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International Symposium on Wearable Computers

作者： Sung Park I. Locher A. Savvides M.B. Srivastava A. Chen R. Muntz S. Yuen Electrical Engineering Department UCLA Networked and Embedded Systems Laboratory USA Computer Science Department UCLA Multimedia Systems Laboratory USA

ISBN: (纸本)0769518168

We describe the system design of "Smart Kindergarten", a smart problem solving environment for early childhood education. Two crucial building blocks that make up smart kindergarten are iBadge, a lightweight power-aware sensor-instrumented badge, and Sylph, a sensor middleware infrastructure. Equipped with sensors, radio, and DSP, iBadge has been designed to be worn by kids and teachers to unobtrusively capture the interaction between the kids and their surroundings. The captured data is then wirelessly transmitted to Sylph, a middleware infrastructure, which provides means of accessing the data in coherent and user-friendly manner. In this paper, we present the design challenges of iBadge and Sylph and our efforts in integrating these two systems.

关键词： Wearable sensors Middleware Intelligent sensors Wireless sensor networks Wearable computers embedded computing Computer vision Physics computing Hardware embedded system

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Codesign-extended applications

Codesign-extended applications

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International Workshop on Hardware/Software Codesign (CODES)

作者： B. Grattan G. Stitt F. Vahid Department of Electrical Engineering University of California Riverside USA Department of Electrical Engineering Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of California Center for Embedded Computer Systems at UC Irvine

We challenge the widespread assumption that an embedded system's functionality can be captured in a single specification and then partitioned among software and custom hardware processors. The specification of some functions in software is very different from the specification of the same function in hardware - too different to conceive of automatically deriving one from the other. We illustrate this concept using a digital camera example. We introduce the idea of codesign-extended applications to deal with the situation, wherein critical functions are written in multiple versions, and integrated such that simple compiler/synthesis flags instantiate a particular version along with the necessary control and communication behavior. By capturing a specification as a codesign-extended application, a designer enables smooth migration among platforms with increasing amounts of on-chip configurable logic.

关键词： Hardware Application software Partitioning algorithms Software algorithms Digital cameras embedded computing embedded system embedded software Microprocessors Permission

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A power-configurable bus for embedded systems

A power-configurable bus for embedded systems

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and systems (ISCAS)

作者： Chuanjun Zhang F. Vahid Department of Electrical Engineering University of California Riverside USA Department of Computer Science & Engineering University of California Riverside USA Center for Embedded Computer Systems University of California Irvine USA

Pre-designed configurable platforms, possessing microprocessors, memories, and numerous peripherals on a single chip, are increasing in popularity in embedded system design. Platform configurability enables use in more products, which results in lower cost platforms due to higher volume production. Common configurable features include voltage scaling and cache organization. We introduce a new bus architecture that can be configured for normal performance or low power. The additional hardware that provides this configurability imposes almost no performance overhead in normal mode compared to a non-configurable bus. We show the substantial range of power and performances that such a bus provides, and we show that the low-power configuration can result in energy savings, using a set of benchmarks.

关键词： embedded system Microprocessors Costs Voltage System-on-a-chip Circuits Energy consumption Production Hardware Coprocessors

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Adaptive admission control of multimedia traffic in high-speed networks

Adaptive admission control of multimedia traffic in high-spe...

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IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Control (ISIC)

作者： S. Jagannathan A. Tohmaz A. Chronopoulos H.G. Cheung Embedded Systems and Networking Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Missouri Rolla MO USA Parallel and Distributed Systems Lab Department of Computer Science University of Texas-San Antonio TX USA

This paper proposes a novel real-time adaptive admission control (AAC) scheme with a desired quality of service (QoS) guarantee and high network utilization in high speed networks. The QoS is given in terms of service delay, which is defined as the time it takes for a source to get admitted into the network after it initiates its intended request, packet/cell losses, and transmission delay (time taken to complete transmission from its initiation). AAC uses the following information - the available capacity from a novel adaptive bandwidth estimation scheme, a congestion indicator derived from a congestion controller, peak cell rate estimate from new sources, along with the desired QoS metrics, and outputs an 'admit' or 'reject' decision signal to the new sources while guaranteeing QoS and network utilization. Simulation results are presented by streaming ON/OFF and video data into the network. Results show that the proposed AAC admits significantly more traffic compared to other available admission control schemes thereby guaranteeing high network utilization while maintaining the desired QoS.

