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Effect of Sn addition on electrochemical activity of ribbons of Mg-Al-Ca anode material for rechargeable magnesium batteries fabricated by rapid solidification

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Keikinzoku/Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals 2025年第1期75卷 9-13页

作者： Fukuta, Yoshitaka Kikura, Kensei Tsukeda, Tadayoshi Aida, Tetsuo Tabata, Hironobu Kurihara, Hideki Suzuki, Mayumi Program of Materials Science and Engineering Studies in Science and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering University of Toyama 3190 Gofuku Toyama-shi Toyama930-8555 Japan Graduate School of Science and Engineering University of Toyama Toyama-shi Toyama Japan Faculty of Sustainable Design Academic Assembly University of Toyama Toyama-shi Toyama Japan CHUETSU METAL WORKS CO. LTD. Nakaniikawagun Toyama Japan Saitama Industrial technology Center Kawaguchi-shi Saitama Japan Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Toyama Prefectural University Imizu-shi Toyama Japan

Magnesium-based batteries are potential candidates for next-generation rechargeable batteries due to the divalent nature of magnesium cations and the natural abundance of magnesium resources. In this study, the electrochemical activity of Mg-6mass%Al-3mass%Ca anodes combined with Sn was investigated. Thin ribbons of the anode specimens were prepared by a single-roll rapid solidification method. The results showed that the electrochemical activity increased upon adding 1 mass% Sn, while it decreased for 3 mass% Sn. Based on the results of an X-ray diffraction analysis, the addition of Sn led to the formation of Mg2Sn and Ca2Sn phases, which increased the lattice distortion. Scanning electron microscopy observations indicated that these secondary phases were homogeneously distributed for 1 mass% Sn addition, while they were coarsely distributed for 3 mass% Sn. © 2025 The Japan Institute of Light Metals.

关键词： X ray diffraction analysis

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A Biomimetic Stress Field Modulation Strategy Inspired by Scorpion Compound Slit Sensilla Enabled High-Accuracy and Low-Power Positioning Sensor for Identifying the Load Incident Angles

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Journal of Bionic engineering 2025年第2期22卷 727-738页

作者： Junqiu Zhang Yu Chen Haoran Li Jiqi Gao Xiangbo Gu Jiachao Wu Xiaojing Qin Kejun Wang Bin Zhu Daobing Chen Tao Sun Jianhua Fan Zhiwu Han Luquan Ren Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering Ministry of EducationJilin UniversityChangchun130022People’s Republic of China Institute of Structured and Architected Materials Liaoning Academy of MaterialsShenyang110167China Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Robotics Soochow UniversitySuzhou215123People’s Republic of China School of Mechanical Engineering Sciences University of SurreyGuildfordGU27XHUK The Institute of Technological Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan430072China School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun130025China

Numerous arthropods evolve and optimize sensory systems, enabling them to effectively adapt complex and competitive habitats. Typically, scorpions can precisely perceive the prey location with the lowest metabolic rate among invertebrates. This biological phenomenon contrasts sharply with engineered systems, which generally associates high accuracy with substantial energy consumption. Inspired by the Scorpion Compound Slit Sensilla (SCSS) with a stress field modulation strategy, a bionic positioning sensor with superior precision and minimal power consumption is developed for the first time, which utilizes the particular Minimum Positioning Units (MPUs) to efficiently locate vibration signals. The single MPU of the SCSS can recognize the direction of collinear loads by regulating the stress field distribution and further, the coupling action of three MPUs can realize all-angle vibration monitoring in plane. Experiments demonstrate that the bionic positioning sensor achieves 1.43 degrees of angle-error-free accuracy without additional energy supply. As a proof of concept, two bionic positioning sensors and machine learning algorithm are integrated to provide centimeter (cm)-accuracy target localization, ideally suited for the man-machine interaction. The novel design offers a new mechanism for the design of traditional positioning devices, improving precision and efficiency in both the meta-universe and real-world Internet-connected systems.

