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Advancements in Manganese-Based Cathodes for Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries: Challenges and Optimization Strategies

cMat 2025年第1期2卷 39-61页

作者： Zheng-Chu Zhang Yong-Biao Mu Li-Juan Xiao Xi-Yan Wei Mei-Sheng Han Chao Yang Li-Min Zang Lin Zeng Jian-Hui Qiu Department of Machine Intelligence and Systems Engineering Faculty of Systems Science and TechnologyAkita Prefectural UniversityYurihonjoJapan Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomedical Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringGuilin University of TechnologyGuilinChina Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenChina

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have emerged as a promising energy storage solution due to their eco-friendly aqueous electrolytes,high theoretical capacity of zinc anodes,and abundant global zinc *** the reported cathode materials,manganese-based cathodes are widely used in AZIBs due to their high theoretical capacity and low ***,practical applications of manganese-based cathodes face several challenges,including structural instability,low electrical conductivity,and slow diffusion *** review begins by exploring the crystalline structures of manganese-based compounds commonly used in AZIBs,systematically analyzing their reaction ***,it examines the main challenges currently encountered by manganese-based compounds in *** these challenges,this review summarizes cor-responding optimization strategies,providing valuable references and insights for the development and application of manganese-based cathodes in AZIBs.

关键词： aqueous zinc-ion batteries crystalline structure analysis manganese-based cathodes optimization strategy storage mechanism

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Effects of grain orientation and confinement on dynamic compressive behavior of highly oriented MAX phase Ta2AlC

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Mechanics of materials 2025年 207卷

作者： Zhao, Xingyuan ElMeligy, Tarek Aly Sokol, Maxim Barsoum, Michel W. Lamberson, Leslie Department of Mechanical Engineering Colorado School of Mines GoldenCO80401 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD21218 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Drexel University PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering The British University in Egypt Cairo11837 Egypt Department of Materials Science and Engineering Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv69978 Israel

MAX phases are unique ternary carbides and nitrides that bridge the gap between metals and ceramics. Specifically, Ta2AlC, the MAX phase with the highest bulk modulus, offers a unique combination of metallic and ceramic properties, making it particularly well-suited for extreme applications. Fully dense, coarse-grained, and textured Ta2AlC was fabricated in bulk, achieving a global grain orientation along the c-axis with an orientation factor of 0.63. The uniaxial quasi-static and dynamic, and biaxial dynamic response was evaluated parallel () and perpendicular (⊥) to the c-axis. The average dynamic strength in ⊥ c-axis orientation was 824 ± 39 MPa, 19 % higher than the uniaxial quasi-static compressive strength of 690 ± 55 MPa in the same orientation. The biaxial dynamic strength in this orientation, when applying a moderate 80 MPa planar confinement along basal planes (⊥ c-axis) had the highest average compressive strength of 1097 ± 72 MPa. Scanning electron microscopy fractography indicates a consistent fracture mechanism within the grain orientation across different strain rates under uniaxial loading. During biaxial loading, crack propagation was delayed, with qualitative indications of shear band formation. Concurrently, both the quantity and mode of kink band formation appeared to increase, leading to an overall enhancement in final strength. The link between macroscopic failure behavior captured from ultra-high-speed imaging and microscopic fractography is discussed. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Compressive strength

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A Biostatistical and Analytical Model for the in vitro Monitoring of Tissue Growth Correlated to Biochemical Signals 18th

A Biostatistical and Analytical Model for the in vitro Monit...

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18th International Conference on Interdisciplinarity in engineering, INTER-ENG 2024

作者： Portan, Diana V. Moica, Sorina Koliadima, Athanasia Kapolos, John Papanicolaou, George C. Gligor, Adrian Department of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics University of Patras Patras265 04 Greece George Emil Palade University of Medicine Pharmacy Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș Gh. Marinescu 38 Târgu Mureș540142 Romania Department of Chemical Engineering Section of Materials Science and Technology University of Patras Patras265 04 Greece Department of Food Science and Technology University of the Peloponnese Antikalamos Kalamata24100 Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9783031816840

Modern science combines computerized tools with laboratory research and in vivo models to obtain advanced biomedical products for the improvement of human health. This multidisciplinary endeavor requires knowledge in several fields. In the present study, a model is proposed to monitor the in vitro tissue growth, starting from 2D development of adherent cell cultures. Firstly, cell culture development in the in vitro environment is described, based on biological and biochemical cues. The in vitro formation of an extracellular matrix is a chemical guided phenomenon. The main parameters influencing the cell culture faith are the initial cell number, and the micro-environment characteristics. The main monitoring steps involve the imaging of the cells on the substrates, the measurement of cells main dimensions, their length and width, and the application of the biostatistical model. The incidence of specific dimensions indicates the cell category with respect to cell type, age or well-being. The proposed model is further developed for the use in evaluation of cellular growth, for application in in vitro tissue engineering. This combination of computational, statistical and laboratory investigations are extremely important to reduce the trial-and-error methods and select the most appropriate conditions for the synthesis of innovative bioactive materials. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Cell engineering

