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Effect of Waist Strap Reinforcement in Backpacks on Children Gait Parameters During Walking and Running: A Randomized Cross-Over Prospective Study 7

Effect of Waist Strap Reinforcement in Backpacks on Children...

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7th International Conference on material Strength and Applied Mechanics, MSAM 2024

作者： Huang, Li Xu, Yining Fekete, Gusztáv Gu, Yaodong Department of Material Science and Technology Audi Hungária Faculty of Vehicle Engineering Széchenyi István University Gyor9026 Hungary Faculty of Sports Science Ningbo University Ningbo315211 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781643685472

As academic demands increase, school-aged children and adolescents often carry heavy backpacks, impacting their posture and musculoskeletal health. This study examines how backpack carriage affects children's gait, focusing on the influence of waist strap design. In this study, twelve children underwent biomechanical tests while walking and running with and without backpacks, with weights adjusted based on daily habits. It can be found that waist strap-equipped backpacks significantly increased load response (F = 58.031, P © The Author(s), 2024.

关键词： Fatigue of materials

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Comparison of Perovskite Deposition Method on Carbon-based Perovskite Solar Cell 10

Comparison of Perovskite Deposition Method on Carbon-based P...

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10th International Conference on Power and Energy Systems engineering, CPESE 2023

作者： Sulistianto, Junivan Konno, Akinori Poespawati, Nji Raden Abuzairi, Tomy Shizuoka University Graduate School of Science and Technology Hamamatsu Japan Universitas Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering Depok Indonesia Shizuoka University Department of Electronics and Material Science Hamamatsu Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350327625

The increasing energy demand and the urge to tackle the climate crisis have assembled a global movement to shift from using fossil fuels for energy generation to clean energy sources. Perovskite solar cells are a promising candidate to fulfill future electricity demand because they can generate high efficiency while maintaining a low production cost. Although several deposition techniques may be employed to create perovskite film, solution-based deposition is the most common and extensively utilized in the fabrication of perovskite solar cells. Solution-based deposition methods can produce high-quality perovskite films using relatively simple and low-energy equipment. Furthermore, it is possible to tailor the precursor solution and deposition method to enhance the film quality. Solution-based deposition methods include the one-step and two-step methods. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages. On the other hand, the use of carbon as a counter electrode can increase the stability of the perovskite solar cell due to its hydrophobic properties. Perovskite material is well-known for its susceptibility to water, even moisture. This research investigates the use of one-step and two-step deposition methods on carbon-based perovskite solar cells. Different morphology produced from each deposition method has different effects on the interface between perovskite and carbon. The results demonstrate that, with an open-circuit voltage of 0.85 V, a short-circuit current density of 5.48 mA/cm2, and a fill factor of 0.32, the two-step technique yields a greater efficiency of 1.51%. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Carbon

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Effect of vacuum heat treatment on microstructure and corrosion behavior of HVOF sprayed AICoCrFeNiCu high entropy alloy

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2023年第8期30卷 1550-1561页

作者： Yong-kuan Zhou l Jia-jie Kang Guo Jin Xiu-fang Cui Jie Zhang Guo-zheng Ma Zhi-qiang Fu Li-na Zhu Ding-shun She Yu-yun Yang School of Engineering and Technology China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212100JiangsuChina Zhengzhou Institute China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Zhengzhou 451283HenanChina College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001HeilongjiangChina Department of Mechanical Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK National Key Lab for Remanufacturing Academy of Armored Forces EngineeringBeijing 100072China

To improve the corrosion resistance of coalbed methane drilling equipment,an AICoCrFeNiCu high entropy alloy coating was prepared on the AISI 4135(35CrMo)steel substrate by high velocity oxygen fuel(HVOF)technology,and the coating was subjected to vacuum heat treatment(VHT)at different temperatures(500,700,900 and 1100℃).The corrosion test of the substrate and the coatings after VHT in coalbed methane drilling fluid was carried *** results show that the HVOF sprayed AICoCrFeNiCu high entropy alloy(HEA)coating has a good bonding with the substrate,and the porosity of the coating is about 2.4%.There is partial segregation in the coating,and the coating mainly consists of body-centered cubic *** coating has good thermal stability,and the phase structure and microstructure of the coatings have changed after VHT at different *** with the substrate,the as-sprayed coating has better uniform corrosion resistance,and the corrosion resistance of the coating after VHT is further *** VHT at 500℃,the HVOF-sprayed AICoCrFeNiCu HEA coating has the best corrosion resistance.

