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Synergetic PVA degradation and H2 evolution in photocatalytic fuel cells using Ag@Fe_(2)O_(3) cathode

Frontiers of Chemical science and engineering 2024年第1期18卷 85-93页

作者： Likun Sun Kesi Xiong Baoning Zhang Jinghong Fang Yingchao He Min Wang Zhixing Gan Fanglin Du Qiong Sun Liyan Yu Lifeng Dong College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266042China Center for Future Optoelectronic Functional Materials School of Computer and Electronic InformationNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Department of Physics Hamline UniversitySt.Paul 55104USA

In a dual-chamber photocatalytic fuel cell device,polyvinyl alcohol degradation and H2 evolution were concurrently *** setup involved commercial P25 as the photoanode and Ag@Fe_(2)O_(3) nanoparticles as the ***,the feasibility of a Fentonlike reaction in the cathode,utilizing Fe^(2+)ions and pumped O_(2),was *** cathode materials,polyvinyl alcohol types,and pH values’effects were assessed on device *** tests highlighted photoinduced holes(h+)and OH·radicals as pivotal contributions to polyvinyl alcohol ***-term stability of the device was established through cycling experiments.

关键词： photocatalytic fuel cell PVA Ag@Fe_(2)O_(3) cathode materials Fenton-like reaction

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Dielectric Properties of a Ferroelectric Nematic Material: Quantitative Test of the Polarization-Capacitance Goldstone Mode

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Physical Review Letters 2024年第3期133卷 038101-038101页

作者： Alex Adaka Mojtaba Rajabi Nilanthi Haputhantrige Samuel Sprunt Oleg D. Lavrentovich Antal Jákli Materials Science Graduate Program Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute Department of Physics

The recently discovered ferroelectric nematic (NF) liquid crystals (LC) have been reported to show an extraordinarily large value of the real part of the dielectric constant (ϵ′>103) at low frequencies. However, it was argued by Clark et al. in Phys. Rev. Res. 6, 013195 (2024) that what was measured was the capacitance of the insulating layer at LC or electrode surface and not that of the liquid crystal. Here we describe the results of dielectric spectroscopy measurements of an NF material in cells with variable thickness of the insulating layers. Our measurements quantitatively verify the model by Clark et al. Additionally, our measurements in cells with bare conducting indium tin oxide surface provide a crude estimate of ϵ⊥∼102 in the NF phase.

关键词： Dielectric properties Electronic materials Ferroelectricity Functional materials Liquid crystals

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Advances in grain-boundary diffusion for high-performance permanent magnets

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materials Futures 2024年第4期3卷 41-70页

作者： Prajna Paramita Mohapatra Guomeng Li Perumal Alagarsamy Xiandong Xu College of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082People’s Republic of China Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology GuwahatiGuwahati 781039India

High-performance permanent magnets play an indispensable role in manufacturing highly efficient motors and generators,ultimately contributing to the sustainability of our *** high coercivity(µ0Hc)in hard magnetic materials at or above room temperature without relying on heavy rare-earth elements remains a *** strategies for augmentingµ0Hc utilizing low-cost materials involve inter-granular addition and the grain-boundary diffusion(GBD)*** review provides a comprehensive overview of selected techniques for developing grain-boundary(GB)modification through a specific focus on the reduction of using heavy rare earth(HRE)elements and utilizing cost-effective non-rare earth and light rare earth(LRE)sources for *** date,the successful application of HRE based metals and compounds,and LRE based alloys as diffusion sources has significantly contributed toµ0Hc *** upon global advancements and findings from various research groups,this comprehensive review offers a critical analysis of the fundamentals and progress in GBD processes(GBDPs).Considering the different types of permanent magnets,the GBDPs,based on the diverse diffusion sources and diffusion processes,are thoroughly compared and *** encapsulates the current state of knowledge in the field,providing valuable insights into the ongoing developments in GB modification to improve permanent magnet performance.

