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1st International Conference on Advances in Smart Sensor, Signal Processing and Communication Technology, ICASSCT 2021

作者： Inba Rexy, A. Nancy Mary, J.S. Priyaadarshini, K.G. Rachael, Therese Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Loyola-ICAM College of Engineering and Technology Chennai India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Loyola-ICAM College of Engineering and Technology Chennai India Master of Science in Electrical Engineering and Embedded Systems Hochschule Ravensburg Weingarten Germany Robert Bosch Engineering and Business Solutions Pvt Ltd Coimbatore India

The aim of this paper is to boost the power output of the hybrid energy harvester effectively and to provide electrical optimization for a hybrid energy harvesting system that produces two electrical outputs from a single source of mechanical input namely vibration. Two different electrical outputs are produced by using the concept of piezoelectricity and electromagnetic induction. In this paper, an electrical equivalent is obtained for the standalone piezoelectric system and the electromagnetic system. The rectification of the piezoelectric system along with its results is discussed. Different circuits for amplification is studied and simulated to improve the voltage. All the practical experimental outputs and the different software used to gain these outputs are recorded. The various applications of the hybrid system are reviewed and discussed. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Piezoelectricity

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Destination Scheduling for Secure Pinhole-Based Power-Line Communication

IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society

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IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society 2023年 4卷 2245-2260页

作者： Kundu, Chinmoy Dubey, Ankit Tonello, Andrea M. Nallanathan, Arumugam Flanagan, Mark F. University College Dublin School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Dublin 4D04 V1W8 Ireland Indian Institute of Technology Jammu Department of Ee Jammu181221 India Institute of Networked and Embedded Systems University of Klagenfurt Klagenfurt9020 Austria Queen Mary University of London School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science LondonE1 4NS United Kingdom

We propose an optimal destination scheduling scheme to improve the physical layer security (PLS) of a power-line communication (PLC) based Internet-of-Things system in the presence of an eavesdropper. We consider a pinhole (PH) architecture for a multi-node PLC network to capture the keyhole effect in PLC. The transmitter-to-PH link is shared between the destinations and an eavesdropper which correlates all end-to-end links. The individual channel gains are assumed to follow independent log-normal statistics. Furthermore, the additive impulsive noise at each node is modeled by an independent Bernoulli-Gaussian process. Exact computable expressions for the average secrecy capacity (ASC) and the probability of intercept (POI) performance over many different networks are derived. Approximate closed-form expressions for the asymptotic ASC and POI are also provided. We find that the asymptotic ASC saturates to a constant level as transmit power increases. We observe that the PH has an adverse effect on the ASC. Although the shared link affects the ASC, it has no effect on the POI. We show that by artificially controlling the impulsive to background noise power ratio and its arrival rate at the receivers, the secrecy performance can be improved. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Impulse noise

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Character spotting and autonomous tagging: offline handwriting recognition for Bangla, Korean and other alphabetic scripts

Character spotting and autonomous tagging: offline handwriti...

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作者： Majid, Nishatul Smith, Elisa H. Barney Department of Physics and Engineering Fort Lewis College DurangoCO United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boise State University BoiseID United States Embedded Internet Systems Lab Department of Computer Science Electrical and Space Engineering Luleå University of Technology Luleå Sweden

This paper demonstrates a framework for offline handwriting recognition using character spotting and autonomous tagging which works for any alphabetic script. Character spotting builds on the idea of object detection to find character elements in unsegmented word images. An autonomous tagging approach is introduced which automates the production of a character image training set by estimating character locations in a word based on typical character size. Although scripts can vary vividly from each other, our proposed approach provides a simple and powerful workflow for unconstrained offline recognition that should work for any alphabetic script with few adjustments. Here we demonstrate this approach with handwritten Bangla, obtaining a character recognition accuracy (CRA) of 94.8% and 91.12% with precision and autonomous tagging, respectively. Furthermore, we explained how character spotting and autonomous tagging can be implemented for other alphabetic scripts. We demonstrated that with handwritten Hangul/Korean obtaining a Jamo recognition accuracy (JRA) of 93.16% using a tiny fraction of the PE92 training set. The combination of character spotting and autonomous tagging takes away one of the biggest frustrations—data annotation by hand, and thus, we believe this has the potential to revolutionize the growth of offline recognition development. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Character recognition

