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Characteristics of gas-solid micro fluidized beds for thermochemical reaction analysis

Carbon Resources Conversion 2020年第1期3卷 203-218页

作者： Zhennan Han Junrong Yue Xi Zeng Jian Yu Fang Wang Shaozeng Sun Hong Yao Guangqian Luo Xuejing Liu Yining Sun Fu Ding Liangliang Fu Lei Shi Kangjun Wang Jiebin Yang Shaonan Wang Xueqing Chen Dingrong Bai Guangwen Xu Key Laboratory on Resources Chemicals and Material of Ministry of Education Shenyang University of Chemical TechnologyShenyang 110142China The State Key Laboratory of Multi-phase Complex System Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100190China Combustion Engineering Research Institute School of Energy Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China National Institute of Measurement and Technology Chengdu 610021China

Fuel conversion and clean energy reaction systems involve a variety of catalytic and non-catalytic gas-solid thermochemical reactions.A good understanding of the correct reaction mechanism and kinetics,as well as the profiles of reaction products,is of great significance to the development,design,and operation of such reaction *** micro fluidized bed reaction analysis provides an efficient and reliable method to acquire this essential information with low capital and operating costs,low energy consumption and enhanced *** paper provides an overview of the system and its characteristics for the micro fluidized bed reaction analyzer that has been well proven to be a reliable new approach as well as an instrument for characterizing various gas-solid thermochemical reactions.

关键词： Micro fluidized bed Reaction kinetic analysis Isothermal differential reactor Thermochemical reaction characterization

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Degradation of Bio-Based Film Plastics in Soil Under Natural Conditions

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Slezak, Radoslaw Krzystek, Liliana Puchalski, Michal Krucińska, Izabella Sitarski, Adam Department of Bioprocess Engineering Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering Lodz University of Technology Wolczanska 213 Lodz90-924 Poland Institute of Material Science of Textiles and Polymer Composites Faculty of Materials Technology and Textile Design Lodz University of Technology Zeromskiego 116 Lodz90-924 Poland Kutno Sugar Beet Breeding Ltd. Straszkow 12 Klodawa62-650 Poland

The degradation of bio-based plastic materials in field soil under natural conditions was investigated in this study. Three bio-based plastics materials, which contained polylactide (PLA) with polybutylene adipate terephthalate and additives (PLA_1), PLA-based polyester blend with mineral filler (PLA_2), and polybutylene succinate with mineral filler (PBS_1) in the form of the film, were subjected to soil burial biodegradation processes. The experiments were carried out in a climate with an average annual temperature of 9.4°C, in winter and summer periods for one year. The degradation of the materials was evaluated by macro- and microscopic observations, weight loss, thermogravimetric analysis, and tensile test. Macroscopic observation indicated that changes in the color of film surface were visible for samples PBS_1 after 12 months of degradation. Using microscopic inspection the erosion of surface samples PLA_1 and PBS_1 after 12 months was observed. Mass loss of samples PLA_1 and PLA_2 after one year of degradation were below 0.6%. Moreover, for PBS_1 sample, mass loss was equal to 4.3%. Based on the obtained results of the mass loss, a description of the degradation kinetics was proposed, showing the changes in the thickness of the tested polymer over time. The thermal stability of the samples PLA_1 and PLA_2 decreased during the degradation process by 16.1 and 2.6°C, respectively, and for PBS_1 increased by 1.7°C. Tensile strength at break after 12 months of degradation decreased for sample PLA_1 and PLA_2 by 27.3 and 5.8%, respectively, and increased for sample PBS_1 by 28.2% compare to unexposed sample. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Degradation

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Plasma-electrochemical synthesis of europium doped cerium oxide nanoparticles

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and engineering 2019年第3期13卷 501-510页

作者： Liangliang Lin Xintong Ma Sirui Li Marly Wouters Volker Hessel School of Chemical and Material Engineering Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China Micro Flow Chemistry and Process Technology Chemical Engineering and Chemistry DepartmentEindhoven University of Technology5600 MB Eindhoventhe Netherlands School of Chemical Engineering The University of AdelaideSouth Australia 5005Australia

In the present study,a plasma-electrochemical method was demonstrated for the synthesis of europium doped ceria ***(NO3)3· 6H2O and Eu(NO3)3·5H2O were used as the starting materials and being dissolved in the distilled water as the electrolyte *** plasma-liquid interaction process was in-situ investigated by an optical emission spectroscopy,and the obtained products were characterized by complementary analytical *** showed that crystalline cubic CeO2:Eu3+ nanoparticles were successfully obtained,with a particle size in the range from 30 to 60 *** crystal structure didn't change during the calcination at a temperature from 400℃ to 1000℃,with the average erystallite size being estimated to be 52 nm at 1000℃.Eu3+ ions were shown to be effectively and uniformly doped into the CeO2 *** a result,the obtained nanophosphors emit apparent red color under the UV irradiation,which can be easily observed by naked *** photoluminescence spectrum further proves the downshift behavior of the obtained products,where characteristic 5Do → 7F1,2,3 transitions of Eu3+ ions had been *** to the simple,flexible and environmental friendly process,this plasma-electrochemical method should have great potential for the synthesis of a series of nanophosphors,especially for bio-application purpose.