关键词： rare earth metal grain-boundary diffusion processes NdFeB magnets coercivity

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Exploring the electromagnetic shielding behavior of lanthanum doped calcium nanoferrites

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第11期42卷 2128-2136,I0005页

作者： E.Ahilandeswari K.Sakthipandi R.Rajesh Kanna G.Rajkumar B.Ganesh Babu S.Arunmetha Aslam Hossain P.Sakthivel V.Rajendran M.Srinidhi Raghavan Department of Physics SRM TRP Engineering CollegeTiruchirappalli621105Tamil NaduIndia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering M.Kumarasamy College of EngineeringKarur639113Tamil NaduIndia Department of Physics Easwari Engineering CollegeChennai600089Tamil NaduIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering SRM TRP Engineering CollegeTiruchirappalli621105Tamil NaduIndia Centre for Advanced Energy Studies Department of Electronics and Communication EngineeringKoneru Lakshmaiah Education FoundationGunturAndhra Pradesh522502India Smart Materials Research Institute Southern Federal UniversitySladkova 178/24344090Rostov-on-DonRussia Centre for Materials Science Department of PhysicsScience and HumanitiesFaculty of EngineeringKarpagam Academy of Higher EducationCoimbatore641021Tamil NaduIndia Centre for Nanotechnology Academy of Maritime Education and Training(Deemed to be University)Chennai603112Tamil NaduIndia Department of Chemistry and Centre for Nano-Materials and Displays B.M.S.College of EngineeringBengaluru560019KarnatakaIndia

The present study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of lanthanum(La^(3+))-doped calcium nanoferrites(CaLa_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4):x=0.025,0.050,0.075 and 0.100)using the sonochemical *** techniques were employed to analyze the effect of La^(3+)infusion,Raman spectroscopy confirms the presence of active A_(1g),T_(2g)and E_g modes in the CaLa_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4)nanoferrite,indicating the formation of an active ferrite *** introduction of La^(3+)doping results in a significant increase in the band gap energy,rendering the nanoferrites insulating(3.23-3,57 eV).At higher frequencies,the impedance studies reveal minimal losses and better AC conductivity,pointing to improved dielectric *** higher frequencies,the Q-factor of La-doped calcium nanoferrites shows lower electromagnetic *** M-H curve exhibits ferromagnetic behavior,with La^(3+)-doped calcium nano ferrites displaying a saturation magnetization ranging from 12.72 to 18.10 emu/*** incorporation of La^(3+)also induces enhanced electrical polarization,leading to notable dielectric loss and increased absorption of electromagnetic ***,these CaLa_(x)Fe_(2-x)O_(4)nanoferrites demonstrate potential as effective microwave absorbers across a wide frequency range,with significant shielding absorption observed at 8.8-9.1 GHz.

关键词： Nanoferrites Structural properties Rare earths Dielectric Magnetism Microwave absorption

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Margination of artificially stiffened red blood cells

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Physical Review Fluids 2024年第9期9卷 L091101页

作者： Revaz D. Chachanidze Othmane Aouane Jens Harting Christian Wagner Marc Leonetti Experimental Physics CNRS Centrale Marseille IRPHE Marseille France for Renewable Energy Forschungszentrum Jülich Cauerstraße 1 91058 Erlangen Germany Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Department of Physics Department of Physics and Materials Science CNRS Centrale Marseille M2P2 Marseille France CNRS

Margination, a fundamental process in which leukocytes migrate from the flowing blood to the vessel wall, is well-documented in physiology. However, it is still an open question on how the differences in cell size and stiffness of white and red cells contribute to this phenomenon. To investigate the specific influence of cell stiffness, we conduct experimental and numerical studies on the segregation of a binary mixture of artificially stiffened red blood cells within a suspension of healthy cells. The resulting distribution of stiffened cells within the channel is found to depend on the channel geometry, as demonstrated with slit, rectangular, and cylindrical cross sections. Notably, an unexpected central peak in the distribution of stiffened red blood cells, accompanied by fourfold peaks at the corners, emerges in agreement with simulations. Our results unveil a nonmonotonic variation in segregation/margination concerning hematocrit and flow rate, challenging the prevailing belief that higher flow rates lead to enhanced margination.

