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Molecular sexing in Bos taurus using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method

IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental science 2022年第1期976卷 012002页

作者： I Fathurrahman A Kusumawati A Rahman Y Ulviani K D Prihantoko L Unsunnidhal Master of Biotechnology Programs Graduate Schools Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta. Doctor of Veterinary Science Programs Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta. Biomedical Field Nursing Study Program STIKES Yarsi Mataram West Nusa Tenggara 83361 Indonesia Department of Reproduction and Obstetrics Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada Jl. Fauna No. 2 Karangmalang Sleman Yogyakarta

Cattle are animals that are widely found all over the world which is the domestication of bulls. In Indonesia, domesticated cattle are used as livestock, could be meat cattle or dairy cattle. The sex of the cattle is very influential in terms of selling, especially the type of bull. Calf bull is a product of the process of artificial insemination with spermatozoa resulting in sexing. Mammals have X and Y chromosomes to distinguish their sex. Each chromosome has a special gene such as the SRY gene on the Y chromosome and the PLP gene on the X chromosome. Molecular methods are effective methods of determining the chromosomes carried by spermatozoa. Both special genes are found in the home box (GADPH) of mammals. Primer is made from the mRNA SRY (sex-determining region Y) sequence from Bos taurus with a size above 200bp (SRY B) and below 200bp (SRY A) so that optimal results are obtained between the two. The type of sample that has been used in this research was sexing semen from limousin bulls that are treated from 4 pairs of primers each. The results of the qPCR from both primers are viewed from the melt-peak graph and comparison analysis. The differences between SRY A and SRY-B primer indicates that SRY-A produces a more stable melt-peak graph than SRY B. This indicates that the SRY A primer is more stable when used for molecular verification processes using qPCR.

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High resolution melting real-time PCR detect and identify filarial parasites in domestic cats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2018年第12期11卷 682-687页

作者： Darawan Nonsaithong Supit Yotmek Somsri Yotmek Hathai Nochote Sirichit Wongkamcha Sittiruk Roytrakul Usa Lek-Uthai Master of Science (Public Health) Program in Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology Faculty of Graduate Studies Mahidol University Department of Parasitology and Entomology Faculty of Public Health Mahidol University Center for Disease Control Vector Borne Disease Control Center 11.3 Surat Thani Province Department of Parasitology Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital Mahidol University National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC) National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA)

Objective: To detect and identify filarial parasites in dried blood spots(DBS) collected from domestic cats using high resolution melting real-time PCR(HRM RT-PCR). Methods: A total of 208 DBS were collected from domestic cats in a brugian filariasis endemic areas in Surat Thani Province, southern Thailand. Microfilariae were found in 9 blood slides using Giemsa-stained thick blood film. The extracted DNA from blood spot volumes of 10 and 20 μL DBS with positive filarial parasites in cats were performed using HRM RT-PCR method. The primers were designed based on the partial mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene for identifying Brugia malayi, Brugia pahangi, Dirofilaria immitis. All purified samples were then detected. Results: Using different volumes of 10 μL and 20 μL DBS could easily distinguish filarial parasites and showed similar results. PCR amplicons of Brugia malayi, Brugia pahangi and Dirofilaria immitis were determined at melting peak(temperature) of 75.70℃, 77.46 ℃, and 73.56 ℃, respectively. All 9 positive DBS samples showed positive Brugia pahangi and similar nucleotide sequences. Conclusions: This HRM RT-PCR method is able to diagnose, identify and discriminate filarial parasites collected from DBS, which is simple and inexpensive compared with other probe-based genotyping methods. Furthermore, this method is useful to survey, prevent and control filariasis.

