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Machine learning to detect self-reporting of symptoms, testing access, and recovery associated with COVID-19 on Twitter: retrospective big data infoveillance study

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JMIR Public Health and Surveillance 2020年第2期6卷 e19509页

作者： Mackey, Tim Purushothaman, Vidya Li, Jiawei Shah, Neal Nali, Matthew Bardier, Cortni Liang, Bryan Cai, Mingxiang Cuomo, Raphael Department of Anesthesiology and Division of Global Public Health and Infectious Diseases School of Medicine University of California San Diego San diego CA United States Global Health Policy Institute San Diego CA United States S-3 Research LLC San Diego CA United States Department of Healthcare Research and Policy University of California San Diego San Diego CA United States Department of Family Medicine and Public Health School of Medicine University of California San Diego San diego CA United States Masters Program in Global Health Department of Anthropology University of California San Diego San diego CA United States Masters Program in Computer Science Jacobs School of Engineering University of California San Diego San diego CA United States

Background: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is a global health emergency with over 6 million cases worldwide as of the beginning of June 2020. The pandemic is historic in scope and precedent given its emergence in an increasingly digital era. Importantly, there have been concerns about the accuracy of COVID-19 case counts due to issues such as lack of access to testing and difficulty in measuring recoveries. Objective: The aims of this study were to detect and characterize user-generated conversations that could be associated with COVID-19-related symptoms, experiences with access to testing, and mentions of disease recovery using an unsupervised machine learning approach. Methods: Tweets were collected from the Twitter public streaming application programming interface from March 3-20, 2020, filtered for general COVID-19-related keywords and then further filtered for terms that could be related to COVID-19 symptoms as self-reported by users. Tweets were analyzed using an unsupervised machine learning approach called the biterm topic model (BTM), where groups of tweets containing the same word-related themes were separated into topic clusters that included conversations about symptoms, testing, and recovery. Tweets in these clusters were then extracted and manually annotated for content analysis and assessed for their statistical and geographic characteristics. Results: A total of 4,492,954 tweets were collected that contained terms that could be related to COVID-19 symptoms. After using BTM to identify relevant topic clusters and removing duplicate tweets, we identified a total of 3465 (<1%) tweets that included user-generated conversations about experiences that users associated with possible COVID-19 symptoms and other disease experiences. These tweets were grouped into five main categories including first- and secondhand reports of symptoms, symptom reporting concurrent with lack of testing, discussion of recovery, confirmation of negative COVID-19 d

关键词： COVID-19 Infoveillance Machine learning Surveillance Twitter

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Characterizing weibo social media posts from wuhan, china during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic: Qualitative content analysis

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JMIR Public Health and Surveillance 2020年第4期6卷 e24125页

作者： Xu, Qing Shen, Ziyi Shah, Neal Cuomo, Raphael Cai, Mingxiang Brown, Matthew Li, Jiawei Mackey, Tim Department of Healthcare Research and Policy University of California San Diego - Extension San Diego CA United States Global Health Policy and Data Institute San Diego CA United States S-3 Research LLC San Diego CA United States Masters Program in Computer Science Jacobs School of Engineering University of California San Diego San Diego CA United States Department of Anesthesiology School of Medicine University of California San Diego San Diego CA United States US Embassy National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Beijing China Department of Anesthesiology Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health School of Medicine University of California San Diego San Diego CA United States

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has reached 40 million confirmed cases worldwide. Given its rapid progression, it is important to examine its origins to better understand how people’s knowledge, attitudes, and reactions have evolved over time. One method is to use data mining of social media conversations related to information exposure and self-reported user experiences. Objective: This study aims to characterize the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of social media users located at the initial epicenter of the outbreak by analyzing data from the Sina Weibo platform in Chinese. Methods: We used web scraping to collect public Weibo posts from December 31, 2019, to January 20, 2020, from users located in Wuhan City that contained COVID-19–related keywords. We then manually annotated all posts using an inductive content coding approach to identify specific information sources and key themes including news and knowledge about the outbreak, public sentiment, and public reaction to control and response measures. Results: We identified 10,159 COVID-19 posts from 8703 unique Weibo users. Among our three parent classification areas, 67.22% (n=6829) included news and knowledge posts, 69.72% (n=7083) included public sentiment, and 47.87% (n=4863) included public reaction and self-reported behavior. Many of these themes were expressed concurrently in the same Weibo post. Subtopics for news and knowledge posts followed four distinct timelines and evidenced an escalation of the outbreak’s seriousness as more information became available. Public sentiment primarily focused on expressions of anxiety, though some expressions of anger and even positive sentiment were also detected. Public reaction included both protective and elevated health risk behavior. Conclusions: Between the announcement of pneumonia and respiratory illness of unknown origin in late December 2019 and the discovery of human-to-human transmission on January 20, 2020, we observed a high volume of public anxie

