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Mechanism for plasmon-generated solvated electrons

Proceedings of the National Academy of sciences of the United States of America 2023年第3期120卷 e2217035120-e2217035120页

作者： Al-Zubeidi, Alexander Ostovar, Behnaz Carlin, Claire C. Li, Boxi Cam Lee, Stephen A. Chiang, Wei-Yi Gross, Niklas Dutta, Sukanya Misiura, Anastasiia Searles, Emily K. Chakraborty, Amrita Roberts, Sean T. Dionne, Jennifer A. Rossky, Peter J. Landes, Christy F. Link, Stephan Department of Chemistry Rice University Houston 77005 TX United States Center for Adapting Flaws into Features Rice University Houston 77005 TX United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston 77005 TX United States Department of Applied Physics Stanford University Stanford 94305 CA United States Department of Chemistry University of Texas at Austin Austin 78712 TX United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University Stanford 94305 CA United States Department of Radiology Stanford University Stanford 94305 CA United States Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice University Houston 77005 TX United States

Solvated electrons are powerful reducing agents capable of driving some of the most energetically expensive reduction reactions. Their generation under mild and sustainable conditions remains challenging though. Using near-ultraviolet irradiation under low-intensity one-photon conditions coupled with electrochemical and optical detection, we show that the yield of solvated electrons in water is increased more than 10 times for nanoparticle-decorated electrodes compared to smooth silver electrodes. Based on the simulations of electric fields and hot carrier distributions, we determine that hot electrons generated by plasmons are injected into water to form solvated electrons. Both yield enhancement and hot carrier production spectrally follow the plasmonic near-field. The ability to enhance solvated electron yields in a controlled manner by tailoring nanoparticle plasmons opens up a promising strategy for exploiting solvated electrons in chemical reactions. Copyright © 2023 the Author(s).

关键词： hot carriers hydrated electrons nanoparticles photoemission

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Exploring Shifted Domain Problem within MNIST Dataset

Exploring Shifted Domain Problem within MNIST Dataset

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computer science, Information Technology and engineering (ICCoSITE), International Conference on

作者： Hidayaturrahman Yaya Heryadi Lukas Wayan Suparta Yulyani Arifin Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program – Computer Science Bina Nusatara University Jakarta Indonesia Cognitive Engineering Research Group (CERG) Faculty of Engineering Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya Jakarta Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Nasional Yogyakarta Yogyakarta Indonesia

Domain data can be shifted in any direction so it will be shared in different distributions to its original domain. This could be a problem since the model was trained with different distributions. It is found that adversarial domain adaptation using domain adversarial neural networks (DANN) can help to solve this problem on some scale. DANN can minimize the discrepancy between source and target data so the model can work well in both domains. The experiment is done by utilizing MNIST dataset that shifted into some conditions. In a condition when the shifting of distribution is too far, DANN is struggling to maintain the knowledge extracted from source data which leads to underperformance in the source and target domain. In contrast, when the shifting is closer, DANN can easily fit the model so it can perform well in both domains. It proves DANN is one of the good approaches to performing domain adaptation in small discrepancies.

关键词： computer science Adaptation models Neural networks Feature extraction Data models Data mining Information technology

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Metalorganic chemical vapor deposition of β-(AlxGa1−x)2O3 thin films on (001) β-Ga2O3 substrates

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Bhuiyan, A.F.M. Anhar Uddin Meng, Lingyu Huang, Hsien-Lien Sarker, Jith Chae, Chris Mazumder, Baishakhi Hwang, Jinwoo Zhao, Hongping Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States Department of Materials Design and Innovation University at Buffalo BuffaloNY14260 United States

Phase pure β-(AlxGa1−x)2O3 thin films are grown on (001) oriented β-Ga2O3 substrates via metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. By systematically tuning the precursor molar flow rates, the epitaxial growth of coherently strained β-(AlxGa1−x)2O3 films is demonstrated with up to 25% Al compositions as evaluated by high resolution x-ray diffraction. The asymmetrical reciprocal space mapping confirms the growth of coherent β-(AlxGa1−x)2O3 films (x 2O3 substrates. However, the alloy inhomogeneity with local segregation of Al along the (201) plane is observed from atomic resolution STEM imaging, resulting in wavy and inhomogeneous interfaces in the β-(AlxGa1−x)2O3/β-Ga2O3 superlattice structure. Room temperature Raman spectra of β-(AlxGa1−x)2O3 films show similar characteristics peaks as the (001) β-Ga2O3 substrate without obvious Raman shifts for films with different Al compositions. Atom probe tomography was used to investigate the atomic level structural chemistry with increasing Al content in the β-(AlxGa1−x)2O3 films. A monotonous increase in chemical heterogeneity is observed from the in-plane Al/Ga distributions, which was further confirmed via statistical frequency distribution analysis. Although the films exhibit alloy fluctuations, n-type doping demonstrates good electrical properties for films with various Al compositions. The determined valence and conduction band offsets at β-(AlxGa1−x)2O3/β-Ga2O3 heterojunctions using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveal the formation of type-II (staggered) band alignment. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： X ray photoelectron spectroscopy