关键词： plasma-electrochemical method europium doped ceria rare earth nanoparticles photoluminescence

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Tailoring Advanced N-Defective and S-Doped g-C3N4 for Photocatalytic H2 Evolution

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Small 2023年第28期19卷 2301116-2301116页

作者： Wang, Haitao Jiang, Jizhou Yu, Lianglang Peng, Jiahe Song, Zhou Xiong, Zhiguo Li, Neng Xiang, Kun Zou, Jing Hsu, Jyh-Ping Zhai, Tianyou School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering Process of Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Phosphorus Resources Development and Utilization of Ministry of Education Novel Catalytic Materials of Hubei Engineering Research Center Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan430205 China State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan430070 China Key Laboratory of Rare Mineral Ministry of Natural Resources Hubei Key Laboratory of Resources and Eco-environmental Geology Geological Experimental Testing Center of Hubei Province Wuhan430034 China Department of Chemical Engineering "National Taiwan University" Taipei10617 China State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

Although challenges remain, synergistic adjusting various microstructures and photo/electrochemical parameters of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are the keys to alleviating the energy crisis and environmental pollution. In this work, a novel nitrogen-defective and sulfur-doped g-C3N4 (S-g-C3N4-D) is designed elaborately. Subsequent physical and chemical characterization proved that the developed S-g-C3N4-D not only displays well-defined 2D lamellar morphology with a large porosity and a high specific surface area but also has an efficient light utilization and carriers-separation and transfer. Moreover, the calculated optimal Gibbs free energy of adsorbed hydrogen (ΔGH*) for S-g-C3N4-D at the S active sites is close to zero (≈0.24 eV) on the basis of first-principle density functional theory (DFT). Accordingly, the developed S-g-C3N4-D catalyst shows a high H2 evolution rate of 5651.5 µmol g−1 h−1. Both DFT calculations and experimental results reveal that a memorable defective g-C3N4/S-doped g-C3N4 step-scheme heterojunction is constructed between S-doped domains and N-defective domains in the structural configuration of S-g-C3N4-D. This work exhibits a significant guidance for the design and fabrication of high-efficiency photocatalysts. © 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Density functional theory

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Controlled Synthesis of Fe3o4/Mno2 (3 1 0)/Zif-67 Composite with Enhanced Synergetic Effects for the Highly Selective and Efficient Adsorption of Cu (Ii) from Simulated Copperplating Effluents

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Wang, Fan Zheng, Yueying Wei, Xinggang Lan, Dawei Zhu, Jintao Chen, Yingjie Wo, Ziquan Wu, Tao New Materials Institute University of Nottingham Ningbo315100 China Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Nottingham Ningbo China Ningbo315100 China Key Laboratory of Carbonaceous Wastes Processing and Process Intensification of Zhejiang Province Ningbo315100 China SAILARK digital technology Co. Ltd Shanghai200000 China Zhejiang - Canada Joint Laboratory on Green Chemicals and Energy China Department of Material Science and Engineering Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Shantou City515000 China

In this study, a highly selective adsorption of Cu (II) is achieved by a designed composite material with an internal synergetic effect between multiple components. The Fe3O4/MnO2/ZIF-67 composite was synthesized by a controlled approach to form MnO2 with a desired (3 1 0) facet to achieve high adsorption selectivity, capacity, and rate. Experimental results showed that the composite exhibits excellent selectivity in adsorbing Cu (II) with a partition coefficient K of Cu (II) 2.2-5.3 times that of other coexistence ions. The composite also demonstrated an excellent adsorption capacity of 1261.0 mg g-1 and a fast adsorption rate of 840.7 mg g-1 h-1 at 298 K. Moreover, its magnetic property enables it easily separated from wastewater, which increases its potential for commercial application. The synergetic effect mechanism was analyzed by characterizations and DFT calculations, and a detailed design demonstration of the above process was carried out. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Adsorption

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Monitoring the Evolution of Dimensional Accuracy and Product Properties in Property-Controlled Forming processes

