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AIAA science and Technology Forum and Exposition, AIAA SciTech Forum 2025

作者： Cabral, Myrella Vieira Harris, Wesley L. Dowell, Earl H. Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University DurhamNC27708 United States

ISBN: (数字)9781624107238

ISBN: (纸本)9781624107238

This study investigates clamped-free-clamped-free (CFCF) compliant aluminum alloy panels under hypersonic flow conditions. The goal is to enhance the understanding of Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) by computationally simulating approximate experimental conditions of the FSI experiments performed at the University of Southern Queensland at Mach 5.85. A key objective is to understand the impact of the physical parameters, such as freestream temperature and pressure, angle of attack, and aerodynamic heating on the FSI response. The findings are expected to refine the range of critical conditions for Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis and inform upcoming FSI experiments in hypersonic flow. © 2025, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics

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Combustion Profile of Bio-pellet Produced from Sawdust Using Wet Torrefaction Method with Various Concentrations of Acetic Acid 4

Combustion Profile of Bio-pellet Produced from Sawdust Using...

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4th International Symposium on Advances and Innovation in mechanical engineering, ISAIME 2023

作者： Pertiwi, Indah Ayu Muhammad Abubakar Setiawan, Adi Iskandar, Rizky Magister Program in Renewable Energy Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikusssaleh Jalan Batam Bukit Indah Lhokseumawe24352 Indonesia Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikussaleh Kampus Bukit Indah Muara Satu Lhokseumawe24352 Indonesia Mechanical Engineering Vocational Education Study Program Faculty of Teaching and Educational Science Universitas Malikussaleh Cot Teungku Nie Reuleut Muara Batu Aceh Utara24355 Indonesia Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikusssaleh Jalan Batam Bukit Indah Lhokseumawe24352 Indonesia

Sawdust is one of the industrial wastes which naturally contains low energy density. An effective method is needed to utilize this biomass as a solid fuel product. This work aimed to investigate the physical and combustion properties of bio-pellets produced from sawdust under the wet torrefaction method. To prepare sawdust bio-pellet a number of steps were carried out including the wet torrefaction process, dough preparation, pelletizing, and drying. Wet torrefaction was performed by hydrothermally treating the sample in an autoclave at a temperature of 130°C and pressure of 2 atm (g) for 80 minutes. For the hydrothermal process, the used acetic acid solution was varied with variations of 1.3 M, 1.8 M, and 2.3 M. Properties of the product were analyzed under proximate and bomb calorimetry analyses. To evaluate the combustion properties a purposely built test apparatus was developed equipped with a data logger system. Based on the results it can be observed that increases in torrefaction temperature and acetic acid concentration resulted in an increase in the calorific value as well as decreases in the ash content. The highest calorific value was 4745 kcal/kg obtained from sawdust torrefied in acetic acid with a concentration of 2.3 M at a temperature of 130?. This sample also exhibits the lowest ash content which is only 1.97%. The combustion test disclosed a maximum combustion temperature of 589? with a burning rate of 0.711 g/min. Overall, the wet torrefaction applied in this investigation was beneficially enhanced the properties of bio-pellet products. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sawdust

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Enhanced corrosion resistance of calcium carbonate coatings on magnesium alloy via simple stearic acid treatment

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2025年第4期13卷 1602-1616页

作者： Wang, Tianxiao Li, Panpan Guo, Yunting Xu, Yingchao Kou, Wen Li, Guangyu Lian, Jianshe Department of Odontology Umeå University Umeå90737 Sweden Key Lab of Bionic Engineering Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun130022 China College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Northeast Forestry University Harbin150042 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Vehicle Integration and Control China FAW Group Co. LTD Changchun130013 China Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials Ministry of Education College of Materials Science and Engineering Jilin University Changchun130025 China

