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programmable mechanical properties of additively manufactured novel steel

International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2025年第1期7卷 338-355页

作者： Jinlong Su Qian Li Jie Teng Fern Lan Ng Zheling Shen Min Hao Goh Fulin Jiang Swee Leong Sing Tao Yang Chaolin Tan Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology(SIMTech) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A∗STAR)Singapore 636732Singapore College of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082People’s Republic of China Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative Region of ChinaPeople’s Republic of China School of Materials Science&Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016People’s Republic of China Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117575Singapore

Tailoring thermal history during additive manufacturing(AM)offers a feasible approach to customise the microstructure and properties of materials without changing alloy compositions or post-heat treatment,which is generally overlooked as it is hard to achieve in commercial ***,a customised Fe-Ni-Ti-Al maraging steel with rapid precipitation kinetics offers the opportunity to leverage thermal history during AM for achieving large-range tunable strength-ductility *** Fe-Ni-Ti-Al steel was processed by laser-directed energy deposition(LDED)with different deposition strategies to tailor the thermal *** the phase transformation and in-situ formation of multi-scale secondary phases of the Fe-Ni-Ti-Al steel are sensitive to the thermal histories,the deposited steel achieved a large range of tuneable mechanical ***,the interlayer paused deposited sample exhibits superior tensile strength(∼1.54 GPa)and moderate elongation(∼8.1%),which is attributed to the formation of unique hierarchical structures and the in-situ precipitation of high-densityη-Ni_(3)(Ti,Al)during *** contrast,the substrate heating deposited sample has an excellent elongation of 19.3%together with a high tensile strength of 1.24 *** achievable mechanical property range via tailoring thermal history in the LDED-built Fe-Ni-Ti-Al steel is significantly larger than most commercial *** findings highlight the material customisation along with AM’s unique thermal history to achieve versatile mechanical performances of deposited materials,which could inspire more property or function manipulations of materials by AM process control or innovation.

关键词： additive manufacturing directed energy deposition thermal history control microstructure control mechanical property programming materials customisation in-situ precipitation

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Air-Sintering of Dual-Ligand Capped Copper Nanoparticles for High-Temperature Interconnect Applications

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cMat 2025年第1期2卷 26-38页

作者： Yu-Ji Zheng Jun-Jie Yuan Qing-Hua Li Zhe-Fei Sun Heng-Hui Wang Xiang Wu Ti-Xun Li Zi-Yu Zhou Shi-Yu Xia Jin-Tang Li Hui-Jun Cao Wen-Zhi Cai Jonghwan Suhr Zhi-Hao Zhang Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Department of Materials Science and EngineeringCollege of MaterialsXiamen UniversityXiamenChina School of Transportation Engineering Xiamen City UniversityXiamenChina Department of Polymer Science and Engineering School of Mechanical EngineeringSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonSouth Korea

Copper nanoparticles(CuNPs)have promising applications in energy storage,sensing,and chip manufacturing because of their excellent properties and low ***,oxidation limits their sinterability and performance at high ***,dual-ligand CuNPs with oleylamine and ethylenediamine were synthesized and *** results confirm that the dual-ligand structure facilitated the continuous release of reducing NH2 groups and formed a stable inert H_(2)O/CO_(2)atmosphere,effectively suppressing the oxidation of CuNPs during air *** bidentate ethylenediamine ligands further enhanced the oxidation resistance of sintered structures at elevated *** optimized CuNPs could achieve ultralow resistivity:6.91μΩcm at 300℃and 4.99μΩcm at 350℃,and exhibit high-temperature oxidation resistance comparable to bulk *** utilized in conjunction with flexible capacitive pressure sensors,the optimized CuNP sintered electrodes exhibited notable sensing stability,retaining robust signals for 100 cycles even at 350℃.The findings underscore the great potential of dual-ligand CuNPs for high-temperature antioxidant applications.

