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Investigation of manufacturing conditions of single roll rapidly solidified ribbon for anode materials of magnesium rechargeable batteries

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Keikinzoku/Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals 2023年第11期73卷 537-544页

作者： Kirimoto, Yuichi Fuke, Kousuke Tsukeda, Tadayoshi Aida, Tetsuo Nemoto, Yasunori Ikeda, Minoru Tabata, Hironobu Kurihara, Hideki Suzuki, Mayumi Department of Nano and Functional Material Science Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Education University of Toyama 3190 Gofuku Toyama-shi-shiToyama Toyama930-8555 Japan Program of Materials Science and Engineering Studies in Science and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering University of Toyama Toyama-shi-shiToyama Toyama Japan Faculty of Sustainable Design Academic Assembly University of Toyama Toyama-shi Toyama-shi-shiToyama Toyama Japan FLOW Science JAPAN Shizuoka Hamamatsu-shi Japan CHUETSU METAL WORKS CO. LTD Nakaniikawa-gun Toyama Japan Saitama Industrial Technology Center Saitama Kawaguchi-shi Japan Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Toyama Prefectural University Imizu-shi Toyama Japan

Magnesium rechargeable batteries are attracting attention as next-generation rechargeable batteries because of their resource abundance, cost, safety, and high electrical capacity per volume compared to conventional lithium-ion rechargeable batteries. Our joint research team focused not only on the electrochemically active magnesium composition of ribbon for the negative electrode materials of magnesium rechargeable batteries but also on the production process, focused on the single roll type liquid quenching and rapid solidification method, which can be produced at a lower cost. In this study, the optimal processing conditions were examined by comparing CAE analysis with ribbon actually manufactured, with the aim of further improving manufacturing conditions using the same method, such as length discontinuities, thickness, and surface properties of ribbon. We specifically various process parameters such as injection pressure and roll peripheral speed for evaluation. As a result, several linear cracks were observed on the surface of the ribbon as the peripheral speed increased and as the Gap became wider, and the surface properties tended to deteriorate. Also, It was found that the dominant factor in the length of the ribbon was the peripheral speed. As the peripheral speed increased, the length of the ribbon tended to increase. © 2023 Japan Institute of Light Metals. All rights reserved.

关键词： Surface properties

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Physisorption-assistant optoelectronic synaptic transistors based on Ta2NiSe5/SnS2 heterojunction from ultraviolet to near-infrared

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光：科学与应用（英文版） 2025年第5期14卷 1278-1289页

作者： Fan Tan Chunlu Chang Nan Zhang Junru An Mingxiu Liu Xingyu Zhao Mengqi Che Zhilin Liu Yaru Shi Yahui Li Yanze Feng Chao Lin Yuquan Zheng Dabing Li Mario Lanza Shaojuan Li State Key Laboratory of Luminescence Science and Technology Changchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130033China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(UCAS) Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Luminescence Science and Technology Changchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130033China State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics Changchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130033China Key Laboratory of Optical System Advanced Manufacturing Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130033China Materials Science and Engineering Program Physical Sciences and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955Saudi Arabia

Neuromorphic computing vision is the most promising technological solution to overcome the arithmetic bottleneck in machine vision ***-in-one neuromorphic sensors have been attracting increased attention because they can integrate visual perception,processing,and memory functionalities into one single ***,the limited responsivity and data retention time of all-in-one neuromorphic sensors usually hinder their potential in multispectral machine vision,especially in the near-infrared(NIR)band which contains critical information for pattern ***,we demonstrate physisorption-assistant optoelectronic synaptic transistors based on Ta2NiSe5/SnS2 heterojunction,which present tunable synaptic functionality in broadband(375-1310 nm).We propose a strategy about the physisorption-assistant persistent photoconductivity(PAPPC)effect to effectively solve the problem in detecting and storing the NIR light *** this strategy,the responsivity and data retention time of our devices were significantly enhanced and prolonged in broadband from 375 to 1310 ***,the devices realize multilevel non-volatile optoelectronic memory through the modulation of several optical and back-gate signals to simulate emotion-controlled learning and memory processes,optical writing-electric erasing,and associative ***,we developed a simplified human visual system to simulate color-cognitive perception and memory *** approach offers a route for creating advanced all-in-one neuromorphic sensors and developing neuromorphic computing vision.

