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Finite Element Modeling of Springback Behavior for Aluminum 6000 Series Sheets Using Three-Point Bending Tests

International Journal of Automotive Technology 2025年 1-10页

作者： Bong, Hyuk Jong Lee, Jinwoo Lee, Myoung-Gyu Department of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology Gyeongsang National University Jinju52828 Korea Republic of School of Mechanical Engineering University of Ulsan Ulsan44610 Korea Republic of Department of Materials Science and Engineering and RIAM Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

The springback behavior of aluminum alloy (AA) 6061-T6 sheets during three-point bending was investigated through experimental and numerical methods. Finite element (FE) simulations were conducted using advanced material models, including the Yld2000-2d yield criterion, a Chaboche-type nonlinear kinematic hardening model, and a model for elastic modulus degradation, to improve prediction accuracy. mechanical properties were characterized through uniaxial tension and compression–tension tests, capturing critical behaviors such as the Bauschinger effect, transient hardening, and permanent softening. The FE simulations demonstrated strong agreement with experimental results, accurately predicting load–displacement and springback behavior for as-received and pre-strained samples. The isotropic hardening model over-estimated springback due to its inability to account for anisotropic hardening effects. In contrast, the Chaboche model successfully captured the anisotropic hardening and elastic recovery, leading to precise springback predictions. The findings underscore the importance of incorporating advanced material modeling approaches to enhance the accuracy of springback predictions in sheet metal forming. This study provides valuable insights for the design and manufacturing of lightweight and dimensionally accurate components, particularly in the automotive and aerospace industries. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Korean Society of Automotive Engineers 2025.

关键词： Bending tests

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Wear Mechanism and Electrochemical Properties of Different Interlayers on DLC Film Deposited by PECVD Technique

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Journal of Bio- and Tribo-Corrosion 2024年第2期10卷 1-12页

作者： Asadian, Keivan Samiee, Mohsen Mafi, Majid Department of Semiconductors Materials and Energy Research Center Karaj Iran Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Islamic Azad University Karaj Branch Karaj Iran Mechanical Engineering Department Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran Iran

This research is an attempt to coat diamond-like carbon (DLC) thin films on AISI 420 stainless steel substrate by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). The plasma nitriding process and the creation of a zirconium nitride (ZrN) layer were used to increase the adhesion of the coating to the substrate. Microstructural studies using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed that all the coatings contained no porosity and were completely dense so that the mean surface roughness (Ra) of the ZrN-DLC coating was 3.02 nm. The corrosion polarization test showed that applying the coatings improved the corrosion resistance i.e., the corrosion current density of the ZrN-DLC sample was 3.6 × 10–8 A/cm2, which was at least 1000 times better than that of the substrate. The samples contained DLC exhibited improved wear behavior than other samples. The plasma-nitrided DLC sample was the best in the wear test, so much so that the DLC in this sample was able to prevent the transfer to the abrasive mechanism. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Corrosion resistance

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Tertiary orientation structures enhance the piezoelectricity of MXene/PVDF nanocomposite

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5629-5635页

作者： Yong Ao Tao Yang Guo Tian Shenglong Wang Tianpei Xu Lin Deng Jieling Zhang Lihua Tang Weili Deng Long Jin Weiqing Yang Key Laboratory of Advanced Technologies of Materials(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringSouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of AucklandAuckland 1010New Zealand Research Institute of Frontier Science Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China

With the increasing demand for flexible piezoelectric sensor components,research on polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)based piezoelectric polymers is mounting ***,the low dipole polarization and disordered polarization direction presented in PVDF hinder further improvement of piezoelectric ***,we constructed an oriented tertiary structure,consisting of molecular chains,crystalline region,and MXene sheets,in MXene/PVDF nanocomposite via a temperature-pressure dual-field regulation *** highly oriented PVDF molecular chains form approximately 90%of theβ*** addition,the crystalline region structure with long-range orientation achieves out of plane polarization *** parallel orientation arrangement of MXene effectively enhances the piezoelectric performances of the nanocomposite,and the current output of the device increases by nearly 23 *** high output device is used to monitor exercise action,exploring the potential applications in wearable electronics.

关键词： flexible sensor piezoelectric MXene/polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)nanocomposite orientation structures

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Automating selective area electron diffraction phase identification using machine learning

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Journal of Materiomics 2024年第4期10卷 896-905页

作者： M.Mika N.Tomczak C.Finney J.Carter A.Aitkaliyeva Nuclear Engineering Program in Department of Materials Science University of Florida100 Rhines HallGainesville32611FLUSA Department of Materials Science&Engineering Case Western Reserve University2111 Martin Luther King Jr DrCleveland44106OHUSA

Selective area electron diffraction(SAED)patterns can provide valuable insight into the structure of a ***,the manual identification of collected patterns can be a significant bottleneck in the overall phase classification *** this work,we utilize the recent advances in computer vision and machine learning(ML)to automate the indexing of SAED *** performance of six different ML algorithms is demonstrated using metallic plutonium-zirconium *** most successful approach trained a neural network(NN)to make a classification of the phase and zone axis,and then utilized a second NN to synthesize multiple independent predictions of different tilts in a single sample to make an overall phase *** results demonstrate that automated SAED phase identification using ML is a viable route to accelerate materials characterization.

