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IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft)

作者： Sophia Eristoff Lily Behnke Lina Sanchez-Botero Sree Kalyan Patiballa Rebecca Kramer-Bottiglio Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science Yale University New Haven CT USA Department of Radiology Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Alabama Tuscaloosa AL USA

Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) are a promising class of responsive materials for shape-morphable structures due to their large deformation, tunable properties, and low power consumption. It is well-known that by laminating a contracting LCE with an inert but flexible material layer, bending actuation can be achieved. We report a method to fabricate thermoresponsive LCE and fabric bilayer actuators and characterize their utility as bending actuators. We find that the use of different strain-limiting fabrics yields varying actuation outputs and curvatures, which we discover to be reliant on the interfacial adhesion of the bilayer, rather than the stiffness of the strain-limiting layer. We demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed LCE-fabric bending actuator in a soft robotic gripper. The findings herein can be applied to the design of LCE and fabric bilayer structure patterns to realize complex and programmable out-of-plane morphing.

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Additively manufactured metallic biomaterials

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Bioactive materials 2022年第9期7卷 214-249页

作者： Elham Davoodi Hossein Montazerian Anooshe Sadat Mirhakimi Masoud Zhianmanesh Osezua Ibhadode Shahriar Imani Shahabad Reza Esmaeilizadeh Einollah Sarikhani Sahar Toorandaz Shima ASarabi Rohollah Nasiri Yangzhi Zhu Javad Kadkhodapour Bingbing Li Ali Khademhosseini Ehsan Toyserkan Multi-Scale Additive Manufacturing(MSAM)Laboratory Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering DepartmentUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada Department of Bioengineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia 90095United States California NanoSystems Institute(CNSI) University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia 90095United States Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation Los AngelesCalifornia 90024United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Isfahan University of TechnologyIsfahanIsfahan 84156-83111Iran School of Biomedical Engineering University of SydneySydneyNew South Wales 2006Australia Department of Nanoengineering Jacobs School of EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoCalifornia 92093United States Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCalifornia 90095United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training UniversityTehranTehran 16785-163Iran Institute for Materials Testing Materials Science and Strength of MaterialsUniversity of StuttgartStuttgart 70569Germany Department of Manufacturing Systems Engineering and Management California State UniversityNorthridgeCalifornia 91330United States

Metal additive manufacturing(AM)has led to an evolution in the design and fabrication of hard tissue substitutes,enabling personalized implants to address each patient’s specific *** addition,internal pore architectures integrated within additively manufactured scaffolds,have provided an opportunity to further develop and engineer functional implants for better tissue integration,and long-term *** this review,the latest advances in different aspects of the design and manufacturing of additively manufactured metallic biomaterials are *** introducing metal AM processes,biocompatible metals adapted for integration with AM machines are ***,we elaborate on the tools and approaches undertaken for the design of porous scaffold with engineered internal architecture including,topology optimization techniques,as well as unit cell patterns based on lattice networks,and triply periodic minimal ***,the new possibilities brought by the functionally gradient porous structures to meet the conflicting scaffold design requirements are thoroughly ***,the design constraints and physical characteristics of the additively manufactured constructs are reviewed in terms of input parameters such as design features and AM processing *** assess the proposed applications of additively manufactured implants for regeneration of different tissue types and the efforts made towards their clinical ***,we conclude the review with the emerging directions and perspectives for further development of AM in the medical industry.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Metal implant Porous scaffold Tissue engineering Biomaterials

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Autonomous Task Planning for Heterogeneous Multi-Agent Systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Tziola, Anatoli A. Loizou, Savvas G. The Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Cyprus University of Technology Limassol Cyprus

This paper presents a solution to the automatic task planning problem for multi-agent systems. A formal framework is developed based on the Nondeterministic Finite Automata with Ε-transitions, where given the capabilities, constraints and failure modes of the agents involved, an initial state of the system and a task specification, an optimal solution is generated that satisfies the system constraints and the task specification. The resulting solution is guaranteed to be complete and optimal;moreover a heuristic solution that offers significant reduction of the computational requirements while relaxing the completeness and optimality requirements is proposed. The constructed system model is independent from the initial condition and the task specification, alleviating the need to repeat the costly pre-processing cycle for solving other scenarios, while allowing the incorporation of failure modes on-the-fly. Two case studies are provided: a simple one to showcase the concepts of the proposed methodology and a more elaborate one to demonstrate the effectiveness and validity of the methodology. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optimization

