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Magnetic Conference - Short Papers (INTERMAG Short Papers), IEEE International

作者： Kanta Shiku Masafumi Kuromizu Yuji Gotoh Takaaki Nara Graduate School of Information Science and Technology The University of Tokyo bunkyo-ku Japan Division of Materials Science and Production Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Oita University Oita Japan Intelligent Mechanical Systems Program Faculty of Science and Technology Oita University Oita Japan

ISBN: (数字)9798350362213

ISBN: (纸本)9798350362220

Electromagnetic nondestructive inspection for high-speed moving ferromagnetic materials is necessary for manufacturing efficiency. In this paper, we present a novel leakage magnetic flux (LMF) method to estimate the crack position in a moving cylindrical ferromagnetic rod. The method directly measures the first-order Fourier coefficients of the LMF moving with the crack by using only two coils with DC excitation. The location of a crack is estimated by the proposed method, as demonstrated for an S45C cylindrical rod.

关键词： Location awareness Coils Magnetic flux Inspection Ferromagnetic materials Manufacturing Electromagnetics

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Electrochemical Performance of a Water-Based LiFePO4 Cathode for Li-Ion Batteries

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Defect and Diffusion Forum 2022年 417卷 163-168页

作者： Chanhaew, Araya Aranmala, Komsak Darmawan, Luthfi Mursid Nisa, Shofirul Sholikhatun Nurohmah, Anisa Raditya Meethong, Nonglak Materials Science and Nanotechnology Program Department of Physics Faculty of Science Khon Kaen University Muang District Khon Kaen40002 Thailand Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Sebelas Maret Central Java Surakarta57126 Indonesia Centre of Excellence for Electrical Energy Storage Technology Universitas Sebelas Maret Central Java Surakarta57146 Indonesia Khon Kaen University Muang District Khon Kaen40002 Thailand

Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) has received much attention because it can provide high power density, abundant raw materials, safety, low toxicity, and high thermal stability. In general, the production of LiFePO4 cathode uses Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as a binder and N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone (NMP) as a solvent. These components are expensive, toxic, and can affect the environment. Therefore, to cover this shortcoming, the solvent and binder were replaced in this study. The solvent is replaced with water, which is more environmentally friendly and abundant, while the binder is replaced with water soluble binders. Suitable electrode formulations were investigated to obtain high performance cylindrical typed Li-ion batteries. As a result, Formula B (ratio of LiFePO4: AB: KS6: SBR: CMC = 90: 3: 3: 2.677: 1.333) has the highest specific discharge capacity of 120 mAh/g. The NMP-based cathode can give about 145 mAh/g. Therefore, the water-based cathode LiFePO4 gives a value that is slightly lower the NMP-based formular. © 2022 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.

关键词： Lithium compounds

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Effect of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate and Hydrogen Peroxide on the Microstructure Evolution of Fiber-Reinforced Lightweight Geopolymer Composite

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Alves, Cleidson Rosa Muller, Anderson Augusto Dal-Bó, Alexandre Gonçalves Bernandin, Adriano Michael Civil Engineering Department Federal Institute of Santa Catarina Santa Catarina Criciúma Brazil Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering University of the Extreme South of Santa Catarina Santa Catarina Criciúma Brazil Ceramic Materials Group United States

Lightweight geopolymers have the potential for innovative applications, such as low thermal conductivity material, pH regulator, adsorbent material, and lightweight concrete. However, these materials are often fragile due to their high porosity. In this study, the combined effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the pore formation of a geopolymeric mortar reinforced with glass fiber and polypropylene fibers was investigated. The aim was to improve the distribution and morphology of pores, resulting in lower thermal conductivity. Lightweight mortars were produced using metakaolin, alkaline activators, and standardized sand. The innovation in this study lies in the incorporation of fibers as reinforcement in lightweight geopolymers and the microstructural changes resulting from the combination of the pore-forming agent (H2O2) with surfactant (SDS). The microstructural evolution in the fresh state, and density, porosity, and thermal conductivity in the hardened state were evaluated. As a result, the combined use of reinforcement fibers and control of pore volume is effective in the control of the microstructure of the mortar and, as a consequence, its thermal conductivity. SDS significantly contributes to foam stabilization, leading to improvements in thermal conductivity (0.15 W/m.K), Bulk density (1000 kg/m3), and a reduction in the average pore size. This suggests that these materials can be used for both thermal insulation and the construction of lightweight structural walls. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Thermal insulation

