicted by the widely used traditional method based on the change of the natural frequency and mode shape. A comparison is made between the present method and the existing ones. We conclude the present proposal is more sensitive to detect the crack.

关键词： Euler-Bernoulli Beam Structural Health Monitoring Damage Indicator Natural Frequency Finite Element Method

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Algal biomass based bio-refineries: Concurrent pre-treatment strategies and perspectives for sustainable feedstock

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Biomass and Bioenergy 2024年 187卷

作者： Shashikumar, Uday Ranjan, Kumar Rakesh Sharma, Ankit Naina Subramanian, Balaji Tsai, Pei-Chien Lin, Yuan-Chung Lay, Chyi-How Wang, Chin-Tsan Biswas, Shelly Ponnusamy, Vinoth Kumar Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung City 807 Taiwan Department of Chemistry Amity Institute of Applied Sciences Amity University Uttar Pradesh Noida201303 India Department of Mechanical Engineering SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Tamil Nadu Chennai603203 India Institute of Environmental Engineering National Sun Yat-Sen University Taiwan Master Program of Green Energy Science and Technology Feng Chia University Taiwan Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering National I-Lan University I Lan Taiwan Department of Space Engineering and Rocketry Birla Institute of Technology Mesra Jharkhand Ranchi835215 India 807 Kaohsiung City Taiwan 807 Kaohsiung City Taiwan Department of Computational Biology Institute of Bioinformatics Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Tamil Nadu Chennai602105 India Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung City81157 Taiwan Department of Food Science National Pingtung University of Science and Technology Pingtung91201 Taiwan

The quest for viable and scalable biofuel sources has been at the forefront of scientific innovation for the past three decades. Due to its rich chemical constituents, microalgal biomass has emerged as a pivotal sustainable and scalable feedstock for biorefineries. This comprehensive review critically analyzes the different types of microalgae feedstock, concurrent extraction technologies, bio-pre-treatment procedures, and the key chemical and physical parameters influencing lipid formation and algal biofuel production. We propose a novel approach of photo-initiated culturing of algal biomass using photobioreactors (PBRs) to address the limitations of concurrent space and time-related constraints. The innovative photo bio-refinery strategy presented herein aims to enhance sustainability factors while minimizing emissions, catering to the needs of futuristic non-electric vehicles. A comparative quality analysis of microalgae-derived biofuel against conventional fossil fuels and other biofuels is conducted, considering chemical, environmental, economic, and social perspectives. Furthermore, we elucidate the efficacy of bio-pre-treatment strategies such as dehydration, hydrothermal liquefaction, pyrolysis, and gasification in optimizing biofuel production. The proposed photo biorefineries exhibit the potential to yield a diverse range of value-added products, including biodiesel, biogases, bio-fertilizers, bio-pesticides, bio-alcohols, dyes, proteins, carotenoids, and drug vitals. This review provides a comprehensive framework for the development of sustainable and efficient microalgae-based biorefineries, paving the way for a greener and more economically viable future in the biofuel industry. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Feedstocks

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Development of low-cost tool for assessing chlorophyll content using the mobile-phone camera

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3086卷

作者： Wahyu Nurkholis Hadi Syahputra Chatchawan Chaichana Ramnarong Wanison Braja Manggala Graduate Master’s Degree Program in Energy Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand Energy Technology for Environment Research Center Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai 50200 Thailand

Leaves can be used to assess the health of a plant. The chlorophyll content and nitrogen status of plants might be used to assess plant health. Chlorophyll content of plant leaves is measurable in the laboratory using dimethyl sulfoxide or the Kjeldahl technique. These destructive investigations of plant tissues accurately evaluates chlorophyll concentration and nitrogen status. However, this procedure is costly and time-consuming. Using a SPAD instrument, non-destructive chlorophyll measurements were performed. However, the price of the instrument is high. This research intends to develop a technique for detecting chlorophyll content using a smartphone’s built-in camera. The approach used is an advancement of ground-based remote sensing technology. The object of this research is maize. An RGB camera on a mobile phone was used to gather data on the greenness level of the leaf. Concurrently, the SPAD value was measured to determine the chlorophyll content. In this study, there were three primary phases, capturing leaf images with geotags, leaf image processing, and vegetation index (VIs) analysis. This research demonstrated that a mobile camera has potential as a tool for measuring chlorophyll content depending on the level of leaf greenness. Additionally, the GPS function on each data provides the chlorophyll distribution in a field.