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Joint Hybrid Beamforming and RIS Phase Shift Design for RIS-Enabled Mmwave ISAC System

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年

作者： Wang, Lu Abanto-Leon, Luis F. Asadi, Arash Ruhr University Bochum Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Bochum Germany Technical University of Darmstadt Department of Computer Science Darmstadt64289 Germany TU Delft Embedded Systems Group DelftCD 2628 Netherlands

Empowering cellular networks with augmented sensing capabilities is a key research area in sixth generation (6 G) communication systems. Recently, we have witnessed a plethora of efforts to devise solutions that integrate sensing capabilities into communication systems, i.e., integrated sensing and communication (ISAC), especially at millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies with large bandwidths. Despite the challenges posed by severe path loss and blockage at mmWave bands, this work incorporates reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) into ISAC systems to enhance both sensing and communication. To comply with the waveform utilized in current cellular systems, this paper studies mmWave orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) ISAC systems in the presence of RISs. Specifically, we jointly design the hybrid beamforming and RIS phase shifts to guarantee the sensing functionalities via minimizing the beampattern mean squared error at RIS, subject to signal-to-interference-plus-noise (SINR) and power constraints. The non-convexity of the investigated problem poses a challenge which we address by proposing a solution based on the penalty method and manifold-based alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM). Simulation results demonstrate that both sensing and communication capabilities improve when the RIS is adequately designed. In addition, we discuss the tradeoff between sensing and communication. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Mean square error

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Real-Time Implementation of Quadrotor UAV Control System Based on a Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第12期81卷 4757-4786页

作者： Taha Yacine Trad Kheireddine Choutri Mohand Lagha Souham Meshoul Fouad Khenfri Raouf Fareh Hadil Shaiba Aeronautical Sciences Laboratory Aeronautical and Spatial Studies InstituteBlida 1 UniversityBlida0900Algeria Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia Energy and Embedded Systems for Transportation Research Department ESTACA-LABMontigny-Le-Bretonneux78066France Department of Electrical Engineering University of SharjahSharjah27272United Arab Emirates Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia

The popularity of quadrotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)stems from their simple propulsion systems and structural ***,their complex and nonlinear dynamic behavior presents a significant challenge for control,necessitating sophisticated algorithms to ensure stability and accuracy in *** strategies have been explored by researchers and control engineers,with learning-based methods like reinforcement learning,deep learning,and neural networks showing promise in enhancing the robustness and adaptability of quadrotor control *** paper investigates a Reinforcement Learning(RL)approach for both high and low-level quadrotor control systems,focusing on attitude stabilization and position tracking tasks.A novel reward function and actor-critic network structures are designed to stimulate high-order observable states,improving the agent’s understanding of the quadrotor’s dynamics and environmental *** address the challenge of RL hyper-parameter tuning,a new framework is introduced that combines Simulated Annealing(SA)with a reinforcement learning algorithm,specifically Simulated Annealing-Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient(SA-TD3).This approach is evaluated for path-following and stabilization tasks through comparative assessments with two commonly used control methods:Backstepping and Sliding Mode Control(SMC).While the implementation of the well-trained agents exhibited unexpected behavior during real-world testing,a reduced neural network used for altitude control was successfully implemented on a Parrot Mambo mini *** results showcase the potential of the proposed SA-TD3 framework for real-world applications,demonstrating improved stability and precision across various test scenarios and highlighting its feasibility for practical deployment.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning hyper-parameters optimization path following quadrotor twin delayed deep deterministic policy gradient and simulated annealing

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Design and Demonstrate an Attack Strategy to Control a Vehicle’s Computer by Targeting Its electrical Network 3rd

Design and Demonstrate an Attack Strategy to Control a Vehic...