关键词： Attitude Behavior China Content analysis COVID-19 Data mining Infodemic Infodemiology Infoveillance Knowledge Social media Weibo

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BHEL Smart Wall Blowing System: New Product Development in Manufacturing Industry

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Vikalpa 2021年第4期45卷 240 - 249页

作者： Abhishek Kumar R. Dhanuskodi R. Kaliappan K. Nandakumar Abhishek Kumar teaches design philosophies at Anant National University Ahmedabad. He earned his Ph.D in Management from Pondicherry University. He is an Economics graduate from Calcutta University and MBA from BIM Trichy. He has published more than 20 articles in reputed international journals has authored two books written articles and columns for newspapers and is quoted on issues related to leadership and marketing by various media platforms. His research work comprises construction of brand personality scale for media aesthetics and phenomenological design. His recent publications are on philosophy of a photograph hermeneutic reality of product and on philosophy of intimate spaces. R. Dhanuskodi has nearly 40 years of R&D experience at BHEL India in technical areas applicable for thermal power plants. He is a life member of The Institution of Engineers (India) and The Combustion Institute. He has won two BHEL’s Excel awards under the best author category for technical papers. He has visited France Netherlands and Germany under Indo-Europe Clean Coal Development Program. He has guided 42 UG PG and PhD project works. He holds 11 patents 40 copyrights and 2 design registrations. He has presented papers in 20 conferences and published in 10 national and international journals. R. Kaliappan completed his bachelors in electrical and electronics engineering and Masters in Computer Science. He has 36 years of research experience in different fields of power generation and power plant subsystems such as heat transfer studies on boiler circulation efficiency improvements of boiler subsystems product improvements/ enhancements and setting up test facilities for research studies. He has published a number of technical papers on MHD power generation and heat transfer studies in various national and international journals. He has more than 25 patents and copyrights on products development related to power boilers. He has won BHEL’S gold medal for product development for Smart Wall Blowing system. K. Nandakumar

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The influence of composition and final pyrolysis temperature variations on global kinetics of combustion of segregated municipal solid waste

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IOP Conference Series: Materials science and engineering 2017年第1期193卷

作者： Pranoto D A Himawanto N A Arifin Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Science Sebelas Maret University Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Sebelas Maret University Program of Masters studies of Environmental Science Sebelas Maret University

The combustion of segregated municipal solid waste (MSW) and the resulted char from the pyrolysis process were investigated in this research. The segregated MSW that was collected and used can be divided into organic and inorganic waste materials. The organic materials were bamboo and banana leaves and the inorganic materials were Styrofoam and snack wrappings. The composition ratio of the waste was based on the percentage of weight of each sample. The thermal behaviour of the segregated MSW was investigated by thermo gravimetric analysis. For the pyrolysis process the prepared samples of 200gram were heated from ambient temperature until a variance of final pyrolysis temperature of 550°C, 650°C and 750°C at a constant heating rate of 25°C/min. It was found that the highest activation energy of the raw materials is achieved from sample CC1 (Char with 100% inorganic materials). The activation energy of the raw materials is relatively lower than that of the char. The higher the final pyrolysis temperature, the lower the calorific value of char. The calorific value gradually increases with the amount of inorganic materials.

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Proceedings from the IV Brazilian Meeting on Research Integrity, science and Publication Ethics (IV BRISPE)

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Research Integrity and Peer Review 2017年第1期2卷 1-12页