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Binary energy production from pineapple peel waste and optimized by statistical and machine learning approaches

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Fuel 2024年 372卷

作者： Chen, Wei-Hsin Liu, Li-Xuan Sheen, Herng-Kuang Culaba, Alvin B. Shiong Khoo, Kuan Lim, Steven Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy Tunghai University Taichung 407 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung 411 Taiwan International Master Degree Program on Energy National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan Sugar Business Division Taiwan Sugar Corporation Tainan 701 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering De La Salle University Manila Philippines Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman Malaysia

This study uses a two-stage process to treat pineapple peel waste (PPW), including alkaline ionized water (AIW) pretreatment and microwave-assisted heating (MAH) hydrolysis. It also contains two objective functions: hydrochar yield and hydrolysis ratio. The experimental design utilizes the Taguchi method to determine optimal conditions by calculating the signal-to-noise ratio. The designed experimental results are used to predict optimal conditions through artificial neural networks (ANN). In the first step, AIW pretreatment reduces the lignin content of PPW by 17.5 % and increases the cellulose content by 14.8 %. SEM analysis reveals a roughening of its surface, while BET analysis identifies a slightly porous structure. These characteristics provide an increased efficiency for subsequent hydrolysis. In the second step, thermogravimetric analysis indicates that a substantial hemicellulose loss is observed when the hydrolysis concentration or temperature increases. This finding aligns with the ranking of factor impacts obtained from the Taguchi method. This study also demonstrates the potential of utilizing PPW for energy production. The hydrochar, hydrolyzed under optimal conditions, increases its calorific value by 10.11 % to 18.29 MJ‧kg⁻¹, making it suitable for use as solid fuel. The hydrolysate has 52.85 g‧L^-1 reducing sugar, which can be fermented to produce ethanol and is much higher than those reported in the literature. Through the Taguchi method and ANN, the optimal experimental factor combination prediction reveals the significant impact of acid hydrolysis compared to AIW pretreatment. The optimal hydrochar yield and hydrolysis ratio in the Taguchi method are 38.75 % and 63.62 %, respectively. In ANN, they are 41.51 % and 58.38 %, respectively, with relative errors of 7.08 % and 8.23 % compared to the experimental results. This research helps turn solid waste into green fuels and approach a circular bioeconomy. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Alkaline ionized water (AIW) Artificial neural network (ANN) Hydrochar Microwave-assisted heating (MAH) Pineapple peel waste (PPW) Taguchi method

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Technology Readiness and Economic Benefits of Swappable Battery Standard: Its Implication for Open Innovation

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Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 2022年第2期8卷

作者： Aqidawati, Era Febriana Sutopo, Wahyudi Pujiyanto, Eko Hisjam, Muhammad Fahma, Fakhrina Ma’aram, Azanizawati Master Program of Industrial Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta 57126 Indonesia Centre of Excellence for Electrical Energy Storage Technology Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta 57126 Indonesia Research Group Industrial Engineering and Techno-Economic Department of Industrial Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta 57126 Indonesia School of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Baru 81310 Malaysia

The innovation of electric motorcycle swap-battery (EMSB) technology encourages the formation of a new ecosystem at the early stage of the supply chain. The EMSB technology has allowed an open innovation system with collaboration between supply-chain players, universities, and the government for finding a thriving solution to enable the faster adoption and diffusion of EMSB in Indonesia. Standardization is seen as a way to accelerate the downstream EMSB technology innovation to leverage the economic benefits and to support the growth of a green economy in Indonesia. This study aimed to propose a model with which to measure the technology readiness of the EMSB’s stakeholders in implementing the swappable battery (SB) standard. We developed the technometric framework and Economic Benefits of Standards—ISO Methodology 2.0. We generated 13 criteria of technoware, humanware, inforware, and orgaware and 21 indicators of the standard’s impacts to be utilized as a measurement model. We interviewed 11 respondents consisting of the standard regulator, research and development center, manufacturer, testing labs, and product-certification bodies. The results show the technology contribution coefficient (TCC) and earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) value representing the SB standard’s feasibility. The proposed model can evaluate the weak points and propose strategies to leverage the SB standard’s technology readiness and economic benefits. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

关键词： economic benefits electric motorcycle swap-battery green economy open innovation swappable battery standard technology readiness

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Taguchi optimization and analysis of variance for thermoelectric generators with forced convection air cooling

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Applied Thermal engineering 2023年 231卷

作者： Chen, Wei-Hsin Carrera Uribe, Manuel Luo, Ding Jin, Liwen Huat Saw, Lip Lamba, Ravita Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy Tunghai University Taichung407 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung411 Taiwan International Master Degree Program on Energy Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan College of Electrical Engineering & New Energy China Three Gorges University Yichang443000 China Institute of Building Environment and Sustainable Technology School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science Tunku Abdul Rahman University Kajang43000 Malaysia Department of Electrical Engineering Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur India

