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Reinforcing effect and toughening mechanism of gradient nanostructured Ti during tensile deformation

Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2025年 1032卷

作者： Li, Wenqiang Chang, Zhidong Chen, Jun Department of Plasticity Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200030 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacture for Thin-walled Structures School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200030 China

Gradient nanostructured Ti (GNS Ti) is fabricated by manufacturing a commercial-purity Ti sheet into a formed part with the shape of square cavity by means of double sheet-assisted incremental sheet forming (DS-ISF) method at ambient temperature. The gradient microstructures before and after tensile deformation as well as the mechanical properties of GNS Ti are investigated in detail. Experimental results show that GNS Ti composed of a reinforcing layer and an equivalent coarse-grained (CG) layer exhibits a gradient hardening, notable strength and toughness, as well as pronounced work hardening, and that its fracture morphology presents a mixture of ductile dimples and shear bands. The enhanced strength and toughness are attributed to the reinforcing layer's ability to increase resistance to catastrophic failure during tensile deformation. The reinforcing effect and toughening mechanism of GNS Ti during tensile deformation are explored in terms of the crack-stopping effect of NG/UFG interface within the reinforcing layer. A fracture mechanics model is established to analyze the crack-stopping effect of the reinforcing layer. Additionally, the work hardening of GNS Ti is quantitatively analyzed according to the Voce's law, in which the work hardening of the whole GNS Ti is determined by the reinforcing layer at below a true strain of 1.9 %. © 2025

关键词： Hardening

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Photodriven Self-Excited Hydrogel Oscillators

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Physical Review Applied 2022年第1期17卷 014007-014007页

作者： Chen Xuan Yu Zhou Yusen Zhao Ximin He Lihua Jin Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California Los Angeles 90095 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Los Angeles 90095 USA

Stimuli-responsive materials are designed for self-sustained soft robots. Using a photothermally responsive hydrogel cantilever as a model system, this paper investigates the mechanism and energy flow in self-excited oscillation under a constant light source. Based on an analytical model, we show that a periodic photomoment, produced by nonuniform water concentration across the cantilever’s thickness driven by diffusion, is imposed on the cantilever by the ever-switching light incidence between the top and bottom surfaces. The synergy between the photomoment and oscillation ensures positive work input to the cantilever when the diffusion timescale is comparable to the period of free oscillation. When the input energy is higher than the damping energy, the oscillation amplitude increases, while, when the input energy is lower, the amplitude decreases. Based on dimensional energy analysis, we determine the stable oscillation amplitude and construct phase diagrams for the increase and decrease of the oscillation amplitude, which are further confirmed experimentally. A mass-spring-damper system subjected to a displacement-dependent excitation force is developed to investigate the features in generalized self-excited oscillating systems. This work lays a solid foundation for understanding self-excited oscillation and provides design guidelines for self-sustainable soft robots.

关键词： Light-matter interaction mechanical deformation Devices Dynamical systems Hydrogels Smart materials Photoexcitation

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Hydrothermal liquefaction of swine wastewater-cultivated Chlorella sorokiniana SU-1 biomass for sustainable biofuel production

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Biochemical engineering Journal 2024年 209卷

作者： Kusmayadi, Adi Ong, Hwai Chyuan Amir, Faisal Riayatsyah, Teuku Meurah Indra Leong, Yoong Kit Chang, Jo-Shu Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin64002 Taiwan Department of Engineering School of Engineering and Technology Sunway University Jalan Universiti Bandar Sunway Selangor Petaling Jaya47500 Malaysia Department of Mechanical Engineering National Yunlin University of Science and Technology 123 University Road Section 3 Yunlin Douliou64002 Taiwan Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Tunghai University Taichung China Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy Tunghai University Taichung China Department of Chemical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan China Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Yuan Ze University Chung-Li32003 Taiwan

