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Research Square 2024年

作者： Lian, Bin Li, Huaizhi Guo, Jianhe Fan, Donglei Emma Materials Science and Engineering Program Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas AustinTX78712 United States Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Chandra Family Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States

It is intrinsically difficult to detect low-concentration biomolecules with both ultra-sensitivity and high speed for early-stage disease diagnosis. The challenge originates from the small size of nanosensors, which enables ultra-sensitivity biosensing, while also substantially increases the detection time of dilute molecules. in this work, we report an original optoelectric sensing scheme, along with an innovative device design and a strategic fabrication approach to overcome such a challenge in biosensing. The proposed scheme exploits the profound optoelectric effect of semiconductor silicon nanowires, which can readily enrich trace-amounts of biomolecules at the point of laser and simultaneously detect Raman signals of focused molecules. The device design includes large arrays of silicon nanorods with electrodes integrated at their roots, and surface-distributed dense plasmonic silver nanoparticles for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection. Operating at only -0.8 V in an electrochemical cell, these optoelectric nanosensors readily achieve a 150-fold signal enhancement, improving the detection limit of probing molecules, adenine, by five orders of magnitude, to 0.6 fM. The enhancement effect is robust, observed across concentrations from 1 μM to 1 fM. The working mechanism is general, not only for detecting small molecules, such as adenine, but also for large charged molecules, such as Vertebrate DNA. The underlying novel mechanism is unraveled by multiscale numerical simulations and calculations. This research, addressing an arduous bottleneck issues in nanobiosensing, is expected to inspire a new class of biochemical sensors, important for the practical detection of trace-amount biochemicals in solution, important for clinic relevant early-stage disease diagnostics. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Nanorods

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Development of a novel quality control indicator for coffee roasting based on the digitalization of smell by a portable electronic nose

Development of a novel quality control indicator for coffee ...

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International Joint Conference on Computer science and Software engineering (JCSSE)

作者： Varanya Somaudon Pathapee Sakuldee Teerakiat Kerdcharoen Faculty of Science Materials Science and Engineering Program Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand School of Science Material Engineering Mae Fah Luang University Chiang rai Thailand Department of Physics Faculty of Science Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand

Northern Thailand is home to several Arabica coffee-growing regions, including Mae-kampong, Teentok, Mae-lord, and Monngo Valleys, whose coffees are featured throughout this study. These coffees have distinct aromas and flavors due to their varied cultivation locations, which are influenced by unique climatic conditions. The purpose of this paper is to comprehend the aroma of coffees brought from various locations and roasted under the same conditions. Our lab-made electronic nose (e-nose) was used to digitalize and analyze the smell of coffee. In order to monitor the coffee scent throughout roasting and assess how similar the aromas of coffee samples taken from various locations are to one another, principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis were used. It was found that our e-nose system is an effective tool for determining the geo-location of the coffee origin as well as for quality control of coffee production.

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Increased corrosion resistance of steel substrates coated with epoxy resin/ZnO/Fe 2 O 3 obtained from electric arc furnace dust recovery

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Journal of materials Research and Technology 2025年 36卷 9462-9472页

作者： Mário Andrean Macedo Castro Tanara Caroline Nunes Nicácio Antonio Carlos do Nascimento Santos José Eudes Lima Santos Luis David Loor-Urgilés Antonio Eduardo Martinelli Fabiana Villela da Motta Mauricio Bomio LSQM–Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis of Materials Department of Materials Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN P.O. Box 1524 Natal RN Brazil Institute of Chemistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte 59078-970 Natal RN Brazil Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte 59078-900 Natal RN Brazil

The sustainable management of metal-rich industrial wastes, such as electric arc furnace dust (EAFD), remains a critical challenge for the steel industry. Although previous studies have investigated metal recovery routes and their application in functional materials, few have explored the reuse of these wastes as active components in anticorrosive coatings. This work proposes an innovative approach for valorizing EAFD, recovering iron (Fe 2 O 3 ) and zinc (ZnO) oxides through acid leaching, basic precipitation, and heat treatment. After recovery, mixed ZnO/Fe 2 O 3 oxides were prepared in different proportions and incorporated as nanofillers in an epoxy matrix, creating a hybrid coating aimed at protecting carbon steel against corrosion. The obtained materials were characterized by XRF, XRD, FTIR, SEM, and BET analysis, while the mechanical and anticorrosive properties were evaluated by Vickers hardness tests, Potentiodynamic Polarization and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. After 240 h of immersion in saline solution and 360 h of Salt-spray test, the coating with the highest Fe 2 O 3 content demonstrated superior performance, reducing the corrosion rate by up to 100 times and increasing the load transfer resistance by up to 80 times. The contribution of this study lies in both the proposal of a new cycle for reusing steel waste and in demonstrating a viable route for developing high-performance anticorrosive coatings with potential for industrial application in sectors such as oil and gas. The combination of waste recovery and functional improvement of the material positions this study as a technologically and environmentally relevant solution.