关键词： High resolution melting analysis Dried blood spot Brugia malayi Brugia pahangi Dirofilaria immitis

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Genomic Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Taiwan: A Perspective on Evolutionary Data Interpretation and Sequencing Issues

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Biomedical journal 2024年 100820页

作者： Yu-Nong Gong Nai-Yu Kuo Ting-Syuan Yeh Shin-Ru Shih Guang-Wu Chen Research Center for Emerging Viral Infections College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan International Master Degree Program for Molecular Medicine in Emerging Viral Infections College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan Department of Laboratory Medicine Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan Taiwan. Medical Education Department Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan Taiwan. National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology National Health Research Institutes Taiwan. Department of Laboratory Medicine Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan Taiwan Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology College of Human Ecology Chang Gung University of Science and Technology Taoyuan Taiwan. Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering College of Engineering Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan. Electronic address: gwchen@mail.cgu.edu.tw.

This review presents a comprehensive perspective on the genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Taiwan, with a focus on next-generation sequencing and phylogenetic interpretation. This article aimed to explore how Taiwan has utilized genomic sequencing technologies and surveillance to monitor and mitigate the spread of COVID-19. We examined databases and sources of genomic sequences and highlighted the role of data science methodologies in the explanation and analyses of evolutionary data. This review addressed the challenges and limitations inherent in genomic surveillance, such as concerns regarding data quality and the necessity for interdisciplinary expertise for accurate data interpretation. Special attention was given to the unique challenges faced by Taiwan, including its high population density and major transit destination for international travelers. We underscored the far-reaching implications of genomic surveillance data for public health policy, particularly in influencing decisions regarding travel restrictions, vaccine administration, and public health decision-making. Studies were examined to demonstrate the effectiveness of using genomic data to implement public health measures. Future research should prioritize the integration of methodologies and technologies in evolutionary data science, particularly focusing on phylodynamic analytics. This integration is crucial to enhance the precision and applicability of genomic data. Overall, we have provided an overview of the significance of genomic surveillance in tracking SARS-CoV-2 variants globally and the pivotal role of data science methodologies in interpreting these data for effective public health interventions.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 data science genomic surveillance next-generation sequencing phylodynamics

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Unlocking the potential of bacterial cellulose: synthesis, functionalization, and industrial impact

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International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 2025年第Pt 3期311卷 143951页

作者： Kumaravel, Ashokkumar Lin, Shin-Ping Santoso, Shella Permatasari Shanmugasundaram, Saranya Hsu, Hsien-Yi Hsieh, Chang-Wei Chou, Yu-Chieh Lin, Hui-Wen Cheng, Kuan-Chen Institute of Food Science and Technology National Taiwan University Daan District Taipei10617 Taiwan School of Food Safety Taipei Medical University 250 Wu-Hsing Street Taipei11031 Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry Taipei Medical University 250 Wu-Hsing Street Taipei11031 Taiwan Chemical Engineering Master Program Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University Kalijudan 37 Surabaya60114 Indonesia Collaborative Research Center for Zero Waste and Sustainability Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University Kalijudan 37 Surabaya60114 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Widya Mandala Catholic University Surabaya Kalijudan 37 Surabaya60114 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering University of Ulsan 93 Daehak-ro Nam-gu Ulsan44610 Korea Republic of City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Tong Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen518057 China Department of Food Science and Biotechnology National Chung-Hsing University Taichung City40227 Taiwan Department of Food Science National Ilan University Yilan City260007 Taiwan Institute of Medicine Chung Shan Medical University Taichung40201 Taiwan Department of Medical Research Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Taichung40201 Taiwan Institute of Biotechnology National Taiwan University 1 Roosevelt Rd. Sec. 4 Taipei10607 Taiwan Department of Optometry Asia University 500 Lioufeng Rd. Wufeng Taichung41350 Taiwan Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital China Medical University 91 Hsueh-Shih Road Taichung40402 Taiwan Department of Food Science Fu Jen Catholic University 510 Zhongzheng Rd. Xinzhuang Dist. New Taipei City242062 Taiwan