关键词： air sintering Cu nanoparticle flexible sensor high-temperature antioxidant

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Enhanced performance of monocrystalline silicon solar cells using sol-gel synthesized zinc stannate anti-reflective coating via electro-spraying technique

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Ceramics International 2025年第8期51卷 10899-10912页

作者： Mostafa, Ayman M. Velu Kaliyannan, Gobinath Gunasekaran, Raja El-Tayeb, Zaynb Rao, Subha Krishna Al-Ahmadi, Ameenah N. Darwish, A.A.A. Younes, Ayman A.O. Elsharkawy, Wafaa B. Palaniappan, Sathish Kumar Department of Physics College of Science Qassim University P.O. Box 6644 Almolaydah Buraydah51452 Saudi Arabia Department of Mechatronics Engineering Kongu Engineering College Perundurai Tamil Nadu Erode638060 India Department of Mechanical Engineering Velalar College of Engineering and Technology Tamil Nadu Erode638012 India Department of Physics Faculty of Science Taibah University Yanbu46423 Saudi Arabia Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology International Research Centre Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology Tamil Nadu Chennai600119 India Department of Physics College of Sciences Umm Al-Qura University Makkah24382 Saudi Arabia Advanced Materials Research Laboratory Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Tabuk Tabuk71491 Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry College of Science University of Bisha Bisha 61922 Saudi Arabia Pysics Department College of Science and Humanities Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Alkharj11942 Saudi Arabia Natural Composites Research Group Lab Department of Materials and Production Engineering The Sirindhorn International Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok Bangsue Bangkok10800 Thailand

The current situation necessitates advancements in renewable energy to serve as a viable alternative to traditional energy sources. The photovoltaic cells can entirely change the need for fossil fuels since they can transform light energy into electrical energy. The reflection loss in photovoltaic cells is a contributing factor to reduced power conversion efficiency that could be mitigated by using antireflective coatings on the surface of the solar cells. This study examines the deposition of zinc stannate (ZnSnO3) as an efficient antireflective material to improve light capturing capability and it is synthesized by sol-gel method. The electro spraying method was employed to deposit the ZnSnO3 layers on photovoltaic cells. The ZnSnO3 AR material was uniformly distributed on the solar substrate at 2 ml/h for 1 h (Z1), 2 h (Z2), 3 h (Z3) and 4 h (Z4) respectively. The impact of ZnSnO3 ARC on the structural, electrical, absorbance, reflectance characteristics and temperature variation in monocrystalline silicon (m-Si) solar cells was examined. The optical properties were determined by UV–visible spectroscopy technique. At a wavelength (300–800 nm), the ZnSnO3 coated for 3 h (Z3 specimen) exhibited highest absorbance of 92.65 % and the lowest electrical resistivity of 3.69 × 10−3 Ω-cm. When compared with bare and various ZnSnO3 coated cells, Z3 specimen showed a significant impact on solar cell efficiency. In direct solar radiation and stimulated light, the Z3 specimen achieved the maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.16 % and 25.11 %. The findings indicated that ZnSnO3 could be a suitable AR coating material for reducing incoming photon reflection. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Antireflection coatings

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Comparison of Advanced Sample Preparation Techniques for High-Resolution Imaging of Sponge Spicule Cross-Sections

Comparison of Advanced Sample Preparation Techniques for Hig...

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Symposium on Natural Fibers and Biocomposites: A Sustainable Solution, 2025, held as part of the TMS Annual Meeting and Exhibition, TMS 2025

作者： Tavangarian, Fariborz Fani, Niloofar Monfared, Armaghan Hashemi Sadeghzade, Sorour Mechanical Engineering Program School of Science Engineering and Technology Pennsylvania State University Harrisburg MiddletownPA17057 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Pennsylvania State University State College University ParkPA16802 United States School of Engineering Westlake University Hangzhou310024 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031811890

This study comprehensively investigates the effectiveness of three advanced sample preparation techniques—ion milling, laser cuttingLaser-based techniques, and Focused Ion Beam (FIB) milling—for high-resolution imaging of Euplectella aspergillum sponge fibers called spicules. Primarily composed of silica layers with nanometer-scale organic interlayers, spicules possess complex hierarchical structures which are critical for their mechanical propertiesmechanical property. Accurate characterizationCharacterization of these structures requires advanced sample preparation to prevent artefacts and preserve structural integrity. Ion milling introduced significant surface degradation and uneven material removal in spicules. Despite its precision, laser cutting caused thermal damage and induced micro-cracks, compromising the microstructural integrity. In contrast, FIB milling provided superior results, producing smooth, artefact-free cross-sections with minimal thermal and mechanical stress. The real-time imaging capability of FIB milling further ensured optimal sample preparation, making it the most suitable technique for delicate biological materials like spicules. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the preparation of biological samples for further research and analysis. © The Minerals, Metals & materials Society 2025.