关键词： Scorpion Compound Slit Sensilla(SCSS) Vibration Source Stress Field Modulation Strategy High-accuracy and low-power Positioning Sensor Minimum Positioning Unit(MPU)

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Unexpectedly achieving high strength in a low rare-earth magnesium alloy via low-temperature extrusion

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第6期43卷 1281-1292页

作者： Zhang, Dongdong Zhang, Xiaoru Che, Chaojie Fang, Daqing Li, Ke Zhao, Zhanyong Bai, Peikang Sun, Jun College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and Technology Taiyuan030024 China State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun130022 China School of Materials Science and Engineering North University of China Taiyuan030051 China

关键词： Magnesium alloys

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Great influence of demagnetization history on internal interaction and magnetization process of mischmetal-based magnets

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第2期68卷 183-192页

作者： Dan Liu Jiefu Xiong Lichen Wang Xinqi Zheng Xin Ming Jiaying Jin Jiazheng Hao He Bai Zhenxing Li Tongyun Zhao Fengxia Hu Jirong Sun Jun Shen Baogen Shen Department of Physics Beijing Technology and Business UniversityBeijing 10048China Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology&Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 31521China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Spallation Neutron Source Science Center Dongguan 523803China School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China Ganjiang Innovation Academy Chinese Academy of SciencesGanzhou 341000China

The magnetization process and corresponding magnetization curve are usually used to analyze the coercivity mechanism of NdFe-B based sintered ***,different demagnetization histories will seriously influence the magnetization curve,leading to an inaccurate understanding and analysis of magnetization *** this work,we investigated the magnetization behavior of multi-main phase(MMP)magnets with thermal demagnetized and alternating current demagnetized *** curves of initial magnetization process and demagnetization process of thermal demagnetized magnets reflect the movement of domain walls inside the grains and the magnetization interaction between the grains,*** is noted that the former process cannot represent the magnetization reversal of the entire magnet,which is not appropriate to analyze coercivity mechanism *** the recoil curves of both two processes of AC demagnetized magnets can illustrate the magnetization reversal of the entire grains and the interaction between ***-optical Kerr microscope shows that the grains of thermal demagnetized magnets are in multi-domain states,and the grains of AC demagnetized magnets are almost in singledomain *** walls of thermal demagnetized magnets move easily within the grains,which is more conducive to magnetization saturation in industrial *** addition,the minorloops of thermal demagnetized magnets can independently represent the transition of grains from multi-domain to single-domain and the demagnetization of single-domain grains,which is equivalent to characterizing the internal interactions by recoil *** investigation of magnetization characteristics of MMP sintered magnets starting from different demagnetized states is helpful to further understand the internal interaction and magnetic hardening mechanism.

关键词： permanent magnet demagnetization history magnetization reversal misch-metal rare earth

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Regulation of crystal and microstructures of RETaO4 (RE = Nd, Sm, Gd, Ho, Er) powders synthesized via co-precipitation

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第6期43卷 1246-1255页

作者： Tian, Jiang Chen, Lin Chen, Xunlei Luo, Keren Li, Baihui Zhang, Di Wang, Meng Xu, Bing Ren, Zhiyi Yan, Shixiao Sun, Xiaoliang Liu, Chi Feng, Jing Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming650093 China Southwest United Graduate School Kunming650092 China Shanghai Electro-Mechanical Engineering Institute Shanghai201109 China Shanghai Spaceflight Precision Machinery Institute Shanghai201600 China

Ferroelastic rare earth tantalates (RETaO4) are widely researched as the next-generation thermal barrier coatings (TBCs), and RETaO4 powders are hugely significant for synthesizing their coatings. The current research used chemical co-precipitation within an automated experimental device to synthesize RETaO4 (RE = Nd, Sm, Gd, Ho, Er) powders. The device automatically monitored and controlled the solutions' pH, improving the chemical co-precipitation efficiency. The crystal structure and microstructure of the RETaO4 powders can be controlled by changing the annealing temperature, and the materials undergo an m'-m phase transition. The m'-RETaO4 powders exhibit nano-size grains, while m-RETaO4 powders evince micron-size grains, altered by the annealing temperatures. A simultaneous thermal analysis estimates the reversive ferroelastic tetragonal-monoclinic phase transition temperatures. Overall, this research focuses on the synthesis, crystal structures, microstructures, and phase transition of the fabricated RETaO4 powders. © 2025

关键词： Annealing

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Solid solution dependence of the deformation behavior in Mg-xZn(x=0,1,2 wt%)alloys:In-situ neutron diffraction and crystal plasticity modeling