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Tuning the structural and optical properties of SnO2 nanocrystals through flow conditions in a continuous flow microreactor

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Journal of Industrial and engineering Chemistry 2025年

作者： Periyasamy, Muthaimanoj Saha, Sumit Kumar Balamurugan, Vasanth Sengupta, Utsav Sain, Sumanta Pichandi, Chandrasekar Sudharsan Natteri, M. Kar, Arik Department of Mining Engineering Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology Shibpur Howrah711 103 India Department of Mechanical Engineering Rajalakshmi Engineering College Tamil Nadu Chennai602105 India Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology Shibpur Howrah711 103 India Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology Shibpur Howrah711 103 India School of Materials Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science Jadavpur Kolkata700 032 India

This study explores the continuous flow synthesis of SnO2 nanoparticles using helical-coil microreactors (HCMR), focusing on how flow rate variations influence particle size and properties. The influence of hydrodynamic parameters on the degree of crystallinity, lattice parameters, and optical properties was thoroughly investigated employing X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV–visible (UV–Vis) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. XRD/Rietveld analysis revealed that as the flow rate increased from 0.25 to 1.0 ml/min, the crystallinity of the nanoparticles enhanced. At a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min, the synthesized product exhibited a phase-pure tetragonal SnO2 crystal structure, with an average particle size of 1.8 nm. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) micrographs confirmed the crystalline SnO2 nanocrystal formation under high flow rates, indicating a notable impact of the flow rates on crystallinity and particle size. Optical studies revealed a red shift in absorption edge and band gap energy alongside decreased PL intensity, suggesting quantum confinement effects. Furthermore, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were used to observe general flow behavior within the HCMR, supporting the experimental findings. These results demonstrate that flow dynamics influence SnO2 nanocrystal properties and provide a foundation for optimizing continuous-flow synthesis for applications in optoelectronics, photocatalysis, and sensing technologies. © 2025 The Korean Society of Industrial and engineering Chemistry

关键词： Nanocrystals

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mechanical Properties of Laser Powder Bed Fusion Processed IN718: Taguchi Optimisation and Analysis of Experimental Results

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Lasers in Manufacturing and materials Processing 2025年 1-23页

作者： Reddy, Kurre Prasanth Kumar Rao, Boggarapu Nageswara Sharma, Kartikey Kumar, Ravi Ranjan Murty, S. V. S. Narayana Department of Mechanical Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Deemed to be University Green Fields Vaddeswaram Guntur522502 India Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology Thiruvananthapuram695547 India Materials and Manufacturing Entity Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre Thiruvananthapuram695547 India

This research investigates the effect of process parameters, orientation, and heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF)-processed Inconel alloy IN718. The study show that the process parameters such as Laser power – LP(W), scanning speed – SS(mm/s), hatch spacing – HS(mm), powder bed thickness – PBT(mm), orientation and heat treatment significantly influence the microstructure, and mechanical properties – viz., elongation (%el), yield strength (YS), ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of the IN 718 alloy. The study identifies optimal process parameters using a modified Taguchi method and validates statistical consistency of repeated test data using Chauvenet’s criterion. The optimal process parameters—laser power of 360 W and scanning speed of 960 mm/s—yielded enhanced mechanical properties in both as-printed (AP) and solution-treated and age-hardened (STA) conditions. The achieved mechanical properties in the as printed (AP): YS = 774 ± 96 MPa, UTS = 1140 ± 81, %el = 31 ± 10% and after solution treatment followed by age hardening (STA) properties improved to are: YS = 1286 ± 129 MPa, UTS = 1516 ± 130 MPa, %el = 21 ± 4%. These results demonstrate that LPBF-processed IN718 components can achieve superior mechanical performance compared to conventionally processed counterparts, making them highly suitable for aerospace and automotive applications. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Tensile strength

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Improving self-healing characteristics of polyurethane composite coatings by surface modification of polyaniline using dodecylamine

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engineering Failure Analysis 2025年 176卷

作者： Ahmad, Shoaib Nawaz, Muddasir Mohammad, Solaiman Al-Qahtani, Noora Kahraman, Ramazan Mansoor, Bilal Shakoor, R.A. Qatar University Doha2713 Qatar Materials Science & Technology Program College of Arts & Sciences Qatar University Doha2713 Qatar Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Qatar University Doha2713 Qatar Department of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering Qatar University Doha2713 Qatar Qatar University Doha2713 Qatar Department of Materials Science and Engineering Texas A&M University College Station United States