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Exploring Nanoscale Photoresponse Mechanisms for Enhanced Photothermoelectric Effects in van der Waals Interfaces

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xu, Da Liu, Qiushi Liang, Boqun Yu, Ning Ma, Xuezhi Xu, Yaodong Taniguchi, Takashi Lake, Roger K. Yan, Ruoxue Liu, Ming Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California - Riverside RiversideCA92521 United States Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of California - Riverside RiversideCA92521 United States International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science Ibaraki Tsukuba305-0044 Japan Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California - Riverside RiversideCA92521 United States

Integrated photodetectors are crucial for their high speed, sensitivity, and efficient power consumption. In these devices, photocurrent generation is primarily attributed to the photovoltaic (PV) effect, driven by electron-hole separations, and the photothermoelectric (PTE) effect, which results from temperature gradients via the Seebeck effect. As devices shrink, the overlap of these mechanisms—both dependent on the Fermi level and band structure—complicates their separate evaluation at the nanoscale. This study introduces a novel 3D photocurrent nano-imaging technique specifically designed to distinctly map these mechanisms in a Schottky barrier photodiode featuring a molybdenum disulfide and gold (MoS2-Au) interface. We uncover a significant PTE-dominated region extending several hundred nanometers from the electrode edge, a characteristic facilitated by the weak electrostatic forces typical in 2D materials. Unexpectedly, we find that incorporating hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), known for its high thermal conductivity, markedly enhances the PTE response. This counterintuitive enhancement stems from an optimal overlap between thermal and Seebeck profiles, presenting a new pathway to boost device performance. Our findings highlight the capability of this imaging technique to not only advance optoelectronic applications but also to deepen our understanding of light-matter interactions within low-dimensional systems. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Van der Waals forces

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Co Metal ALD on Cu with Cyclic Clean by Peroxide and Hydrazine for Inverse Hybrid Metal Bonding

Co Metal ALD on Cu with Cyclic Clean by Peroxide and Hydrazi...

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Technology, Systems and Applications (VLSI-TSA/VLSI-DAT), International VLSI Symposium on

作者： Cheng-Hsuan Kuo Dipayan Pal Victor Wang Madison Manley Rohan Sahay Ravindra Kanjolia Mansour Moinpour Jacob Woodruff Bakir Muhannad Jeff Spiegelman Andrew C. Kummel Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California San Diego Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California San Diego Georgia Institute of Technology EMD Electronics Rasirc

ISBN: (数字)9798350360349

ISBN: (纸本)9798350360356

To meet the demands of data-intensive applications such as artificial intelligence (AI) and high-performance computing (HPC), there is a need for tighter integration to minimize electrical interconnect delays and energy [1] . Typical I/O pitches for μ-bumps range from hundreds of microns to $\sim 50\mu \mathrm{m}$ for conventional flip chip bonding therefore limiting the number of I/O's. When scaling down solder-based μ-bumps, adjacent interconnects could be shorted during the bonding process. As a result, the investigation of new bonding techniques has become more and more popular. The feasibility of a 3D bonding technology for ultra-dense input/output (I/O) interconnects using cobalt selective atomic layer deposition (Co ALD) was explored with a preliminary testbed [2] .