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2025年第2期13卷 823-838页

作者： Huai Wang Soo Yeol Lee You Sub Kim Huamiao Wang Wanchuck Woo Ke An School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao 266520China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics School of Mechanics and Engineering ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai 200072China Neutron Science Division Korea Atomic Energy Research InstituteDaejeon 34057Republic of Korea Neutron Scattering Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak Ridge 37831United States

The effects of solid solution on the deformation behavior of binary Mg-xZn(x=0,1,2 wt%)alloys featuring a designated texture that enables extension twinning under tension parallel to the basal pole in most grains,were investigated using in-situ neutron diffraction and the EVPSC-TDT *** diffraction was used to quantitatively track grain-level lattice strains and diffraction intensity changes(related to mechanical twinning)in differently oriented grains of each alloy during cyclic tensile/compressive *** measurements were accurately captured by the *** stress-strain curves of Mg-1 wt%Zn and Mg-2 wt%Zn alloys show as-expected solid solution strengthening from the addition of Zn compared to pure *** macroscopic yielding and hardening behaviors are explained by alternating slip and twinning modes as calculated by the *** solid solution's influence on individual deformation modes,including basal〈a〉slip,prismatic〈a〉slip,and extension twinning,was then quantitatively assessed in terms of activity,yielding behavior,and hardening response by combining neutron diffraction results with crystal plasticity *** Mg-1 wt%Zn alloy displays distinct yielding and hardening behavior due to solid solution softening of prismatic〈a〉***,the dependence of extension twinning,in terms of the twinning volume fraction,on Zn content exhibits opposite trends under tensile and compressive loadings.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Deformation behavior Solid solution Crystal plasticity modeling Neutron diffraction

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WE43 Surface Composite with Oxide Particles by Friction Stir Processing

WE43 Surface Composite with Oxide Particles by Friction Stir...

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Magnesium Technology Symposium, 2025, held as part of the TMS Annual Meeting and Exhibition, TMS 2025

作者： Ghauri, Hamza Faisal Shunmugasamy, Vasanth C. Mansoor, Bilal Department of Materials Science and Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX77840 United States Mechanical Engineering Program Texas A&M University at Qatar Doha Qatar Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX77840 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783031810602

WE43WE43 has superior mechanical and corrosionCorrosion performance compared to other magnesium alloysMagnesium alloy but surface treatments, mechanical processes, and heat treatments to further enhance its properties continue to be explored. Here we present our preliminary findings about a WE43WE43surface compositeSurface composite with oxide particles produced using friction stir processingFriction stir processing. Significant grain refinement, precipitate redistribution, and increase in microhardness by 25% were achieved in processed regions compared to base material. CorrosionCorrosion testing in 0.9% NaCl solution revealed that the FSP-treated material exhibited a 196% lower Icorr and a more stable open circuit potential (OCP) than cast WE43WE43, suggesting superior corrosion resistanceCorrosion resistance. While the findings promise suitability of the processed alloy for a more intensive range of operating conditions than the cast alloy, further work to study the effect of the size, volume, and composition of the oxide reinforcements needs to be carried out. © The Minerals, Metals & materials Society 2025.

关键词： Grain refinement

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Enhanced exciton dissociation through scandium-decorated conjugated polymers for artificial photosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第4期103卷 714-722页

作者： Xingxing Chen Yongli Shen Fan Yang Shuang Yao Wen Zhang Baojuan Xi Xuguang An Shenglin Xiong Jinhua Ye Changhua An Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringTianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Porous MaterialsInstitute of New Energy Materials&Low-Carbon TechnologiesTianjin University of TechnologyTianjin 300384China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong UniversityJinan 250100ShandongChina School of Mechanical Engineering Chengdu UniversityChengdu 610106SichuanChina International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics(WPI-MANA) National Institute for Materials Science(NIMS)1-1 NamikiTsukubaIbaraki 305-0044Japan

