To explore the effect of temperature on the phase transformation of HCP→FCC during compression, the uniaxial compression process of AZ31 magnesium alloy was simulated by the molecular dynamics method, and the changes...
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To explore the effect of temperature on the phase transformation of HCP→FCC during compression, the uniaxial compression process of AZ31 magnesium alloy was simulated by the molecular dynamics method, and the changes of crystal structure and dislocation evolution were observed. The effects of temperature on mechanical properties, crystal structure, and dislocation evolution of magnesium alloy during compression were analyzed. It is concluded that some of the Shockley partial dislocation is related to FCC stacking faults. With the help of TEM characterization, the correctness of the correlation between some of the dislocations and FCC stacking faults is verified. Through the combination of simulation and experiment, this paper provides an idea for the in-depth study of the solid-phase transformation of magnesium alloys and provides reference and guidance for the design of magnesium alloys with good plasticity and formability at room temperature.
The distribution of inclusions at the bottom of a Ce-treated heavy steel ingot was detected and *** three-dimensional morphology and spatial distribution of CeAlOs clusters were characterized using the electrolytic ex...
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The distribution of inclusions at the bottom of a Ce-treated heavy steel ingot was detected and *** three-dimensional morphology and spatial distribution of CeAlOs clusters were characterized using the electrolytic extraction and Micro-CT detection.A model of inclusion collision to predict the aggregation of CeAlO_(3) inclusions in the ingot was established and validated by measured *** were mainly CeAlO_(3) and a small amount of Ce_(2)O_(2)S in the tundish after cerium *** collision and aggregation of inclusions led to the formation of large clusters in the ingot during the solidification *** slag entrainment inclusions,large CeAO_(3) clusters and small CeAlO_(3) particles were observed from the center to the edge of the ingot *** inclusions were mainly concentrated at the *** number density of inclusions larger than 200μm was 0.21 mm^(-3).The maximum diameter of CeA1O_(3) clusters was 1340μ*** the edge to the radial center and from the bottom to the top,the average diameter of inclusions gradually increased due to the longer solidification time of the ingot.
Plastic waste in Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) bottles is creating new challenges, which in today’s scenario is a major concern in every industry. The defect in PET bottles mainly occurs due to improper selection ...
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Plastic waste in Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) bottles is creating new challenges, which in today’s scenario is a major concern in every industry. The defect in PET bottles mainly occurs due to improper selection of levels of process parameters during the production process. Therefore, optimizations of process parameters are very important to minimize the defects produced due to improper stretch blow molding process parameter selections. The study is carried out on 2 L bottle since they have the highest demand and the highest defect rate in the PET bottling sector. The PET bottles have been developed from the preform at various blowing temperature, blowing speed and blowing angle on commercially available SBM setup. The design and plan of experiments have been done according to L9 orthogonal array of Taguchi method. The optimization of process parameters has been done through the hybrid Taguchi grey relational analysis optimization technique on four factors namely: blowing temperature, first blow angle, second blow angle and blowing speed. Each value of parameter was taken at three levels in combination. The testing of all samples such as tensile test, wall thickness measurement and hoop stretch ratio measurement have been carried out as per ASTM standards. The morphology of the samples has been carried out through scanning electron microscope. A maximum tensile strength of 65 MPa, minimum hoop stretch ratio of 5.45 and a maximum wall thickness 0.24 mm was found at varying process parameter combinations. It has been observed that among the process parameters: blowing temperature was the most significant factor for minimizing defects while second blow angle was the least significant parameter. It was found that optimized values of the process parameters yielded 15% reduction in defects on PET bottles. The present study is expected to contribute significantly for the industries working in this field for carrying out production at optimum levels of process parameter
Thermal barrier coatings(TBC)on superalloy blade/vane enable an increase in turbine inlet temperature(TIT)and aero-engine ***,the deposition of dust on TBC significantly ablates superalloys and becomes a bottleneck fo...
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Thermal barrier coatings(TBC)on superalloy blade/vane enable an increase in turbine inlet temperature(TIT)and aero-engine ***,the deposition of dust on TBC significantly ablates superalloys and becomes a bottleneck for advanced engine *** paper presents a comprehensive mod-eling approach,based on an experiment involving dust deposition on a TBC-coated substrate,aimed at understanding the fundamental cause of substrate *** results show that a significant increase in surface roughness is obtained experimentally with dust *** temperature field within the TBC-substrate system is disturbed by surface ***,the film cooling is seriously *** the dust accumulated on the TBC surface also contributes to heat insulation by increas-ing the effective TBC thickness,localized overheating of the substrate occurs and then leads to ablation and premature failure of the *** elucidation of the overheating mechanism could inform the development of strategies to resist dust accumulation in advanced aero engines.