Corrosion is one of the most critical problems affecting the structural integrity of metals. Polymeric nanocomposite coatings reinforced with anti-corrosive pigments are currently being used to mitigate corrosion. This study involves the synthesis of polyaniline (PANI) nanoparticles and their modification with dodecylamine (DOC), which functions as a corrosion inhibitor. Polyurethane coatings (PU-PANI@DOC) were developed by incorporating modified nanoparticles (PANI@DOC) into the polyurethane matrix, and blank polyurethane coatings (PU-blank) were prepared without any nanoparticles. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Transmission electron microscopy, and Scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX) analysis confirmed the successful modification of dodecylamine (DOC) with the surface of polyaniline (PANI) nanoparticles. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and salt spray test (SST) revealed that the impedance values of the modified coating follow an inclined trend (1010 Ω.cm2) in comparison with PU-blank coatings (107 Ω.cm2) after the 14th day of immersion in 3.5 wt% NaCl. Moreover, the hydrophobic characteristics of PANI@DOC nanoparticles shift the contact angle from 60° to 90°, thus lowering the wettability nature of modified coatings. Overall, Polyurethane coatings (PU-PANI@DOC) exhibiting potential attributes such as barrier properties, hydrophobic nature, inhibition effect, and high compatibility with polyurethane matrix can be a suitable material for the development of smart self-healing coatings to protect the metals from the hostile effects of corrosion. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

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Distributionally Robust Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Dynamic Chute Mapping

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Liu, Guangyi Iloglu, Suzan Caldara, Michael Durham, Joseph W. Zavlanos, Michael M. Amazon Robotics United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University United States

In Amazon robotic warehouses, the destination-to-chute mapping problem is crucial for efficient package sorting. Often, however, this problem is complicated by uncertain and dynamic package induction rates, which can lead to increased package recirculation. To tackle this challenge, we introduce a Distributionally Robust Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (DRMARL) framework that learns a destination-to-chute mapping policy that is resilient to adversarial variations in induction rates. Specifically, DRMARL relies on group distributionally robust optimization (DRO) to learn a policy that performs well not only on average but also on each individual subpopulation of induction rates within the group that capture, for example, different seasonality or operation modes of the system. This approach is then combined with a novel contextual bandit-based predictor of the worst-case induction distribution for each state-action pair, significantly reducing the cost of exploration and thereby increasing the learning efficiency and scalability of our framework. Extensive simulations demonstrate that DRMARL achieves robust chute mapping in the presence of varying induction distributions, reducing package recirculation by an average of 80% in the simulation scenario. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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mechanically robust and stretchable organic solar cells plasticized by small-molecule acceptors

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science (New York, N.Y.) 2025年第6732期387卷 381-387页

作者： Wang, Zhenye Zhang, Di Yang, Lvpeng Allam, Omar Gao, Yerun Su, Yang Xu, Meichen Mo, Songmin Wu, Qinghe Wang, Zhi Liu, Junfeng He, Jiayi Li, Rui Jia, Xingwang Li, Zhilin Yang, Long Weber, Mark D. Yu, Yu Zhang, Xinliang Marks, Tobin J. Stingelin, Natalie Kacher, Josh Jang, Seung Soon Facchetti, Antonio Shao, Ming Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA United States Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA United States Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Shantou University Shantou Guangdong China Department of Chemistry Materials Research Center Northwestern University Evanston IL United States Trienens Center for Sustainability and Energy Northwestern University Evanston IL United States

Emerging wearable devices would benefit from integrating ductile photovoltaic light-harvesting power sources. In this work, we report a small-molecule acceptor (SMA), also known as a non-fullerene acceptor (NFA), designed for stretchable organic solar cell (s-OSC) blends with large mechanical compliance and performance. Blends of the organosilane-functionalized SMA BTP-Si4 with the polymer donor PNTB6-Cl achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of >16% and ultimate strain (εu) of >95%. Typical SMAs suppress OSC blend ductility, but the addition of BTP-Si4 enhances it. Although BTP-Si4 is less crystalline than other SMAs, it retains considerable electron mobility and is highly miscible with PNTB6-Cl and is essential for enhancing εu. Thus, s-OSCs with PCE > 14% and operating normally under various deformations (>80% PCE retention under an 80% strain) were demonstrated. Analysis of several SMA-polymer blends revealed general molecular structure-miscibility-stretchability relationships for designing ductile blends.