关键词： EAFD ZnO Fe 2 O 3 Epoxy resin Anti-corrosive coatings

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Nonsaturated large magnetoresistance and transport dynamics in a n-doped cryogenic WSe2 field-effect device

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Physical Review B 2025年第12期111卷 125307-125307页

作者： Wei-Chen Lin Ching-Chen Yeh Jia-Zhu Zou Nhat Anh Nguyen Phan Inayat Uddin Hai Yen Le Thi Kenji Watanabe Takashi Taniguchi Gil-Ho Kim Department of Engineering and System Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 300 Taiwan Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei 106 Taiwan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) Suwon 164 Republic of Korea Sungkyunkwan Advanced Institute of Nano Technology (SAINT) Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) Suwon 16419 Republic of Korea Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba 305-0044 Japan Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba 305-0044 Japan

Interest in the two-dimensional (2D) semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) continues to intensify, driven by their suitable band gaps to supplant silicon as next-generation semiconductor materials. Among various TMDs, tungsten diselenide (WSe2) is renowned for its superior electrical properties in carrier density and mobility under ambient conditions. Despite its notable attributes, the behavior of monolayer WSe2 in the electron-doped regime under cryogenic conditions remains largely uncharted, particularly concerning its magnetotransport properties. In this study, we reveal the transport mechanisms of monolayer WSe2 from high temperatures down to the cryogenic regime. As evident by Efros–Shklovskii variable-range hopping (E-S VRH) in the cryogenic regime, strong Coulomb interactions arise between electrons. Above 8 K, an uncommon nonsaturated quadratic large magnetoresistance (MR) can be explained by the wave-function shrinkage model, which is consistent with the E-S VRH transport mechanism. Notably, the nonsaturated quadratic large MR shows a magnitude up to 1740% at 13 T. These findings underscore the potential applications for monolayer WSe2 in cryogenic field-effect devices, magnetic sensors, and memory devices and mark a significant advance in magnetotransport research.

关键词： Monolayers

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Subtractive processing of thick silicon nitride waveguide resonators: a comparison of soft and hard etch templates 25

Subtractive processing of thick silicon nitride waveguide re...

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Laser Resonators, Microresonators, and Beam Control XXV 2023

作者： Colacion, Gabriel M. Rukh, Lala Stone, Brandon Drake, Tara E. Optical Science & Engineering Program Center for High Technology Materials University of New Mexico 1313 Goddard SE AlbuquerqueNM87106 United States Dept. of Physics & Astronomy University of New Mexico 210 Yale Blvd NE AlbuquerqueNM87106 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510659193

Chip-based photonic microresonators are attractive for a multitude of applications owing to their small form factors and compatibility with photonic integration and standard CMOS fabrication. Within the last decade, the ring resonator geometry has gained widespread adoption in the application of optical frequency comb generation. However, these devices often require waveguides several hundreds of nanometers thick, posing a challenge for subtractive fabrication processes where the desired pattern must be chemically etched with the use of a protective "mask" pattern. Here, we demonstrate two procedures for subtractive processing of thick SiN waveguides based on both a polymer-based "soft" photoresist mask and a chromium metallic "hard" mask as etch templates. Optical characterization of our devices fabricated with both soft mask and hard mask techniques demonstrate quality factors of 320k ± 100k and 500k ± 180k., respectively. Furthermore, this work details two reliable pathways for achieving high quality optical microring resonators and illustrates the benefits and drawbacks of these two techniques. © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： Silicon nitride

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Machine learning of microstructure–property relationships in materials with robust features from foundational vision transformers

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Whitman, Sheila E. Latypov, Marat I. Graduate Interdisciplinary Program in Applied Mathematics University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States

Machine learning of microstructure–property relationships from data is an emerging approach in computational materials science. Most existing machine learning efforts focus on the development of task-specific models for each microstructure–property relationship. We propose utilizing pre-trained foundational vision transformers for the extraction of task-agnostic microstructure features and subsequent light-weight machine learning of a microstructure-dependent property. We demonstrate our approach with pre-trained state-of-the-art vision transformers (CLIP, DINOV2, SAM) in two case studies on machine-learning: (i) elastic modulus of two-phase microstructures based on simulations data;and (ii) Vicker’s hardness of Ni-base and Co-base superalloys based on experimental data published in literature. Our results show the potential of foundational vision transformers for robust microstructure representation and efficient machine learning of microstructure–property relationships without the need for expensive task-specific training or fine-tuning of bespoke deep learning models. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Elastic moduli