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An ab initio framework for understanding and controlling quantum fluctuations in complex light-matter systems

An ab initio framework for understanding and controlling qua...

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CLEO: Fundamental science, CLEO:FS 2024 - Part of Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2024

作者： Rivera, Nicholas Uddin, Shiekh Zia Seyler, Devin Salamin, Yannick Sloan, Jamison Roques-Carmes, Charles Xu, Shutao Sander, Michelle Soljacic, Marin Department of Physics Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States E.L. Ginzton Laboratory Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering BU Photonics Center Boston University BostonMA02215 United States Division of Materials Science and Engineering Boston University BrooklineMA02446 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston University BostonMA02215 United States

We develop a new general theory of quantum noise in photonics. As an example, we demonstrate strong quantum correlations and squeezing in supercontinuum generation. Our results enable overcoming quantum noise limits i... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171395

关键词： Supercontinuum generation

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Anomalous vortex Hall effect in a ferromagnet/superconductor heterostructure

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Sun, Weideng Swatek, Przemyslaw Fan, Yihong Yun, Hwanhui Lyu, Deyuan Mkhoyan, K. Andre Wang, Jian-Ping Qiu, Gang Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Minnesota Twin Cities MinneapolisMN55455 United States Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota Twin Cities MinneapolisMN55455 United States Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology Daejeon34114 Korea Republic of

The coexistence of superconductivity and ferromagnetism is a fascinating and complex phenomenon in condensed matter physics, as these two states are typically mutually exclusive due to their competing spin configurations. However, the interplay between these two orders through the proximity effect has been a subject of intense research as it opens up possibilities for novel technological applications. Here, we report the coexistence of superconductivity and ferromagnetism in superconducting δ-TaN/ferromagnetic CoFeB heterostructures grown by facing-target sputtering. Superconducting states are comprehensively investigated, with evidence of strong correlation between the superconducting and ferromagnetic order parameters. In particular, we observed an anomalous Hall signal without the presence of the magnetic field in the mixed state of the superconducting transition near the critical temperature. Systematic characterizations of the Hall resistance under varying temperatures and magnetic fields attribute this behavior to the vortex Hall effect (VHE), whereby superconducting vortices in the mixed state undergo transverse motions near the critical temperature. Unlike previously reported VHEs in conventional type-II superconductors, the anomalous VHE in TaN is induced by the stray field in the underlying CoFeB layers. The concurrency of strong spin-orbit coupling, the superconductivity in the TaN layer, and the highly spin-polarized ferromagnetic ordering in the CoFeB layer offers new insights into proximity-induced vortex dynamics and the design of novel superconducting spintronic devices. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetic fields

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Ultrastrong Light-Matter and Matter-Matter Coupling

Ultrastrong Light-Matter and Matter-Matter Coupling

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Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO/Pacific Rim)

作者： Junichiro Kono Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Physics and Astronomy and Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University Houston Texas U.S.A.

This talk will describe our recent studies of light-matter and matter-matter coupling phenomena in condensed matter in the ultrastrong coupling regime.

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Plasmonically Enhanced Second Harmonic Generation of Weyl Semimetal TaAs through field confinement

Plasmonically Enhanced Second Harmonic Generation of Weyl Se...