作者： Sonia Vasconcelos Edson Watanabe L. P. Garcia E. Duarte M. C. Cassimiro M. M. P. Diós-Borges A. M. M. Soares C. H. Debenedito Silva A. A. P. Santa Rosa G. A. Fófano H. S. Pinheiro A. M. Gollner C. C. Santos S. M. R. Vasconcelos D. C. Machado P. V. S. Souza R. T. Souza M. D Ribeiro P. Biancovilli M. Fontes-Domingues V. C. Garbocci R. Neves M. D. Ribeiro R. Amaral M. M. M. Machado P. M. Lourenço V. Ronchi A. C. Furnival L. S. Gracioso M. D. P. Silva F. M. Litto M. Patrão Neves A. S. Carvalho J. Araújo S. Liskauskas R. Kant de Lima S. C. Bourguignon F. R. Mota H. G. Falcão J. C. Amaral A. C. Quintela A. Schtscherbyna A. Palma C. A. Guimarães D. Foguel E. H. Watanabe R. M. V. R. Almeida J. R. Lapa e Silva M. M. Sorenson B. C. Machado A. P. Vicentini A. A. B. Almodóvar R. M. Catarino H. H. Caiaffa Filho E. Damasio J. Leta L. V. R. Rezende S. Cruz-Riascos A. Abreu M. Russo P. G. Camacho M. Palácios N. R. A. Silva M. R. C. G. Novaes D. Guilhem H. S Selistre-de-Araujo A. S. C. Abreu Science Education Program Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis (IBqM) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Committee on Research Integrity (CRI) Advisory Council for Research Ethics (CTEP) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Electrical Engineering Program (PEE) Institute Alberto Luiz Coimbra of Graduate Studies and Research in Engineering (COPPE) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Institute for Applied Economic Research (IPEA) Brasília Federal District Brazil Secretary for Health Surveillance Ministry of Health Brasília Federal District Brazil Scientific Integrity Committee Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC/FIOCRUZ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Scientific Integrity Committee Oswaldo Cruz Institute Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IOC/FIOCRUZ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Bioethics Institute Catholic University of Portugal Porto Portugal Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil National Cancer Institute (INCA) Cancer Hospital IV - Ethics Committee for Clinical Research Rio de Janeiro Brazil Federal General Hospital of Bonsucesso Rio de Janeiro Brazil Human Research Ethics Committee University Hospital of Juiz de Fora (HU-UJFJ) Juiz de Fora Minas Gerais Brazil Faculty of Southeastern Minas Gerais (FACSUM) Juiz de Fora Minas Gerais Brazil São Pedro Educational Institute (IESPe) Juiz de Fora Minas Gerais Brazil University Hospital of Juiz de Fora (HU-UJFJ) Juiz de Fora Minas Gerais Brazil Department of Biology and Sciences Pedro II School Rio de Janeiro Brazil Science Education Program Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IBqM/UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Professional Masters Program in Science Education Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis (IBqM) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Research Ethics Committee Clementino Fraga Filho University Hos

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Production and characterization of fuel briquettes from banana leaves waste

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Chemical engineering Transactions 2014年 37卷 439-444页

作者： De Oliveira Maia, Bianca G. Souza, Ozair Marangoni, Cintia Hotza, Dachamir De Oliveira, Antonio Pedro N. Sellin, Noeli Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering - PGMAT Federal University of Santa Catarina 88040 900 Florianópolis-SC Brazil Masters in Process Engineering University of Joinville Region - UNIVILLE 89219 710 Joinville-SC Brazil

The use of agricultural and agro-industrial waste as biomass fuel for power generation like briquettes can be an alternative solution to the problems related at their disposal. Briquettes produced from lignocellulosic waste, through a simple process and low cost are an excellent source of cheap energy and environmentally correct, in many cases, ideal for replacing fossil fuels in use today, with significant economic and environmental advantages. The banana cultivation generates a significant amount of waste, but little used, it would be important to add value to them. In this work banana semi-dried leaves were crushed to particles with sizes between 2 and 5 mm and its moisture content was determined. The briquettes were produced in a hydraulic press with compaction pressure of 18 MPa and two different compression times and were evaluated by proximate and ultimate chemical analysis, high heating value (HHV), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), linear shrinkage, mechanical compressive strength, bulk and energy density. Briquettes presented moisture content of 7.2 %, high contents of carbon (44.3 %) and volatile matter (75.3 %), low sulphur and nitrogen contents and HHV of 17.7 MJ/kg. These results are similar for other biomass used to produce briquettes. Under combustion in TGA and DTA analysis, the briquettes showed high loss mass and maximum energy release between 200 and 500 °C. The mechanical compressive strength for 1 second compression was 5.3 MPa and the briquettes density was 0.99 g/cm3. The thermal properties and physicochemical characteristics of the banana leaves briquettes demonstrate its potential for use as biomass fuel. Copyright © 2014,AIDIC Servizi S.r.l.

关键词： Compressive strength

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Localization of mobile robot by matching three-dimensional data of SOKUIKI sensor and aerial imagery

Localization of mobile robot by matching three-dimensional d...