关键词： Programmable control Adaptive control Admission control Communication system traffic control High-speed networks Quality of service Delay effects Propagation losses Bandwidth Streaming media

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Assuring a sea vehicles science and technology base for transforming the 21st-century Navy

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 2002年第3期114卷 103-115页

作者： Metrey, RE Truver, SC Whitman, EC Wright, MA RICHARD E. METREY retired from U.S. government service in January 2001 having served as the director of the Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division and prior to formation of the Carderock Division as the technical director of the David Taylor Research Center for a combined total of 15 years. Prior to serving as the technical director of the David Taylor Research Center Mr. Metrey held key positions in the Navy secretariat among them serving as the deputy assistant secretary of the Navy for surface warfare and the principal advisor to the assistant secretary of the Navy (research engineering and systems). He holds a bachelor of science degree in mechanical engineering from Marquette University Milwaukee Wisconsin and a master of science degree in mechanical engineer-ing from George Washington University Washington D.C. DR. SCOTT C. TRUVER is group vice president National Security Studies Anteon Corporation and directs the Center for Security Strategies and Operations in Anteon's Systems Engineering Group. Since 1972 he has participated in numerous studies for government and private industry in the United States and abroad he has also written extensively for U.S. and foreign publications. He has supported key offices in the Navy Secretariat Office of the Chief of Naval Operations and Headquarters U.S. Marine Corps Navy Systems Commands and laboratories and other Navy and Marine Corps commands and activities. Dr. Truver holds a doctor of philosophy degree in marine policy studies (1978)—the first Ph.D. in this field ever awarded by an institute of higher education—and a master of arts degree in political science and international relations (1974) from the University of Delaware where he held research and university fellowships. He also holds a bachelor of arts degree in political science from Susquehanna University (1972) and is a 1968 graduate of Forrest Sherman High School Naples Italy. DR. EDWARD C. WHITMAN serves as senior advisor science policy in Anteon's Center for Security St

With general agreement among the government and commercial sectors on the importance of maintaining both naval supremacy around the world and viable maritime industries at home, the need for developing a "critical mass" of supporting science and relevant engineering practice should be apparent. Moreover, with increasing calls for "partnership" between government and industry as a key element in revitalizing U.S. shipbuilding, the existing public-sector infrastructure of research and development centers and their associated technology base are unique resources. More urgently, achieving the George W Bush administration's goal for widespread "transformation" of the U.S. armed services - the Navy and Coast Guard among them - will require creating new, innovative technologies to support advanced naval platforms for the agile, survivable, and affordable sea-going forces of the 21st century. These factors create an urgent need to reemphasize the importance of a robust technology base in marine engineening for both national and economic security. This paper reviews the arguments for increasing government support for these important disciplines. It further proposes several alternatives - driven by national economic realities - for collaboration between the public and private sectors in creating and sustaining a focal point for maritime technology at the Carderock Division of the Naval Surface Warfare Center, currently the Navy's "flagship" facility for naval platform architecture and marine systems engineering. In his seminal work, The Influence of Seapower Upon History, Alfred Thayer Mahan traced a clear connection between the sea power of ocean-going nations and their civilian maritime infrastructure-the fishing fleets, merchant marine, shipyards, harbors, port facilities, and experienced manpower that create and maintain traditions of seafaring within the lifeblood of the state. He noted: Seapower in the broad sense... includes not only the military strength afloat that r

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Reducing OS overhead for real-time industrial controllers with adjustable timer resolution

Reducing OS overhead for real-time industrial controllers wi...

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IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE)

作者： Tae Rim Park Jae Hyun Park Wook Hyun Kwon Control Information Systems Laboratory School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Seoul National University Seoul South Korea Real-time Embedded Systems Laboratory School of Information and Communication Engineering Inha University Incheon South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)0780370902

In this paper, a new method, named adjustable timer resolution (ATR) is proposed to control tasks in a timely manner, with enhanced performance on real-time operating systems. It prevents useless execution of the timer interrupt service routine (ISR). Features of the proposed method are compared with the conventional method, and the schedulability is analyzed to estimate the performance. As an implementation model, uC/OS-II is modified and ported to a power PC processor system. The metrics and results of the model are presented and discussed.

关键词： Industrial control Real time systems Control systems Operating systems Communication system control Performance analysis embedded system Processor scheduling Power system modeling Time factors

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Total ship training for future aircraft carriers

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 2000年第3期112卷 111-123页

作者： Whitten, T Rikansrud, E Mr. Tim Whitten:is the Training Manager for the NAVSEA CVNX Future Aircraft Carriers Program. Prior to coming to NAVSEA Mr. Whitten worked at the Naval Air Warfare Center Training Systems Division (NAWCTSD) as the Front End Analysis Lead for the San Antonio Class Amphibious Transport Docking Ship (LPD 17). He holds a master's degree in counseling psychology from Nova University Fort Lauderdale Florida. He received his bachelor's degree in psychology from the University of Central Florida Orlando Florida. Mr. Edward Rikansrud:is the CVNX Project Engineer for Training Systems at NAWCTSD. Mr. Rikansrud has held project engineering positions for a wide variety of surface subsurface and air training system development programs. In addition to CVNX Mr. Rikansrud has most recently been involved with the development of shipboard total ship training systems for the LPD 17 and DD 21 (Surface Combatant for the Twenty first Century) platforms. He holds a bachelor of science degree in electrical engineering (BSEE)from the University of Florida Gainesville Florida.

