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Enhancing Co2 Methanation Via Synergistic Multi-Valence Pd0−Pdδ+ Interactions on Tio2

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Wu, Yawei Kao, Jui-Cheng Lo, Yu-Chieh Li, Haolin Hu, Alice Chou, Jyh-Pin Chen, Tsan-Yao Department of Engineering and System Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong Kong 999077 Hong Kong Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou310018 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong 999077 Hong Kong Department of Physics National Changhua University of Education Changhua50007 Taiwan

Converting CO2 waste into valuable chemicals through hydrogenation is promising for reducing atmospheric CO2 and promoting sustainable carbon recycling. Supported Pd catalysts are commonly studied for CO2 methanation, yet the pivotal role of interfacial Pd species remains unclear due to ambiguous experimental results, impeding further catalyst enhancements. This study uses theoretical calculations to explore how interfacial Pd sites influence catalytic performance in Pd-PdOx@TiO2 catalysts during CO2 methanation. Our findings show that H2 preferentially dissociates at Pd0 sites, while Pdδ+ sites primarily activate CO2. Adjusting the Pd0/Pdδ+ ratios optimizes the electronic properties of these sites, enhancing CO2 activation efficiency. The designed Pd21-Pd8O9@TiO2 nanocatalyst with adjusted electronic states significantly promotes electron transfer to CO2, favoring CH4 formation by stabilizing the *CH3 intermediate and reducing the activation barrier for its conversion to *CH4. These insights advance understanding of interface engineering in metal-support systems for CO2 hydrogenation. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon dioxide

Detection of toxic chemicals in hand sanitizers using near-infrared spectroscopy

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Detection of toxic chemicals in hand sanitizers using near-i...

Applied Industrial Spectroscopy, AIS 2021 - Part of Optical Sensors and Sensing Congress 2021

作者： Chowdhury, Aminur Rashid Burney, Umar Hutter, Dan Lee, Tse-Ang Hutter, Tanya Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Texas at Austin AustinTX United States Materials Science and Engineering Program Texas Materials Institute University of Texas at Austin AustinTX United States University of Texas at Austin AustinTX United States

Many alcohol-based hand sanitizer products contain toxic ethanol substitutes. In this work, we demonstrate the application of near-infrared spectroscopy for the detection of methanol and 1-propanol in hand sanitizer u... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557528209

关键词： Infrared devices

Monitoring Atmospheric Corrosion Under Multi-Droplet Conditions by Electrical Resistance Sensor Measurement

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zhang, Keer Rahimi, Ehsan Van den Steen, Nils Terryn, Herman A. Mol, Arjan Gonzalez-Garcia, Yaiza Department of Materials Science and Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Delft University of Technology Mekelweg 2 Delft2628 CD Netherlands Research Group Electrochemical and Surface Engineering Vrije Universiteit Brussel Pleinlaan 2 Brussels1050 Belgium

This paper introduces a new method to study the atmospheric corrosion kinetics of carbon steel under multi-droplet conditions. A specially built climate chamber is used to control environmental conditions. Carbon steel corrosion kinetics are monitored with Electrical Resistance sensors. Meanwhile, top-view droplet temporal evolution is recorded by microscopic imaging and analyzed for both droplet size distribution and contact angles, where the effects of drying, NaCl concentration, and surface roughness on corrosion rates are noted. The findings reveal a significant correlation between corrosion rate, relative humidity, and droplet-based electrolyte conditions, providing crucial data for developing models to predict atmospheric corrosion. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Drops

Synergistic Effect of Fe/Co-Doping and Electric Field in Niobium Diboride for Boosting Hydrogen Production

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Khossossi, Nabil Banerjee, Amitava Dey, Poulumi Department of Materials Science and Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Maritime and Materials Engineering Delft University of Technology Mekelweg 2 Delft2628 CD Netherlands Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Rajasthan Jodhpur342030 India Uppsala University Sweden

A primary concern towards achieving a robust and sustainable water-splitting strategy consists in the development and designing of non-precious hydrogen evolution electrocatalysts capable of operating at relatively high current densities. In the present density functional theory (DFT) based study, we explored and identified α-NbB2-based catalysts which consisting Borophene as graphene-like noble metal-free networks in Niobium-metal based networks, as promising catalysts for the hydrogen-evolution reaction (HER). Our results unveiled that Fe/Co covalent doping in α-NbB2 {001} surface provides high-efficiency HER activity sites, namely, T Nb -sites in Nb-terminated Fe/Co-NbB2 {001} surface with the lowest ∆G H ∗ Gibbs free energy value of about 0.264/0.278 eV, which drops to a very optimal value in the range of ∆G H ∗ ≤ ± 0.10 eV upon the implementation of an external electric field. Furthermore, it was also revealed that in contrast to the extensively used Pt-based surface catalysts, both α-NbB2 and Fe/Co-NbB2 catalysts can sustain consistently high catalytic activity for HER over a very large hydrogen coverage and thus ensure a large density of effective catalytic free sites. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Catalyst activity