关键词： High velocity oxygen fuel AICoCrFeNiCu high entropy alloy coating Vacuum heat treatment Microstructure Corrosion

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Grain-refining Co_(0.85)Se@CNT cathode catalyst with promoted Li_(2)O_(2)growth kinetics for lithium-oxygen batteries

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第12期35卷 304-310页

作者： Ruonan Yang Jiajia Li Dongmei Zhang Xiuqi Zhang Xia Li Han Yu Zhanhu Guo Chuanxin Hou Gang Lian Feng Dang School of Materials Science&Engineering State Key Laboratory of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJi’nan 250061China Integrated Composites Lab Department of Mechanical and Construction EngineeringNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle Upon TyneNE18STUnited Kingdom School of Environmental and Material Engineering Yantai UniversityYantai 264005China

Highly active cathode catalysts for efficient formation/decomposition of Li_(2)O_(2)are essential for the performance improvement of lithium-oxygen batteries(LOBs).In this study,a grain-refining Co_(0.85)Se catalyst with a lattice spacing of 2.69 A of(101)plane closely matching with the(100)plane(2.72A)of Li_(2)O_(2)was applied for high-performance ***(101)plane exposed Co_(0.85)Se@CNT was synthesized by a simple one-pot hydrothermal *** Co_(0.85)Se with the lattice matching effect not only led to the efficient conversion and polarized growth of Li_(2)O_(2),but also prevented the formation of *** functional theory(DFT)calculations reveal that Co_(0.85)Se(101)plane has the intrinsic catalytic ability to generate/decompose Li_(2)O_(2)during ORR/OER process,due to its homogeneous electron distribution,suitable adsorption energy,and promoted Li_(2)O_(2)growth *** a consequence,the(101)plane highly exposed Co_(0.85)Se@CNT-80 electrode exhibited remarkable cycle stability over 2400 h at 100 mA/g and 290cycles at 500 mA/g,which is about 2 times longer than other electrodes.

关键词： Lithium-oxygen batteries Co_(0.85)Se@CNT Cathode catalysts Grain-refiner DFT calculation

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Effect of chemical composition and microstructure on the thermal conductivity of Mg-Al-Ca alloys

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Keikinzoku/Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals 2024年第1期74卷 9-13页

作者： Kirimoto, Yuichi Kondo, Natsuki Ito, Mizuki Tsukeda, Tadayoshi Aida, Tetsuo Tabata, Hironobu Kurihara, Hideki Suzuki, Mayumi Department of Nano and Functional Material Science Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Education University of Toyama 3190 Gofuku Toyama-shi Toyama930-8555 Japan School of Sustainable Design Materials and Engineering University of Toyama Toyama-shi Toyama Japan Program of Materials Science and Engineering Studies in Science and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering University of Toyama Toyama-shi Toyama Japan Faculty of Sustainable Design Academic Assembly University of Toyama Toyama-shi Toyama Japan CHUETSU METAL WORKS CO. LTD. Nakaniikawa-gun Toyama Japan Saitama Industrial Technology Center Kawaguchi-shi Saitama Japan Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Toyama Prefectural University Imizu-shi Toyama Japan

In recent years, the increasing demand for electric vehicles, digital devices such as PCs and smartphones, and renewable energy storage systems has created a need for higher-performance batteries. Accordingly, the thermal conductivity of the case that houses the battery is becoming increasingly important. In this study, compositions with high thermal conductivity and good castability were investigated, focusing on Mg-Al-Ca alloys, and the relationship between the two was examined through thermal conductivity measurements and microstructural observations. As a result, the Mg-6%Al-4%Ca alloy was optimal in terms of castability and thermal conductivity. It was confirmed that a lower Al solid solution capacity and a higher purity of the matrix phase are important to improve the thermal conductivity. It is also suggested that the second phase, platelet Al2Ca, is likely to be recognized and enriched in the matrix, contributing to the improvement of thermal conductivity. The amount of Ca solid solution in the matrix was suggested to be reduced by the enrichment of Al in the matrix. The Ca solid solution in the matrix was found to be less effective in reducing thermal conductivity than the Al solid solution. © 2024 The Japan Institute of Light Metals.