The use of technology to assist in the missions of the Navy has changed. The twenty-first century will see a Navy with fewer but more technical ships, smaller yet more innovative shipboard crews, and the need for rapid responses to changing world battle and peacetime scenarios. A recent study (Defense science Board 1997) has noted the Navy is compelled to build ships that will operate with smaller crews at the same time operational environments require increased capabilities. The Defense science Board study (1997) further states that, "Training is a force multiplier that allows manning reductions through better use of personnel onboard." The purpose of this paper is to describe a total ship training philosophy for the CVNX class of future aircraft carriers. The Navy has developed an affordable plan to evolve the baseline design of CVNX over multiple hulls for the new construction of aircraft carriers (NAVSEA 1999). Each of these platforms will employ successively more advanced training methods and systems, culminating in a final design that incorporates the most capable ship board total ship training program ever fielded aboard an aircraft carrier.

关键词： Aircraft carriers

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RASSP Methodology Evaluation and Lessons Learned Developing IRST Signal Processor

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Journal of VLSI Signal Processing systems for Signal, Image, and Video Technology 1997年第1-2期15卷 145-160页

作者： Scanlan, Larry Lee, Wing Vahey, Mike Mccollough, Mike Hughes Aircraft Company Radar and Communications Systems Los Angeles CA 90009 P.O. Box 92426 United States Radar and Communications Systems Hughes Aircraft Company United States Hughes Night Vis. Syst. Prod. L. United States Infrared (IR) Sensors Embedded Processors Syst. Eng. D. United States University of Illinois United States Hughes Aircraft Company Electro Optical Systems United States Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Southern California United States RASSP IRST Electronics and Sign. Proc. Center Electro Optical Systems Hughes Aircraft United States University of California Los Angeles CA United States Electrical Engineering University of California Santa Barbara CA United States University of California at Berkeley Elec. Engineering Computer Science United States

The development of a real-time infrared search and track (IRST) processing system served as a real-world test of progress toward the fourfold reduction in cycle time expected at the end of the four-year Rapid Prototyping of Application Specific Signal Processors (RASSP) program. This signal processor development tested the effectiveness of the RASSP methodology and processes and provided critical metrics to evaluate the 4X roadmap. Virtual Prototyping, a VHDL technique for validating hardware and software design before building hardware, makes the RASSP top-down methodology unique. This paper describes the 4X roadmap for cycle time improvement, our experiences with virtual prototyping and important lessons learned for improving the methodology.

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Architecting a missile system for navy theater ballistic missile defense

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 373-380页

作者： Patel, A Kjos, K Sasso, F Robinson, S Anant Patel:is senior project engineer for the Standard Missile LEAP Progrma (desgnated SM-X) in the Standard Missile/Vertical Launch System Program Office (PMS 422) of the Navy's Program Executive office for Theater Air Defense (PEO TAD). He is responsbile for the integration and test of the SM-X missile including the third stage rocket motor (TSRM) and the kinetic warhead (KW) assemblies. He received his bachelor of science in electrical engineering from the University of Pittsburgh in 1985 Prior to joining PMS 422 he was the project engineer for the shipboard targeting system used during the Terrier LEAP technology demonstration program. he was also tht project manager for the installation and integration of the new threat upgrade (NTU) and cooperative engagement capabilities (CEC) aboard USS Kidd (DDG 993) the first ship to receive CEC during its development test phase. Mr. Patel's other assignments as NTU development lead engineer uncluded providing development and technical direction for modifications to the NTU engagement system for Standard Missile II and III/IIIA compability. kathrin Kjos:is the program development team leader for Hughes Missile Systems Company. She worked on the initial flight demonstraction phase of the program integrating the kill vehicle and advanced solid axial stage into the SM2 Block III ER missile and served as co-chair of the System Safety Working Group. She has thirteen years of experience in system engineering. Previous experience includes missile systems engineering for the Advanced Air-to-Air Missile (AAAM) as well as for laser and radar surveillance systems. She has a bachelor of science degree in chemical engineering from the Illinois Institute of Technology a master of science degree in system engineering from the University of Southern California and is currently a doctoral candidate in systems architecting at the University of Southern California. Felix Sasso is a member of technical staff 11 at Hughes Missile System Company. He has three years of experience in op

