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2024 IEEE Microwaves, Antennas, and Propagation Conference, MAPCON 2024

作者： Choudhary, Anshuman Akhtar, M. Jaleel Materials Science Programme Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur India Department of Electrical Engineering & Materials Science Programme Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350379693

A flexible, optically transparent and lightweight silver nanowires (AgNWs) based thin film is demonstrated for the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding applications. The process involves the synthesis of silver nanowires with a length of 60 µm and a diameter of 169 nm using the polyol process. These AgNWs are then deposited on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) sheet via drop-casting to create a silver nanowire-polyethylene terephthalate (AgNWPET) layer. The resulting thin film forms AgNW networks with a sheet resistance (Rs) of 70.73 Ω/sq, which provides conductive paths for the EM waves in the specified frequency band thereby providing adequate shielding. This film is found to be quite effective as the EMI shielding layer, providing a total shielding effectiveness (SET) above 10 dB in the X-band (8.2-10.5 GHz), for a thickness of only 100.8 µm. The proposed AgNWPET film is also simulated using the CST Microwave Studio to optimize various parameters, and the measured SET agrees well with the simulated results. The high aspect ratio (355) of AgNWs allows optical frequencies to pass through, thereby making it optically transparent. The proposed thin sheet is lightweight, highly flexible, and optically transparent, making it ideal for EMI shielding applications in the aerospace and defense industry. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Aspect ratio

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Design and Optimization of Featherweight, Ultra-Thin, Flexible PET/CNF/PU Multilayered Sandwich Structure for Absorption-Dominant EMI Shielding

Design and Optimization of Featherweight, Ultra-Thin, Flexib...

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2024 IEEE Microwaves, Antennas, and Propagation Conference, MAPCON 2024

作者： Tahalyani, Jitendra Akhtar, M. Jaleel Kar, Kamal K. Materials Science Programme IIT Kanpur India Department of Electrical Engineering IIT Kanpur India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350379693

In the present work, thin, lightweight, and flexible multi-layer sandwich structure (FMSS) nanocomposite is designed and developed for next-generation EMI shielding which can be used in complex environments and conformal surfaces. Such type of FMSS nanocomposite is fabricated by encapsulating the carbon nanofiber (CNF) between the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyurethane (PU). FMSS has tri-layered structure which work as an absorber-reflector-absorber. The 2 wt% CNF (FMSS2) displays both enhancement in the conductivity and shielding effectiveness (SET) in the X-band. The maximum SET of -24.80 dB is observed for FMSS2 at just 0.15 mm thickness. The micrographs and electrical conductivity of the fabricated FMSS are explored further for the absorption dominating mechanism for EMI shielding. The stacked layers of FMSS2 (0.3 mm thick) display the maximum SET of -32.61 dB, showing high resistance towards two hours of water sonication, bending horizontally/vertically, and 1000 mechanical bending cycles. The CST simulation was performed in at 8.2-12.4 GHz using the materials microwave properties and SET is verified numerically with the experimental values. The fabricated FMSS are flexible, lightweight, thin and showing advancement in the SET values can be used in conformal electronic packaging and coating in civil, defense, and aerospace applications. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Sandwich structures

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Heteroatom dopant strategy triggered high-potential plateau to non-graphitized carbon with highly disordered microstructure for high-performance sodium ion storage

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第4期79卷 192-200页

作者： Peilin Zhang Chen Huang Mingzhen Xiu Siyu Zhu Weiwei Wang Bo Zhu Likang Qin Yizhong Huang Luyang Chen Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore Energy Research Institute Interdisciplinary Graduate ProgrammeNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore

Non-graphitized carbon(NGC)has been extensively utilized as carbonaceous anode in sodium-ion batteries(SIBs).However,more optimization to achieve competitive capacity and stability is still challenging for *** the study,the dopant strategy is utilized to construct nitrogen/sulfur-doped non-graphitized carbon(N-NGC or S-NGC)shell decorated on three-dimensional graphene foam(GF)as a self-support *** highly disordered microstructures of heteroatom doped carbons are produced by applying a low-temperature pyrolysis treatment to precursors containing nitrogen and *** DFT calculations of Na-ion adsorption energies at diverse heteroatom sites show marginal-S,pyrrolic N and pyridinic N with more intensive Na-ion adsorption ability than middle-S,C=O and pristine *** N-NGC with dominant small graphitic regions delivers adsorption ability to Na-ion,while the S-NGC with significant single carbon lattice stripes demonstrates redox reaction with ***,in comparison with only adsorption-driven slope regions at high potential for N-NGC,the redox reaction-generated potentialplateau enables non-graphitized S-NGC superior discharge/charge capacity and cycle-stability in the slope *** work could provide deep insight into the rational design of non-graphitized carbon with rich microstructure and composition.

关键词： Non-graphitized carbon Highly disordered microstructure Heteroatom dopant Adsorption Redox reaction

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FSS Integrated Hybrid Nanocomposite Microwave Absorber Structure for Stealth Applications

FSS Integrated Hybrid Nanocomposite Microwave Absorber Struc...

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2023 IEEE Microwaves, Antennas, and Propagation Conference, MAPCON 2023

作者： Choudhary, Anshuman Tahalyani, Jitendra Akhtar, M. Jaleel Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Materials Science Programme Kanpur India Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Department of Electrical Engineering Materials Science Programme Kanpur India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350328264

In this work, a hybrid microwave absorber (MA) comprising the frequency selective surfaces (FSS) and a thin lossy nanocomposite sheet, for stealth technology in the X-band (8.2-12.4 GHz) is proposed. The first step here requires the synthesis of exfoliated graphite (EG) and the barium strontium titanate (BST) fillers using the microwave-assisted intercalation and sol-gel techniques, respectively. The EG (4 wt%) and BST (10 wt%) fillers are then embedded into the epoxy resin to obtain the EGBST lossy nanocomposite sheet. The reflection coefficient (S11) of up to 13.7 dB covering a 10-dB absorption bandwidth of 1.94 GHz from 7.92-9.86 GHz is attained for this nanocomposite sheet having 2.1 mm thickness. Afterwards, the EGBST nanocomposite sheet is integrated with an optimized FSS layer to realize a hybrid MA (HMA) structure to enhance the overall absorption bandwidth. The optimized HMA structure enhances the 10-dB absorption bandwidth of the resultant sample to 3.67 GHz (8.12-11.79 GHz) covering 90% of X-band for a thickness of just 2 mm (∼ λ / 15), attaining a minimum reflection coefficient of -28 dB. The proposed nanocomposite-based hybrid microwave absorber can potentially be used for the radar applications conforming to the stealth technology. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) dielectric property exfoliated graphite (EG) Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) hybrid microwave absorber (HMA) reflection coefficient (S11)

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Photovoltaic Module Recycling Processes: A Review 3rd

Photovoltaic Module Recycling Processes: A Review

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3rd International Conference on Advances in materials Processing: Challenges and Opportunities, AMPCO 2022

作者： Trivedi, Harish Meshram, Arunabh Gupta, Rajeev Materials Science Programme IIT Kanpur Kanpur India Department of Materials Science & Engineering IIT Kanpur Kanpur India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819919703

Photovoltaic module (PVM) is a very popular energy device for green and renewable energy. Recycling of end of life (EoL) PVMs is becoming a necessity due to excessive e-waste generation. PVMs contain many precious and hazardous metals. Manufacturing of materials used in PVMs is highly energy intensive so effective recycling will increase the sustainability of the PVMs industry. There are many recycling processes available such as physical, chemical, thermal, and hybrid processes, however, optimization is required to handle huge e-waste which is expected by EoL PVMs in upcoming decades. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Silicon wafers

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Design of Spoke Type CSRR based RF Sensor for Non-Destructive Quality Evaluation of Wood

Design of Spoke Type CSRR based RF Sensor for Non-Destructiv...

