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SSRN 2025年

作者： Cavin, John Omprakash, Pravan Couet, Adrien Mishra, Rohan Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science Washington University in St. Louis St. LouisMO United States Institute of Materials Science & Engineering Washington University in St. Louis St. LouisMO United States Department of Nuclear Engineering & Engineering Physics University of Wisconsin MadisonWI United States

Conventional visualization tools such as phase diagrams and convex hulls are ill-suited to visualize multiple principal element alloys (MPEAs) due to their large compositional space that cannot be easily projected onto two dimensions. Here, SymPlex plots are introduced to enable the visualization of various properties along special paths in high-dimensional phase spaces of MPEAs. These are polar heatmaps that plot properties along high-symmetry paths radiating from the parent equimolar MPEA to a set of chosen lower-order compositions. SymPlex plots capture the changes in the energy landscape along the special paths and help visualize the effect of addition or substitution of components on the alloy stability, which can be especially useful to assess processing pathways for additive manufacturing. Thus, SymPlex plots can help guide design of MPEAs by showing connections between compositions and their properties in the high-dimensional phase space with more information concentrated near the equimolar region. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Data visualization

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Defects inducing anomalous exciton kinetics in monolayer WS_(2)

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Nano Research 2022年第2期15卷 1616-1622页

作者： Zhe Li Yan Zeng Zhenwei Ou Tianzhu Zhang Rongguang Du Ke Wu Quanbing Guo Wei Jiang Yuhao Xu Tao Li Tai Min Ti Wang Hongxing Xu School of Physics and Technology Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnologyand Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro-and Nanostructures of Ministry of EducationWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Center for Spintronics and Quantum System State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringXian Jiaotong UniversityXian 710049China

Two-dimensional(2D)transition metal dichalcogenide(TMD)has emerged as an effective optoelectronics material due to its novel optical *** the role of defects in exciton kinetics is crucial for achieving high-efficiency TMD ***,we observe defects induced anomalous power dependence exciton dynamics and spatial distribution in hexagonal heterogeneous WS_(2).With transient absorption microscopy study,we illustrate that these phenomena originate from the competition between radiative and defect-related non-radiative *** understand the physics behind this,a decay model is introduced with two defect-related channels,which demonstrates that more excitons decay through non-radiative channels in the dark region than the bright *** work reveals the mechanisms of anomalous exciton kinetics by defects and is instrumental for understanding and exploiting excitonic states in emerging 2D semiconductors.

关键词： transition metal dichalcogenides defect exciton dynamics transient absorption microscopy

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MYTHS OF NUCLEAR GRAPHITE IN WORLD WAR II, WITH ORIGINAL TRANSLATIONS

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Park, Patrick J. Herzele, Sebastian Koeth, Timothy W. Program on Science and Global Security Princeton University United States College of Polymer Engineering HTL Bregenz Austria Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Maryland College Park United States

We re-examine a common narrative that experimental errors by Walther Bothe in 1941 led Germany to abandon graphite as a reactor moderator during World War II. Using document-based nuclear archaeology, we first show that both American and German scientists used an incorrect carbon scattering cross section, thereby undermining the accuracy of all wartime data, including their conclusions on carbon’s absorption. Moreover, we argue that the availability of exceptionally pure petroleum coke in the United States, rather than any academic breakthrough, decisively enabled their production of nuclear-grade graphite. In contrast, Bothe’s Siemens electrographite had more boron contamination than any graphites considered in Fermi’s experiments, rendering it genuinely impractical as a moderator. By reframing the decision to eschew graphite as a deliberate decision rather than a mere experimental oversight, we believe the German decision was a rational consequence of a complex interplay between material constraints and wartime priorities. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Bombing

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Novel Processing for Clean Ti-Ni Alloy by Recycling Titanium Scrap with Ca and Cacl2-Lif Fluxes

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Su, Yao Duan, Shengchao Lee, Min Joo Jun, Yeong Jin Park, Kwangsuk Kim, Jin-Kyung Park, Joo Hyun Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Hanyang University Ansan15588 Korea Republic of School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering North China University of Technology Beijing100144 China Gangneung25440 Korea Republic of

The present study investigates the possibility of the direct removal of oxygen from Ti-30Ni (wt%) melts through thermodynamic equilibrium reactions at 1723 K in a vertical tube furnace. The deoxidation efficiency of Ti-30Ni alloy melts achieved by adding different contents of metallic calcium (Ca) as a deoxidant was evaluated in conjunction with the use of binary halide flux of the CaCl2-LiF system. The thermodynamic equilibrium experiments showed that when 0.9 wt% Ca was added to the Ti-30Ni alloy, the total oxygen content in the alloy decreased from about 530 ppm to 400 ppm. The equilibrium constant of the deoxidation reaction and the interaction parameter between calcium and oxygen were determined for the Ti-30Ni alloy at 1723 K. Alternately, the effect of different flux compositions, i.e., the LiF/CaCl2 ratio in the CaCl2-LiF binary flux, on the oxygen content of the alloy was also investigated at 1723 K. According to the results, the 25%LiF–75%CaCl2 flux system showed good deoxidation capability, where the total oxygen content in the alloy was reduced from ca. 900 ppm to 670 ppm. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Binary alloys