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Shedding new light on the dislocation-mediated plasticity in wurtzite ZnO single crystals by photoindentation

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Journal of materials science & Technology 2023年第25期156卷 206-216页

作者： Yan Li Xufei Fang Eita Tochigi Yu Oshima Sena Hoshino Takazumi Tanaka Hiroto Oguri Shigenobu Ogata Yuichi Ikuhara Katsuyuki Matsunaga Atsutomo Nakamura Department of Mechanical Science and Bioengineering Osaka University1-3 Machikaneyama-choToyonaka 560-8531Japan Department of Materials and Earth Sciences Technical University of Darmstadt64287 DarmstadtGermany Institute of Industrial Science The University of Tokyo4-6-1 KomabaMeguro-kuTokyo 153-8505Japan PRESTO Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)4-1-8HonchoKawaguchi-shiSaitama 332-0012Japan Department of Materials Physics Nagoya UniversityFuro-choChikusa-kuNagoya 464-8603Japan Institute of Engineering Innovation The University of Tokyo2-11-16 YayoiBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8656Japan

Dislocation-mediated plasticity in inorganic semiconductors and oxides has attracted increasing research interest because of the promising mechanical and functional properties tuned by *** this study,we investigated the effects of light illumination on the dislocation-mediated plasticity in hexagonal wurtzite ZnO,a representative third-generation semiconductor material.A(0001)45o off sample was specially designed to preferentially activate the basal slip on(0001)*** types of nanoindentation tests were performed under four different light conditions(550 nm,334 nm,405 nm,and darkness),including low-load(60μN)pop-in tests,high-load(500μN)nanoindentation tests,and nanoindentation creep *** maximum shear stresses at pop-in were found to approximate the theoretical shear strength regardless of the light *** activation volume at pop-ins was calculated to be larger in light than in ***-sectional transmission electron microscope images taken from beneath the indentation imprints showed that all indentation-induced dislocations were located beneath the indentation imprint in a thin-plate shape along one basal slip *** indentation-induced dislocations could spread much deeper in darkness than in light,revealing the suppressive effect of light on dislocation *** analytical model was adopted to estimate the elastoplastic stress field beneath the *** was found that dislocation glide ceased at a higher stress level in light,indicating the increase in the Peierls barrier under light ***,nanoindentation creep tests showed the suppression of both indentation depth and creep rate by *** creep also yielded a larger activation volume in light than in darkness.

关键词： Photoindentation Compound semiconductors Oxides Crystal plasticity Dislocations

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Phonon anharmonicity and thermal conductivity of two-dimensional van der Waals materials: A review

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2022年第11期65卷 36-45页

作者： Xuefei Yan Bowen Wang Yulong Hai Devesh RKripalani Qingqing Ke Yongqing Cai Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education Institute of Applied Physics and Materials EngineeringUniversity of MacaoMacao 999078China School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore School of Microelectronics Science and Technology Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing Chips and Systems Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China

Two-dimensional(2D) van der Waals(vdW) materials have extraordinary thermal properties due to the effect of quantum confinement, making them promising for thermoelectric energy conversion and thermal management in microelectronic *** this review, the mechanism of phonon anharmonicity originating from three-and four-phonon interactions is derived. The phonon anharmonicity of 2D vdW materials, involving the Grüneisen parameter, phonon lifetime, and thermal conductivity, is summarized and derived in detail. The size-dependent thermal conductivity of representative 2D vdW materials is discussed experimentally and theoretically. This review will present fundamental and advanced knowledge on how to evaluate the phonon anharmonicity in 2D vdW materials, which will aid the design of new structures and materials for applications related to energy transfer and conversion.