Magnesium alloy is a promising biodegradable metal material for hard tissue engineering. However, its high corrosion rate limits its application. In our previous study, we biomimetically deposited a calcium carbonate coating on the surface of magnesium alloy using siloxane induction. This calcium carbonate coating demonstrated excellent in vitro biocompatibility and provided partial protection for the magnesium alloy substrate. In this study, we further enhanced the corrosion resistance of the calcium carbonate coating by treating it with stearic acid and its derivative, sodium stearate. Electrochemical corrosion tests revealed that the sodium stearate-treated calcium carbonate coating reduced the corrosion rate by two orders of magnitude. Additionally, in vitro biocompatibility assessments showed that while the biocompatibility of the sodium stearate-treated coating was slightly reduced, it remained acceptable compared to the magnesium substrate. This study builds on our previous work and offers a promising reinforcement strategy for degradable magnesium alloys in medical applications. © 2025

关键词： Corrosion resistant coatings

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Nonlinear asymmetric thermomechanical buckling of shallow nanoscale arches having dissimilar end conditions embracing nonlocality and strain gradient size dependencies

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Defence Technology 2025年 47卷 67-82页

作者： Sahmani, Saeid Kotrasova, Kamila Zareichian, Mona Sun, Jian Safaei, Babak Department of Civil Engineering School of Science and Technology The University of Georgia Tbilisi0171 Georgia Center for Advanced Materials and Structures School of Science and Technology The University of Georgia Tbilisi0171 Georgia Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering 145 Anam-ro Seongbuk-gu Seoul 02841 Korea Republic of Department of Structural Mechanics Institute of Structural Engineering and Transportation Structures Faculty of Civil Engineering Technical University of Kosice Vysokoskolska 4 Kosice04200 Slovakia Yangzhou Polytechnic Institute Jiangsu Yangzhou225127 China Department of Mechanical Engineering Eastern Mediterranean University North Cyprus via Mersin 10 Famagusta Turkey UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences and Nanotechnology College of Graduate Studies University of South Africa Muckleneuk Ridge PO Box 392 Pretoria South Africa

The undercurrent research survey explores the roles of nonlocality and strain gradient size dependencies in nonlinear asymmetric buckling of shallow nanoscale arches having dissimilar end conditions through a numerical analysis. The arches, made from a functionally graded graphene nanofiller reinforced composite (FG-GNRC), are subjected to discretional radial concentrated loads along with converting of temperature. To account for the size dependencies, the exploration is carried out stemming from the nonlocal strain gradient theory (NSGT) in the sense of a quasi-2D parabolic shear flexible concept of curved beam. The material properties of the contemplated FG-GNRC sandwich are determined using the modified Halpin-Tsai micromechanics model. Subsequently, an extended isogeometric analysis (XIGA) is manipulated comprising insertion plus multiplication of knots to achieve the demanded lower continuity allocated to the integration between flexural and tangential reflexes. It is perceived that the both softening and stiffening concomitants assigned to the salient concentrated radial loads obtained by the developed NSGT-based XIGA diminish from the first upper limit to the second one, and then likewise from the first lower limit to the second one. Although, by becoming the upsurge in temperature higher, these softening and stiffening concomitants get more remarkable. © 2025 China Ordnance Society

关键词： Arches

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Kinematic decomposition of volumetric particle tracking velocimetry data

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Experiments in Fluids 2025年第6期66卷 1-11页

作者： Fenelon, Michael R. Zhang, Yang Schmid, Peter J. Cattafesta, Louis N. Department of Mechanical Materials and Aerospace Engineering Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago USA Department of Mechanical Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia

This paper describes a comprehensive kinematic decomposition of unstructured Lagrangian data from volumetric particle tracking velocimetry measurements. The method uses particle location data at an arbitrary time t and calculates linear affine mappings at a later time $$t+{\text{d}}t$$ . The transformation produces the full velocity gradient tensor, which can then be further analyzed to identify the four types of fluid motion (i.e., translation, rotation, dilatation, and shear) without using spatial derivatives. The methodology provides insights into the underlying kinematics and facilitates the identification of coherent structures using, for example, the Q-criterion, within the flow without resorting to numerical differentiation or data assimilation methods. The method is first validated using analytical solutions and direct numerical simulations and then applied to experimental subsonic jet measurements. The method’s accuracy is discussed, and leading-order error sources are presented.