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Tuning the interfacial reaction environment via pH-dependent and induced ions to understand C–N bonds coupling performance in NO_(3)-integrated CO_(2)reduction to carbon and nitrogen compounds over dual Cu-based N-doped carbon catalyst

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 273-285页

作者： Tianhang Zhou Chen Shen Zhenghao Wu Xingying Lan Yi Xiao College of Carbon Neutrality Future Technology State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil ProcessingChina University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering and Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology University of Waterloo WaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada Institute of Materials Science TU DarmstadtDarmstadt 64287Germany Department of Chemistry Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123JiangsuChina

Dual atomic catalysts(DAC),particularly copper(Cu_(2))-based nitrogen(N)doped graphene,show great potential to effectively convert CO_(2)and nitrate(NO_(3)-)into important industrial chemicals such as ethylene,glycol,acetamide,and urea through an efficient catalytical process that involves C–C and C–N ***,the origin of the coupling activity remained unclear,which substantially hinders the rational design of Cu-based catalysts for the N-integrated CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR).To address this challenge,this work performed advanced density functional theory calculations incorporating explicit solvation based on a Cu_(2)-based N-doped carbon(Cu_(2)N_(6)C_(10))catalyst for CO_(2)*** calculations are aimed to gain insight into the reaction mechanisms for the synthesis of ethylene,acetamide,and urea via coupling in the interfacial reaction *** to the sluggishness of CO_(2),the formation of a solvation electric layer by anions(F^(-),Cl^(-),Br^(-),and I^(-))and cations(Na+,Mg^(2+),K+,and Ca^(2+))leads to electron transfer towards the Cu *** process significantly accelerates the reduction of CO_(2).These results reveal that*CO intermediates play a pivotal role in N-integrated CO_(2)***,the Cu_(2)-based N-doped carbon catalyst examined in this study has demonstrated the most potential for C–N coupling to *** findings reveal that through the process of a condensation reaction between*CO and NH_(2)OH for urea synthesis,*NO_(3)-is reduced to*NH_(3),and*CO_(2)to*CCO at dual Cu atom *** dual-site reduction facilitates the synthesis of acetamide through a nucleophilic reaction between NH_(3)and the ketene ***,we found that the I-and Mg^(2+)ions,influenced by pH,were highly effective for acetamide and ammonia synthesis,except when F-and Ca^(2+)were ***,the mechanisms of C–N bond formation were investigated via ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations,and we found that adjusti

关键词： pH-dependent micro-environments C-N coupling N-integrated CO_(2)RR Dual Cu-based nitrogen carbon catalysts Explicit solvation model lon stabilizer AIMD

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Experimental validation of cutting forces modeling in micromilling of Inconel 718 considering material heterogeneity and wear-induced tool edge rounding

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Journal of Manufacturing Processes 2025年 146卷 303-319页

作者： de Paiva Silva, Gabriel Gomes, Milla Caroline da Silva, Márcio Bacci Malcher, Lucival de Oliveira, Déborah École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers LAMPA 2 Bd du Ronceray Angers49035 France Campinas State University Department of Manufacturing Engineering and Materials Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz - Barão Geraldo SP Campinas13.083-970 Brazil Federal University of Uberlândia School of Mechanical Engineering Campus Santa Mônica MG Uberlândia38.408-100 Brazil University of Brasilia Mechanical Engineering Department Asa Norte DF Brasília70.910-900 Brazil Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Rua Dr. Roberto Frias Porto4200-465 Portugal

The process of chip formation in micromilling is fundamentally different from traditional machining in macro scale, because of the size effect. The workpiece cannot always be treated as homogeneous, since the small dimensions of the cutting-edge radius of a micromill can be in the same order of magnitude as the microstructure of the machined material. Microtools become rounded and rapidly lose their cutting capacity as a consequence of the high wear rates encountered in micromilling. In the present work, a numerical simulation of micromilling of Inconel 718 was performed, considering the heterogeneity of the workpiece material (homogeneous and heterogeneous assumptions) and the wear-induced increase in the cutting-edge radius of the microtool (edge radius 1 μm or 5 μm). Machining experiments were conducted to validate the simulation. The experiments consisted in fabricating microslots on a sample of Inconel 718 using a 400 μm diameter WC micromill coated with AlTiN. The cutting forces obtained from the numerical model were compared to those obtained from the experiments. The results showed a small variation between the experimental and numerical forces varying from 0.5 N to 1.0 N and from 0.2 N to 1.4 N, for experimental and numerical, respectively. The wear of the microtool, simulated by the larger edge radius, led to an increase in experimental forces, as expected. The simulated cutting forces, however, increased in 700 %. Finally, it was concluded that lower values of fz (0.5 μm and 1.0 μm) could not properly form chips on the simulations and resulted in plowing marks on the experiments, indicating that higher values (fz = 2.5 μm and 4.0 μm) might be above the minimum uncut chip thickness and are more adequate for the micromilling of Inconel 718. © 2025 The Society of Manufacturing Engineers

关键词： Cutting

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