Synthesis and characterization of bio-lubricant from Citrullus colocynthis L. (Bitter Apple) seed oil: A two-step transesterification approach

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Industrial Crops and Products 2025年 231卷

作者： Teshome, Ababu Girma Tumsa, Zelalem Tesfaye, Melaku Satheesh, Neela College of Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical Engineering Mattu University Mattu Ethiopia Department of Chemical Engineering School of Chemical Mechanical and Materials Engineering Adama Science and Technology University Adama Ethiopia Faculty of Chemical and Food Engineering Bahir Dar Institute of Technology Bahir Dar University Bahir Dar Ethiopia Department of Food Science and Technology School of Health Science Faculty of science Amity University Punjab Mohali India

The growing demand for sustainable and biodegradable lubricants has intensified research on bio-lubricants derived from renewable feedstocks. Citrullus colocynthis L. seed oil, an underutilized, and non-edible source, holds significant potential for industrial applications due to its high oil yield, and favorable fatty acid composition. This study aimed to synthesize ethyl glycol methyl ester-based bio-lubricants using Citrullus colocynthis L. seed oil and to evaluate the influence of key reaction parameters, including catalyst concentration (0.5 %, 1 % and 2 % w/w), reaction temperature (160°C, 170°C and 180°C), and molar ratio of ethyl glycol to Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAMEs) (1:1, 2:1 and 3:1). The synthesized bio-lubricants were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The obtained bio-lubricant exhibited a density of 0.947 g/cm³, a surface roughness of 1.49 μm, and viscosities of 408.45 cSt and 66.62 cSt at 40°C and 100°C, respectively. Additionally, it demonstrated a viscosity index of 239 and a flash point of 272°C. These findings indicate that Citrullus colocynthis L. seed oil is a promising raw material for bio-lubricant production, offering desirable physicochemical properties and high surface roughness. The results suggest that Citrullus colocynthis L. bio-lubricants can serve as a viable, eco-friendly and sustainable alternative to conventional petroleum-based lubricants, making them suitable for industrial applications. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Thermogravimetric analysis

Laser Thinning of Violet Phosphorus and Quantitative Characterization of its Thickness

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Ye, Xiaohui Wei, Miaomiao Yang, Zhiyuan Li, Yurong Zheng, Xi Chen, Mengzhen Huang, Shubin He, Yi Liang, Jiachuan Gu, Mengyue Guo, Liang Zhang, Jinying School of Material Science and Engineering Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials Shaanxi University of Science and Technology Xi’an710021 China School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen518055 China Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

Layered materials have attracted tremendous attentions from researchers owing to their unique properties, especially violet phosphorus (VP), which is the most stable phosphorus allotrope. The bandgap of VP strongly depends on their layer number. It is significant to control the layer number and characterize them quantificationally. This paper employed 515 nm femtosecond (fs) laser for high-precisive thinning of VP in solid state. The VP nanosheets were exfoliated from 500 nm to 80 nm at a span of dozens of nanometers. The mechanism of VP exfoliation was the interaction of laser and VP. The laser decreased the interlayer Van der Waals force and increases the lattice vibration, leading to the decomposition of VP. Various approaches were conducted to characterize the thickness of VP quantitatively and qualitatively. The strict correspondence was established between RGB in optical images and layer number of VP, which can easily obtain the thickness information. This work provides a novel thought to exfoliate the VP in solid state on demand and expands the applications of VP with different layer number. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Phosphorus

Active Learning for Level Set Estimation Using Randomized Straddle Algorithms

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arXiv

arXiv 2024年

作者： Inatsu, Yu Takeno, Shion Kutsukake, Kentaro Takeuchi, Ichiro Department of Computer Science Nagoya Institute of Technology Japan Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Japan RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project Japan Institute of Materials and Systems for Sustainability Nagoya University Japan Department of Materials Process Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Japan