关键词： Micrometers Three-dimensional displays Limiting High performance computing Very large scale integration Delays Flip-chip devices

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A Comprehensive Review on plant and animal fiber reinforced composites: Experimental and theoretical approaches to interfacial strength optimization and potential applications

Hybrid Advances

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Hybrid Advances 2025年 10卷

作者： Olanrewaju, Olajesu Oladele, Isiaka Oluwole Adelani, Samson Oluwagbenga Department of Materials Science and Engineering Iowa State University Ames IA United States Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Federal University of Technology PMB Akure 704 Nigeria Centre for Nanomechanics and Tribocorrosion School of Metallurgy Chemical and Mining Engineering University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder 80303 CO United States

Natural fiber-reinforced composites (NFRCs) have become vital in various engineering applications due to their exceptional properties and ease of manufacturing. Properties such as lightweight, sustainability, design flexibility, microstructure, durability, and advanced fabrication techniques have expanded their use across industries. Also, NFRCs are preferred because the extensive reliance on synthetic fibers presents significant challenges in recycling and waste management. Despite their excellent properties, NFRCs have three main challenges: fiber degradation, water degradation, and weak interfacial strength (incompatibility of fibers with the matrix). Consequently, research efforts have been directed at combating these challenges using different surface treatment techniques. However, research has been skewed towards experimental approaches for improving the interfacial strength in plant fiber polymer matrix composites (PMCs). Hence, there exists a dearth of information on the computational approaches for optimizing the interfacial properties of NFRCs. Hence, this review provides experimental and computational approaches (machine learning) for comprehensive optimizing strategies for different natural fibers (plant, animal, and microorganism) and matrices (polymers, metals, and ceramics). This review also highlights the importance of theoretical approaches and numerical modeling in analyzing and optimizing NFRCs. Finally, the review highlights recent advancements in NFRCs, their mechanical properties, potential applications, and future directions. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Animal fiber Interfacial shear strength Machine-learning Natural fiber-reinforced composites Plant fiber

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Imaging atomic-scale chemistry from fused multi-modal electron microscopy

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npj Computational materials 2022年第1期8卷 164-171页

作者： Jonathan Schwartz Zichao Wendy Di Yi Jiang Alyssa J.Fielitz Don-Hyung Ha Sanjaya D.Perera Ismail El Baggari Richard D.Robinson Jeffrey A.Fessler Colin Ophus Steve Rozeveld Robert Hovden Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Mathematics and Computer Science Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontILUSA Advanced Photon Source Facility Argonne National LaboratoryLemontILUSA Dow Chemical Co. MidlandMIUSA Department of Material Science and Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA School of Integrative Engineering Chung-Ang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Physics Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA The Rowland Institute at Harvard CambridgeMAUSA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA National Center for Electron Microscopy Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryMolecular FoundryBerkeleyCAUSA Applied Physics Program University of MIchiganAnn ArborMIUnited States

Efforts to map atomic-scale chemistry at low doses with minimal noise using electron microscopes are fundamentally limited by inelastic ***,fused multi-modal electron microscopy offers high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)recovery of material chemistry at nano-and atomic-resolution by coupling correlated information encoded within both elastic scattering(high-angle annular dark-field(HAADF))and inelastic spectroscopic signals(electron energy loss(EELS)or energy-dispersive x-ray(EDX)).By linking these simultaneously acquired signals,or modalities,the chemical distribution within nanomaterials can be imaged at significantly lower doses with existing detector *** many cases,the dose requirements can be reduced by over one order of *** high SNR recovery of chemistry is tested against simulated and experimental atomic resolution data of heterogeneous nanomaterials.