Solar-driven hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))production offers a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to the traditional anthraquinone oxidation *** polymers(CPs)are emerging as promising photocatalysts for H_(2)O_(2)production due to their unique electronic,optical properties,and tunable ***,the high exciton binding energy of CPs hinders efficient exciton dissociation and charge separation,limiting their photocatalytic *** this work,we synthesized scandium(Sc)atoms decorated CPs with enhanced ordered stacking and crystallinity by introducing benzaldehyde as an end-capping *** strong interaction between charged Sc atoms and electrons facilitates exciton dissociation and improves charge transfer ***,the Lewis acidic nature of Sc atoms promotes oxygen adsorption and enhances the stabilization of superoxide anion intermediate(·O_(2)~-).As a result,the as-synthesized photocatalysts exhibit a high H_(2)O_(2)production rate of 18μmol h^(-1)in pure water,which is three times that of pristine CPs,This work provides valuable insights into the design of organic polymer photocatalysts for various photocatalytic reactions.

关键词： Photocatalysis H_(2)O_(2) Exciton dissociation Conjugated polymers

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Fatigue performance evaluation of high-strength railway axles subjected to different surface defects

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Alexandria engineering Journal 2025年 127卷 66-74页

作者： Zhao, Hai Han, Rui-Peng Gao, Jie-Wei Zhu, Shun-Peng Han, Jing Baowu Group Masteel Rail Transit Materials Technology Co. Ltd. Maanshan243000 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu610031 China School of Mechanical Engineering Xihua University Chengdu610039 China School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu611731 China

Defects are the root causes of fatigue failure of railway axles. The purpose of present paper is to evaluate the fatigue behavior of high-strength 30NiCrMoV12 railway axle subjected to different surface defects, including electric discharging machine (EDM) notch, quasi-static indentation and impact damage. Balls and cubes made of bearing steel were shot by a compressed-gas gun toward specimens to create impact damages. Rotate-bending fatigue tests were conducted and morphologies of defects and fracture surfaces were characterized to correlate degradation of fatigue strength with defect geometry. The results show that the indentation and impact damage by ball imposes little influence on the fatigue strength, while the EDM defect is significantly detrimental. The shape variety of impact damage generated by flying cubes led to a larger scatter in fatigue behavior. A conservative estimation could be obtained by regarding the impact damage as EDM defect with equivalent depth. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Fatigue damage

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Kinetic investigation of the energy storage process in graphene fiber supercapacitors:Unraveling mechanisms,fabrications,property manipulation,and wearable applications

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Carbon Energy 2025年第1期7卷 133-173页

作者： Juan Zhang Wenwen Liu Minzhi Du Qingli Xu Minren Hung Ruifang Xiang Meng Liao Xinhou Wang Bingjie Wang Aiping Yu Kun Zhang Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology(Donghua University) Ministry of EducationCollege of TextilesDonghua UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Chemical Engineering Waterloo Institute for NanotechnologyUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooONCanada Laboratory of Advanced Materials State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of PolymersDepartment of Macromolecular ScienceFudan University2205 Songhu RdShanghai 200438China College of Mechanical Engineering Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620China

Graphene fiber supercapacitors(GFSCs)have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional features,including high power density,rapid charge/discharge rates,prolonged cycling durability,and versatile weaving ***,inherent challenges in graphene fibers(GFs),particularly the restricted ion-accessible specific surface area(SSA)and sluggish ion transport kinetics,hinder the achievement of optimal capacitance and rate *** existing reviews on GFSCs,a notable gap exists in thoroughly exploring the kinetics governing the energy storage process in *** review aims to address this gap by thoroughly analyzing the energy storage mechanism,fabrication methodologies,property manipulation,and wearable applications of *** theoretical analysis of the energy storage process,specific parameters in advanced GF fabrication methodologies are carefully summarized,which can be used to modulate nano/micro-structures,thereby enhancing energy storage *** particular,enhanced ion storage is realized by creating more ion-accessible SSA and introducing extra-capacitive components,while accelerated ion transport is achieved by shortening the transport channel length and improving the accessibility of electrolyte *** on the established structure-property relationship,several critical strategies for constructing optimal surface and structure profiles of GF electrodes are *** on the exceptional flexibility and wearability of GFSCs,the review further underscores their potential as foundational elements for constructing multifunctional e-textiles using conventional textile *** conclusion,this review provides insights into current challenges and suggests potential research directions for GFSCs.

关键词： fiber-shaped supercapacitor graphene ion storage ion transport wearable application

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