The simultaneous optimization of the bulk and surface characteristics of photoelectrodes is essential to maximize their photoelectrochemical(PEC)*** report a novel one-pot hydrothermal synthesis of textured and surfac...
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The simultaneous optimization of the bulk and surface characteristics of photoelectrodes is essential to maximize their photoelectrochemical(PEC)*** report a novel one-pot hydrothermal synthesis of textured and surface-reconstructed BiVO_(4)photoanodes(ts-BVO),achieving significant improvements in PEC water *** controlling precursor molarity and ethylene glycol(EG)addition,we developed a stepwise dual reaction(SDR)mechanism,which enables simultaneous bulk texture development and surface *** optimized CoBi/ts-BVO photoanode exhibited a photocurrent density of 4.3 mA∙cm^(−2)at 1.23 V *** hydrogen electrode(RHE)with a high Faradaic efficiency of 98%under one sun *** with nontextured BiVO_(4),the charge transport efficiency increased from 8%to 70%,whereas the surface charge transfer efficiency improved from 9%to 85%.These results underscore the critical role of both bulk and surface engineering in enhancing PEC *** findings offer a streamlined approach for improving the intrinsic properties of photoanodes in solar water splitting.
Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR) is an efficient and green way to produce ammonia,which offers an alternative option to the conventional Haber-Bosch ***,the large-scale industrial application of NRR p...
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Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR) is an efficient and green way to produce ammonia,which offers an alternative option to the conventional Haber-Bosch ***,the large-scale industrial application of NRR processes is still hindered by poor Faraday efficiency and high overpotential,which need to be overcome ***,combined with density functional theory and particle swarm optimization algorithm for the nitrogen carbide monolayer structural search(C_mN_(8-m),m=1-7),the surprising discovery is that single transition metal-atom-doped C_(4)N_(4) monolayers(TM@C_(4)N_(4)) could effectively accelerate nitrogen reduction ***@C_(4)N_(4)(TM=29 transition metals) as single-atom catalysts are evaluated via traditional multi-step screening method,and their structures,NRR activity,selectivity and solvation effect are investigated to evaluate their NRR performance,Through the screening steps,W@C_(4)N_(4) possesses the highest activity for NRR with a very low limiting potential of-0.29 ***,an intrinsic descriptor φ is proposed with machine learning,which shortens the screening process and provides a new idea for finding efficient *** work not only offers promising catalysts W@C_(4)N_(4) for NRR process but also offers a new intrinsic and universal descriptor φ.
The severe environmental problems and the demand for energy urgently require electrocatalysis to replace Haber-Bosch for the nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR).The descriptors and important properties of single-atom and...
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The severe environmental problems and the demand for energy urgently require electrocatalysis to replace Haber-Bosch for the nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR).The descriptors and important properties of single-atom and homonuclear double-atom catalysts have been preliminarily explored,but the relationship between the inherent properties and catalytic activity of heteronuclear double-atom catalysts with better performance remains ***,it is very significant to explore the prediction expressions of catalytic activity of heteronuclear double-atom catalysts based on their inherent properties and find the rule for selecting catalytic ***,by summarizing the free energy for the key steps of NRR on 55 catalysts calculated through the first-principle,the expressions of predicting the free energy and the corresponding descriptors are deduced by the machine learning,and the strategy for selecting the appropriate catalytic center is *** selection strategy for the central atom of heteronuclear double-atom catalysts is that the atomic number of central B atom should be between group VB and VIIIB,and the electron difference between central A atom and B atom should be large enough,and the selectivity of NRR or hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)could be calculated through the prediction ***,five catalysts are screened to have low limiting potential and excellent selectivity,and are further analyzed by electron *** work explores the relationship between the inherent properties of heteronuclear double-atom catalysts and the catalytic activity,and puts forward the rules for selecting the heteronuclear double-atom catalytic center,which has guiding significance for the experiment.