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IEEE/SICE International Symposium on System Integration

作者： Kohei Ito Keisuke Yokota Akihisa Ohya Department of Mechanical Engineering Kanazawa Technical College Ishikawa Japan Masters Program in Computer Science University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan Division of Information Engineering University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan

In recent years, the demand for autonomous mobile robots in outdoors environments has been increasing. In order to guide the robot, it is essential to get the current position. In this study, we propose a method to correct the self-position of the robot, which is estimated by odometry, aerial imagery, and the SOKUIKI sensor. First, we explore how to superimpose the reflection point cloud on top of the aerial imagery. Next, matching the edge data of aerial imagery and the upper edge of the building from the inclined reflection point cloud corrects the self-correction of the robot, by which the robot is able to run on the straight road for about 60m autonomously.

关键词： Robot sensing systems Image edge detection Mobile robots Buildings Educational institutions Equations

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Generating Activity Streams from Events occurring in company-internal IT infrastructures

Generating Activity Streams from Events occurring in company...

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2011 IEEE 13th International Conference on Communication Technology(ICCT 2011)

作者： Eng.S.M.Khaled Reza S.M.Mohsin Reza Masters Program in Computational Engineering (Distributed Systems Engineering) Faculty of Computer Science Dresden University of Technology Dresden Germany Masters Program in Information Technology (Embedded Systems Engineering) Faculty of Computer Science Electrical Engineering and Information Technology University of Stuttgart Germany

In the current era of technology,the Internet and web technologies become the center source of *** to the huge amount of contents,one of the main challenges of modern information technology is aimed at how to reduce and manage information in a structured way with mobilizing users to the similar kind of relevant ***,any intelligent system should be able to understand people's interest about a particular type of information and automatically mobilize him to the similar kind of available information *** idea of high level Activity Streams along with its standardized format can play a vital role to solve this problem in the broader *** paper introduces a novel system called CoASGen (Consolidation and Activity Streams Generator) which is able to automatically generate high level Activity Streams after aggregating and consolidating from different independent systems (*** a software company context:version management system,wikis,bug trackers etc.).It retrieves life time information as heterogeneous web feed by sensing user activities from those independent systems and then it transforms several similar types of atomic activities into high level Activity Streams using semantic technologies along with its specific standardized ***,it shows these high level Activity Streams to the user interface which is able to automatically motivate users to find relevant information easily without either missing any data or losing valuable *** system solves the problem "data silos" by reducing and managing information in a structured way.

关键词： Activity Streams,Atomic Activity,High Level Activity Stream,CoASGen System

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Implied obligations in construction contracts

Implied obligations in construction contracts

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2010 2nd International Conference on engineering System Management and Applications, ICESMA 2010

作者： Gaber, Rami Jarwan, Alya Al. Sharif, Alauddin Beheiry, Salwa El. Masters of Science in Engineering Systems Management College of Engineering American University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Civil Engineering Program Faculty of College of Engineering American University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9781424465200

In a fast moving highly competitive business hub;the process of Construction Contracts preparation is usually shortened by resorting to previously prepared forms of agreement templates. Even if due diligence is carried out during the contract preparation stage, it becomes extremely difficult to anticipate for and include every single contingency that may arise from contract misinterpretation resulted from implicit terms. As such, to mitigate being involved in numerous disputes and arbitration cases due to contractual "gaps", all parties bounded by a binding agreement are recommended to be aware of their Implied Obligations and ensure that their implicit duties are accommodated for, as appropriate, within the construction contract. In this study, a survey measuring the gap between perceptions of 13 pre-identified Implied Obligations and actual experiences has been created and collected from 30 people out of 100 surveys sent out that had demonstrated even though most of the Implied Terms pre-identified are generally agreed on as Obligations by most parties involved in a contract, they are;however, rarely experienced most of the time. This indicates the potential of a high number of claim cases arising due to these contractual gaps.

关键词： Surveys

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A handle electrode system for measuring heart rate while riding a bicycle

A handle electrode system for measuring heart rate while rid...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Masutaka Watanabe Sosuke Tsukamoto Hiroshi Hoshino Masters Program in Electronic and Computer Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering Tokyo Denki University Hiki Saitama Japan School of Science and Engineering Tokyo Denki University Hiki Saitama Japan

In this paper, a handle-electrode system is proposed for obtaining the heart rate of a user while riding a bicycle. The system was designed to measure the user's heart rate by only gripping the handle of a bicycle. Three electrodes made from conductive cloth were adhered to the handle. A method detecting heart-rate from the obtained electrocardiogram was also proposed. To assess the applicability of the proposed system, a simple experiment was performed. The experiment was performed in four conditions of road surfaces; lawn, asphalt, a tiled, and an uneven road. Experimental result suggests that the proposed system can be useful for obtaining R waves while riding a bicycle.

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