关键词： Milling (machining)

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Design Study Evaluating Impact of Gap Loss on Nanocrystalline Inductor Cores with Experimental Validation

Design Study Evaluating Impact of Gap Loss on Nanocrystallin...

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Annual IEEE Conference on Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC)

作者： Maurice Sturdivant Brandon Grainger Christopher Bracken Paul Ohodnicki Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Pittsburgh Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science University of Pittsburgh

ISBN: (数字)9798331516116

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516123

As electric vehicle (EV) technology matures, the need for compact and efficient power electronics will continue to grow. To increase power density and efficiency, it is ideal to minimize the size and power loss of components, including inductors. A standard inductor design technique is placing an air gap in the magnetic core, allowing designers to tune the inductance and allow higher levels of magnetic field without saturation. The inclusion of gaps can increase the total magnetic core loss beyond those predicted by common models such as the Steinmetz equation, creating the need for accurate gap loss models. In this study, the losses of a nanocrystalline inductor core are experimentally measured and compared to an existing gap loss model, showing significant agreement with predicted values. The model was then integrated into a multi-objective optimization framework to evaluate the fitness of nanocrystalline cores against ferrite cores at different switching frequencies. This work finds that gap losses can increase the total loss of nanocrystalline inductors by up to an order of magnitude as frequency increases, implying that consideration of gap losses is vital to selecting the appropriate core material for design applications.

关键词： Ferrites Power system measurements Magnetic cores Core loss Predictive models Loss measurement Mathematical models Power electronics Inductors Optimization

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Assessing Circular Economy in Photovoltaics: Life-Cycle Perspective of Material Recovery, Reuse, and Remanufacturing 8th

Assessing Circular Economy in Photovoltaics: Life-Cycle Pers...

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8th installment of the REWAS conference series held at the TMS Annual Meeting and Exhibition focuses on circular economy for the energy transition, 2025

作者： Kahanavitage Don, Kirula Shata, Sahar He, Haoyang Schoenung, Julie M. J. Mike Walker ’66 Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX77843 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX77843 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783031808913

The solar energy industryIndustryisCircular economy one of the fastest growing industriesIndustry in the world. The industryIndustry faces significant challenges due to a lack of effective end-of-life (EOL) managementEnd-of-life management strategies to address the surging volume of EOL photovoltaicPhotovoltaics (PV) modules. Using life-cycle assessment (LCALife-Cycle Assessment (LCA)), the goal of this study is to evaluate the environmental impactEnvironmental impact of various crystalline silicon PV modules, accounting for different designs and materials used, and assess three end-of-life scenarios: material recoveryRecovery, reuse, and remanufacturing. Promoting circularityCircularity can significantly reduce the environmental impactEnvironmental impact of the PV module through the entire life cycle. This study offers a promising strategy to tackle the challenges and facilitate the sustainable development of the solar industryIndustry. © The Minerals, Metals & materials Society 2025.

关键词： Circular economy

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Selection of wear-resistant materials and implementation framework for remanufacturing ground exploring tools (GETs) for coal mining applications: case-study of continuous miner cutter (CMC’s) components

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Journal of Remanufacturing 2025年 1-65页

作者： Akintunde, I.B. Lindsay, E.E. Olakanmi, Eyitayo O. Prasad, R.V.S. Matshediso, B.I. Motimedi, T. Botes, A. Pityana, S.L. Department of Mechanical Energy & Industrial Engineering Botswana International University of Science & Technology Palapye Botswana UNESCO Chair On Sustainable Manufacturing & Innovation Technologies (UCoSMIT) Team Botswana International University of Science & Technology Palapye Botswana Advanced Manufacturing & Engineering Education (AMEE) Research Group Botswana International University of Science & Technology Palapye Botswana Department of Chemical Materials & Metallurgical Engineering Botswana International University of Science & Technology Palapye Botswana Department of Mining & Geological Engineering Botswana International University of Science & Technology Palapye Botswana Centre for Mining & Mineral Beneficiation Botswana International University of Science & Technology Palapye Botswana Morupule Coal Mines Palapye Botswana Materials & Metallurgical Engineering Department Federal University of Technology Minna Minna Nigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering Nelson Mandela University Port-Elizabeth South Africa Laser-Enabled Manufacturing Research Group Council for Scientific & Industrial Research Pretoria South Africa