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3rd International Conference on Electronic engineering and Renewable Energy, ICEERE 2022

作者： Karrouchi, Mohammed Messaoudi, Abdelhafid Kassmi, Kamal Nasri, Ismail Atmane, Ilias Blaacha, Jalal Electrical Engineering and Maintenance Laboratory High School of Technology Mohammed First University BP. 473 Oujda Morocco Energy Embedded Systems and Information Processing Laboratory National School of Applied Sciences Mohammed First University Oujda Morocco Department of Physics Faculty of Science Mohammed First University Oujda Morocco

ISBN: (纸本)9789811962226

The functionality of most modern automobiles is controlled by electronic control units (ECUs) that interact with one another via the CAN communication protocol (controller area network), as defined by the ISO 11898 standard, which is one of the fundamental features of most modern cars. This physical bus provides excellent data transfer quality by providing wide propagation reaching all areas of a vehicle in a short amount of time. However, because of the absence of secrecy and ease of access (physical or remote), this protocol does not place a high value on security, which causes the CAN bus control system to be vulnerable. Due to this weakness, it is possible to control the car from the outside and place the vehicle's passengers in jeopardy. The objective of this paper is to describe the existing vulnerability of the security system against attacks, and also a demonstration of a hacking technique used to manage the dashboard of a 2014 DACIA Dokker automobile using the automotive network. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Controllers

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A New Compact Cantor Set Fractal MIMO Antenna for 5G Millimeter-Wave Applications

A New Compact Cantor Set Fractal MIMO Antenna for 5G Millime...

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Microwave and Antenna Symposium (IMAS), International

作者： Omaima Benkhadda Abdelati Reha Mohamed Saih Meryama Harrou Laboratory of Mathematics Computer Science Electrical Engineering and Physics (LAMIGEP) EMSI-Marrakech Marrakech Morocco Team of Microelectronics Embedded Systems and Telecommunication FST Sultan Moulay Slimane University Beni Mellal Morocco

ISBN: (数字)9798350356359

ISBN: (纸本)9798350356366

This article outlines the development of a compact MIMO antenna with two ports crafted for millimeter-wave band operations, specifically tailored to support fifth-generation (5G) wireless applications. The suggested antenna is constructed on a Rogers RT/duroid 5880 substrate, measuring ${12} \times {6}\times {0.508} \text{mm}{3}$ . The proposed antenna has a slotted ground on the bottom and two Fractal-shaped radiating elements inspired by the Cantor Set pattern, positioned atop the dielectric material. The suggested antenna covers the millimeter-wave spectrum utilized in 5G, showcasing a wide bandwidth extending from 26.6 GHz to 29.08 GHz and 38.5 to 39.2 GHz. The antenna attains a maximum gain of 7.64 dBi, robust isolation exceeding 26 dB and demonstrates exceptional diversity performance, with an envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) below 0.003 and a diversity gain (DG) surpassing 10 dB. The obtained results Confirm the validity of the designed MIMO antenna's robustness and make it a viable option for 5G wireless equipment.

关键词： Microwave antennas Wireless communication Correlation coefficient Antenna measurements Slot antennas 5G mobile communication Millimeter wave measurements Bandwidth Fractals Substrates

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Using LSTM and Regression Analysis for Railway Passenger Traffic Volume Prediction 11

Using LSTM and Regression Analysis for Railway Passenger Tra...