The excellent dislocation storage ability of bulk multi-principal element alloys(MPEAs)has been widely *** date,however,the underlying mechanisms of dislocation escape behavior in small-size facecentered cubic(FCC)MPE...
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The excellent dislocation storage ability of bulk multi-principal element alloys(MPEAs)has been widely *** date,however,the underlying mechanisms of dislocation escape behavior in small-size facecentered cubic(FCC)MPEAs have rarely been ***,we quantitatively control the initial dislocation densities(-10^(15) m^(-2) and -10^(16) m^(-2))by large-scale molecular dynamics(MD)simulations and perform uniaxial compression simulations to compare the dislocation starvation behavior of CrCoNi with pure Cu single crystal pillars(SCPs).The analysis reveals that the CrCoNi SCPs with low initial dislocation density(-10^(15) m^(-2))can continuously accommodate mobile dislocations,and the critical dimension for dislocation starvation is about 30 *** particular,the CrCoNi SCPs with chemical short-range ordering(SRO)exhibit better dislocation storage and multiplication abilities than the random solid solution(RSS)samples even when the initial dislocation density is ***,the presence of a large number of pre-existing dislocation locks governs the strong dislocation multiplication ability of the small-size RSS CrCoNi SCPs,in obvious contrast to the deformation of all pure Cu SCPs which is completely dominated by intermittent mobile dislocation *** importantly,we reveal the fundamental physics for the good dislocation storage of CrCoNi SCPs at small sizes from the perspective of chemical *** new phenomena reported in this work provide a unique atomic-scale perspective for understanding the microscopic physical origin of the mechanical behavior of MPEAs and the discovery of extremely slow dislocation escape behavior in small-scaled pillars,providing a reliable basis for the development of the dislocation starvation model.
Organosulfur materials are a sustainable alternative to the present-day layered oxide cathodes in lithium-based *** such organosulfur material that was intensely explored from the 1990s to early 2010s is 2,5-dimercapt...
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Organosulfur materials are a sustainable alternative to the present-day layered oxide cathodes in lithium-based *** such organosulfur material that was intensely explored from the 1990s to early 2010s is 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole(DMCT).However,research interest declined as the electrode reactions with DMCT were assumed to be too sluggish to be *** with the advances in metal-sulfur batteries,we revisit DMCT-based materials in the form of poly[tetrathio-2,5-(1,3,4-thiadiazole)],referred to as *** an appropriate choice of electrode design and electrolyte,pDMCT-S cathode paired with a Li-metal anode shows a capacity of 715 mA h g^(-1)and a Coulombic efficiency of 97.7%at a C/10 rate,thus quelling the concerns of sluggish ***,pDMCT-S shows significantly improved long-term cyclability compared to a sulfur *** into the origin of the stability reveals that the discharge product Li-DMCT in its mesomeric form can strongly bind to polysulfides,preventing their dissolution into the electrolyte and *** unique mechanism solves a critical problem faced by sulfur ***,this mechanism results in a stable performance of pDMCT-S with Na-metal cells as *** study opens the potential for exploring other organic materials that have inherent polysulfide sequestering capabilities,enabling long-life metal-sulfur batteries.
Magnesium alloys have received considerable research interest due to their lightweight,high specific strength and excellent ***,their plastic deformation is more complicated compared to cubic materials,primarily becau...
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Magnesium alloys have received considerable research interest due to their lightweight,high specific strength and excellent ***,their plastic deformation is more complicated compared to cubic materials,primarily because their low-symmetry hexagonal closepacked(hcp) crystal *** twinning is a crucial plastic deformation mechanism in magnesium,and twins can affect the evolution of microstructure by interacting with other lattice defects,thereby affecting the mechanical *** paper provides a review of the interactions between deformation twins and lattice defects,such as solute atoms,dislocations and twins,in magnesium and its *** review starts with interactions between twin boundaries and substitutional solutes like yttrium,zinc,silver,as well as interstitial solutes like hydrogen and *** is followed by twin-dislocation interactions,which mainly involve those between {10■2} tension or {10■1} compression twins and , or type *** following section examines twin-twin interactions,which occur either among the six variants of the same {10■2} or {10■1} twin,or between different types of *** resulting structures,including twin-twin junctions or boundaries,tension-tension double twin,and compression-tension double twin,are discussed in ***,this review highlights the remaining research issues concerning the interactions between twins and lattice defects in magnesium,and provides suggestions for future work in this area.
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