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Amorphous Iridium Oxide-Integrated Anode Electrodes with Ultrahigh Material Utilization for Hydrogen Production at Industrial Current Densities

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第10期16卷 225-239页

作者： Lei Ding Kui Li Weitian Wang Zhiqiang Xie Shule Yu Haoran Yu David ACullen Alex Keane Kathy Ayers Christopher BCapuano Fangyuan Liu Pu-Xian Gao Feng-Yuan Zhang Department of Mechanical Aerospace and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Oak Ridge National Lab Center for Nanophase Materials SciencesOak RidgeTN 37831USA Nel Hydrogen WallingfordCT 06492USA Institute of Materials Science University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA

Herein,ionomer-free amorphous iridium oxide(IrO_(x))thin electrodes are first developed as highly active anodes for proton exchange membrane electrolyzer cells(PEMECs)via low-cost,environmentally friendly,and easily scalable electrodeposition at room *** with a Nafion 117 membrane,the IrO_(x)-integrated electrode with an ultralow loading of 0.075 mg cm^(-2)delivers a high cell efficiency of about 90%,achieving more than 96%catalyst savings and 42-fold higher catalyst utilization compared to commercial catalyst-coated membrane(2 mg cm^(-2)).Additionally,the IrO_(x)electrode demonstrates superior performance,higher catalyst utilization and significantly simplified fabrication with easy scalability compared with the most previously reported ***,the remarkable performance could be mainly due to the amorphous phase property,sufficient Ir^(3+)content,and rich surface hydroxide groups in ***,due to the high activity,high cell efficiency,an economical,greatly simplified and easily scalable fabrication process,and ultrahigh material utilization,the IrO_(x)electrode shows great potential to be applied in industry and accelerates the commercialization of PEMECs and renewable energy evolution.

关键词： Ionomer-free Amorphous IrOx electrodes Ultrahigh material utilization Scalable electrodeposition Hydrogen production

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Sensitivity study of resolution and convergence requirements for the extended overlap region in wall-bounded turbulence

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Physical Review Fluids 2024年第8期9卷 L082601-L082601页

作者： Sergio Hoyas Ricardo Vinuesa Peter Schmid Hassan Nagib Instituto Universitario de Matemática Pura y Aplicada Universitat Politècnica de València FLOW Engineering Mechanics KTH Royal Institute of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering (PSE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Mechanical Materials and Aerospace Engineering Armour College of Engineering ILLINOIS TECH

Direct numerical simulations (DNSs) are among the most powerful tools for studying turbulent flows. Even though the achievable Reynolds numbers are lower than those obtained through experimental means, DNS offers a clear advantage: The entire velocity field is known, allowing for the evaluation of any desired quantity. This capability includes the computation of derivatives of all relevant terms. One such derivative provides the indicator function, which is the product of the wall distance and the wall-normal derivative of the mean streamwise velocity. This derivative may depend on mesh spacing and distribution, but it is extremely affected by the convergence of the simulation. The indicator function is crucial for understanding inner and outer interactions in wall-bounded flows and describing the overlap region between them. We find a clear dependence of this indicator function on the mesh distributions we examine, raising questions about classical mesh and convergence requirements for DNS and achievable accuracy. Within the framework of the logarithmic plus linear overlap region, coupled with a parametric study of channel flows and some pipe flows, sensitivities of extracted overlap parameters are examined. This study reveals a path to establishing their high-Reτ or nearly asymptotic values at modest Reynolds numbers, but larger than the ones used in this work, accessible by high-quality DNS with reasonable cost.