关键词： Numerical methods

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Prediction of mechanical Properties of Polymer Concretes Under 3-Point Bending Loading Using Artificial Neural Networks

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Mechanics of Composite materials 2025年第2期61卷 439-454页

作者： Bouchelaghem, Hafida Boumediri, Haithem Bezazi, Abderrezak del Pino, Gilberto Ellagoune, Salah Scarpa, Fabrizio Reis, P.N.B. Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology University of Mentouri brothers Constantine Algeria Laboratory of Applied Mechanics of New Materials LMANM University 08 May 1945 Guelma Guelma Algeria Department of Mechanical Engineering State University of Amazonas Manaus69850-020 Brazil Bristol Composites Institute University of Bristol BristolBS8 1TR United Kingdom University of Coimbra CEMMPRE ARISE Department of Mechanical Engineering Coimbra3030-788 Portugal

The bending response of a polyester resin reinforced by marble powder, silica, and sand grains was analyzed. For this purpose, 18 formulations (F1-F18) of polymer concrete (PC) composite specimens were prepared in a special mold according to ASTM C580-02. A model using artificial neural networks (ANN) was also proposed to predict the combinations of each constituent that lead to maximizing the mechanical properties of PCs. The results showed that all formulations of PCs involving 20 wt% resin have higher mechanical performance than those containing 14 wt% resin. PCs containing 20% resin, 10% sand, 30% silica, and 40% marble powder (F11) and 20% resin, 20% sand, 10% silica, and 50% marble powder (F13) have the highest bending stress (25.69 MPa) and bending modulus (14.63 GPa), respectively. On the other hand, the highest bending strain (0.37%) is obtained for F7 containing 14% resin, 30% sand, 10% silica, and 46% marble powder. Finally, it can be concluded that marble powder can replace silica, but there is a limit value beyond which the mechanical properties of PCs are greatly affected. © Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Polymer concrete

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Colloquium: materials that exceed classical thermodynamic bounds on properties

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Reviews of Modern Physics 2025年第2期97卷 021002-021002页

作者： Roderic S. Lakes Department of Materials Science Department of Engineering Physics and Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Wisconsin 1500 Engineering Drive Madison Wisconsin 53706-1687 USA

Bounds on properties are useful in guiding design of heterogeneous materials and in understanding the distinction between effects that are physically reasonable and those that are not. Several bounds on physical properties can be exceeded by an appropriate choice of material. The reason is that the “proofs” of bounds contain either unstated assumptions about the material or assumptions that are couched in language that appears to be that of incontrovertible mathematics but that actually entails assumptions about the material. If those assumptions are relaxed, limits or bounds can be exceeded, as is demonstrated by analysis and experiments. For example, heat capacity, compressibility, electrical capacitance, and refractive index can be negative. Thermal expansion in composites can be larger or smaller than that of any constituent and can be negative. materials and systems are known that are non-Hermitian or nonreciprocal. Currently, active fields of endeavor have arisen from such conceptual sources. Research efforts have led to the development of new materials and new classes of materials.

关键词： Thermal expansion

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Regulation of Electrostatic Shielding Effect by 18-Crown-6 Ether for Achieving Stable Deposition of Potassium Metal Anodes

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ACS Energy Letters 2025年第5期10卷 2543-2552页

作者： Kang, Hyokyeong Park, Hyeona Rizell, Josef Matic, Aleksandar Xiong, Shizhao Kim, Dongkyu Shin, Hyeyoung Liu, Yangyang Xu, Xieyu Sun, Yang-Kook Hwang, Jang-Yeon Department of Energy Engineering Hanyang University Seoul04763 Korea Republic of Department of Physics Chalmers University of Technology SE Göteborg412 96 Sweden Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming650093 China Chungnam National University Daejeon34134 Korea Republic of State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an710049 China Department of Battery Engineering Hanyang University Seoul04763 Korea Republic of