关键词： van der Waals materials two-dimensional phonon anharmonicity thermal conductivity

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Fabrication and development of mechanical metamaterials via additive manufacturing for biomedical applications:a review

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2025年第1期7卷 1-44页

作者： Junsheng Chen Jibing Chen Hongze Wang Liang He Boyang Huang Sasan Dadbakhsh Paulo Bartolo School of Mechanical Engineering Wuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhan 420023People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science&Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China School of Mechanical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065People’s Republic of China Med+X Center for Manufacturing West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041People’s Republic of China Singapore Centre for 3D Printing Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Department of Production Engineering KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm 11428Sweden

In this review,we propose a comprehensive overview of additive manufacturing(AM)technologies and design possibilities in manufacturing metamaterials for various applications in the biomedical field,of which many are inspired by nature *** describes how new AM technologies(*** liquid interface production and multiphoton polymerization,etc)and recent developments in more mature AM technologies(*** bed fusion,stereolithography,and extrusion-based bioprinting(EBB),etc)lead to more precise,efficient,and personalized biomedical *** is a revolutionary topic creating intricate models with remarkable mechanical compatibility of metamaterials,for instance,stress elimination for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine,negative or zero Poisson’s *** exploiting the designs of porous structures(***,triply periodic minimal surface,plant/animal-inspired,and functionally graded lattices,etc),AM-made bioactive bone implants,artificial tissues,and organs are made for tissue *** material palette of the AM metamaterials has high diversity nowadays,ranging from alloys and metals(***-chromium alloys and titanium,etc)to polymers(*** polycaprolactone and polymethyl methacrylate,etc),which could be even integrated within bioactive *** advancements are driving the progress of the biomedical field,improving human health and quality of life.

关键词： biomedical application additive manufacturing mechanical metamaterials biomimetic materials

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Numerical Study of Oil Jet Cooling in Electric Traction Motors with Hairpin Windings

Numerical Study of Oil Jet Cooling in Electric Traction Moto...

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IEEE Workshop on Electrical Machines Design, Control and Diagnosis (WEMDCD)

作者： Waruna Maddumage Alasdair Cairns Amin Paykani School of Physics Engineering and Computer Science University of Hertfordshire Hatfield UK Department of Mechanical Materials and Manufacturing Engineering University of Nottingham Nottingham UK

Hairpin winding technology, combined with direct oil jet impingement cooling, is a viable solution known to increase volumetric power density and efficiency in the next generation of traction motors. However, the coolant fluid interaction with the complex winding geometry has not yet been fully examined; specifically, with the use of high-fidelity CFD simulations. Thus, the present work investigates the radial and axial oil impinging jets in a hairpin winding motor using multi-phase simulation. The study first analyses power losses and temperature distribution of the motor under the Worldwide Harmonised Light Vehicle Test Procedure (WLTP). Next, the performance of axial and radial jet impingement is numerically analysed by considering the fluid flow. Finally, the two configurations are compared in terms of their oil film formation rate. The results indicate that the maximum power losses observed in typical driving conditions are considerably lower than the maximum losses predicted for the complete operational region of the motor. Moreover, the axial impinging jet shows a higher oil film formation rate compared to a radial jet impingement configuration within the examined conditions.

关键词： Fluids Oils Windings Stator windings Fluid flow Conductivity Traction motors

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Tribological Behavior of Directed Energy-Deposited 316l Stainless Steel and its Ceramic Reinforced Composite Under Dry Sliding Conditions

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Kumar, Sourav Chandra, Shubham Ramamurty, Upadrasta Prasad, Korimilli Eswara Department of Metallurgical Engineering and Materials Science IIT Indore453552 India Singapore Centre for 3D Printing School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore639798 Singapore School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore639798 Singapore Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Agency for Science Technology and Research 138634 Singapore

Dry sliding wear behavior of directed energy deposited (DED) 316L stainless steel and its TiB2-ceramic reinforced composite (CRC) is investigated using a pin-on-disc tribometer and compared it against wrought 316L alloy. The experimental results show that DED 316L exhibits the lowest wear rate among the three samples, followed by DED 316L+TiB2 composite and then the wrought 316L alloys. The morphologies of the worn-out surfaces indicate severe wear in wrought 316L samples while mild wear in the case of DED 316L. A thorough examination of the subsurface deformation zones using scanning electron microscope and electron-back scattered diffraction clearly highlights the differences in the microstructure evolution in subsurface deformation zones. Further, the nanoindentation experiments in the subsurface deformation zones reveal softening in the deformed layers of wrought 316L and DED 316L+TiB2 samples. The cellular sub-grain morphology inherent to the DED 316L samples is found to beneficial for wear resistance as opposed to the TiB2 enriched cell boundaries of the DED 316L+TiB2 composite. The results are discussed with reference to the microstructure, texture and prevalent wear mechanisms among the samples. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Austenitic stainless steel

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Faster Algorithms for a Lexicographic Bi-Criteria Line Balancing Problem with Totally Ordered Precedence Constraints

Faster Algorithms for a Lexicographic Bi-Criteria Line Balan...