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An ultra thin,bright,and sensitive interactive tactile display based on organic mechanoluminescence for dual-mode handwriting identification

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InfoMat 2024年第6期6卷 76-87页

作者： Tingting Hou Wenlang Li Haoyu Wang Yuantian Zheng Chaojie Chen Haoran Zhang Kai Chen Huilin Xie Xin Li Shaoshuai He Siwei Zhang Dengfeng Peng Cheng Yang Jacky W.Y.Lam Ben Zhong Tang Yunlong Zi Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kongthe People's Republic of China Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and Institute for Advanced StudyThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kongthe People's Republic of China Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province College of Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhenthe People's Republic of China Thrust of Sustainable Energy and Environment The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou)Guangzhouthe People's Republic of China The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Interdisciplinary Program Office Hong Kong SARthe People's Republic of China Institute of Materials Research Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhenthe People's Republic of China School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and TechnologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongShenzhenthe People's Republic of China HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute Shenzhenthe People's Republic of China Guangzhou HKUST Fok Ying Tung Research Institute Guangzhouthe People's Republic of China

Visible light-based human–machine interactive media is capable of transmitting electrical readouts to machines and providing intuitive feedback to users ***,many inorganic mechanoluminescent(ML)materials-based interactive media,typically ZnS-loaded phosphors(ZLPs),have been successfully ***,organic ML materials-based solutions were rarely exploited despite their huge merits of strong structural modification,abundant luminescence property,low cost,easy preparation,and so ***,we propose a novel interactive tactile display(ITD)based on organic ML materials(Cz-A6-dye)and triboelectric nanogenerator,with ultra-brightness(130%enhancement)and ultra-low threshold pressure(57%reduction)as compared to *** proposed ITD achieves the conversion of weak mechanical stimuli into visible light and electrical signals simultaneously,without extra power ***,the relationship between the luminous performance of organic ML materials and mechanical force is quantified,benefiting from the uniform ML layer *** by convolutional neural networks,the high-accuracy recognition(97.1%)for handwriting and identity of users is realized at the same ***,the ITD has great potential for intelligent wearable electronics and classified military applications.

关键词： interactive media organic mechanoluminescence triboelectric nanogenerators

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Injectable citrate-based polyurethane-urea as a tug-of-war-inspired bioactive self-expansive and planar-fixing screw augmented bone-tendon healing

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Bioactive materials 2024年第11期41卷 108-126页

作者： Meihan Tao Zhou Fang Yuting Zhu Yan Ju Zhiguo Hou Meimei Fu Zhihui Lu Daozhang Cai Jian Yang Jinshan Guo Department of Orthopedic Surgery Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Joint Degeneration DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510630PR China Department of Histology and Embryology NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of CosmeticsSchool of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou510515PR China Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Repair Material Research Center Huangpu Institute of MaterialsGuangzhou New Materials Science CenterChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences88 Yonglong Avenue of Xinlong TownGuangzhou511363PR China Research Center for Industries of the Future Biomedical Engineering ProgramSchool of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhouZhejiang310030PR China CAS Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and its Composite Materials Changchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences5625 Renmin StreetChangchun130022PR China

Inspired by tug-of-war,a game-changing bone-tendon fixation paradigm was ***,injectable citrate-based bioactive self-expansive and planar-fixing screw(iCSP-Scr)consisting of reactive isocyanate(NCO)terminalized citrate-based polyurethane,proanthocyanidin modified hydroxyapatite(HAp)and water(with/without porogen)was developed and administrated in the bone-tendon *** of the“point to point”tendon fixation by traditional interface screws,along with the moisture-induced crosslinking and expansion of iCSP-Scr within the confined space of the irregularly shaped bone-tendon gap,the tendon graft was evenly squeezed into the bone tunnel in a“surface to surface”manner to realize strong and stable bone-tendon fixation via physical expansion,mechanical interlocking and chemical bonding(between–NCO and the–NH2,–SH groups on bone matrix).The optimized iCSP-Scr exhibited rapid crosslinking,moderate expansion rate,high porosity after crosslinking,as well as tunable elasticity and *** iCSP-Scr possessed favorable biodegradability,biocompatibility,and osteoinductivity derived from citrate,PC and HAp,it was able to promote osteogenesis and new bone growth inward of bone tunnel thus further enhanced the bone/iCSP-Scr mechanical interlock,ultimately leading to stronger tendon fixation(pull-out force 106.15±23.15 N)comparing to titanium screws(93.76±17.89 N)after 14 weeks’ACL reconstruction in a rabbit *** iCSP-Scr not only can be used as a self-expansive screw facilitating bone-tendon healing,but also can be expanded into other osteogenic application scenarios.