Potassium (K) metal stands out as a promising anode material for rechargeable K batteries, due to its low redox potential and high capacity. However, K-metal anodes suffer from interfacial instability in polar organic electrolytes alongside uncontrolled dendrite growth during electrodeposition. Herein, we propose an innovative approach for improving the stability of K-metal anodes. This involves incorporating 4 wt % of 18-crown-6 (18C6) as an additive in a carbonate-based electrolyte solution comprising 0.5 M potassium hexafluorophosphate dissolved in ethylene carbonate/diethyl carbonate. The key of this strategy is that 18C6 coordinates K+ into the cavity, forming a robust K+-18C6 complex. This complex exhibits higher reductive stability compared to other ion-solvent complexes in the electrolyte. During the plating reaction, this unique feature induces an electrostatic shielding effect, altering the transition of the K-deposition behavior from self-amplification to self-flattening. Consequently, it forms a stable solid electrolyte interphase, resulting in dendrite-free electrodeposition of K. © 2025 American Chemical Society.

关键词： Redox reactions

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Enhanced Conductivity of Multilayer Copper-Carbon Nanofilms via Plasma Immersion Deposition

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第6期17卷 112-127页

作者： Haotian Weng Xiwu Zhang Xuan Liu Yunhui Tang Hewei Yuan Yang Xu Kun Li Xiaolu Huang Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication of Ministry of Education Research Institute of Micro/Nano Science and TechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240People’s Republic of China Jinduo Yuchen Water Environment Engineering Co. LtdShanghai 200030People’s Republic of China Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306People’s Republic of China Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124People’s Republic of China

Although room-temperature superconductivity is still difficult to achieve,researching materials with electrical conductivity significantly higher than that of copper will be of great importance in improving energy efficiency,reducing costs,lightening equipment weight,and enhancing overall ***,this study presents a novel copper-carbon nanofilm composite with enhanced conductivity which has great applications in the electronic devices and electrical *** copper-carbon nanofilms and interfaces with superior electronic structures are formed based on copper materials using plasma immersion nanocarbon layer deposition technology,effectively enhancing *** results show that for a five-layer copper-carbon nanofilm composite,the conductivity improves significantly when the thickness of the carbon nanofilm *** the carbon nanofilm accounts for 16%of the total thickness,the overall conductivity increases up to 30.20%compared to pure *** mechanism of the enhanced conductivity is analyzed including roles of copper atom adsorption sites and electron migration pathways by applying effective medium theory,first-principles calculations and density of states *** an applied electric field,the high-density electrons in the copper film can migrate into the nanocarbon film,forming highly efficient electron transport channels,which significantly enhance the material’s ***,large-area electrode coating equipment is developed based on this study,providing the novel and robust strategy to enhance the conductivity of copper materials,which enables industrial application of copper-carbon nanocomposite films in the field of high conductivity materials.

关键词： Copper-carbon nanofilms Plasma immersion Carbon layer deposition Electron mobility

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Corrosive wear behavior of a new medium manganese steel compared to 316L stainless steel in 3.5% NaCl solution

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Surface science and Technology 2025年第1期3卷 1-15页

作者： Li, Shilin Guan, Kunpeng Huang, Xingmin Wang, Fengtao Ji, Xiulin Department of Mechanical Engineering Shantou University Shantou China School of Materials Science & Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu China

Applying metals without passivation ability in corrosive environments presents a significant challenge. Medium manganese steel (MMS), a widely used wear-resistant metal, had been investigated for its tribocorrosion behavior following critical annealing at different temperatures, with potential applications in seawater. Notably, the new MMS alloy, designated as 5MnAl, demonstrates superior corrosive wear resistance compared to 316L stainless steel (SS) in a 3.5% NaCl solution, with an average wear rate reduction ranging from 69.3% to 93.9% and lower friction coefficients under 10–60 N load. Specifically, the corrosive wear rate of 316L SS is more than 16 times higher than that of 750 °C annealed 5MnAl under an applied load of 60 N. Additionally, corrosion-induced wear volume loss (Vcw) typically accounts for more than half of the total volume loss. The corrosive wear rate of 5MnAl can be significantly reduced by applying a cathodic protection potential of -1.2 V. Consequently, due to its outstanding resistance to mechanical wear, metals without passivation ability may offer superior prospects for use in friction components in seawater environments compared to 316L SS.

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