A deformation-processed Cu-10Fe-3Ag in situ composite was made by consumable arc melting and casting followed by extensive deformation. A superior combination of mechanical strength and electrical/thermal conductivity...
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Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 by water was performed in the presence of a Ag/TiO2 catalyst under illumination by lamps with different wavelengths(254,365,and 400 nm).The yields of the main products(methane and metha...
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Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 by water was performed in the presence of a Ag/TiO2 catalyst under illumination by lamps with different wavelengths(254,365,and 400 nm).The yields of the main products(methane and methanol)were higher with the 254 nm lamp than with the 365 lamp while no products were observed with the 400 nm *** was because the electron-hole generation rate increased with increasing energy of irradiation(decreasing wavelength)and there were higher densities of electron states at higher energies in TiO2. The increased efficiency of electron-hole generation with a shorter wavelength irradiation increased the efficiency of the *** energy of the electrons excited by visible light(400 nm)was too low for CO2 photocatalytic reduction.
A detailed analysis covering a thermodynamic and economic evaluation of a 440 MWe natural gas combined cycle power plant with an integrated CO 2 removal plant, using an aqueous solution of monoethanolamine (MEA) has b...
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A detailed analysis covering a thermodynamic and economic evaluation of a 440 MWe natural gas combined cycle power plant with an integrated CO 2 removal plant, using an aqueous solution of monoethanolamine (MEA) has been used as basis for this study. The flow sheet representing the CO 2 capture plant is optimized using absorber intercooling and lean vapour recompression (LVR). In addition, to further reduce the costs of CO 2 capture the gas turbine is utilizing exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) with a level of 40% and thereby the CO 2 content in the gas turbine exhaust gas is increased to almost the double compared to conventional operating gas turbines. A techno-economic evaluation of the simulated results of the extended MEA absorption/desorption process integrated into the NGCC with EGR and CO 2 compression is performed. It is shown that increased thermodynamic performance is achieved on the expenses of increased costs.
Carbon fibers are attractive substrates to be used for designing flexible and weavable devices. In order to obtain some flexible chemical sensors or other nanodevices, surface treatment of carbon fiber was carried out...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9787122120199
Carbon fibers are attractive substrates to be used for designing flexible and weavable devices. In order to obtain some flexible chemical sensors or other nanodevices, surface treatment of carbon fiber was carried out with oxidation approach. Studies on preparation of some typical metal oxide or other inorganic functional film (such as, ZnO, NiO, CdS, et al) with different morphologies under hydrothermal reaction condition were examined. A series of characterizations were employed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), photoluminescence spectra (PL), et al. Results indicated that the ZnO film with porosity was uniformly formed on the surface of carbon fibers, and the uniformities of other films will be improved further by adjusting synthesis conditions.
Steelmaking dust is considered to be a hazardous by-product from steel production. Because of large heterogeneity and anisotropy of this kind of waste it is difficult to design suitable process for its recycling. The ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783940276391
Steelmaking dust is considered to be a hazardous by-product from steel production. Because of large heterogeneity and anisotropy of this kind of waste it is difficult to design suitable process for its recycling. The first and the most important step for recycling process design is to characterize the material from different points of view (chemical, structural, morphological composition). The aim of this work was to characterize the steelmaking dust from Outokumpu Stainless (Tornio, Finland). Chemical analysis was carried out by Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). For structural characterization the X-ray diffraction phase analysis (XRD) was used. Morphological analysis was carried out by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy with semi-quantitative analysis of dust particles. Besides the analysis above also density measurements, specific area measurements and granulometric analysis were carried out.
Decomposition of sodium aluminate solution is the key step for alumina production;however,approximately only 55% alumina yield is obtained by seeded ***,it is difficult to obtain sodium aluminate solution with high ca...
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Decomposition of sodium aluminate solution is the key step for alumina production;however,approximately only 55% alumina yield is obtained by seeded ***,it is difficult to obtain sodium aluminate solution with high caustic *** this study,a method was explored to recover alumina from spent Bayer liquor by deep decomposition with methanol.A variety of conditions,including reaction temperature,reaction time,methanol amount and seed coefficient were elaborately *** results showed that the appropriate conditions were 1:1 in volume ratio of methanol to spent Bayer liquor,more than 1.0 seed coefficient and in a 40℃water bath for 24 *** characterizing through XRD,the crystal products were found to be Al(OH)*** this method,the molar ratio of Na2O to Al2O3 of the spent liquor can be increased from about 3.0 to 10.0 due to the recovery of alumina,which is beneficial for the treatment of red mud.
An on-chip electrochemical detector for microfluidic chips was described, based on integrated carbon nanotube (CNT) electrodes directly onto the chip substrate through microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MW...
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An on-chip electrochemical detector for microfluidic chips was described, based on integrated carbon nanotube (CNT) electrodes directly onto the chip substrate through microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MWPCVD). The attractive performance of the integrated CNT electrodes was demonstrated for the amperometric detection of sucrose, glucose and D-fructose. The integrated CNT electrodes showed stronger electrocatalytic activity than gold electrodes.
A prediction model of sulphide capacity in CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3 slag systems was developed based on the ion and molecule coexistence theory (IMCT) of slags, i.e., IMCT-CS2- model. The predicted sulphide capacity by the ...
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A prediction model of sulphide capacity in CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3 slag systems was developed based on the ion and molecule coexistence theory (IMCT) of slags, i.e., IMCT-CS2- model. The predicted sulphide capacity by the IMCT-CS2- model was compared with the measured one from experiments and the predicted one by other five prediction models of sulphide capacity. The predicted sulphide capacity of CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3 slags at 1 773 K by the developed IMCT-CS2- model has a higher accuracy than the measured one as well as the predicted one by other sulphide capacity models. The developed IMCT-CS2- model can calculate not only the total sulphide capacity of the slags but also the respective sulphide capacity of free CaO and MgO in the slags. Increasing the Al2O3 content from 10% to 17%, increasing the CaO content from 38% to 44% and decreasing the MgO content from 12% to 4% can improve the contribution ratio of free CaO from 97% to 99 % and decrease the contribution ratio of free MgO from 3% to about 1% to the total sulphide capacity of CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3 slags.
We report on the mechanistic effects of epitaxial strain on the surface chemistry, in particular the segregation of Sr cations on La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSM) model dense thin films. Our results show that the LSM film surface...
We report on the mechanistic effects of epitaxial strain on the surface chemistry, in particular the segregation of Sr cations on La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSM) model dense thin films. Our results show that the LSM film surfaces are layered and exhibit strain-dependent nanoscale lateral structures. All surfaces examined here were Sr-rich. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows a larger Sr segregation tendency for the tensile strained LSM films. This result is in good agreement with our first principles-based calculations, which predict lower Sr segregation energy on the tensile strained LSM surface. Our findings suggest the importance of lattice strain as a key parameter to tune the surface chemistry for facilitating oxygen reduction kinetics on transition metal perovskite cathode surfaces for solid oxide fuel cells.
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