Ground exploring tools (GETs), used in coal mining industries, encounter severe failure due to their continuous pressing and scratching against the coal seam embedded with hard bands and impurities. Failure of GETs lead to direct cost expenditure due to replacement of worn-out components;besides, significant indirect cost resulting from machine downtime when they are removed, and new ones are reinstalled. Mining businesses replace worn GETs with new parts at an exorbitant cost at a great risk to their sustainability. Replacement goes against the ethos of the circular economy (CE) philosophy which aims at ensuring highest value of resource utilisation while eliminating waste by improving the design of materials, products, and systems. A critical analysis of the approaches of CE for restoring damaged GETs reveals remanufacturing is the best option to adopt to keep GETs in good working conditions. Meanwhile, there is scanty literature to guide remanufacturing practitioners on materials selection and framework for implementing remanufacturing of damaged GETs. This review addresses this challenge by identifying appropriate wear-resistant materials and the most economically feasible remanufacturing technology which restores the performance of GET’s components to at least as new upon remanufacturing. Using the components of continuous miner (CM) as a case study, the operating environments in which GETs function are described to gain insight into the modes of failure encountered. Information gathered from the operation environments of the GETs and their failure modes assisted in selecting appropriate wear-resistant materials. Techno-economic analysis of the remanufacturing of various modes of failure of the components of GETs was carried out to ascertain the economic feasibility of remanufacturing various failure modes. Future perspectives of failure analysis, material selection, and framework for implementing remanufacturing of various failure modes (based on severity of d

关键词： Ground exploring tools (GETs) mechanical properties Microstructure Process development Remanufacturing Wear-resistant material

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Tensile creep mechanisms of laser powder bed fused WE43 alloy with heterogeneous microstructure: Evolution in dislocations and precipitates

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Journal of materials science and Technology 2025年 238卷 209-229页

作者： Ji, Chen Li, Kun Liao, Ruobing Li, Zice Yin, Bangzhao Wen, Peng Jiang, Bin Murr, Lawrence E. Pan, Fusheng State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission for Advanced Equipment Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China Chongqing Key Laboratory of High-performance Structural Additive Manufacturing Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China W.M. Keck Center for 3D Innovation University of Texas at El Paso El PasoTX79968 United States

The complex non-equilibrium solidification effects of the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) combined with the high solubility of rare-earth (RE) elements, provide a new advanced powder metallurgy process for Mg RE alloys with outstanding mechanical performances. However, its creep mechanism has not been revealed yet. The present study systematically investigates and evaluates the high-temperature creep mechanism of LPBFed WE43 alloy under varying temperatures and applied stress conditions. In addition, it thoroughly elucidates the interactions and evolution mechanisms between precipitates and dislocations during the creep process. Subject to residual stresses and thermal cycling, the β phase is formed in the form of "precipitation chains" (PCs) within the grains. The metastable phases β″, β′, and β1 in-situ precipitate between the PCs. The creep resistance of the (LPBFed) WE43 alloy is governed by the evolution of precipitates and their interactions with dislocations during the creep. Under creep conditions at 200 °C, a large number of 〈c + a〉 and 〈a〉 dislocations undergo climb and cross-slip behaviors within the grains. During the climb and cross-slip of dislocations, the Orowan strengthening effect of β″, the cutting mechanisms of β′ and β1 phases relative to dislocations, and the dislocation barriers formed by the β phase arrays collectively impart excellent creep resistance to the WE43 alloy. As creep time progresses, dislocations accumulate within the grains, and the β and β1 phases promote the formation of subgrain boundaries, further triggering discontinuous dynamic recrystallization behaviors during the creep process. Furthermore, influenced by the directional diffusion of elements, precipitates dynamically form around the grain boundaries of recrystallized grains, thereby enhancing the resistance to grain boundary sliding. When the creep temperature increases to 250 °C or 300 °C, a large number of 〈c + a〉 dislocations, accompanied by the dissolution of metasta

关键词： Metastable phases

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Bigger isn't Better: Fundamental Differences in Flow Regime Development from Rotating Pipe

Bigger isn't Better: Fundamental Differences in Flow Regime ...