关键词： materials chemistry fused

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Mechanical Analysis of Lithium-Ion Batteries Via Acoustic Impedance Spectroscopy

ACS Electrochemistry

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ACS Electrochemistry 2025年第4期1卷 516-522页

作者： Charles Soulen Stewart Sherrit Erik Brandon Ping Liu Program of Materials Science and Engineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla California 92093 United States Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology 4800 Oak Grove Drive Pasadena California 91109 United States Program of Materials Science and Engineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla California 92093 United States；Aiiso Yufeng Li Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla California 92093 United States

The mechanical properties of lithium-ion batteries (LIB) are closely related to their state-of-charge (SOC) and state-of-health (SOH). Here, we introduce an in-operando acoustic technique based on acoustic impedance spectroscopy (AIS) which probes the mechanical changes that occur in the LIB during operation. Using thin, inexpensive piezoelectric resonators and widely available impedance analyzers, we can identify the acoustic resonances of commercial LIBs by measuring the complex electrical impedance of the resonator. In-operando AIS shows that these resonances are dependent on the bulk mechanical properties of the LIB, which change reversibly as the cell is cycled. We show that this technique can provide substantial information on both the SOC and SOH of a commercial LIB.

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Recent advances in natural fiber reinforced metal/ceramic/polymer composites: An overview of the structure-property relationship for engineering applications

Hybrid Advances

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Hybrid Advances 2025年 8卷

Advances in the material science world drive the birth of a new generation of sustainable materials. Natural fiber (NFs) biocomposites are emerging as valuable alternatives to conventional materials for engineering applications such as construction, automobiles, and aerospace due to their exceptional mechanical properties, lightweight, low carbon footprint, energy efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. These outstanding properties have made them more desirable for engineering applications. However, the focus has been on lignocellulosic fibers, neglecting other sources, such as keratinous, fibrinous, and microorganism fibers. Only a few reviews have considered the structure-property relationship of all classes of natural fibers, such as lignocellulosic (plant), keratinous and fibrinous (animal), and microorganism (mycelium) fibers. Although NFs have outstanding potential from an economic, technical, environmental, and green credentials perspective, they have limitations, such as fiber-matrix incompatibility and moisture damage. These limitations make using NFs as reinforcement for different material systems challenging. Surface alterations are usually necessary to improve the adherence between fiber and matrix. With the upgrade, NFs have the potential as sustainable replacement for conventional materials for engineering applications. Future research should aim at reconciling the mechanical properties of NFs to improve composite quality and fiber-matrix adherence and performance. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Biocomposites Fibrinous Keratinous Lignocellulosic Microorganism Natural fiber

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Growth, optimization and high-temperature performance of GeO2/Ga2O3 MOSCAPs

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Manikanthababu, N. Karmakar, Subrata Shiam, Ishtiaq Firoz Emu, Injamamul Hoque Haque, Ariful Droopad, Ravi Electrical Engineering Ingram School of Engineering Texas State University San MarcosTX78666 United States Materials Science Engineering & Commercialization Program Texas State University San MarcosTX78666 United States

In this study, GeO2 thinfilms were grown by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique on β-Ga2O3, (―201) single crystal substrates to fabricate metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors (MOSCAPs), and test these devices at high temperatures. The GeO2 thinfilms with bandgap of 5.11 eV are amorphous in nature, confirmed by X-ray diffraction, and the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirms the formation of GeO2. The Ge 3d deconvoluted peak at 32.4 eV confirms the GeO2 bonding, with an additional peak found at 30.9 eV resembling a small portion of GeO2-x. The Au/GeO2/Ga2O3 MOSCAPs were fabricated to test the high-temperature performance up to 300 oC. The I–V graphs showed an increase in the reverse leakage current by 3.9×104 A (nearly four orders of magnitude) as the temperature raised from room temperature (RT) to 300 oC. Since the GeO2-x presence, the current conduction mechanism of Poole-Frenkel emission was utilized to get the trap level of 0.8 V (below the conduction band of GeO2) with an activation energy of 0.55 eV. C–V measurements also show a significant contribution of defects in the flat-band voltage shift and the change of the slopes. This indicates an increase in the oxide and interface-trapped charges. The density of oxide-trapped charges (DO) increased from 3.9×1012 cm-2 to 1.3×1013 cm-2, as the temperature reached 300 oC. Similarly, the density of interface-trapped charges (DI) increased from 3.4×1012 cm-2 at RT to 1.1×1013 cm-2 at 300 oC. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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