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Stebner, Sophie Charlotte Martschin, Juri Arian, Bahman Dietrich, Stefan Feistle, Martin Hütter, Sebastian Lafarge, Rémi Laue, Robert Li, Xinyiang Schulte, Christopher Spies, Daniel Thein, Ferdinand Wendler, Frank Wrobel, Malte Vasquez, Julian Rozo Dölz, Michael Münstermann, Sebastian Integrity of Materials and Structures RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Institute of Forming Technology and Lightweight Components Dortmund University Dortmund Germany Forming and Machining Technology Paderborn University Paderborn Germany Institute for Applied Materials - Material Science Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Casting Composite and Processing Technology Garching Germany Institute of Materials and Joining Technology Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg Germany Forming and Machining Processes Technische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany Institute for Machine Tools and Productions Processes Virtual Production Engineering Chemnitz University of Technology Chemnitz Germany Institute of Metal Forming RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Institute of Automatic Control RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Institute for Production Engineering and Forming Machines Technical University of Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany Institut für Geometrie und Praktische Mathematik RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Measurement and Sensor Technology Chemnitz University of Technology Chemnitz Germany Digital Process Engineering Group Institute for Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany Materials Test Engineering Dortmund University Dortmund Germany

As recent trends in manufacturing engineering disciplines show a clear development in the sustainable as well as economically efficient design of forming processes, monitoring techniques have been gaining in relevance. In terms of monitoring of product properties, most processes are currently open-loop controlled, entailing that the microstructure evolution, which determines the final product properties, is not considered. However, a closed-loop control that can adjust and manipulate the process actuators according to the required product properties of the component will lead to a considerable increase in efficiency of the processes regarding resources and will decrease postproduction of the component. For most forming processes, one set of component dimensions will result in a certain set of product properties. However, to successfully establish closed-loop property controls for the processes, a systematic understanding of the reciprocity of the dimensions after forming and final product properties must be established. This work investigates the evolution of dimensional accuracy as well as product properties for a series of forming processes that utilize different degrees of freedom for process control. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： process control

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Extrusion-based additive manufacturing of fungal-based composite materials using the tinder fungus Fomes fomentarius

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Fungal Biology and Biotechnology 2021年第1期8卷 1-11页

作者： Chen, Huaiyou Abdullayev, Amanmyrat Bekheet, Maged F. Schmidt, Bertram Regler, Isabel Pohl, Carsten Vakifahmetoglu, Cekdar Czasny, Mathias Kamm, Paul H. Meyer, Vera Gurlo, Aleksander Simon, Ulla Chair of Advanced Ceramic Materials Institute of Material Science and Technology Faculty III Process Sciences Technische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 135 Berlin 10623 Germany Chair of Applied and Molecular Microbiology Institute of Biotechnology Faculty III Process Sciences Technische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 135 Berlin 10623 Germany Department of Materials Science and Engineering Izmir Institute of Technology Urla Izmir 35430 Turkey Institute of Applied Materials Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1 Berlin 14109 Germany

Background: Recent efforts in fungal biotechnology aim to develop new concepts and technologies that convert renewable plant biomass into innovative biomaterials. Hereby, plant substrates become metabolized by filamentous fungi to transform them into new fungal-based materials. Current research is thus focused on both understanding and optimizing the biology and genetics underlying filamentous fungal growth and on the development of new technologies to produce customized fungal-based materials. Results: This manuscript reports the production of stable pastes, composed of Fomes fomentarius mycelium, alginate and water with 71 wt.% mycelium in the solid content, for additive manufacturing of fungal-based composite materials. After printing complex shapes, such as hollow stars with up to 39 mm in height, a combination of freeze-drying and calcium-crosslinking processes allowed the printed shapes to remain stable even in the presence of water. The printed objects show low bulk densities of 0.12 ± 0.01 g/cm³ with interconnected macropores. Conclusions: This work reports for the first time the application of mycelium obtained from the tinder fungus F. fomentarius for an extrusion-based additive manufacturing approach to fabricate customized light-weight 3D objects. The process holds great promise for developing light-weight, stable, and porous fungal-based materials that could replace expanded polystyrene produced from fossil resources. © 2021, The Author(s).

关键词： Additive manufacturing Alginate Extrusion Freeze-drying Fungi Micro-computed tomography Mycelium Tinder fungus

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Integrated sensing from the synergetic color change of the center/brush of cholesteric liquid crystal particles

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Science China materials 2022年第9期65卷 2565-2577页