The environmental impact of fossil fuel consumption has shifted the focus of research toward biomass and bioenergy. Renewable biomass, such as microalgae, has several benefits, including growth in wastewater, sequestration of carbon dioxide, economic feasibility, and environmental friendliness. This study investigated the feasibility of using Chlorella sorokiniana SU-1 biomass cultivated on a swine-amended medium as a renewable feedstock to produce biocrude oil. Microalgal cultivation under optimal conditions of 50 % swine wastewater (SW), inoculum sizes of 1 g/L, CO2 concentration of 2 %, and light intensity of 300 μmol m−2 s−1 obtained a high biomass concentration (6.53 g/L), biochemical production (56.65 % carbohydrate content, 33.5 % protein content, and 4.35 % lipid content) and wastewater treatment performance [92.29 % chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal, 93.7 % total phosphorus (TP) removal, and 95.64 % ammonia removal]. Subsequently, hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of the obtained microalgal biomass achieved a 29.45 % biocrude oil yield with a composition of 34.3 % esters, 23.5 % hydrocarbons, 5.14 % aldehydes, 7.54 % furans, and 11.1 % phenolic derivatives, making it a promising choice for biofuel production. Thus, the findings confirmed that C. sorokiniana SU-1 could be effectively utilized for the phycoremediation of SW with simultaneous biomass production as a renewable feedstock for biocrude oil production. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Microalgae

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Dislocation loops enhance wear resistance in Ti2Zr0.75NbVx lightweight refractory medium-entropy alloys via high thermal conductivity-promoted oxide film formation

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International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard materials 2025年 132卷

作者： Zhang, Xinlong Xiong, Zixian Li, Lianning Feng, Zhiyu Wu, Bingzhao Li, Mingcan Zhao, Chunyu Zhang, Lei Xinjiang Environmental and Functional Materials Engineering Research Center School of Materials Science and Engineering Xinjiang University Xinjiang Urumqi830046 China School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Taian271016 China School of Mechanical Engineering Xinjiang University Urumqi830000 China State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

This study systematically investigates the friction and wear behavior of Ti2Zr0.75NbVx (x = 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1) lightweight refractory medium-entropy alloys (MEAs) and the underlying wear resistance enhancement mechanisms through a combined approach of experimental characterization and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The results reveal that atomic size mismatch-induced lattice distortion promotes the accumulation of residual stress, thereby facilitating the formation of dislocation loops. These dislocation loop structures significantly enhance the thermal conductivity of the material. The improved thermal conductivity accelerates the formation of dense oxide films by promoting oxygen diffusion and homogenizing the surface temperature field during friction. The oxide films effectively suppress stress concentration and plastic deformation, leading to a remarkable reduction in wear. Among the investigated alloys, the V0.5 composition exhibits the optimal wear resistance, with its dislocation loop structure not only substantially increasing the thermal conductivity (increasing from 32.4 W/(m·K) to 37.1 W/(m·K)) but also achieving the lowest average friction coefficient (0.6239) and wear rate (3.1181 × 10−4 mm3/N·m) compared to other compositions. This work provides important theoretical insights and experimental support for optimizing the wear resistance of lightweight refractory MEAs. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Oxide films

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Acid- and Alkaline-Induced Phase and Structure Reconstruction of Nickel Sulfide Toward Enhanced Electrochemical Performance

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Hu, Qin Bai, Youcun Liu, Chunlin Zhao, Fenglin Zhang, Yingge Guo, Lei Li, Wenpo School of Mechanical Engineering Chengdu University Chengdu610106 China Institute for Materials Science and Devices School of Materials Science & Engineering Suzhou University of Science & Technology Suzhou215011 China Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing400044 China School of Material and Chemical Engineering Tongren University Tongren554300 China

Nickel sulfides prepared by conventional methods usually exhibit bulk structure and multiple phases, which poses great challenges for controllably synthesizing designer particles with high performance. Herein, we developed a novel and universal strategy to achieve phase and structure reconstruction of nickel sulfide by an acid- or alkaline-induced strategy. Interestingly, we found that the HCl and KOH could partially extract nickel and sulfur from nickel sulfide under a hydrothermal process, respectively. As a result, HCl treatment induces the transformation of nickel sulfide from nickel-rich phase (NiS) to nickel-deficient phase (NiS2) and bulk structure to micro-nano structure. The KOH treatment droves the transformation of nickel sulfide from sulfur-rich phase (NiS2) to sulfur-deficient phase (NiS), as well as the changes in surface microstructure. Attributed to the structural advantages brought by structure reconstruction, these samples after treatment exhibit enhanced electrochemical properties. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sulfur compounds

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Thermoelectric Performance of N-Type Bi2s3-Alloyed Bi2te2.7se0.3

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Fortulan, Raphael Brown, Adam Serhiienko, Illia Mori, Takao Yamini, Sima Aminorroya Materials and Engineering Research Institute Sheffield Hallam University Sheffield United Kingdom National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba Japan Graduate School of Pure and Applied Science University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan School of Aerospace Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering The University of Sydney Sydney2006 Australia