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11th IEEE Global Conference on Consumer Electronics, GCCE 2022

作者： Tey, Fu Jie Tuan, Chih-Chi Cai, Cheng-En Wu, Ming-Xuan Wu, Yun-Sheng Wu, Tin-Yu National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Taipei Taiwan National Ilan University Master Program of E-Learning for Multimedia and Network Communications Yilan Taiwan National Pingtung University of Science and Technology Department of Management Information Systems Pingtung County Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665492324

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors affecting the passenger traffic volume on the high-capacity MRT, to analyze the traffic volume trends, and to make traffic volume predictions more accurately. This paper uses the LSTM (Long Short-term Memory) model and regression analysis for Taipei MRT passenger traffic volume prediction. The training data, including dates, temperatures and number of passengers, were collected, and a regression analysis was performed to find trends in the data. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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Enhancing Drone Surveillance with NeRF: Real-World Applications and Simulated Environments

Enhancing Drone Surveillance with NeRF: Real-World Applicati...

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Conference on Digital Avionics systems (DASC)

作者： Joakim Lindén Giovanni Burresi Håkan Forsberg Masoud Daneshtalab Ingemar Söderquis Division of Intelligent Future Technologies School of Innovation Design and Engineering Malardalen University Vasteras Sweden Saab Aeronautics Stockholm Sweden Division of Electronics and Embedded Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden

ISBN: (数字)9798350349610

ISBN: (纸本)9798350349627

Machine Learning (ML) systems require representative and diverse datasets to accurately learn the objective task. In supervised learning data needs to be accurately annotated, which is an expensive and error-prone process. We present a method for generating synthetic data tailored to the use-case achieving excellent performance in a real-world usecase. We provide a method for producing automatically annotated synthetic visual data of multi rotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and other airborne objects in a simulated environment with a high degree of scene diversity, from collection of 3D models to generation of annotated synthetic datasets (synthsets). In our data generation framework SynRender we introduce a novel method of using Neural Radiance Field (NeRF) methods to capture photo-realistic high-fidelity 3D-models of multirotor UAVs in order to automate data generation for an object detection task in diverse environments. By producing data tailored to the real-world setting, our NeRF-derived results show an advantage over generic 3D asset collection-based methods where the domain gap between the simulated and real-world is unacceptably large. In the spirit of keeping research open and accessible to the research community we release our dataset VISER DroneDiversity used in this project, where visual images, annotated boxes, instance segmentation and depth maps are all generated for each image sample.

关键词： Training Visualization Three-dimensional displays Object detection Machine learning Data collection Neural radiance field Autonomous aerial vehicles Data models Synthetic data

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Development of a Wireless Real-Time Computation System for Fast and Accurate Heart Rate Monitoring using Photoplethysmography (PPG) Signals

Development of a Wireless Real-Time Computation System for F...

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IEEE International Conference on Telecommunications and Malaysia Communications (ICT-MICC)

作者： Ben Dong Lim Kim Soon Chong Sew Sun Tiang Wei Hong Lim Mastaneh Mokayef Bee Sian Tan Department Electrical & Electronic Engineering UCSI University Selangor Malaysia Department of Computer Science and Embedded Systems Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

This manuscript presents the development of a wireless system for fast and accurate heart rate monitoring. The system utilizes Seeed XIAO BLE and MAX86150 components to capture and process the photoplethysmogram (PPG) signal. Real-time computation of heart rate is achieved through the deployment of a modified HeartPy algorithm on the microcontroller. The accuracy of the system was evaluated through experiments involving six patients, comparing the results with those obtained from a commercial pulse oximeter (A310) by AEON Technology. The Mean Percentage Error values demonstrated a close agreement between the test system and the commercial device, with an error falling within 0.31%. Additionally, the system achieved a 30% to 40% shorter refresh time compared to the commercial pulse oximeter, allowing for more frequent and up-to-date heart rate monitoring. The development of this wireless system contributes to the advancement of healthcare technology, aligning with the Sustainable Development Goal of Good Health and Well-being. Future improvements include incorporating oxygen saturation (SpO2) and electrocardiogram (ECG) detection into the system and designing a compact and portable form factor. By combining fast and accurate heart rate monitoring with wireless data transmission, this system holds promise for enhancing healthcare applications and improving patient well-being.

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