关键词： Biological fluid dynamics Blood flow Complex fluids Fluid-particle interactions

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Beyond p-y method:A review of artificial intelligence approaches for predicting lateral capacity of drilled shafts in clayey soils

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2024年第9期16卷 3812-3840页

作者： M.E.Al-Atroush A.E.Aboelela Ezz El-Din Hemdan Civil and Environmental Engineering Program Engineering Management DepartmentCollege of EngineeringPrince Sultan UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Structural Engineering Faculty of EngineeringAin Shams UniversityCairoEgypt Structure and Materials Research Lab Prince Sultan UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia Computer Science and Engineering Department Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenoufiaEgypt

In 2023,pivotal advancements in artificial intelligence(AI)have significantly *** that in mind,traditional methodologies,notably the p-y approach,have struggled to accurately model the complex,nonlinear soil-structure interactions of laterally loaded large-diameter drilled *** study undertakes a rigorous evaluation of machine learning(ML)and deep learning(DL)techniques,offering a comprehensive review of their application in addressing this geotechnical challenge.A thorough review and comparative analysis have been carried out to investigate various AI models such as artificial neural networks(ANNs),relevance vector machines(RVMs),and least squares support vector machines(LSSVMs).It was found that despite ML approaches outperforming classic methods in predicting the lateral behavior of piles,their‘black box'nature and reliance only on a data-driven approach made their results showcase statistical robustness rather than clear geotechnical insights,a fact underscored by the mathematical equations derived from these ***,the research identified a gap in the availability of drilled shaft datasets,limiting the extendibility of current findings to large-diameter *** extensive dataset,compiled from a series of lateral loading tests on free-head drilled shaft with varying properties and geometries,was introduced to bridge this *** paper concluded with a direction for future research,proposes the integration of physics-informed neural networks(PINNs),combining data-driven models with fundamental geotechnical principles to improve both the interpretability and predictive accuracy of AI applications in geotechnical engineering,marking a novel contribution to the field.

关键词： Laterally loaded drilled shaft load transfer and failure mechanisms physics-informed neural networks(PINNs) P-y curves Artificial intelligence(AI) Dataset

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Trapping of isotropic droplets by disclinations in nematic liquid crystals controlled by surface anchoring and elastic constant disparity

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Physical Review E 2024年第6期109卷 064703-064703页

作者： Nilanthi P. Haputhanthrige Sathyanarayana Paladugu Maxim O. Lavrentovich Oleg D. Lavrentovich Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute Department of Physics Department of Earth Environment and Physics Department of Physics and Astronomy Materials Science Graduate Program

Linear defects such as dislocations and disclinations in ordered materials attract foreign particles since they replace strong elastic distortions at the defect cores. In this work, we explore the behavior of isotropic droplets nucleating at singular disclinations in a nematic liquid crystal, predesigned by surface photopatterning. Experiments show that in the biphasic nematic-isotropic region, although the droplets are attracted to the disclination cores, their centers of mass shift away from the core centers as the temperature increases. The shift is not random, being deterministically defined by the surrounding director field. The effect is explained by the balance of interfacial anchoring and bulk elasticity. An agreement with the experiment can be achieved only if the model accounts for the disparity of the nematic elastic constants; the so-called one-constant approximation, often used in the theoretical analysis of liquid crystals, produces qualitatively wrong predictions. In particular, the experimentally observed shift towards the bend region around a +1/2 disclination core can be explained only when the bend constant is larger than the splay constant. The described dependence of the precise location of a foreign inclusion at defect cores on the elastic and surface anchoring properties can be used in rational design of microscale architectures.