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CLEO: science and Innovations, S and I 2022

作者： Yang, Morris M. Sychev, Demid Xu, Xiaohui Martin, Zach Mandurus, David Suriya, Hasitha Arachchige Lagoutchev, Alexei Shalaev, Vladimir Boltasseva, Alexandra Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue University West LafayetteIN46907 United States School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States School of Materials Engineering Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN37996 United States

We demonstrate 300 percent increase of second-harmonic generation from Weyl semimetal TaAs surface by distributing plasmonic silver nanoantennas on TaAs. Normalizing laser spot size area over silver nanoantenna areas ... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557528209

关键词： Silver

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Physics Constrained Multi-Objective Bayesian Optimization to Accelerate 3d Printing of Thermoplastics

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Lin, Jian Sattari, Kianoosh Wu, Yuchao Chen, Zhenru Mahjoubnia, Alireza Su, Changhua Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Missouri ColumbiaMO65211 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Missouri ColumbiaMO65211 United States Food Science Program Division of Food Nutrition & Exercise Sciences University of Missouri ColumbiaMO65211 United States

Vat photopolymerization (VPP) of thermoplastics faces an issue of unpredictable printability due to the involved competing photopolymerization and dissolution reactions. The printing outcome largely depends on physicochemical properties of monomers and their compositions in resins, which also greatly determine the material properties, e.g., strength/toughness and phase transition temperature (Tg). Thus, a methodology for optimizing the resin formulation is of paramount importance in realizing highly printable thermoplastics with balanced strength/toughness and target Tg while remaining largely underexplored. Herein, we introduce a multi-objective Bayesian optimization (MOBO) algorithm with two physics informed constraints (printability and Tg) to optimize two conflicting properties: tensile strength (σT) and toughness (UT). The two constraints are formulated as two machine learning (ML) models, which are trained with weight ratios of the six input monomers and physics informed (PI) descriptors derived from their physiochemical parameters. Dimensional reduction analysis reveals that the algorithm avoids recommendation of the monomer ratios that do not pass the two constraints. The printing failure rate is reduced from 16% in the background experiments to 3% in the recommended experiments. Within only 36 iterations (72 samples), the MOBO algorithm successfully identifies five sets of ratios leading to Pareto optimal of σT and UT. Due to the constraint in Tg they show appropriate Tg for shape memory application. The partial dependence analysis indicates that σT and UT depend on both the ratios and physiochemical features of the monomers. These results underscore capability of such a smart decision-making algorithm—with constraints that are not fully understood but can be informed by prior knowledge—in planning the experiments from the vast design space, thus holding a great promise for broader applications in materials and manufacturing. © 2024, The Authors. All rights

关键词： Resins

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Versatility of laser enhanced direct print additive manufacturing

Versatility of laser enhanced direct print additive manufact...

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Printing for Fabrication 2021

作者： Firat, Omer F. Tipton, Roger Bhethanabotla, Venkat Wang, Jing Weller, Thomas School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Oregon State University CorvallisOR United States Department of Chemical Biological and Materials Engineering University of South Florida TampaFL United States Department of Electrical Engineering University of South Florida TampaFL United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780892083565

This paper provides examples of the use of direct print additive manufacturing to fabricate RF/microwave and optical components. Direct print additive manufacturing is the combination of extrusion and micro-dispensing on a single tool. The design, 3D printing process and material selections for finite ground coplanar waveguide (FG-CPW) planar transmission lines, the integration of DC contact RF MEMS switches within the FG-CPWs, and optical interconnects are detailed. Picosecondpulsed laser machining is performed to enhance the finish quality of the devices and achieve minimum feature size down to 6 μm specifically for the RF switch. © 2021 Society for Imaging science and Technology.

关键词： 3D printers

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Selective-Area Growth of Gan and Algan Nanowires on N-Polar Gan Templates with 4° Miscut by Plasma-Assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Khan, Kamruzzaman Jian, Zhe Li, Jonathan Sun, Kai Ahmadi, Elaheh Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor United States Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor United States

In this study, selective area growth (SAG)s of AlGaN/GaN nanowires (NWs) on miscut N-polar GaN templates were studied and compared with that grown on Ga-polar templates using plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The SAG of N-polar AlGaN/GaN NWs demonstrated higher growth rate and more growth selectivity than that of Ga-polar AlGaN/GaN NWs. Additionally, lateral growth rate of N-polar NWs was significantly lower than Ga-polar NWs. Compared to the pyramidal shaped top surfaces of Ga-polar NWs, the N-polar GaN NWs had flat head top surfaces. The combination of higher growth selectivity, larger growth window, negligible lateral growth, and flat head, makes N-polar (Al,Ga)N NWs attractive for a variety of applications including UV LEDs and detectors as well as quantum sensing. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Aluminum gallium nitride

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