作者： Yuanyuan Shang Chenglin Zheng Guochun Zhang Dong Chen Jingxia Wang Lei Jiang CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfaces Sciences Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Center of Material Science and Optoelectronics Engineering School of Future TechnologiesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Ji Hua Laboratory Foshan 528000China Key Laboratory of Functional Crystals and Laser Technology of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of CryogenicsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Institute of Process Equipment College of Energy EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Cholesteric liquid crystal(CLC)particles can adaptively respond to constant changes in external stimuli and thus are widely used in solvent-sensing,pattern fabrication,and *** studies discussed the color change at the center of the particles for various ***,few studies analyzed the color change of the brush structure of particles in response to various applications because of the complicated birefringence *** this paper,we present a novel integrated sensing system based on the synergetic color change from the center and the brush structure of CLC *** system provides abundant and additional sensing information relative to the traditional *** particles are prepared by mixing reactive mesogens,a reactive chiral dopant,a non-reactive LC molecule,and a photoinitiator by using a microfluidic device and subsequent *** CLC particles exhibit gorgeous color at the center and brush structure upon various solvent stimuli because of the Bragg reflection and the birefringence effect,which is explained by the possible color-changing mechanism introduced in this *** proof-of-concept applications,such color-changing polymer particles are demonstrated in multi-solvent-sensing detection and pattern *** study provides new insights into the development of stimuli-responsive advanced functional materials with tailorable nanostructures toward technological applications ranging from sensing to display.

关键词： cholesteric liquid crystal particles integrated-sensing center-brush structure synergetic color change

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A green recycling process for spent lithium-ion batteries with extremely low chemical consumption

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Fundamental Research 2024年

作者： Lv, Weiguang Zheng, Xiaohong Cao, Hongbin Wang, Yue Ning, Pengge Zhang, Yi Sun, Zhi National Engineering Research Center of green recycling for strategic metal resources Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Geological Carbon Storage and Low Carbon Utilization of Resources Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes National Laboratory of Mineral Materials School of Material Sciences and Technology China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Data Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100864 China

Selective recovery of lithium from spent cathodes is an attractive, green and efficient recycling method for spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, current technologies face numerous challenges including high reagent consumption, limited versatility and significant secondary pollution. In this study, we found that an intermediate phase formed during leaching exhibited high physiochemical stability, which hindered leaching of Li⁺ and led to increased reagent and energy consumption. A simple mechanical activation strategy was used to change the intermediate phase of the leaching process by activating the spent cathode without grinding additives. The energy input of the mechanical force resulted in defects in the activated waste, leading to a novel activated intermediate phases. Through experimental characterization and DFT analyses, this novel intermediate phase containing H⁺ was found to have a large specific surface area, large internal stress and low reaction energy, which enabled the leaching of the Li⁺. As a result, the method showed a high utilization efficiency of H⁺ in recycling most spent cathodes. In the end, we established a closed-loop recovery route for spent LIBs that exhibited exceptional efficiency for H⁺ utilization (> 97 %), obviated the need for auxiliary reagents, and substantially reduced secondary pollutant generation. © 2024

关键词： Intermediate phase LIBs recycling Mechanical activation Selective extraction Spent LIBs

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Effect of compound surface modification of shot peening and DLC coating on surface integrity and fatigue properties of gear steel 16Cr3NiWMoVNbE

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Heliyon 2024年第18期10卷 e37991页

作者： Yu, Bo Xu, Chunling Gao, Kaixiong Yang, Wenming Wang, Xin Sun, Zhongwu Zhang, Bin Tang, Zhihui Surface Engineering Institution AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials Beijing 100095 China Aviation Key Laboratory of Advanced Corrosion and Protection on Aviation Materials AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials Beijing 100095 China State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China School of Mechanical Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing 100083 China School of Material Science and Engineering Nanchang Hangkong University Nanchang 330063 China Process Technology Center AECC Harbin Dongan Aero-engine Co. Ltd Harbin 150066 China

We conducted a study on the surface compound modification of shot peening and pure carbon DLC coating to simultaneously meet the requirements of wear resistance and fatigue resistance of spline structure. The effects of surface compound modification were investigated on the surface morphology, residual stress profile, microstructure, and nano-indentation hardness of 16Cr3NiWMovNbE gear steel, and conducted a comparative study on fatigue performance. The results show that the surface compound modification inherits the surface morphology and compressive residual stress gradient of shot peening, while the surface residual stress is slightly smaller than that of shot peening. In addition, surface compound modification still reflects the characteristics of high hardness and high fracture resistance of DLC coatings. Under the bending load based on spline tooth root, compared to the original specimen, the fatigue life after shot peening, pure carbon DLC coating, and surface compound modification is increased by 3.68, 2.35, and 3.36 respectively. Although the compound modified surface still maintains the shot peening morphology with a increasing surface roughness and stress concentration coefficient, the 100 μm-depth compressive residual stress profile and the subgrain refinement layer introduced, as well as the hard surface layer with good load-bearing capacity, have played the role of fatigue strengthening. © 2024

关键词： DLC gradient coating Fatigue hot peening Surface integrity

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