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2023 IEEE/MTT-S International Microwave Symposium, IMS 2023

作者： Banerjee, Apala Azad, Prakrati Akhtar, M Jaleel Indian Institute of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Kanpur India Indian Institute of Technology Materials Science Programme Kanpur India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350347647

A spoke type novel complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) based RF sensor for non-destructive qualitative assessment of wood is presented. The novelty of the proposed sensor lies in the creation of many capacitive gaps in the sensing region comparable to that of the dimensions of the micro voids and vessels (0.2 mm to 1.2 mm) present in the wood. This kind of novel CSRR geometry basically facilitates maximum electromagnetic interaction between the sensing region and the test specimen suitable for evaluating the quality of wood samples defined in terms of porosity. The wood samples from Indian barks of Neem, Chir, and Sagwan are specially manufactured for testing in the present scenario. The sensor is fabricated on a 0.8 mm thick Taconic substrate, and all the wood samples are measured using the Vector Network Analyzer. In the next step, these samples are heat treated in a microwave oven for 1 min at 350 watts and are measured once again to determine their porosity in terms of the measured resonant frequency and the corresponding transmission coefficient magnitude. The maximum sensitivity achieved corresponds to the Neem sample, which provides a frequency shift of 23.8 MHz for unity percentage change in the porosity. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Porosity

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Flash sintering of 3D-printed 3YSZ scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

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Ceramics International 2025年第13期51卷 17704-17717页

作者： Nunes, Fabio C. Lançoni, Patryck A. Gomes, Gustavo H.M. Santos, Karina F. Nagata, Ester Y. Campos, João V. Moraes, Izabel C.F. Daguano, Juliana K.M.B. Pallone, Eliria M.J.A. Postgraduate Programme in Materials Science and Engineering University of Sao Paulo USP/FZEA Pirassununga SP Brazil Department of Biosystems Engineering University of Sao Paulo USP/FZEA Pirassununga SP Brazil Institute of Pure and Applied Science Federal University of Itajubá Campus Itabira MG Brazil Center for Information Technology Renato Archer Campinas SP Brazil Department of Materials Engineering Federal University of Sao Carlos São Carlos SP Brazil Department of Food Engineering University of Sao Paulo USP/FZEA Pirassununga SP Brazil

Flash sintering is an innovative technique that employs an electric field to significantly accelerate the sintering process while reducing the furnace temperature needed for sintering, offering reduced processing times and energy consumption. This approach enables the rapid consolidation of ceramic materials within seconds, presenting new opportunities for advanced manufacturing. One promising yet not fully explored application is the densification of 3D-printed porous structures, such as scaffolds. In this study, we investigated, for the first time, the application of flash sintering to 3 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia (3YSZ) scaffolds fabricated via material extrusion. The scaffolds were produced using an ink comprising 70 wt% ceramic particles, poly(ethylene glycol) as a binder, and Laponite nanoclay as a rheological agent. After debinding, flash sintering was performed using an electric field of 80 V cm−1 to consolidate the scaffolds. The rheological properties of the ink were characterized to ensure optimal printability, while the scaffold morphology was analyzed across various regions. The ink exhibited a shear-thinning behavior, ideal for material extrusion processes. Flash sintering resulted in rapid densification of the scaffolds at lower temperatures (1000 °C/60s) compared to conventional sintering methods (1500 °C/2h). Finite element analysis was employed to model the temperature evolution of the scaffolds during flash sintering. The final scaffolds demonstrated uniform grain size, interconnected porosity, and a robust porous network, emphasizing the potential of flash sintering for fabricating complex-shaped ceramics with tailored microstructures. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Ceramic materials

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Removal of encapsulant Ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) from solar cells of photovoltaic modules (PVMs) 2nd

Removal of encapsulant Ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) from sol...