While most of the theater ballistic missiles (TBM) in threat countries' inventories are of the shorter range SCUD varieties, mid- to long-range versions are currently in development in a number of third world countries. Threat potential exists in the following three battle spaces: endo-atmosphere (0-30 km), high endo-atmosphere (30-70 km) and exo-atmosphere (greater than 70 km). The inherent short range and low speed of endo-atmospheric threats match well with capabilities of SM-2 Block IVA, which equips the Navy with an area defense capability The exo-atmospheric TBMs are longer range and can threaten more targets which may be widely dispersed. Their higher velocities reduce response times dramatically Therefore, exo-atmospheric TBMs create the need for Standard Missile-3 (SM-3), which provides the Navy with theater wide defense capability. Defining its area and theater wide systems as clearly endo-atmospheric and exo-atmospheric systems allows the Navy to use derivatives of the Standard Missile Block IV to take full advantage of the conditions associated with each of these operating zones. Use of an existing missile and ship system baseline also allows use of the existing interface structure to minimize cost. To counter the endo-atmospheric TBMs, the SM-2 BLK TVA upgrades include an advanced imaging infrared (IIR) seeker, an improved fast-reaction auto pilot and a forward looking RE all in the same volume as the existing missile. The highly responsive SM-2 Block IVA missile, complemented with Aegis weapons systems modifications, provides capability against enemy aircraft and cruise missiles, as well as TBMs. Standard Missile-3 (SM-3) replaces the SM-2 Block TV warhead, radar and guidance section with a boosted third stage and an advanced kinetic warhead (KW). Operation in the exo-atmospheric region permits a KW design with autonomous guidance control and divert thrusters for high maneuverability and has the capability of achieving very high interceptor velocities.

关键词： Missiles

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Operational systems, logistics engineering and technology insertion

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 205-220页

作者： Grubb, MJ Skolnick, A Michael J. Grubb:has perfomzed naval engineering at the Crane Division Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC) for more than twenty-five years. He currently the program manager for the Sustainable Hardware and Affordable Readiness Practice Program (SHARP). is a Navy-wide logistics research and development prgram aimed at the successful transiton of proved technologies inot the fleet. SHARP focuses on reducing acquisition performance capability reliability maintainability and readiness of these systems. Mr. Grubb has served as a department director for the past eleven years. His most recent assignment was as director of the Tactical Computer Resources and Test Equipment Department. This organization provided acquisition and in-service engineering support of the Navy's tectical embedded computers priphirals displays and mass memory storage devices. The organization also provided a complete range of product engineering and metrology engineerig services for SSP NevSeaSysCom and the Trident Program. Prior to this appointment Mr. Grubb was deptuy director psysical security programs department and site responsible for program management and system integration of ashore integrated security systems. Mr. Grubb holds a B.S. degree in industrial engineering from Iowa State Universtiy an M.S. degree in industrial engineering from Purdue University and has copleted the course work (Dec.'96 for a master's degree in public and environment affairs at Indiana University-Purdue Univeristy Indianapolis. Dr. Alfred Skolnick operates System Science Consultants (SSC) specilizing in strategic planning technical program definiton technology assessment and engineering analyses on selected matters of national interest. He has taught physics mathematics and management sciences at University of Virginia and Marymount University and is currently adjunct professor of mathematics at Northern Virginia Community College. Form 1985 to 1989 he was president of the American Society of Noval Engineers. Dr. Skolnick served at Applied Physic

In an era of fiscal austerity, downsizing and unforgiving pressure upon human and economic capital, it is an Augean task to identify resources for fresh and creative work. The realities of the day and the practical demands of more immediate fleet needs can often dictate higher priorities. Yet, the Navy must avoid eating its seed corn. Exercising both technical insight and management foresight, the fleet, the R&D community, the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations (OpNav) and the product engineering expertise of the Naval Surface Warfare Center (NSWC) are joined and underway with integrated efforts to marry new, fully demonstrated technologies and operational urgencies. Defense funding today cannot sponsor all work that can be mission-justified over the long term because budgets are insufficient to support product maturation within the classical development cycle. However, by rigorous technical filtering and astute engineering of both marketplace capabilities and currently available components, it is possible in a few select cases to compress and, in effect, integrate advanced development (6.3), engineering development (6.4), weapon procurement (WPN), ship construction (SCN), operation and maintenance (O&M,N) budgetary categories when fleet criticalities and technology opportunities can happily meet. In short, 6.3 funds can be applied directly to ''ripe gateways'' so modern technology is inserted into existing troubled or aging systems, sidestepping the lengthy, traditional development cycle and accelerating practical payoffs to recurrent fleet problems. To produce such constructive results has required a remarkable convergence of sponsor prescience and engineering workforce excellence. The paper describes, extensively, the philosophy of approach, transition strategy, polling of fleet needs, technology assessment, and management team requirements. The process for culling and selecting specific candidate tasks for SHARP sponsorship (matching operational need with t

关键词： Naval vessels

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