In recent years, bacterial cellulose (BC), a crystalline and nanoscale fibrillar polymer, has garnered significant interest due to its superior physical, chemical, and mechanical properties compared to plant cellulose. Inherent features of BC, which include high biodegradability, mechanical strength, and biocompatibility, make it a suitable material for use in a wide variety of applications, particularly in the domains of biomedicine and environmental science. However, realizing its full potential requires targeted chemical or physical modifications. Recent developments have focused on in-situ and ex-situ BC modification for various applications. Incorporating functional compounds into cellulose during BC synthesis enhances its strength and functional properties. Additionally, the material properties of BC, such as water content, thermal stability, and antibacterial capabilities, can be enhanced through post-synthesis modifications, including chemical acetylation, phosphorylation, and integration with other biopolymers. Currently, the applicability of BC is being improved using new modification techniques, which involve genetically engineered strains to enhance polymer characteristics and market potential. The review highlights recent advancements in BC research and novel modification strategies that enhance its applications in advanced biomedical engineering and sustainable packaging. © 2025

关键词： Acetylation

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Persistence and dynamic structures of diverse cephalosporinase genes in nontyphoidal Salmonella in cross-sectional surveillance in Taiwan

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International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents 2023年第4期62卷 106944-106944页

作者： Lee, Yuarn-Jang Chang, Yu-Chu Lee, I-Hui Ho, Kuo-Hao Fang, Shiuh-Bin Lauderdale, Tsai-Ling Chen, Ting-Wen Chen, Ku-Chung Huang, Chih-Hung Huang, Tzu-Wen Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Internal Medicine Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University New Taipei City Taiwan Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Pediatrics Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University New Taipei City Taiwan Department of Medical Research Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University New Taipei City Taiwan Department of Pediatrics School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Master Program in Clinical Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoproteomics College of Pharmacy Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology National Health Research Institutes Zhunan Taiwan Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Biological Science and Technology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B) National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Institute of Chemical Engineering National Taipei University of Technology Taipei Taiwan

Objectives: Nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) is a major foodborne pathogen causing from acute gastroenteritis to bacteraemia, particularly in paediatric and elderly patients. Antimicrobial resistance of NTS, especially resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins, has emerged over the past decades. Methods: Thirteen NTS isolates resistant to ceftriaxone or cefotaxime were collected from a teaching hospital in Taipei, and another three from a tertiary hospital, in New Taipei City, Taiwan, from September 2018 to December 2019. Ten other archived isolates from 2000 to 2017 were also obtained. Complete genomes of the 26 isolates were obtained. Serovars, sequence types, resistomes, genetic relatedness, and sequence comparison of plasmids were analyzed. Results: Serogroups B, C2 and E were significantly associated with ampicillin resistance. Over 90% of these 26 isolates are susceptible to carbapenems and colistin. Genomic epidemiology of these isolates shows that bla_CMY-2-harbouring isolates in different serovars were prevalent over two decades, presumably resulting from highly mobile IncI1 plasmid harbouring bla_CMY-2. One type of the IncI1 plasmids contained a mobile element, IS26, which might be involved in the acquisition of antimicrobial resistance genes. Two emerging serovars, S. Goldcoast ST358 harbouring bla_CTX-M-55 on IncHI2 plasmids and S. Anatum ST64 harbouring bla_DHA-1 on IncA/C₂ plasmids persisted in Taiwan, possibly through the clonal spread. Integration of complete or partial plasmid sequences into host chromosomes or multiplications of the antimicrobial resistance genes also appears to be mediated by IS26, in the two emerging clones. Conclusion: The dynamic movement of cephalosporinase genes mediated by IS26 in NTS is of great concern. © 2023 The Authors

关键词： Amplification Chromosome integration Epidemiology Foodborne pathogen Insertion sequence Whole-genome sequencing

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The effects of colchicine concentration and soaking time on formation of leaves and roots of katokkon (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) in vitro

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental science 2020年第1期486卷

作者： Kasmiati R Sjahril M Riadi I Ridwan AR Trisnawaty Master Student Agrotechnology Program Study Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar 90245 Indonesia Laboratory of Plant Bio-science and Reproduction Biotechnology Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar 90245 Indonesia Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Seed Science Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar 90245 Indonesia Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar 90245 Indonesia Department of Agrotechnology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Muhammadiyah Sidenreng Rappang South Sulawesi