关键词： from assistant based heterojunction near-infrared optoelectronic physisorption synaptic ta2nise5 transistors

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Enhancement of piezophototronic hydrogen evolution reaction through the polarization of ferroelectric Bi4Ti3O12 microplates

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International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2024年 50卷 15-25页

作者： Chang, Shun Cheng Chen, Po-Han Chen, Yu-Ching Wu, Jyh Ming Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing Hua University 101 Section 2 Kuang Fu Road Hsinchu300 Taiwan High Entropy Materials Center National Tsing Hua University Section 2 Kuang Fu Road 101 Hsinchu300 Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Prospective Functional Materials Industry National Tsing Hua University 101 Section 2 Kuang Fu Road Hsinchu300 Taiwan

In this study, we analyzed the properties of Bi4Ti3O12 microplates in the context of hydrogen evolution reaction. Piezoresponse force microscopy revealed a typical butterfly curve, indicating that as-synthesized Bi4Ti3O12 exhibits ferroelectric properties. Under ultrasonication, the amount of hydrogen produced by polarized (2000 V) Bi4Ti3O12 increased from 728 to 1349 μmol g−1, which was 1.85 times higher than that generated by unpolarized Bi4Ti3O12. The increase in hydrogen evolution rate may be attributed to the gradual alignment of polarization within the ferroelectric domains of Bi4Ti3O12. Moreover, with synergistic piezophototronic activity, the amount of hydrogen produced by Bi4Ti3O12 was further increased to 1478 μmol g−1, which was 200% higher than that generated by unpolarized Bi4Ti3O12. Theoretical calculations revealed that Bi4Ti3O12 microplates exhibit a high piezoelectric potential along the x-axis, which is consistent with the spontaneous polarization of the microplates. By applying an external polarization field, ferroelectric polarization was activated to effectively separate free charges and extend carrier lifetime (from 0.6 to 0.84 ns). The application of an external electric field to ferroelectric Bi4Ti3O12 appears to be a favorable strategy for enhancing its piezophototronic activity. Our findings may facilitate future studies in the fields of environmental science and renewable energy. © 2023 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC

关键词： Bismuth compounds

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Using 4D-STEM to Map 3D Morphologies of 2D materials

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Microscopy and microanalysis : the official journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada 2023年第1期29卷 262-263页

作者： Mireles, Adan Shi, Chuqiao Park, Jeongwon Shin, Bongki Sung, Suk Hyun Ophus, Colin Hovden, Robert Kang, Kibum Han, Yimo Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston TX United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University Houston TX United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon South Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States National Center for Electron Microscopy Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA United States

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Temperature-Responsive and Passive Wireless Mechanical Metamaterial Sensors 14

Temperature-Responsive and Passive Wireless Mechanical Metam...

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14th International Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring: Designing SHM for Sustainability, Maintainability, and Reliability, IWSHM 2023

作者： Naidu, Vishnu R. Park, Yujin Loh, Kenneth J. Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States Department of Structural Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605956930

Knowing the location and environmental conditions of sailors that have fallen overboard can greatly facilitate open water search and rescue operations. Currently, active sensors that trigger an alarm when a sailor falls overboard exist, and it works by detecting a loss of signal from a transmitter. However, their applications have been limited because of the dependence on a working battery, as well as the fact that sailor location cannot be tracked beyond the one-time loss-of-signal event. In this study, a passive, person-overboard sensing concept is proposed, and the focus is to demonstrate monitoring of seawater conditions. The passive sensor was designed by incorporating a temperature-responsive hydrogel with an auxetic star pattern unit cell geometry, which transforms from a two- to three-dimensional geometry when immersed in low temperature liquid. First, the passive sensor was formed by incorporating a temperature-responsive hydrogel at opposite ends of the star pattern. The time-dependent swelling and de-swelling behavior of the copolymer hydrogel was characterized to understand the mechanical strains induced after exposure to low temperature water. Second, the design of the star pattern geometry was optimized, and artificial imperfections in the form of notches were employed to allow shape transformation to take place at appropriate and minimal applied strains. The vision is that these shape morphing structures with integrated antennas can serve as passive sensors, which, when interrogated by a remote reader, can be used to monitor how long overboard sailors have been in a low-temperature open sea environment. © 2023 by DEStech Publi cations, Inc. All rights reserved

关键词： Water temperature

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Specular inverse Faraday effect in transition metals

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Physical Review materials 2023年第12期7卷 125202-125202页

作者： Victor H. Ortiz Shashi B. Mishra Luat Vuong Sinisa Coh Richard B. Wilson Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California Riverside 92521 CA United States