关键词： Elastic forces Nucleation Patterning Liquid crystals Nematic liquid crystals Optical microscopy

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Boosting electromechanical response via clamping

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Nature materials 2024年第7期23卷 876-877页

作者： Yang, Jan-Chi Chu, Ying-Hao Department of Physics National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan Department of Materials Science & amp Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan

The synergy between the field-induced antiferroelectric to ferroelectric phase transition and substrate constraints results in enhanced electromechanical responses. © Springer Nature Limited 2024.

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Friction reactions induced by selective hydrogenation of textured surface under lubricant conditions

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Friction 2024年第1期12卷 174-184页

作者： Naizhou DU Xubing WEI Xiaowei LI Zan CHEN Shiqi LU Jiaqing DING Cunao FENG Kai CHEN Jianghao QIAO Dekun ZHANG Kwang-Ryeol LEE Tiancai ZHANG School of Materials Science and Physics China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective TechnologiesNingbo Institute of Materials Technology&EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Computational Science Center Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 136-791Republic of Korea Technology Development Department Shipbuilding Technology Research InstituteShanghai 200032China

The passivation of hydrogen atoms and the conformation of textured surfaces under oil-lubricated conditions are effective strategies to obtain amorphous carbon(a-C)films with extremely low *** is critical to understanding the influence mechanism of selective surface hydrogenation on the tribological behaviors of textured a-C film under oil-lubricated *** particular,the interactions of hydrogen atoms and lubricants are confusing,which is enslaved to the in situ characterization *** reactive molecular dynamics(RMD)simulations were conducted to analyze the friction response of textured a-C films with selective hydrogenation surfaces under oil-lubricated *** results indicate that the existence of hydrogen atoms on specific bump sites significantly decreases the friction coefficient(μ)of textured a-C film,which is highly dependent on the surface hydrogen *** repulsion between hydrogen atoms and lubricant molecules prompts the formation of a dense lubricant film on the surface of the mating ***,with the enhancement of the surface hydrogen content,the passivation of the friction interface and the repulsion between hydrogen atoms and lubricants play dominant roles in reducing the friction coefficient instead of hydrodynamic lubrication.

关键词： textured amorphous carbon(a-C) selective hydrogenation oil lubrication friction mechanism reactive molecular dynamics(RMD)

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An integrated machine learning model for accurate and robust prediction of superconducting critical temperature

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第3期78卷 232-239,I0007页

作者： Jingzi Zhang Ke Zhang Shaomeng Xu Yi Li Chengquan Zhong Mengkun Zhao Hua-Jun Qiu Mingyang Qin X.-D.Xiang Kailong Hu Xi Lin School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055GuangdongChina Blockchain Development and Research Institute Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055GuangdongChina State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001HeilongjiangChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001HeilongjiangChina Department of Materials Science and Engineering&Department of Physics Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055GuangdongChina

Discovering new superconductors via traditional trial-and-error experimental approaches is apparently a time-consuming process,and the correlations between the critical temperature(Tc) and material features are still *** rise of machine learning(ML) technology provides new opportunities to speed up inefficient exploration processes,and could potentially uncover new hints on the unclear *** this work,we utilize open-source materials data,ML models,and data mining methods to explore the correlation between the chemical features and Tcvalues of superconducting *** further improve the prediction accuracy,a new model is created by integrating three basic algorithms,showing an enhanced accuracy with the coefficient of determination(R2) score of 95.9 % and root mean square error(RMSE) of 6.3 *** average marginal contributions of material features towards Tcvalues are estimated to determine the importance of various features during prediction *** results suggest that the range thermal conductivity plays a critical role in Tcprediction among all element ***,the integrated ML model is utilized to screen out potential twenty superconducting materials with Tcvalues beyond 50.0 *** study provides insights towards Tcprediction to accelerate the exploration of potential high-Tcsuperconductors.

关键词： Superconductors Integrated machine learning Superconducting critical temperature

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