Katokkon chili is a plant of the Solanaceae family which has a unique characteristic of fruit shape, spiciness level and also has a sweet taste. In addition, it is a diploid plant with 12 pairs of chromosomes (2n=24). Quality improvement and production of katokkon chili can be done by doubling the chromosomes. This research aimed to study the effect of several concentrations and time of immersion of colchicine on the buds of the katokkon chili shoots. Research activity was carried out by soaking the buds of the katokkon at several concentrations of colchicine (0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, and 1.00%) for some immersion times (1.5 hours, 3 hours and 4.5 hours) resulted in a total of 12 treatment combinations and 1 control. The shoots were grown in vitro on MS media until the roots and leaves grow. The characters observed were the formation of roots and leaves which were then compared to controls. The results show that the concentrations of colchicine (0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, and 1.00%) had a negative effect on the katokkon chili which was characterized by no leaf formation as in control plants (0%). The application of colchicine did not affect root formation, it can be seen from the emergence of roots in shoots which are induced by colchicine similar to control plants without colchicine treatment.

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Development on potential skin anti-aging agents of Cosmos caudatus Kunth via inhibition of collagenase, MMP-1 and MMP-3 activities

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Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology 2023年 110卷 154643页

作者： Yen Chi Loo Hao-Chun Hu Szu-Yin Yu Yi-Hong Tsai Michal Korinek Yang-Chang Wu Fang-Rong Chang Ying-Jung Chen Graduate Institute of Natural Products College of Pharmacy Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan. Graduate Institute of Natural Products College of Pharmacy Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy University of Szeged Szeged Hungary. Institute of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy University of Szeged Szeged Hungary. Department of Pharmacy and Master Program College of Pharmacy and Health Care Tajen University Pingtung County 90741 Taiwan. Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine College of Chinese Medicine China Medical University Taichung 404 Taiwan Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center China Medical University Hospital Taichung 404 Taiwan Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology College of Medical and Health Science Asia University Taichung 404 Taiwan. Electronic address: yachwu@kmu.edu.tw. Department of Medical Research Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung 80708 Taiwan Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 80708 Taiwan Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung 80424 Taiwan. Electronic address: aaronfrc@kmu.edu.tw. Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Sciences College of Pharmacy Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 807 Taiwan. Electronic address: yjchen@cc.kmu.edu.tw.

BACKGROUND:Skin aging is associated with degradation of collagen by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which leads to loss of skin elasticity and formation of wrinkles. Cosmos caudatus Kunth (CC) has been traditionally claimed as an anti-aging agent in Malaysia. Despite its well-known antioxidant activity, the anti-aging properties of CC was not validated. PURPOSE:This study aimed to investigate the anti-aging potential of CC extracts and fractions, particularly their inhibition of collagenase, MMP-1 and MMP-3 activities in human dermal fibroblasts CCD-966SK, followed by isolation, identification and analysis of their bioactive constituents. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:DPPH assay was firstly used to evaluate the antioxidant activity throughout the bioactivity-guided fractionation. Cell viability was determined using MTS assay. Collagenase activity was examined, while MMP-1 and MMP-3 expression were measured using qRT-PCR and western blotting. Then, chemical identification of pure compounds isolated from CC fractions was done by using ESIMS, H and C NMR spectroscopies. HPLC analyses were carried out for bioactive fractions to quantify the major components. RESULTS:Throughout the antioxidant activity-guided fractionation, fractions CC-E2 and CC-E3 with antioxidant activity and no toxicity towards CCD-966SK cells were obtained from CC 75% ethanol partitioned layer (CC-E). Both fractions inhibited collagenase activity, MMP-1 and MMP-3 mRNA and protein expression, as well as NF-κB activation induced by TNF-α in CCD-966SK cells. 14 compounds, which mainly consists of flavonoids and their glycosides, were isolated. Quercitrin (14.79% w/w) and quercetin (11.20% w/w) were major compounds in CC-E2 and CC-E3, respectively, as quantified by HPLC. Interestingly, both fractions also inhibited the MMP-3 protein expression synergistically, compared with treatment alone. CONCLUSION:The quantified CC fractions rich in flavonoid glycosides exhibited skin anti-aging effects via the inhibit