The inverse Faraday effect is an optomagnetic phenomenon that describes the ability of circularly polarized light to induce magnetism in solids. The capability of light to control magnetic order in solid state materials and devices is of interest for a variety of applications, such as magnetic recording, quantum computation, and spintronic technologies. However, significant gaps in understanding about the effect persist, such as what material properties govern the magnitude of the effect in metals. In this work, we report time-resolved measurements of the specular inverse Faraday effect in nonmagnetic metals, i.e., the magneto-optic Kerr effect induced by circularly polarized light. We measure this specular inverse Faraday effect in Cu, Pd, Pt, W, Ta, and Au at a laser wavelength of 783 nm. For Ta and W, we investigate both α and β phases. We observe that excitation of these metals with circularly polarized light induces significant circular dichroism. This nonlinear magneto-optical response to circularly polarized light is an order of magnitude larger in α-W than other metals, e.g., Pt or Au, and is greater than nearly all other reported values for the inverse Faraday effect in other materials. Our results benchmark the range of the inverse Faraday effect that can be observed in nonmagnetic metals and provide insight into what material properties govern the inverse Faraday effect in metals.

关键词： Light-induced magnetic effects Magneto-optics Ultrafast optics Magneto-optical Kerr effect Sputtering Ultrafast femtosecond pump probe

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Effect of Heat Treatments on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Fe-Mn-Ni-Al-Gd Shape Memory Alloy

Effect of Heat Treatments on Microstructure and Mechanical P...

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2023 Sharjah International Conference on Physics of Advanced materials, SICPAM 2023

作者： Mustafa, Faisal Egilmez, Mehmet Abuzaid, Wael El-Khatib, Sami Department of Physics American University of Sharjah Sharjah26666 United Arab Emirates Materials Science and Engineering Program American University of Sharjah Sharjah26666 United Arab Emirates Department of Mechanical Engineering American University of Sharjah Sharjah26666 United Arab Emirates

There are significant scientific and industrial efforts to develop and optimize Iron-based shape memory alloys (SMA) such as FeMnNiAl for cost-sensitive applications. This alloy system shows shape memory and superelastic properties across a large temperature range. However, many studies have pointed out the need for rather complex thermo-mechanical treatments for the optimization of the SMA properties. In addition, works considering the effects of alloying on the development of microstructures that are more conducive to pseudo-elasticity in this system remain limited. Hence, systematic studies aiming at the investigation of the microstructural evolution of the FeMnNiAl(Gd) system are of great interest. In this study, solution heat treatment is done to tune the microstructure for optimum mechanical properties. The effect of phase distribution on mechanical properties is investigated at different heat treatments. Whereas cyclic heat treatment induced abnormal grain growth (AGG) in all samples, so large grains were obtained. The phase variation and elemental composition are analyzed by X-ray diffraction and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy, respectively. The microstructure and phase distribution are observed using Scanning Electron Microscope and then related to the microhardness results. The microstructure has a good correlation with mechanical properties where the fine distribution of phases results in a higher hardness number. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Microstructure

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A Soft-Robotic Thumb Orthosis Facilitating Individual Assistance of Thumb Joints

A Soft-Robotic Thumb Orthosis Facilitating Individual Assist...

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IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft)

作者： Christina Chase-Markopoulou Anoush Sepehri Tania K. Morimoto Michael T. Tolley Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department of Surgery Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California San Diego CA USA

ISBN: (数字)9798331520205

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520212

Many wearable soft robotic devices have been developed to assist with spasticity – the increased muscle tone seen in individuals with neurological conditions such as stroke or cerebral palsy. However, these devices typically lack the ability to individually assist multiple degrees of freedom (DOF), which is essential to performing a broad range of daily tasks. To address this need, we developed a soft robotic thumb orthosis to achieve movement in three DOF. We focused on the thumb as it performs the most complex movement. Our orthosis used three unfolding textile pneumatic actuators to assist with the extension of the interphalangeal joint, combined extension of the metacarpal and carpometacarpal joints, and abduction of the carpometacarpal joint. The orthosis was tested on both a 3D-printed biomimetic test bed that emulated spasticity and a healthy individual. The orthosis met the full range of motion targets for each joint, except for the abduction of the carpometacarpal joint with medium spasticity, and surpassed the range of motion threshold required for activities of daily living. The orthosis was able to: (1) assist each DOF independently, (2) move the tip of a biomimetic thumb to a pre-determined target with total error of less than 1.5 cm when actuated with open-loop control, and, (3) provide individual joint assistance to a user with no motor impairment. This research showcases the ability of a soft robotic orthosis to assist movement in simulated spasticity of individual thumb joints and provides an important step towards a platform to study whether independent joint assistance during rehabilitation improves patient outcomes.