In recent years, humanity has experienced the effects of using unsustainable energy sources that pollute the environment while being inefficient. Most of the primary energy input used in energy conversion processes is lost in the form of heat. Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) have the potential to recover some of this wasted heat;however, their low energy conversion efficiency needs to be addressed. Previous literature has shown effective optimization of thermoelectric generation systems through statistical tools such as the Taguchi method that optimized all the parameters that affect the outcome of the system. To this date, no research has considered wind speed for convection heat transfer as one of the optimizable parameters. This study aims to optimize the operating conditions of commercially available TEGs that are cooled by forced convection simulating naturally occurring wind speeds and operate under low-quality waste heat temperatures to improve the TEG performance further. Two commercially available TEGs are optimized via the Taguchi method. The Taguchi method is implemented with three parameters and three levels, making an L9 orthogonal array. The objective function is the maximum output power. The optimized parameters are the hot side temperature, the heat sink size, and the wind airspeed. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used alongside the Taguchi orthogonal array for the statistical analysis of the results. The optimization results show that the hot side temperature is the most influential parameter to the output power. In addition, the change in the heat sink size also significantly influences the output power, whereas the impact of the wind speed is not as significant. In addition, interaction analysis between the parameters is performed. The Taguchi method yields satisfactory optimization results. The optimized system yields 0.65 W of power at 140 °C hot side temperature, Model K402 heat sink, and 3.7 m·s−1 wind speed. The influence of the air velocity

关键词： Design of experiments

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Digital twin for subsea pipeline corrosion monitoring location based on ILI-MFL pipeline operator forum and potentiodynamic test

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3076卷

作者： Ekha Panji Syuryana Muhammad Agus Kariem I. G. N. Wiratmaja Puja M. Irvan Maulana Uriyana Rizki Agus Doctoral Study Program Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Bandung Institute of Technology Bandung Indonesia Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Bandung Institute of Technology Bandung Indonesia Faculty of Industrial Technology Pertamina University Jakarta Indonesia Master Study Program Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Bandung Institute of Technology Bandung Indonesia PT Dago Energi Nusantara Bandung Indonesia

The limitation of subsea pipeline access coupled with limited personnel mobilization due to the COVID-19 pandemic has become a challenge in pipeline inspections. With these limitations, this study’s Inspection Data Management System (IDMS) was carried out by processing data from In Line Inspection-Magnetic Flux Leakage (ILI-MFL) to be developed into digital twin data initiation by simulating anomalies that occur using a potentiodynamic test. The analysis was carried out using the Pipeline Operator Forum (POF) diagram to map the corrosion morphology of the pipeline. Sampling is carried out using pipeline material API 5L-X42 which will form a certain corrosion morphology that represents pinhole, pitting, and general corrosion which is adjusted to the anomalies feature and metal loss depth from pipe tally in the form of length, width, and depth percent of the anomaly to the nominal wall thickness. Potentiodynamic testing was carried out using corrtest instrument 5.0, resulting in tafel polarization to define Resistance of polarization using a stern geary approach. The results are then analyzed to determine the material in resisting damage which shows corrosion rate (for general) and pitting rate (for pitting and pinhole) which is <0.02 mmpy for outstanding, 0.02-0.1 mmpy for excellent, 0.1-0.5 mmpy for good and 0.5-1 mmpy for fair. This digital twin method combined ILI MFL and Potentiodynamic testing to result in the type of anomalies, metal loss depth, dimension of anomalies from the results of the POF diagram, and determination of corrosion rate and pitting rate of API 5L-X42 material in the subsea pipeline.

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Morphology and structure of bacterial nanocellulose nanocomposite reinforced by titanium dioxide in presence of polyethylene glycol

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3027卷

作者： Muhammad Rizky Abdillah Heru Suryanto Aminnudin Susanto Arif Sardjono Jibril Maulana Departement of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Negeri Malang Jl. Surabaya 6 Malang East Java Indonesia Center of Excellence for Cellulose Composite (CECCOM) Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Negeri Malang Jl. Semarang 5 Malang 65145 Indonesia Master Program of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Negeri Malang Jl. Surabaya 6 Malang East Java Indonesia

Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) composite membrane reinforced with titanium dioxide (TiO2) and addition polyethylene glycol (PEG) were analyzed in the study. Bacterial cellulose (BC) pellicle from pineapple peel waste extract. BC pellicle was cleaned with 1% NaOH. BC was mashed with a blender and carried out a high-pressure homogenizer (HPH) method of 5 cycles at a pressure of 150 bar, filtered through a vacuum filter. Composite membrane synthesized 10 grams BNC, 1% TiO2, and 1% PEG. All were mixed and dried in an oven for 14 hours at 80℃. Morphology and crystallinity were analyzed. SEM morphology of BNC membrane added with PEG made fibers look large because they were coated with PEG. BNC/ TiO2 added with PEG surfactant was able to disperse TiO2 evenly. Results of crystallinity membrane contained 4 diffraction peaks angle 2θ: 14.5°,16.8°, 22.6°, and 25.2°. Diffraction peaks BNC with BNC/PEG increase because PEG is a plasticizer making diffraction peaks larger. 1% TiO2 nanoparticles with the addition of 1% PEG caused crystallinity value and crystallinity index to decrease because the low interaction of PEG with TiO2 is hydrophobic, TiO2 is evenly dispersed in an aqueous solution and evenly distributed on the BNC matrix.

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