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2025 SPE/IADC International Drilling Conference and Exhibition, DC 2025

作者： Rathgber, D.C. Johnson, E.L. Anderson, R. Lucon, P. Todd, B.J. Downey, J. Richards, L. Petroleum Engineering Department Montana Technological University ButteMT United States Mechanical & Industrial Engineering Department Montana State University BozemanMT United States Chemical & Biological Engineering Department Montana State University BozemanMT United States Mechanical Engineering Department Montana Technological University ButteMT United States Metallurigcal & Materials Science Department Montana Technological University ButteMT United States Exxonmobil BelgradeMT United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781959025641

Operators often look to use drill pipe rotation to increase hole cleaning effectiveness in horizontal and high-angle sections of wellbores. However, the effect of drill pipe rotation on cuttings transport is dependent on a range of factors, from fluid rheology and density, rotation rate, hole diameter, and pipe diameter. To identify cause and effect of these parameters, several multiphase flow simulations were performed to identify possible changes in flow regimes that would affect cuttings transport efficiency. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software was utilized to develop and simulate a range of single - phase and multiphase flow models replicating a range of typical high-angle tangent and production sections. Wellbore diameters ranged from 8 ½" to 12 =", and drill pipe diameters ranged from 4 ½" to 6 5/8", with rotation rates ranging from 0 to 150 RPM at 30 RPM increments. In order to observe the effect of fluid rheology, 2 field-sampled muds were modeled - a low density water-based mud and a medium density oil-based mud. Cross-sectional data including velocity, effective viscosity, and turbulent kinetic energy, were analyzed from single-phase models for changes in flow patterns, and models that showed significant differences at adjacent RPM increments were selected for multiphase model runs to determine if changes had an observable effect on cuttings movement. Data from simulation results indicate linear increases in velocity in connection to pipe rotation rates. However, marginal differences between different hole or pipe diameter sizes were recorded. Distinct differences between effective viscosity profiles were observed when comparing larger diameter wellbores with smaller wellbores, with sudden increases in bulk viscosity at high RPM in 12 =" hole. At high RPM (120+), large wellbores show a sudden decrease in both Reynolds and Taylor numbers, indication a sudden change in flow regime cause by high rotation rates. This trend differs from smaller wellbore

关键词： Drill pipe

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Zero Thermal Expansion Metamaterial Designs for Space Structures

Zero Thermal Expansion Metamaterial Designs for Space Struct...

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AIAA science and Technology Forum and Exposition, AIAA SciTech Forum 2025

作者： Lu, Wei-Chun Oudghiri-Idrissi, Othman Poli, Andrea Arruda, Ellen M. Tol, Serife Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Michigan 2350 Hayward St Ann ArborMI48109 United States Fariborz Maseeh Department of Civil Architectural and Environmental Engineering The University of Texas at Austin 301 E. Dean Keeton St AustinTX78712 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program University of Michigan 2350 Hayward St Ann ArborMI48109 United States

ISBN: (数字)9781624107238

ISBN: (纸本)9781624107238

The precision of space structures is sensitive to high-temperature variation during on-orbit operations. This work develops zero thermal expansion (ZTE) metamaterials that can be integrated into space structures to restrict large thermal deformation under precision requirements. The proposed bi-material ZTE metamaterial beams show extremely low coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) for a wide temperature variation. Static and dynamic analyses are conducted on the designed metamaterials for performance evaluation. The proposed ZTE beam elements are integrated into a 48-meter rib of a space RF antenna to enhance its thermal precision over a wide temperature range. Further, experimental validation of the ZTE truss beam design is conducted in a thermal chamber to demonstrate its low thermal deformation compared to a reference aluminum truss beam. © 2025, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.

关键词： Trusses

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