Level set estimation (LSE), the problem of identifying the set of input points where a function takes value above (or below) a given threshold, is important in practical applications. When the function is expensive-to-evaluate and black-box, the straddle algorithm, which is a representative heuristic for LSE based on Gaussian process models, and its extensions having theoretical guarantees have been developed. However, many of existing methods include a confidence parameter βt1/2 that must be specified by the user, and methods that choose βt1/2 heuristically do not provide theoretical guarantees. In contrast, theoretically guaranteed values of βt1/2 need to be increased depending on the number of iterations and candidate points, and are conservative and not good for practical performance. In this study, we propose a novel method, the randomized straddle algorithm, in which βt in the straddle algorithm is replaced by a random sample from the chi-squared distribution with two degrees of freedom. The confidence parameter in the proposed method has the advantages of not needing adjustment, not depending on the number of iterations and candidate points, and not being conservative. Furthermore, we show that the proposed method has theoretical guarantees that depend on the sample complexity and the number of iterations. Finally, we confirm the usefulness of the proposed method through numerical experiments using synthetic and real data. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Active learning

Review Integration of smartphone technology and artificial intelligence for advanced ophthalmic care:A systematic review

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Advances in Ophthalmology Practice and Research 2024年第3期4卷 120-127页

作者： Kai Jin Yingyu Li Hongkang Wu Yih Chung Tham Victor Koh Yitian Zhao Ryo Kawasaki Andrzej Grzybowski Juan Ye Eye Center The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of OphthalmologyZhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye DiseasesZhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye DiseasesHangzhouChina Centre for Innovation and Precision Eye Health National University of SingaporeSingapore Department of Ophthalmology National University of SingaporeSingapore Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore National Eye CentreSingapore Ophthalmology and Visual Science Academic Clinical Program Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingapore Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingboChina Ningbo Eye Hospital NingboChina Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperative Base of Biomedical Materials and Technology Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingboChina Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingboChina Division of Public Health Department of Social MedicineGraduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversityOsakaJapan Artificial Intelligence Center for Medical Research and Application Osaka University HospitalOsakaJapan Institute for Research in Ophthalmology Foundation for Ophthalmology DevelopmentPoznanPoland

Background:The convergence of smartphone technology and artificial intelligence(AI)has revolutionized the landscape of ophthalmic care,offering unprecedented opportunities for diagnosis,monitoring,and management of ocular ***,there is a lack of systematic studies on discussing the integration of smart-phone and AI in this *** text:This review includes 52 studies,and explores the integration of smartphones and AI in ophthalmology,delineating its collective impact on screening methodologies,disease detection,telemedicine initiatives,and patient *** collective findings from the curated studies indicate promising performance of the smartphone-based AI screening for various ocular diseases which encompass major retinal diseases,glaucoma,cataract,visual impairment in children and ocular surface ***,the utilization of smartphone-based imaging modalities,coupled with AI algorithms,is able to provide timely,efficient and cost-effective screening for ocular *** modality can also facilitate patient self-monitoring,remote patient monitoring and enhancing accessibility to eye care services,particularly in underserved *** involving data pri-vacy,algorithm validation,regulatory frameworks and issues of trust are still need to be ***,evaluation on real-world implementation is imperative as well,and real-world prospective studies are currently ***:Smartphone ocular imaging merged with AI enables earlier,precise diagnoses,personalized treat-ments,and enhanced service accessibility in eye *** is crucial to navigate ethical and data security challenges while responsibly leveraging these innovations,promising a potential revolution in care access and global eye health equity.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Smartphone imaging Ophthalmology Telemedicine Ocular disease management

Increased light-emission efficiency in disordered (In,Ga)N through the correlated reduction of recombination rates

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Physical Review Applied 2023年第6期20卷 064049-064049页

作者： Nick Pant Emmanouil Kioupakis Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA

Experiments have shown that the light-emission efficiency of indium gallium nitride [(In,Ga)N] light-emitting diodes improves with increasing indium concentration. It is widely thought that compositional fluctuations due to indium incorporation suppress diffusion of carriers to nonradiative centers, thus leading to defect-insensitive emission. However, recent experiments have challenged this hypothesis by revealing unexpectedly long diffusion lengths at room temperature. Here, we demonstrate an alternative mechanism involving the correlated reduction in radiative and nonradiative recombination rates that explains the increase in light-emission efficiency of (In,Ga)N with increasing indium concentration, without invoking the suppression of carrier diffusion. Our analysis challenges the notion that carrier localization gives rise to defect tolerance in (In,Ga)N.

关键词： Carrier generation & recombination Optoelectronics Weak localization Disordered alloys III-V semiconductors LEDs Density functional calculations Schroedinger equation