关键词： Selective area electron diffraction Machine learning Phase identification Metallic fuels Pu alloys

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Efficient predictions of formation energies and convex hulls from density functional tight binding calculations

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Journal of materials science & Technology 2023年第10期141卷 236-244页

作者： Anshuman Kumar Zulfikhar A.Ali Bryan M.Wong Materials Science&Engineering Program University of California-RiversideRiverside92521CAUSA Department of Physics&Astronomy University of California-RiversideRiverside92521CAUSA Materials Science&Engineering Program Department of Chemical&Environmental EngineeringDepartment of Physics&Astronomyand Department of ChemistryUniversity of California-RiversideRiverside92521CAUSA

Defects in materials significantly alter their electronic and structural properties,which affect the per-formance of electronic devices,structural alloys,and functional ***,calculating all the possible defects in complex materials with conventional Density Functional Theory(DFT)can be compu-tationally *** enhance the efficiency of these calculations,we interfaced Density Functional Tight Binding(DFTB)with the Clusters Approach to Statistical Mechanics(CASM)software package for the first *** SiC and ZnO as representative examples,we show that DFTB gives accurate results and can be used as an efficient computational approach for calculating and pre-screening formation ener-gies/convex *** DFTB+CASM implementation allows for an efficient exploration(up to an order of magnitude faster than DFT)of formation energies and convex hulls,which researchers can use to probe other complex systems.

关键词： CASM DFTB DFT Formation energy Convex hull

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Multi-scale synergic optimization strategy for dielectric energy storage ceramics

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2023年第4期12卷 649-680页

作者： Xuhui Fan Jing Wang Hao Yua Zehan Zheng Ji Zhang Kongjun Zhu State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures College of Aerospace EngineeringNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

Dielectric capacitors,serving as the indispensable components in advanced high-power energy storage devices,have attracted ever-increasing attention with the rapid development of science and *** various dielectric capacitors,ceramic capacitors with perovskite structures show unique advantages in actual application,e.g.,excellent adaptability in high-temperature *** the optimization of their energy storage performance has become a hot research topic *** review presents the basic principles of energy storage in dielectric ceramics and introduces multi-scale synergic optimization strategies according to the key factors for superior energy storage *** summarizing the common points in numerous works,several universal modification strategies are reviewed,and future research on fatigue fracture of ceramic capacitors under multi-field including but not limited to force,electric,and thermal coupling conditions is also anticipated.

关键词： dielectric capacitors high-power energy storage multi-scale

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Corrosion behavior of single-and poly-crystalline dual-phase TiAl–Ti3Al alloy in NaCl solution

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and materials 2023年第4期30卷 689-696页

作者： Dongpeng Wang Guang Chen Anding Wang Yuxin Wang Yanxin Qiao Zhenguang Liu Zhixiang Qi Chain Tsuan Liu School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212100China Centre for Advanced Structural Materials Department of Mechanical and Biomechanical EngineeringCity University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Engineering Research Center of Materials Behavior and Design Ministry of EducationNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China School of Materials Science and Engineering Dongguan University of TechnologyDongguan 523808China

To clarify the correlation of single-crystalline structure with corrosion performance in high-strength TiAl alloys, electrochemical and surface characterization was performed by comparing Ti–45Al–8Nb dual-phase single crystals with their polycrystalline counterparts in NaCl solution. Polarization curves show a lower corrosion rate and a higher pitting potential of ~280 mV for the dual-phase single crystals. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiostatic polarization plots revealed a higher impedance of the charge transfer through the compact passive film. Surface composition analysis indicated a compact film with more content of Nb, as twice as that in the film on the *** results reflect that the dual-phase Ti–45Al–8Nb single crystals possess a higher corrosion resistance in NaCl solution, compared with their polycrystalline counterpart, arising from a more homogeneous microstructure and composition distribution.

关键词： titanium alloy single crystal corrosion X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

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Combined anisotropic and cyclic constitutive model for laser powder bed fusion fabricated aluminum alloy

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2025年第1期38卷 165-184页

作者： Fei-Fan LI Jihong ZHU Weihong ZHANG Shifeng WEN Jingwen SONG Jun MA Gang FANG State IJR Center of Aerospace Design and Additive Manufacturing School of Mechanical EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Research&Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen Shenzhen 518063China School of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheim 7491Norway State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment Department of Mechanical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