关键词： Anti-aging Collagenase Cosmos caudatus Dermal fibroblast Flavonoid Matrix metalloproteinase

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Kinship of katokkon chili (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) in Tana Toraja and North Toraja Regencies

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental science 2020年第1期486卷

作者： R Sjahril M Riadi I Ridwan Kasmiati I Suryani AR Trisnawaty Laboratory of Plant Bio-science and Reproduction Biotechnology Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar 90245 Indonesia Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Seed Science Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar 90245 Indonesia Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar 90245 Indonesia Master Student Agrotechnology Program Study Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar 90245 Indonesia University of Cokroaminoto Makassar Makassar 90245 Indonesia Departmen of Agrotechnology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Muhammadiyah Sidenreng Rappang

Katokkon chili (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) is one of the chili varieties in the districts of Tana Toraja and North Toraja which has a diversity of shapes in terms of morphology. This study aimed to identify morphological and cytological diversities and to determine kinship of several accessions of katokkon chili. The study used a survey method in which location determination and sampling were done by purposive sampling. The characters observed were plant height, leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, number of flowers per node, fruit length, fruit width, thickness of fruit flesh, fruit stalk length, and number of seeds per fruit. The survey results identified a total of 30 accessions of katokkon chilies consisted of 16 accessions from Tana Toraja Regency and 14 accessions from North Toraja Regency. Morphological analysis results using dendrogram show that the 30 accessions of chili katokkon obtained still had a high kinship with varying fruit shapes and leaf colors. At 96.70% similarity level, two groups were determined (group I consisted of 23 accessions and group II consisted of 7 accessions). Based on the observed characters, at 56.53% similarity, the accession can be categorized into two groups, namely group I (plant height, leaf length, petiole length, and leaf width) and group II (fruit length, fruit stalk length, fruit diameter, number of seeds per fruit and fruit thickness).

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Surface modification of alginate sponge using tannic acid and dodecanethiol for diesel oil spill separation from water

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International journal of biological macromolecules 2025年 317卷 144453页

作者： Ronald Wijaya Kuan-Chen Cheng Shella Permatasari Santoso Shin-Ping Lin Jindrayani Nyoo Putro Jenni Lie Chang-Wei Hsieh Hsien-Yi Hsu Alchris Woo Go Artik Elisa Angkawijaya Chemical Engineering Department National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei 10607 Taiwan. Institute of Biotechnology National Taiwan University 1 Roosevelt Rd. Sec. 4 Taipei 10617 Taiwan Department of Optometry Asia University 500 Lioufeng Rd. Wufeng Taichung 41354 Taiwan Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital China Medical University 91 Hsueh-Shih Rd. Taichung 40402 Taiwan Institute of Food Science and Technology National Taiwan University No.1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Rd. Taipei 10617 Taiwan Dept of Food Science Fu Jen Catholic University 24205 New Taipei City Taiwan. Chemical Engineering Department Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University Surabaya 60114 East Java Indonesia Chemical Engineering Master Program Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University Kalijudan 37 Surabaya 60114 Indonesia Collaborative Research Center for Zero Waste and Sustainability Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University Jl. Kalijudan 37 Surabaya 60114 East Java Indonesia. Electronic address: shella@ukwms.ac.id. School of Food Safety Taipei Medical University 250 Wu-Hsing Street Taipei 11031 Taiwan TMU Research Center for Digestive Medicine Taipei Medical University 250 Wu-Hsing Street Taipei 11031 Taiwan Research Center of Biomedical Device Taipei Medical University 250 Wu-Hsing Street Taipei 11031 Taiwan. Collaborative Research Center for Zero Waste and Sustainability Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University Jl. Kalijudan 37 Surabaya 60114 East Java Indonesia. Department of Food Science and Biotechnology National Chung Hsing University South Dist Taichung City 40227 Taiwan Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital North Dist Taichung City 404333 Taiwan. School of Energy and Environment Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Tong 518057 Hong Kong China Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen 518057 Hong Kong China Department of Che