关键词： Boundary layers Complex fluids Three-dimensional turbulence Turbulence Turbulent boundary layers

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Mutual promotion on the mechanical and tribological properties of the nacre-like self-lubricant film designed for demanding green tribological applications

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Friction 2025年第3期13卷 171-185页

作者： Hongbo Ju Jing Luan Yiping Wang Andrey Bondarev Manuel Evaristo Yaoxiang Geng Junhua Xu Albano Cavaleiro Filipe Fernandes School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China Department of Mechanical Engineering ARISECEMMPREUniversity of CoimbraCoimbra 3030-788Portugal TINT-Laboratory for Tribology and Interface Nanotechnology Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of LjubljanaAškerčeva 6Ljubljana1000Slovenia School of Engineering Bernal InstituteUniversity of LimerickLimerick V94 T9PXIreland ISEP-School of Engineering Polytechnic of PortoPorto 4200-072Portugal

The inverse relationship between the tribological and mechanical properties of environmentally friendly selflubricant films,induced by the addition of soft lubricant agents that can diffuse quickly at elevated temperatures,has hindered the widespread use of these materials in industrial *** paper took this challenge to break through the above established relationship by developing novel nacrelike multilayered Mo_(2)N–SiN_(x)/Ag–SiN_(x)self-lubricant films via an radio frequency(RF)magnetron sputtering system for real applications where harsh conditions at elevated temperatures *** multilayered films,deposited by alternating deposition of Mo_(2)N–SiN_(x)and Ag–SiN_(x)modulation layers,exhibited three phases of face-centered cubic(fcc)Mo_(2)N,fcc Ag and SiN_(x),where SiN_(x)encapsulated the nano-crystalline Mo_(2)N and Ag phases in each layer to successfully induce a“brick and mortar”nacre-like microstructure(in the area without the coherent structure).The epitaxy growth of the Ag–SiN_(x)layers with thickness below 6 nm on the Mo_(2)N template resulted in an extraordinary increase in both the hardness and elastic modulus,which was able to prevent severe degradation of the mechanical properties caused by the addition of *** room-temperature anti-friction property could be enhanced by increasing the Ag–SiN_(x)layer thickness due to the excellent lubricant nature of Ag,which acts in synergy with Mo_(2)N,while the wear rate below 4×10^(−8)mm^(3)/(N·mm)was due to the high mechanical *** tribological properties at 600℃also benefited from the interlocked multilayered architecture,which allowed an extreme low friction coefficient of~0.12 and a negligible wear rate(WR).This behavior was attributed to the synergism between the lubricant action of Ag and Mo_(2)N and the tribo-phase transformation from Ag_(2)Mo_(4)O_(13)to Ag_(2)MoO_(4).

关键词： radio frequency(RF)magnetron sputtering system Mo_(2)N-SiN_(x)/Ag-SiN_(x)self-lubricant films interlocked structure epitaxial growth lubrication synergism tribo-phase transformation

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Eggshell nanoparticle reinforced recycled low-density polyethylene: A new material for automobile application

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Journal of King Saud University - engineering sciences 2023年第6期35卷 406-414页

作者： Bello, Sefiu Adekunle Raji, Nasirudeen Kolawole Kolawole, Maruf Yinka Adebayo, Mohammed Kayode Adebisi, Jeleel Adekunle Okunola, Kehinde Adekunle AbdulSalaam, Mustekeem Olanrewaju Department of Materials Science and Engineering Kwara State University Malete Nigeria Department of Metallurgical Engineering Yaba College of Technology Lagos Nigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering Kwara State University Malete Nigeria Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering University of Ilorin Ilorin Nigeria

Waste from low-density polyethylene products after lifespan accounts for 70% of solid waste in most dumpsites, contributing to environmental impacts. Eggshell foul smells are a threat to human and animal health. Before this study, there was no research documentation on transforming both wastes into green composites for engineering applications. This work developed composites using recycled low-density polyethylene (RLDPE) and eggshell Nanoparticles. They were evaluated structurally and mechanically. Straining, which affirms an improvement in the load-bearing capacity of the RLDPE due to the incorporation of eggshell Nanoparticles, was established by the composite XRD peak broadness. Structural integrities of the composites were confirmed with SEM. Maximum tensile strength was noted at 10% eggshell Nanoparticle additions to the RLDPE, equal to a 68% increase. About 52 and 19% enhancements in respective flexural strength and hardness value with a 0.85% reduction in impact energy were noted at 12% eggshell Nanoparticle additions. The probability value, 0.0481 −2 tensile strength, 21.964 Nmm−2 flexural strength, 21.69 J impact energy, and 59 VHN hardness value using sheet forming technique. Therefore, future usage of the developed RLDPE/10% eggshell Nanoparticle composite is established. © 2021 The Authors