关键词： Performance evaluation Pneumatic actuators Biomimetics Thumb Spasticity Soft robotics Muscles Motors Motion control Textiles

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Environmentally-friendly alkaline ionized water pretreatment and hydrolysis of macroalga via microwave-assisted heating to improve monosaccharide yield for bioethanol production

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Process Safety and Environmental Protection 2024年 189卷 702-713页

作者： Chen, Wei-Hsin Liu, Li-Xuan Khoo, Kuan Shiong Sheen, Herng-Kuang Kwon, Eilhann E. Saravanakumar, Ayyadurai Chang, Jo-Shu Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy Tunghai University Taichung407 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung411 Taiwan International Master Degree Program on Energy National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Yuan Ze University Taoyuan Taiwan Sugar Business Division Taiwan Sugar Corporation Taiwan701 Taiwan Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering Hanyang University Seoul04763 Korea Republic of Directorate of Research SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chengalpattu District Tamil Nadu Kattankulathur603203 India Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science College of Engineering Tunghai University Taichung Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan

This study synthesizes three sequential steps: pretreatment, acid hydrolysis, and enzyme hydrolysis for bioethanol and hydrochar production from macroalga Gracilaria. The Taguchi method is employed separately in each step to optimize relevant operating factors, aiming to maximize the monosaccharide yield. During pretreatment, environmentally friendly alkaline ionized water is utilized as it does not contain chemical additives. Afterward, microwave-assisted hydrolysis is adopted to enhance the monosaccharide yield of the macroalga for bioenergy production. The results show that the total sugar of Gracilaria undergoing acid hydrolysis alone is 28.72 g‧L−1. The total sugar content after alkaline pretreatment followed by acid hydrolysis is 32.64 g‧L−1, and it increases to 34.76 g‧L−1 after adding enzymes. Meanwhile, the higher heating value of Gracilaria increases from 10.884 MJ‧kg−1 to 12.620 MJ‧kg−1 after undergoing alkaline pretreatment. After the acid and enzyme hydrolysis processes, it increases to 15.164 MJ‧kg−1. The solid biofuel's calorific value increases by 39 % from the three-stage processes. The liquid product combined with Saccharomyces cerevisiae can produce bioethanol, while the produced hydrochar can be used as a solid fuel. This research promotes the development of macroalgal biomass for energy and environmental applications, thereby advancing the circular bioeconomy. © 2024 The Institution of Chemical Engineers

关键词： Ethanol

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Edge atomic Fe sites decorated porous graphitic carbon as an efficient bifunctional oxygen catalyst for Zinc-air batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第8期83卷 602-611,I0014页

作者： Ruihui Gan Yali Wang Xiangwu Zhang Yan Song Jingli Shi Chang Ma Tianjin Municipal Key Lab of Advanced Fiber and Energy Storage Technology Tiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China Fiber and Polymer Science Program Department of Textile EngineeringChemistry and ScienceWilson College of TextilesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695-8301uNITED sTATES CAS Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials Institute of Coal ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesTaiyuan 030001ShanxiChina

The development of advanced bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction and evolution reactions(ORR and OER) is critical to the practical application of zinc-air batteries(ZABs). Herein, a silica-assisted method is reported to integrate numerous accessible edge Fe-Nx sites into porous graphitic carbon(named Fe-N-G) for achieving highly active and robust oxygen electrocatalysis. Silica facilitates the formation of edge Fe-Nx sites and dense graphitic domains in carbon by inhibiting iron *** purification process creates a well-developed mass transfer channel for Fe-N-G. Consequently,Fe-N-G delivers a half-wave potential of 0.859 V in ORR and an overpotential of 344 m V at10 m A cm^(-2)in OER. During long-term operation, the graphitic layers protect edge Fe-Nx sites from demetallation in ORR and synergize with Fe OOH species endowing Fe-N-G with enhanced OER *** functional theory calculations reveal that the edge Fe-Nx site is superior to the in-plane Fe-Nx site in terms of OH* dissociation in ORR and OOH* formation in OER. The constructed ZAB based on Fe-N-G cathode shows a higher peak power density of 133 m W cm^(-2)and more stable cycling performance than Pt/C + RuO2counterparts. This work provides a novel strategy to obtain high-efficiency bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts through space mediation.

关键词： Bifunctionality EdgeFe-Nxsites Oxygen catalysis Graphitic domains Zinc-air batteries

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