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Corrosion Behaviors of Nitride Coatings on Titanium Alloy in NaCl-Induced Hot Corrosion

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2021年第10期34卷 1434-1446页

作者： Mingming Zhang Yipeng Feng Yahui Wang Yunsong Niu Li Xin Yongfeng Li Jianxiu Su Shenglong Zhu Fuhui Wang School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Henan Institute of Science and TechnologyXinxiang 453003China Corrosion and Protection Division Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials ScienceInstitute of Metal ResearchShenyang 110016China Corrosion and Protection Division Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials ScienceNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

TiN and TiAlN coatings were deposited by arc ion plating on titanium alloys to study their hot corrosion resistance when they were exposed to NaCl at 600℃.The microstructure and corrosion behaviors of nitride coatings were studied using scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffraction,electro-probe microanalyzer and X-ray photoelectron *** results showed that nitride coatings with the different compositions and the ones with the same composition but different thicknesses presented different hot corrosion *** and thin TiAlN coatings showed poor corrosion *** internal oxidation attacked the alloy *** corrosion products were mainly consisted of non-protective TiO2 and sodium *** contrast,the thick TiAlN coating presented outstanding corrosion *** sodium salt,the corrosion products were composed of protective Al_(2)O_(3).The increasing thickness of TiAlN significantly enhanced the hot corrosion *** corrosion mechanisms of alloy,TiN and TiAlN coatings were discussed in detail.

关键词： Titanium alloy Nitride Coating Hot corrosion resistance

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Sodium-rich NASICON-structured cathodes for boosting the energy density and lifespan of sodium-free-anode sodium metal batteries

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InfoMat 2022年第4期4卷 138-150页

作者： Junxiong Wu Cong Lin Qinghua Liang Guodong Zhou Jiapeng Liu Gemeng Liang Man Wang Baohua Li Liang Hu Francesco Ciucci Qiang Liu Guohua Chen Xiaoliang Yu Department of Mechanical Engineering Research Institute for Smart EnergyThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina College of Environmental Science and Engineering Fujian Normal UniversityFuzhouFujianChina Department of Chemical Engineering The University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina Institute for Superconducting&Electronic Materials University of WollongongWollongongNew South WalesAustralia Shenzhen Key Laboratory on Power Battery Safety and Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School(SIGS)ShenzhenChina

Rechargeable sodium metal batteries(SMBs)have emerged as promising alternatives to commercial Li-ion batteries because of the natural abundance and low cost of sodium ***,the overuse of metallic sodium in conventional SMBs limits their energy densities and leads to severe safety ***,we propose a sodium-free-anode SMB(SFA-SMB)configuration consisting of a sodium-rich Na superionic conductor-structured cathode and a bare Al/C current collector to address the above *** Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)in the form of Na_(5)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)was investigated as a cathode to provide a stable and controllable sodium source in the *** provides not only remarkable Coulombic efficiencies of Na plating/stripping cycles but also a highly reversible three-electron redox reaction within 1.0–3.8 V versus Na/Na+confirmed by structural/electrochemical ***,an ultrahigh energy density of 400 Wh kg^(-1)was achieved for the SFA-SMB with fast Na storage kinetics and impressive capacity retention of 93%after 130 cycles.A narrowed voltage window(3.0–3.8 V ***/Na+)further increased the lifespan to over 300 cycles with a high retained specific energy of 320 Wh kg^(-1).Therefore,the proposed SFA-SMB configuration opens a new avenue for fabricating next-generation batteries with high energy densities and long lifetimes.

关键词： high energy density long lifespan presodiation sodium-free-anode sodium metal batteries

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An MLP-CycleGAN-based data-driven model for soft dielectric elastomer actuators with minimal Sim2Real gap

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science China Technological sciences 2025年第7期68卷 1-12页

作者： Hu, Xiazhi Ji, Huangwei Feng, Xiongfei Wu, Jianing Luo, Kai Zhu, Xiangyang Chen, Feifei Robotics Institute School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Meta Robotics Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China

Model-guided design of dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) is essential for enabling their application in soft robotics. However, current modeling methods primarily rely on the finite element method (FEM), which suffers from low computational efficiency. Additionally, the simulation-to-reality (Sim2Real) gap, mainly arising from variations in material properties and manufacturing processes, poses a significant challenge. In this work, we propose a data-driven modeling framework aimed at accurately and rapidly predicting voltage-induced displacements while minimizing the Sim2Real gap. The framework integrates a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) model, which serves as a computationally efficient surrogate for the FEM model, and a cycle-generative adversarial network (CycleGAN) model, which mitigates the Sim2Real gap by leveraging adversarial learning to process both simulation and experimental data. Dimensional analysis is performed to extend the framework’s applicability across different DEA scales. The surrogate model delivers global predictions in just 0.8 s, achieving linear coefficients of determination (R2) of 0.99106 for release distance prediction and 0.99375 for actuation distance prediction compared to experimental results. Our model can quickly identify the feasible range of biaxial prestretch ratios required for generating the desired deformation, thereby streamlining the design process. Finally, a soft robotic gripper is designed and fabricated, demonstrating versatile object-grasping capabilities.