关键词： Polyurethane Injectable Self-expansive Planar-fixing Citrate

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Effect of Zr-deoxidation on microstructure and mechanical behavior of microalloyed heavy plates with low impurity content

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2021年第2期28卷 190-200页

作者： Cheng-yang Hu Hang-yu Dong Kai-ming Wu R.D.K.Misra Lei Zhong Xing Jin Qiang Li Laboratory for Excellence in Advanced Steel Research Materials Science and Engineering ProgramDepartment of MetallurgicalMaterials and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Texas at El PasoEl Paso 79968TXUSA The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy International Research Institute for Steel TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center for Advanced SteelsWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina Research Institute of Nanjing Iron and Steel Co. Ltd.Nanjing 210035JiangsuChina

The significance of different deoxidation practises on the ductility and impact toughness of next generation of microalloyed heavy plates was elucidated to explore the best deoxidation practice in obtaining required mechanical properties,which was judged by the combined effects of composition,size and number density of inclusions on the ductility of the experimental high-strength low alloy *** impurity contents,i.e.,total O+N+S contents,of 82×10^(-6)(Al-killed)and 118×10^(-6)(Zr-killed)have been induced to characterize both the *** was characterized using tensile and Charpy V-notch *** number,size and composition of the inclusions were characterized using a field emission scanning electron microscope with an energy dispersive *** the Al-killed steel,the inclusion structure consisted of titanium nitrides,stringer calcium aluminates and elongated manganese sulfides,whereas in the Zr-killed steel,the inclusion structure consisted of mainly fine spherical oxide inclusions with sulphide *** impurity content did not have a significant effect on the number density of inclusions,as with higher and lower impurity content,the number of inclusions was 83.7 and 78.8 mm^(-2),***,the size distribution of the inclusions,especially the coarse inclusions with their longest length greater than 8μm,differsmuch from each *** number density of coarse inclusions differs from 0.8 to 1.1 mm^(-2) with processing,and in Al-killed steel,55.5% of the coarse inclusions were titanium nitrides or manganese sulfides,whereas in Zr-killed steel,only 22.5% of the coarse inclusions were titanium nitrides and manganese *** titanium nitrides were especially detrimental to the impact *** number density of them should be below 0.33 mm-2 in order to guarantee the best possible toughness in the steel in *** average crystallographic grain size detected by electron backscattered diffraction of Zr-killed steel(4

关键词： Microalloyed heavy plate Zr-killed technology Inclusion modification Mechanical property

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First-principles investigation of elastic, vibrational, and thermodynamic properties of kagome metals CsM3Te5 (M = Ti, Zr, Hf)

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Physical Review materials 2024年第12期8卷 126201-126201页

作者： Yifan Wei Arjyama Bordoloi Chaon-En (Aaron) Chuang Sobhit Singh Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Rochester Rochester New York 14627 USA Materials Science Program University of Rochester Rochester New York 14627 USA Center for Coherence and Quantum Optics University of Rochester Rochester NY 14627 USA

Kagome metals are a unique class of quantum materials characterized by their distinct atomic lattice arrangement, featuring interlocking triangles and expansive hexagonal voids. These lattice structures impart exotic properties, including superconductivity, interaction-driven topological many-body phenomena, and magnetism, among others. The kagome metal CsM3Te5 (where M = Ti, Zr, or Hf) exhibits both superconductivity and nontrivial topological electronic properties, offering a promising platform for exploring topological superconductivity. This study employs first-principles density functional theory calculations to systematically analyze the elastic, mechanical, vibrational, thermodynamic, and electronic properties of CsM3Te5 (M = Ti, Zr, Hf). Our calculations reveal that the studied compounds—CsTi3Te5, CsZr3Te5, and CsHf3Te5—are ductile metals with elastic properties akin to the hexagonal Bi and Sb, with average elastic constants, including a bulk modulus of 27 GPa, a shear modulus of 11 GPa, and Young's modulus of 29 GPa. We observe peculiar dispersionless, flat, phonon branches in the vibrational spectra of these metals. Additionally, we thoroughly analyze the symmetries of the zone-center phonon eigenvectors and predict vibrational fingerprints of the Raman- and infrared-active phonon modes. The analysis of thermodynamic properties reveals the Einstein temperature for CsTi3Te5, CsZr3Te5, and CsHf3Te5 to be 66, 54, and 53 K, respectively. Our orbital-decomposed electronic structure calculations reveal significant in-plane steric interactions and multiple Dirac band crossings near the Fermi level. We further investigate the role of spin-orbit coupling effect on the studied properties. This theoretical investigation sheds light on the intriguing quantum behavior of kagome metals.

关键词： Spin orbit coupling

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