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2nd International Conference on Management and Recycling of Metallurgical Wastes, MetWaste 2023

作者： Trivedi, Harish Kumar Meshram, Arunabh Gupta, Rajeev Materials Science Programme Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur India Department of Materials Science & Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur India Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur India

Photovoltaic modules (PVMs) are a very promising way to meet future energy needs. As traditional energy sources aren’t sustainable, the only way to meet future energy needs will be through renewable energy sources. The amount of e-waste expected to generated in the near future is an important concern. Ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) encapsulate the solar cell, and this layer must be removed to get to the other materials that can be recycled. EVA can be removed with the help of heat treatment and organic solvents. In this work, the interaction of EVA with different organic solvents was studied. For measuring interaction, the swelling of EVA caused by the organic solvent penetrating and accommodating inside the polymer matrix is considered. The swelling also caused EVA to lose its mechanical strength, making it easy to remove. The reaction of organic solvents with EVA is explained in terms of functional groups of organic solvents. When compared to other solvents, chlorinated hydrocarbons such as trichloroethylene, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform can effectively cause EVA swelling. Furthermore, aromatic hydrocarbons interact well with EVA. Aromatic hydrocarbons are relatively better choice than chlorine-containing hydrocarbon for industrial application based on sustainability of the process. Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Polyvinyl acetates

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Effects of Heat Treatment on the Properties of SS440C for Blades Applications

Effects of Heat Treatment on the Properties of SS440C for Bl...

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Green materials and Electronic Packaging Interconnect Technology Symposium, EPITS 2022

作者： Adzali, Nur Maizatul Shima Salihin, Siti Khadijah Ahmad Zaidi, Nur Hidayah Industrial Chemical Process Programme Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Kampus UniCITI Sg. Chuchuh Padang Besar Perlis02100 Malaysia Materials Engineering Programme Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis Jejawi Perlis Arau02600 Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9789811992667

SS440C steel is commonly used for knife blades, bearings, valve parts, and medical equipment. The composition of SS440C steels is designed to increase hardness especially in blade applications. The effect of quenching and tempering heat treatment on the properties of SS440C was investigated in this study. Quenching heat treatment is done at 1000 °C, followed by tempering at 150 and 500 °C in a muffle furnace. Microstructure of SS440C samples were studied using an optical microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Properties of SS440C after heat treatment have been investigated using the Rockwell hardness test and tensile test. It was found that the sample quenched at 1000 °C (without temper) had the highest hardness with 58.4HRC, while the as-received annealed sample had 11.4HRC followed by sample tempered at 150 °C with 57.5HRC and 500 °C with 54.1HRC. Tensile testing reveals that quenching and tempering at 500 °C result in the highest maximum stress compared to other samples. Through optical microscopy observation, a sample tempered at 500 °C has larger size of carbide precipitate than sample that quenched and tempered at a 150 °C. Insufficient carbide dissolution or a more abrasive reaction is revealed by larger carbide sizes. In conclusion, SS440C temper at 500 °C reflects that it has better properties than the other. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Quenching

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Ultra-Thin LIG Film for X band EMI Shielding Applications

Ultra-Thin LIG Film for X band EMI Shielding Applications

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2023 IEEE Microwaves, Antennas, and Propagation Conference, MAPCON 2023

作者： Shahnawaz, Mohammad Baskey, Himangshu B. Akhtar, M. Jaleel Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Materials Science Programme Kanpur India Special Materials Group DMSRDE-DRDO Kanpur India Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Department of Electrical Engineering Kanpur India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350328264

The development of lightweight and ultrathin materials is quite important for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding of myriads of electrical devices, especially in the telecommunication and the aerospace industry. In this work, a novel ultrathin Laser Induced Graphene (LIG) film with total thickness of only 0.05 mm is synthesized, fabricated and tested for the EMI shielding application. The proposed LIG film, based on the customized conductive material, is fabricated using a pulsed CO2 laser system. It is demonstrated that the fabricated LIG sample exhibits more than 10 dB total shielding effectiveness (SET) in the entire X band. The ratio of SET/ thickness(mm) for the fabricated LIG film is found to be greater than 200, which is phenomenally high as compared to the state of the art EMI shielding materials. Further, the electrical conductivity of the LIG film is measured and this data is utilized to perform simulation using the numerical EM simulator;the CST Microwave Studio for the SET performances. A close matching is observed between the measured and the simulated SE data. The proposed synthesis scheme appears to be quite promising for design and development of lightweight EMI shielding materials, which can have wide range of applications in industry. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： EMI shielding flexible nanocomposite sheet LIG

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