关键词： soft robotics dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) Sim2Real CycleGAN

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Mechanochemical Processing and Characterisation Studies of Si-Based Refractory Compounds Derived from Sugarcane Bagasse

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Advances in materials and Processing Technologies 2022年第sup2期8卷 392-401页

作者： Adediran, A.A. Olanrewaju, F.A. Adesina, O.S. Alaneme, K.K. Akinlabi, E.T. Mahamood, R.M. Department of Mechanical Engineering Landmark University Kwara Nigeria SDG 17 Research Group - Partnership to Achieve the Goals Landmark University Kwara Nigeria Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria Pan African University for Life and Earth Sciences Institute Ibadan Nigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering Science Auckland Park Johannesburg South Africa

The present study reports on the mechanochemical processing and characterisation studies of Si-based refractory compounds derived from sugarcane bagasse (SCB). SCB was preliminarily washed and sun-dried for 48 hr. 1 M HCl acid was used for the leaching of the SCB, before which carbothermal treatment was carried out in an enclosed, improvised crucible using a temperature sequence of 600–1000°C at a heating rate of 10°C/min. Fourier transmission infrared spectrometer (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) were used to characterise the reaction products. From the results obtained, the major functional groups indicated in the IR spectra are O-H, N-O, O-Si-O and Si-C. The carbothermal treatment showed the viability of producing an Si-based refractory compound (SBRC). There is a high population of SiC in the XRD pattern at 900°C, indicating that 700°C was not sufficient for the full transformation of the SiC phases. The results indicate the presence of unreacted carbon phase precipitates in the reaction product. © 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： carbothermal mechanochemical refractory SiC sugarcane bagasse

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Electrophoretic synthesis of zinc oxide films for optical applications

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Discover Electrochemistry 2025年第1期2卷 1-10页

作者： Nunes, Vanja Fontenele Lima, Pedro Henrique Pinheiro Mota, João Pedro Santana Freire, Francisco Nivaldo Aguiar Bezerra Sombra, Antônio Sérgio LOCEM Department of Physics Federal University of Ceará UFC Fortaleza Brazil LACAM Department of Engineering and Materials Science Federal University of Ceará UFC Fortaleza Brazil LAFFER Department of Mechanical Engineering Federal University of Ceará UFC Fortaleza Brazil

Semiconductors are widely researched materials for a broadly range of applications, such as piezoelectric, optical devices, for energy conversion, such as solar cells and UV detectors. The methodology to synthesize these semiconductors is a great part of the contributing costs for these devices. Electrophoresis is a methodology with cost and efficiency balance. The zinc oxide is a potential semiconductor that can be synthesized by electrophoresis. This study used zinc oxide, testing different voltages, between 5 and 20 V, to observe the structural and optical qualities of the electrophoretic deposited films. The x-ray obtained films with great crystallinity films, with crystallite size ranging from 21 to 26 nm, and formation of hexagonal zinc oxide peaks (100); (002) and (101). Absorbance in the UV around 350 nm; and peak transmittance around 45%, with high reflectance in the visible range, close to 90%. The increase in voltage from 5 to 20 V affected the band gap values, reducing from 3.9 to 3.14 eV, which favors the optical application of the films.

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The mechanism of dentine hypersensitivity:Stimuli-induced directional cation transport through dentinal tubules

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Nano Research 2023年第1期16卷 991-998页

作者： Nuo Chen Jingjing Deng Shengjie Jiang Xiang-Yu Kong Teng Zhou Kai Zhao Zuohui Xiao Huimin Zheng Weipeng Chen Congcong Zhu Xinyu Liu Liping Wen Yan Wei Xuliang Deng Lei Jiang Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials Department of Geriatric DentistryPeking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBeijing 100081China Central Laboratory Peking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBeijing 100081China CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Mechanical and Electrical Engineering College Hainan UniversityHainan 570228China School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Dentine hypersensitivity is an annoying worldwide disease,yet its mechanism remains *** long-used hydrodynamic theory,a stimuli-induced fluid-flow process,describes the pain ***,no experimental evidence supports the ***,we demonstrate that stimuli-induced directional cation transport,rather than fluid-flow,through dentinal tubules actually leads to dentine *** in vitro/in vivo electro-chemical and electro-neurophysiological approaches reveal the cation current through the nanoconfined negatively charged dentinal tubules coming from external stimuli(pressure,pH,and temperature)on dentin surface and further triggering the nerve impulses causing the dentine ***,the cationic-hydrogels blocked dentinal tubules could significantly reduce the stimuli-triggered nerve action potentials and the anionhydrogels counterpart enhances those,supporting the cation-flow transducing dentine ***,the inspired ion-blocking desensitizing therapies have achieved remarkable pain relief in clinical *** proposed mechanism would enrich the basic knowledge of dentistry and further foster breakthrough initiatives in hypersensitivity mitigation and cure.

关键词： dentine hypersensitivity cation transport dentinal tubules Ionic-current-rectification

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