关键词： Magnesium alloys

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An Immune-Inspired Approach with Interval Allocation in Solving Multimodal Multi-Objective Optimization Problems with Local Pareto Sets

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Computers, materials & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 4237-4257页

作者： Weiwei Zhang Jiaqiang Li Chao Wang Meng Li Zhi Rao College of Computer Science and Technology Zhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou450001China Technology Research and Development Center Jilin Tobacco Industry Company LimitedChangchun130031China College of Tobacco Science and Engineering Zhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou450001China Raw Material Department Hongyun Honghe Tobacco(Group)CompanyKunming650202China

In practical engineering,multi-objective optimization often encounters situations where multiple Pareto sets(PS)in the decision space correspond to the same Pareto front(PF)in the objective space,known as Multi-Modal Multi-Objective Optimization Problems(MMOP).Locating multiple equivalent global PSs poses a significant challenge in real-world applications,especially considering the existence of local *** identifying and locating both global and local PSs is a major *** tackle this issue,we introduce an immune-inspired reproduction strategy designed to produce more offspring in less crowded,promising regions and regulate the number of offspring in areas that have been thoroughly *** approach achieves a balanced trade-off between exploration and ***,we present an interval allocation strategy that adaptively assigns fitness levels to each *** strategy ensures a broader survival margin for solutions in their initial stages and progressively amplifies the differences in individual fitness values as the population matures,thus fostering better population ***,we incorporate a multi-population mechanism that precisely manages each subpopulation through the interval allocation strategy,ensuring the preservation of both global and local *** results on 21 test problems,encompassing both global and local PSs,are compared with eight state-of-the-art multimodal multi-objective optimization *** results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm in simultaneously identifying global Pareto sets and locally high-quality PSs.

关键词： Multimodal multi-objective optimization problem local PSs immune-inspired reproduction

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Machine learning assisted discovering of new M_(2)X_(3)-type thermoelectric materials

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Rare Metals 2022年第5期41卷 1543-1553页

作者： Du Chen Feng Jiang Liang Fang Yong-Bin Zhu Cai-Chao Ye Wei-Shu Liu Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Department of Physics & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Science and Material Design Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Technologies(Ministry of Education) Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Recent years have witnessed a continuous discovering of new thermoelectric materials which has experienced a paradigm shift from try-and-error efforts to experience-based discovering and first-principles calculation. However, both the experiment and first-principles calculation deriving routes to determine a new compound are time and resources consuming. Here, we demonstrated a machine learning approach to discover new M_(2)X_(3)-type thermoelectric materials with only the composition information. According to the classic Bi_(2)Te_(3) material, we constructed an M_(2)X_(3)-type thermoelectric material library with 720 compounds by using isoelectronic substitution, in which only 101 compounds have crystalline structure information in the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database(ICSD) and materials Project(MP) database. A model based on the random forest(RF) algorithm plus Bayesian optimization was used to explore the underlying principles to determine the crystal structures from the known compounds. The physical properties of constituent elements(such as atomic mass, electronegativity, ionic radius) were used to define the feature of the compounds with a general formula ^(1)M^(2)M^(1)X^(2)X^(3)X(^(1)M +^(2)M:^(1)X +^(2)X+^(3)X = 2:3). The primary goal is to find new thermoelectric materials with the same rhombohedral structure as Bi_(2)Te_(3) by machine *** final trained RF model showed a high accuracy of 91% on the prediction of rhombohedral compounds. Finally, we selected four important features to proceed with the polynomial fitting with the prediction results from the RF model and used the acquired polynomial function to make further discoveries outside the pre-defined material library.

关键词： Thermoelectric materials M_(2)X_(3)-type material library Random forest(RF)algorithm Bayesian optimization Machine learning

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Water-soluble Cu30 nanoclusters as a click chemistry catalyst for living cell labeling via azide-alkyne cycloaddition

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Nano Research 2023年第1期16卷 1748-1754页

作者： Ge Yang Yali Xie Yaru Wang Ying Tang Leng Leng Chng Fuyi Jiang Fanglin Du Xianfeng Zhou Jackie Y.Ying Xun Yuan School of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China Key Lab of Biobased Polymer Materials of Shandong Provincial Education Department School of Polymer Science and EngineeringQingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China NanoBio Lab Institute of Materials Research and Engineering(IMRE)Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)31 Biopolis WayThe NanosSingapore 138669Singapore School of Environment and Material Engineering Yantai UniversityYantai 264005China NanoBio Lab A*STAR Infectious Diseases LabsA*STAR31 Biopolis WayThe NanosSingapore 138669Singapore

Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloadditions(CuAAC)have gained increasing interest in the selective labeling of living cells and organisms with ***,their application is constrained either by the high cytotoxicity of Cu(I)ions or the low activity of CuAAC in the internal space of living *** paper reports the design of a novel Cu-based nanocatalyst,watersoluble thiolated Cu30 nanoclusters(NCs),for living cell labeling via *** Cu30 NCs offer good biocompatibility,excellent stability,and scalable synthesis(e.g.,gram scale),which would facilitate potential commercial *** combining the highly localized Cu(I)active species on the NC surface and good structural stability,the Cu30 NCs exhibit superior catalytic activities for a series of Huisgen cycloaddition reactions with good *** importantly,the biocompatibility of the Cu30 NCs enables them to be a good catalyst for CuAAC,whereby the challenging labeling of living cells can be achieved via CuAAC on the cell *** study sheds light on the facile synthesis of atomically precise Cu NCs,as well as the design of novel Cu NCs-based nanocatalysts for CuAAC in intracellular bioorthogonal applications.

关键词： Cu nanocluster click chemistry catalysis azide-alkyne cycloaddition living cell labeling

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Computational analysis of physico-mechanical properties of cotton fibers using elastic tensor analysis tool

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Nuclear and Particle Physics Proceedings 2023年 336-338卷 51-53页

作者： Manju, V.V. Somashekar, R. Department of Physics Vidyavardhaka college of Engineering Mysuru 570002 India Center for Material science University of Mysore Vijnana Bhavan Mysuru 570006 India

The harm that has been caused to the climate because of the broad usage of synthetic materials has incited the improvement and use of natural fiber materials. This study is an endeavor to investigate the underlying physico-mechanical properties of few cotton fibers which are cultivated across India, USA, and Ukraine. Powder X-ray diffraction data of considered fibers were acquired and utilized along with statistical tools to get their physico-mechanical properties. The chosen materials belong to monoclinic unit cell with lattice parameters a=7.350 Å, b=8.220 Å, c=10.370 Å and β=96.28°. The XRD has been refined using FullProf software package and obtained the crystallographic information file. Trealor's principle has been employed to obtain the 6×6 elastic constants for a monoclinic crystal system. These elastic constants were employed to open-source Elastic Tensor Analysis Tool (ELATE) and spatial dependence of elastic moduli were plotted and observed that, the USA cotton has significant mechanical properties compared to Indian and Ukraine cotton. This method can be extended to any material of interest to compute the physico-mechanical properties. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Cotton ELATE Ordered region PXRD Young's modulus

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Precipitation and coarsening kinetics of H-phase in NiTiHf high temperature shape memory alloy

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Journal of materials science & Technology 2022年第19期114卷 90-101页

作者： A.Shuitcev Y.Ren B.Sun G.V.Markova L.Li Y.X.Tong Y.F.Zheng Institute of Materials Processing and Intelligent Manufacturing College of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China Center of Testing and Analysis College of Materials Science and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China Physics of Metal and Material Science Department Tula State UniversityTula 300012Russian Federation School of Materials Science and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Precipitate hardening is the most easiest and effective way to enhance strain recovery properties in NiTiHf high-temperature shape memory *** paper discusses the precipitation,coarsening and age hardening of H-phase precipitates in Ni_(50)Ti_(30)Hf_(20)alloy during isothermal aging at temperatures between 450℃and 650℃for time to 75 *** H-phase mean size and volume fraction were determined using transmission electron *** kinetics was analyzed using the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov equation and an Arrhenius type *** these analyses,a Time-Temperature-Transformation diagram was *** evolution of H-phase size suggests classical matrix diffusion limited Lifshitz-Slyozov-Wagner coarsening for all considered *** coarsening rate constants of H-phase precipitation have been determined using a modified coarsening rate equation for nondilute *** size of H-phase precipitates for breaking down the precipitate/matrix interface coherency was estimated through a combination of age hardening and precipitate size evolution ***,time-temperature-hardness diagram was constructed from the precipitation and coarsening kinetics and age hardening of H-phase precipitates in Ni_(50)Ti_(30)Hf_(20)alloy.

关键词： High temperature shape memory alloys NiTiHf Time-temperature-transformation diagram Coarsening kinetics H-phase

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