关键词： Nanoparticles

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Developing Predictive Maintenance Framework for Wind Turbine Blade Erosion: State of the Art and Concept Analysis

Developing Predictive Maintenance Framework for Wind Turbine...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Industrial engineering and engineering Management, IEEM 2024

作者： Ali, Waqar El-Thalji, Idriss Giljarhus, Knut Erik Teigen Delimitis, Andreas Department of Mechanical and Structural Engineering and Materials Science University of Stavanger Stavanger Norway

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386097

The global goal of achieving 2000 gigawatts of offshore wind power by 2050 has driven the development of the wind energy sector. This ambitious goal is facing a significant challenge in maintaining the efficiency and health of the wind turbines. Wind turbine Blade erosion is among the main critical failure modes that lead to high production losses and maintenance expenses. At present, the industry is utilizing manual or drone-based inspection, however, they are targeting more cost-effective and more informative like to predictive maintenance for erosion and severity by using data science techniques based on SCADA and sensors data. This paper reviews existing erosion blade analysis methods in wind turbines, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses. The method is based on the literature review to determine the state of the art in terms of monitoring, classification, and prediction. Moreover study will evaluate potential predictive maintenance concepts based on key performance matrix extracted from key stakeholders. It can be concluded that a combined concept of vibration, aerodynamic, acoustic, and production loss techniques supported with XGBoost, FFT, and LSTM are the most effective methods. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Turbomachine blades

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Crack elimination and strength enhancement mechanisms of selective laser melted Si-modified Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr alloy

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年第8期34卷 2431-2441页

作者： Jiang YU Yao-xiang GENG Hong-bo JU Zhi-jie ZHANG Jun-hua XU School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212100China Department of Mechanical Engineering CEMMPRE-Centre for Mechanical Engineering Materials and ProcessesUniversity of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal

In order to increase the processability and process window of the selective laser melting(SLM)-fabricated Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr alloy,a novel Si-modified Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr alloy was *** effect of Si alloying on the surface quality,processability,microstructure,and mechanical properties of the SLM-fabricated alloy was *** results showed that introducing Si into the Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr alloy prevented balling and keyhole formation,refined the grain size,and reduced the solidification temperature,which eliminated cracks and increased the processability and process window of the *** maximum relative density of the SLM-fabricated Si/Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr alloy reached 99.6%.The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the alloy were(371±7)MPa and(518±6)MPa,*** values were higher than those of the SLM-fabricated Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr and other Sc-free Al−Mg-based alloys.

关键词： selective laser melting Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr−Si alloy surface roughness processability mechanical properties

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Embryo-to-lamella transition of grain boundary twins in magnesium

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第12期11卷 4485-4497页

作者： Mariyappan Arul Kumar Irene J Beyerlein Materials Science and Technology Division Los Alamos National LaboratoryLos AlamosNM 87545USA Mechanical Engineering Department Materials DepartmentUniversity of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA 93106USA

A combined experimental and computational analysis is performed to investigate the less commonly studied embryo-to-lamella transition of deformation twins in magnesium. This work aims to understand the structural variables controlling the embryo-to-lamella transition from grain boundaries. Statistical analysis of hundreds of early-stage twins in the lightly deformed microstructure reveals a prevailing wedge shape,with a much thicker base along the grain boundary(GB) where they originate and a thinner tip terminating in the crystal. The analysis also shows that the GB base is super thick and identifies a minimum GB twin thickness among all early-stage twins that is about one micron. A crystal plasticity-based full-field model is employed to calculate the driving forces to migrate the boundary of a three-dimensional GB twin embryo. The stress analysis, considering a full range of embryo shapes and neighboring grain orientations, indicate that the twin embryo is most likely going to form a wedge shape when it first propagates. The calculations predict that the thickness of the embryo at the GB needs to be significantly larger than its length into the crystal in order to propagate into the crystal. The analysis finds that the more aligned the twin embryo variant is with basal slip in the neighboring grain, the thinner the twin embryo needed for propagation.