An environmentally friendly absorbent sponge was successfully developed for diesel spill remediation via alginate polymer crosslinking followed by surface modification using tannic acid and dodecanethiol (TA/Do). The optimal sponge was obtained with a 3 h crosslinking duration, achieving a balance between absorption performance and structural durability, while longer crosslinking times led to increased density and reduced efficiency. Surface modification imparted hydrophobicity to the alginate sponge, confirmed by a water contact angle of 120.2°, and the successful incorporation of TA/Do was confirmed from FTIR and XPS analysis. The modified sponge (AA-3-TA/Do) exhibited a diesel absorption capacity of 17.54 g/g-a 36 % increase over the unmodified form-and retained ~90 % of this capacity after 34 absorption-desorption cycles. Kinetic modeling showed that diesel was rapidly absorbed during early contact, with faster uptake than water. A cytotoxicity assay confirmed its non-toxic nature, indicating environmental compatibility. This study demonstrates that a simple, scalable modification using accessible materials can significantly enhance oil sorbent performance without requiring complex techniques or hazardous reagents.

关键词： Alginate sponge Diesel absorption Oil spill management

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Hydrothermally extraction of saponin from Acanthophyllum glandulosum root – Physico-chemical characteristics and antibacterial activity evaluation

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biotechnology Reports 2020年 27卷 e00507页

作者： Najjar-Tabrizi, Roza Javadi, Afshin Sharifan, Anousheh Chew, Kit Wayne Lay, Chyi-How Show, Pau Loke Jafarizadeh-Malmiri, Hoda Berenjian, Aydin Department of Food Science and Technology Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran Department of Food Hygiene Tabriz Branch Islamic Azad University Tabriz Iran School of Energy and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Malaysia Jalan Sunsuria Bandar Sunsuria Sepang 43900 Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Master's Program of Green Energy Science and Technology Feng Chia University No. 100 Wenhwa Road Seatwen 40724 Taichung Taiwan General Education Center Feng Chia University No. 100 Wenhwa Road Seatwen 40724 Taichung Taiwan Green Energy and Biotechnology Industry Research Center Feng Chia University No. 100 Wenhwa Road Seatwen 40724 Taichung Taiwan Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Nottingham Malaysia Jalan Broga Semenyih 43500 Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Faculty of Chemical Engineering Sahand University of Technology Tabriz 51335-1996 East Azarbaijan Iran School of Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Waikato Hamilton 3240 New Zealand

Saponin was extracted from Acanthophyllum glandulosum root under subcritical water conditions, and effects of root powder and pH of the solution were evaluated on the concentration of the saponin as manifested in its foamability and antioxidant activity using RSM. FT-IR analysis indicated that A. glandulosum root extract had 2 main functional groups (hydroxyl and amide I groups). Saponin with the highest foam height (4.66 cm), concentration (0.080 ppm) and antioxidant activity (90.6 %) was extracted using 10 g of the root powder and pH value of 4. Non-significant differences were observed between the predicted and experimental values of the extraction response variables. The study demonstrated good appropriateness of resulted models by Response Surface Methodology. Furthermore, higher values of R² was attained for the foamability (>0.81) and antioxidant activity (>0.97), as well as large p-values (p > 0.05) indication of their lack-of-fit response verified the acceptable fitness of the provided models. The extracted saponin also showed bactericidal effect, which shows potential as a natural antibacterial compound. © 2020 The Authors

关键词： Acanthophyllum glandulosumroot Antibacterial activity Antioxidant activity Hydrothermal extraction Saponin

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