The effect of isovalent sulfur substitution on the thermoelectric properties of n-type alloy has been studied systematically. At low sulfur concentrations, where the samples are single phase, changes in defect chemistry and density of states impacted significantly electrical resistivity and thermopower, improving thermopower while reducing thermal conductivity due to increased phonon scattering at defects. This reduction in thermal conductivity was particularly noticeable in samples containing -based secondary phase. The thermopower of these samples improved greatly due to the formation of an impurity band at the interface of two phases, resulting in increased electron donation and reduced electrical resistivity. Isovalent sulfur substitution enhanced thermopower and reduced thermal conductivity for both single and multiphase samples. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Thermoelectric power

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Thermoelectric Performance of N-Type Bi2s3-Alloyed Bi2te2.7se0.3

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

关键词： Thermoelectric power

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Probing the Respective Strengthening Mechanism of High-entropy (CoCrFeNi/CoCrFeNiMn) and Single-principle-element (Cu-4Al) Alloys

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Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2023年 969卷

作者： Fan, Liwen Zhou, Jian Fang, Xiaotian Wang, Yanfei Ma, Xiaolong Tsai, Ming-Hung Zhu, Yuntian School of Materials Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing211189 China China Energy Science and Technology Research Institute Nanjing210023 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering North Carolina State University RaleighNC27695 United States State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures School of Aerospace Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an710049 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung402 Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering Hong Kong Institute for Advanced Study City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

The strengthening mechanism of high-entropy alloys (CoCrFeNi/CoCrFeNiMn) is investigated and compared with a single-principle-element alloy (Cu-4Al) with similar stacking fault energy. Hall-Petch effect dominates the strain hardening of both alloys during progressive grain refinement to the ultrafine regime. Moreover, the high density of Lomer-Cottrell locks offers unique and extra hardening to ultrafine-grained high-entropy alloys. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Entropy

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Effects of Interface Anisotropy on the Solidification Morphology of Zinc Alloys and Development of Data Assimilation for Their Estimation

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ISIJ International 2025年第5期65卷 695-703页

作者： Yamamura, Ayano Yasuda, Hideyuki Takaki, Tomohiro Graduate School of Science and Technology Kyoto Institute of Technology Matsugasaki Sakyo-ku Kyoto606-8585 Japan Department of Materials Science and Engineering Kyoto University Yoshidahonmachi Sakyo-ku Kyoto606-8501 Japan Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Kyoto Institute of Technology Matsugasaki Sakyo-ku Kyoto606-8585 Japan

The solid–liquid interface energy anisotropy of Zn alloys remains poorly understood. Recently, characteristic 14-arm dendritic growth has been observed using time-resolved X-ray computed tomography at SPring-8 during the solidification of a Zn-4mass%Al alloy. This study investigates the dependence of the dendrite morphologies of Zn alloys on solid–liquid interface energy anisotropy through systematic phase-field simulations of the growth of an isolated equiaxed dendrite. We also develop a data assimilation system to estimate the anisotropy parameters of solid–liquid interface energy and crystal orientation in Zn alloys and validate the system through twin experiments. This study provides insights into the solidification of Zn alloys and a powerful tool for their investigation. © 2025 The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan.

关键词： Aluminum alloys

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Synchronous detection of multiple optical characteristics of atmospheric aerosol by coupled photoacoustic cavity

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第6期31卷 278-284页

作者：靳华伟胡仁志谢品华罗平 Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics&Technology Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Institute of Environment Friendly Materials and Occupational Health Anhui University of Science and TechnologyWuhu 241000China State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources in Western China Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710054China Mechanical Engineering School Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainan 232001China

Owing to the influence of sampling loss,cavity difference and detecting source,the multi-optical parameter measurement of atmospheric aerosol cannot be detected simultaneously in the same reference *** order to solve this problem,a new method of simultaneously detecting the aerosol optical parameters by coupling cavity ring-down spectrometer with photoacoustic spectroscopy is ***,the coupled photoacoustic cavity is formed by the organic fusion of the photoacoustic cavity and the ring-down ***,the integrated design of the coupling spectroscopy system is carried ***,the extinction coefficient and absorption coefficient of aerosol are measured simultaneously by the system,and then the aerosol scattering coefficient and single albedo are calculated *** accuracy of the system is verified by comparing with the data from the environmental quality monitoring station,which provides a new idea for the detection of multi-optical characteristics of atmospheric aerosol.

关键词： spectroscopy synchronous detection coupling spectrum coupled photoacoustic cavity

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