关键词： Magnesium Twin embryo Crystal plasticity Nucleation Grain neighbor

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Recent advances on the systems metabolically engineered Pseudomonas species as versatile biosynthetic platforms for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates

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Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing 2024年第2期4卷 473-499页

作者： Hye Min Song Seo Young Jo Haeyoung Lee Subeen Jeon Dohye Yun Chaerin Kim Jina Son Yu Jung Sohn Jong-Il Choi Si Jae Park Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Graduate Program in System Health Science and EngineeringEwha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760Republic of Korea Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea

Pseudomonas *** been considered one of the most promising microbial platform strains due to its versatile metabolism,enabling the valorization of waste materials into value-added chemical *** the native producer of polyhydroxyal-kanoates(PHAs),the biodegradable biopolyesters,it has been widely engineered by various metabolic engineering tools for the production of PHAs composed of short-chain-length and medium-chain-length monomers with adjustable composition from diverse carbon sources,ranging from pure sugars to crude oils and fatty *** review discusses the feasibility of Pseudomonas *** the industrial host strain and the recent advances regarding the systems metabolic engineering strategies for PHAs production in Pseudomonas sp.

关键词： Pseudomonas sp. Polyhydroxyalkanoates Systems metabolic engineering Synthetic biology Fermentation

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From concept to commercialization:A review of tubular solid oxide fuel cell technology

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第10期97卷 79-109,I0003页

作者： Ruyan Chen Yuan Gao Jiutao Gao Huiyu Zhang Martin Motola Muhammad Bilal Hanif Cheng-Xin Li State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxChina Department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Natural SciencesComenius University Bratislava84215 BratislavaSlovakia

The reduced sealing difficulty of tubular solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs)makes the stacking of tubular cell groups relatively easy,and the thermal stress constraints during stack operation are smaller,which helps the stack to operate stably for a long *** special design of tubular SOFC structures can completely solve the problem of high-temperature sealing,especially in the design of multiple single-cell series integrated into one tube,where each cell tube is equivalent to a small electric stack,with unique characteristics of high voltage and low current output,which can significantly reduce the ohmic polarization loss of tubular *** paper provides an overview of typical tubular SOFC structural designs both domestically and *** on the geometric structure of tubular SOFCs,they can be divided into bamboo tubes,bamboo flat tubes,single-section tubes,and single-section flat tube ***,this article provides an overview of commonly used materials and preparation methods for tubular SOFCs,including commonly used materials and preparation methods for support and functional layers,as well as a comparison of commonly used preparation methods for microtubule SOFCs,It introduced the three most important parts of building a fuel cell stack:manifold,current collector,and ceramic adhesive,and also provided a detailed introduction to the power generation systems of different tubular SOFCs,Finally,the development prospects of tubular SOFCs were discussed.

关键词： Tubular solid oxide fuel cell Support material Geometric structure Preparation methods Stack

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Artificial Intelligence-Powered materials science

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第6期17卷 212-241页

作者： Xiaopeng Bai Xingcai Zhang Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077People’s Republic of China Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinHong Kong 999077People’s Republic of China

The advancement of materials has played a pivotal role in the advancement of human civilization,and the emergence of artificial intelligence(AI)-empowered materials science heralds a new era with substantial potential to tackle the escalating challenges related to energy,environment,and biomedical concerns in a sustainable *** exploration and development of sustainable materials are poised to assume a critical role in attaining technologically advanced solutions that are environmentally friendly,energy-efficient,and conducive to human *** review provides a comprehensive overview of the current scholarly progress in artificial intelligence-powered materials science and its cutting-edge *** anticipate that AI technology will be extensively utilized in material research and development,thereby expediting the growth and implementation of novel *** will serve as a catalyst for materials innovation,and in turn,advancements in materials innovation will further enhance the capabilities of AI and AI-powered materials *** the synergistic collaboration between AI and materials science,we stand to realize a future propelled by advanced AI-powered materials.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Machine learning Sustainable materials Data-driven materials innovation

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