This study presents new methods to effectively model the anisotropic yielding and hardening behavior of laser powder bed fusion fabricated aluminum alloy under both monotonic and cyclic loading *** proposed model combines the yield surface-interpolation method to accurately describe the anisotropic hardening rates in various directions,with the Chaboche kinematic hardening rule to precisely reflect the cyclic *** numerical implementation of the combined anisotropic and cyclic constitutive model,a fully implicit stress integration algorithm based on return mapping method is ***,the multiple parameters associated with the model are categorized and identified in an uncoupled *** isotropic and cyclic hardening parameters are determined by an inverse method,and the stability of the optimization outcomes is validated by applying different starting points for the ***,the back-stress effect on the identification of anisotropic parameters associated with the stress invariant-based Hill48 yield function is considered for the first *** consideration leads to an improved prediction accuracy compared to the identification of anisotropic parameters without considering back-stress *** combined anisotropic and cyclic constitutive model,along with the calibrated parameters,are proven capable of accurately reproducing the intricate deformation behavior of laser powder bed fusion fabricated AlSi10Mg.

关键词： Constitutive models Anisotropy Kinematic hardening Laser powder bed fusion Aluminum alloys

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Morphological Characterization and Tribological Properties of TiCoNi Alloy Coatings on Ti–6Al–4V Alloy via Laser Deposition

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Journal of Bio- and Tribo-Corrosion 2024年第4期10卷 1-14页

作者： Adesina, Olanrewaju Seun Farotade, Gabriel Ayokunle Obadele, Babatunde Abiodun Sanyaolu, Olufemi Oluseun Ikubanni, Peter Pelumi Sanyaolu, Modupe Eunice Adediran, Adeolu Adesoji Adeleke, Adekunle Akanni Department of Mechanical Engineering Redeemer’s University Ede Nigeria Department of Chemical Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Tshwane University of Technology P.M.B. X680 Pretoria0001 South Africa Chemical Materials & ampMetallurgical Engineering Botswana International University of Science and Technology Palapye Botswana Department of Mechanical Engineering Landmark University Omu-Aran Nigeria Department of Physical Science Redeemer’s University Ede Nigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering Nile University of Nigeria Abuja Nigeria

The goal of this work is to improve the Ti–6Al–4V alloy's hardness and tribological behavior. Coaxial laser surface cladding was used to develop intermetallic layers of nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), and titanium (Ti). Laser power of 900 W, beam spot size of 3 mm, powder feed rate of 1.0 g/min, and gas flow rate of 1.2 L/min are the optimized parameters used for laser depositions. The laser scan speeds were adjusted between 0.6 and 1.2 m/min. Investigations were conducted into the effects of powder admixture and laser parameters on the fabricated coatings' microstructure, tribological behavior and hardness. X-ray diffractometry (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) with Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed for the characterization of the microstructural evolution and phase identification, respectively. Additionally, the tribological experiment was conducted via UMT-2 –CETR reciprocating tribometer, and the coatings’ micro-hardness characteristics were examined using EmcoTEST DURASCAN. The micrographs exhibit no signs of porousness, cracks, or stress introduction, according to the results. For every manufactured sample, good metallurgical adhesion was obtained. By comparing the hardness of the ternary coating (Co–Ni–10Ti deposited at a scan speed of 1.2 m/min, with a hardness of 980 HV) to the substrate (Ti–6Al–4V, with a hardness of 330 HV), a hardness increase of approximately 2.96 times was observed. Furthermore, the Co–Ni–10Ti coating, deposited at a scan speed of 1.2 m/min, demonstrated a 51.1% reduction in the coefficient of friction (COF) compared to the base alloy, indicating superior anti-wear performance. The enhanced properties are attributed to the formation of hard intermetallic compounds such as Ti–Co, Co2Ti, Al5Co2, and Ni3Ti, along with their uniform distribution and finely tuned grain sizes. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Microhardness

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An Analytical Model for the Linear Variable Differential Transformer

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第11期25卷 19522-19531页

作者： Gao, Yuan Spirnock, William Ban, Heng University of Pittsburgh Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science PittsburghPA15213 United States

The linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) is widely used for displacement measurement in both industry and research due to its high accuracy and working ability in harsh environments. However, the lack of a precise and detailed analytical model limits the application and development of the LVDT. The traditional LVDT model, the magnetic circuit model, and finite-element method (FEM) models all have limitations when it comes to customizing LVDT designs for specific applications. This article builds an analytical model for the LVDT by solving Maxwell’s equations, which can investigate a broader range of parameters to design LVDTs. The truncated region eigenfunction expansion (TREE) method, based on the magnetic vector potential, is used to solve the finite-length magnetic core problem. The model is validated by experiments, showing that the maximum discrepancy is smaller than 1.5%. FEM is used to validate the model in a broader range of parameters, and the maximum discrepancy between the model results and FEM is below 0.9% at different working frequencies and magnetic core permeabilities. This article presents an example of using the model to investigate LVDT parameters’ influences on the output’s sensitivity and linearity error, quantifying the impact of the magnetic core’s geometric parameters. This model can optimize LVDT design and facilitate the advancement of LVDT-related sensors. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Maxwell equations

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