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International Symposium on Soft Computing and Intelligent Systems (SCIS)

作者： Shinji Imahori Yoshiyuki Karuno Yuma Ueda Faculty of Science and Engineering Chuo University Tokyo Japan Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Kyoto Institute of Technology Kyoto Japan Mechanodesign Program Graduate School of Science and Technology Kyoto Institute of Technology Kyoto Japan

ISBN: (数字)9798350373332

ISBN: (纸本)9798350373349

The line balancing has been an important production strategy which aims at redressing the balance of workloads on machines in an assembly type of production system. In this paper, a lexicographic bi-criteria optimization model of the line balancing is revisited for a mass-production of one homogeneous product. A sequence of machines and a totally ordered set of tasks are given. The machines are considered to be situated along with a production line, according to their sequence. Precedence relations between tasks are specified by the total order of tasks. The task set also consists of a given number of disjoint subsets, namely categories such that tasks in a category are considered to constitute a certain kind of family of technical skills. Each task has a positive processing time and a category index. A solution to the problem is expressed by an assignment of tasks to machines, and for the feasibility of a solution, the assignment must obey the totally ordered precedence constraint on tasks. The sum of processing times of tasks assigned to a machine in a feasible solution is the load of the machine, and the number of category indexes of tasks assigned to a machine is referred to as the degree of diverseness of the task subset. The primary objective of the problem is to minimize the maximum machine load, and the second objective is to minimize the maximum degree of diverseness of tasks assigned to a machine. The lexicographic bi-criteria line balancing problem with totally ordered precedence constraints has been known to admit a polynomial time exact algorithm, whose time complexity is linear in the number of machines and squared in the number of tasks. In this paper, a faster polynomial time exact algorithm is proposed, which improves the time complexity to be squared in the number of tasks.

关键词： Production systems Heuristic algorithms Optimization models Polynomials Partitioning algorithms Complexity theory Indexes Time complexity Assembly Sorting

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Method for the extraction of circulating nucleic acids based on MOF reveals cell-free RNA signatures in liver cancer

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National science Review 2024年第1期11卷 94-106页

作者： Yuqing Sun Haixin Yu Shaoqing Han Ruoxi Ran Ying Yang Yongling Tang Yuhao Wang Wenhao Zhang Heng Tang Boqiao Fu Boshi Fu Xiaocheng Weng Song-Mei Liu Hexiang Deng Shuang Peng Xiang Zhou College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers-Ministry of Education Wuhan University Department of Digestive Surgical Oncology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Cancer Center Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Department of Clinical Laboratory Center for Gene Diagnosis and Program of Clinical Laboratory Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University College of Chemistry and Materials Science Hubei Engineering University Department of Pharmacology School of Pharmacy China Medical University Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences Wuhan University Department of Hematology Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University

Cell-free RNA(cf RNA) allows assessment of health, status, and phenotype of a variety of human organs and is a potential biomarker to non-invasively diagnose numerous diseases. Nevertheless, there is a lack of highly efficient and bias-free cf RNA isolation technologies due to the low abundance and instability of cf ***, we developed a reproducible and high-efficiency isolation technology for different types of cell-free nucleic acids(containing cf RNA and viral RNA) in serum/plasma based on the inclusion of nucleic acids by metal-organic framework(MOF) materials, which greatly improved the isolation efficiency and was able to preserve RNA integrity compared with the most widely used research kit method. Importantly, the quality of cf RNA extracted by the MOF method is about 10-fold that of the kit method, and the MOF method isolates more than three times as many different RNA types as the kit method. The whole transcriptome mapping characteristics of cf RNA in serum from patients with liver cancer was described and a cf RNA signature with six cf RNAs was identified to diagnose liver cancer with high diagnostic efficiency(area under curve = 0.905 in the independent validation cohort) using this MOF method. Thus, this new MOF isolation technique will advance the field of liquid biopsy, with the potential to diagnose liver cancer.

关键词： MOF circulating cell-free RNA biomarker liver cancer diagnosis

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