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Fractional AC Josephson effect in a topological insulator proximitized by a self-formed superconductor

Physical Review B 2024年第6期110卷 064511页

作者： Ilan T. Rosen Christie J. Trimble Molly P. Andersen Evgeny Mikheev Yanbin Li Yunzhi Liu Lixuan Tai Peng Zhang Kang L. Wang Yi Cui M. A. Kastner James R. Williams David Goldhaber-Gordon Department of Applied Physics Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences Joint Quantum Institute and Quantum Materials Center Department of Physics Department of Materials Science and Engineering Department of Physics Department of Electrical Engineering

A lateral Josephson junction in which the surface of a three-dimensional (3D) topological insulator (TI) serves as the weak link should support topologically protected excitations related to Majorana fermions. The resulting 4π-periodic current-phase relationship could be detected under high-frequency excitation by the suppression of odd Shapiro steps. Here, we demonstrate such devices through the self-formation of a Pd-Te superconducting layer from a telluride TI and observe suppressed first and third Shapiro steps. Other devices, including those where the Pd-Te layer is bolstered by an additional Al layer, show no suppression of Shapiro steps, a difference supported by simulations. Though we rule out the known trivial causes of suppressed Shapiro steps in our devices, we nevertheless argue that corroborating measurements and disorder-aware theoretical descriptions of these systems are needed before confidently claiming the observation of Majorana states.

关键词： Josephson effect Majorana bound states Majorana fermions Topological insulators Topological materials Topological superconductors Thin films Dilution refrigerator Transmission electron microscopy

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Recent advances in bio-integrated electrochemical sensors for neuroengineering

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Fundamental Research 2025年第1期5卷 29-47页

作者： Shulin Chen Tzu-Li Liu Yizhen Jia Jinghua Li Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Chronic Brain Injury Program The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA

Detecting and diagnosing neurological diseases in modern healthcare presents substantial challenges that directly impact patient *** complex nature of these conditions demands precise and quantitative monitoring of disease-associated biomarkers in a continuous,real-time *** chemical sensing strategies exhibit restricted clinical effectiveness due to labor-intensive laboratory analysis prerequisites,dependence on clinician expertise,and prolonged and recurrent ***-integrated electronics for chemical sensing is an emerging,multidisciplinary field enabled by rapid advances in electrical engineering,biosensing,materials science,analytical chemistry,and biomedical *** review presents an overview of recent progress in bio-integrated electrochemical sensors,with an emphasis on their relevance to neuroengineering and *** traverses vital neurological biomarkers and explores bio-recognition elements,sensing strategies,transducer designs,and wireless signal transmission *** integration of in vivo biochemical sensors is showcased through *** review concludes by outlining future trends and advancements in in vivo electrochemical sensing,and highlighting ongoing research and technological innovation,which aims to provide inspiring and practical instructions for future research.

关键词： Biochemical sensing Neuroengineering Bioimplants Analytical chemistry Bio-integrated electronics

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Enhanced Electrical Transport Properties of Molybdenum Disulfide Field-Effect Transistors by Using Alkali Metal Fluorides as Dielectric Capping Layers

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ACS Nano 2024年第16期18卷 10776-10787页

作者： Wani, Sumayah-Shakil Hsu, Chen Chieh Kuo, Yao-Zen Darshana Kumara Kimbulapitiya, Kimbulapitiya Mudiyanselage Madhusanka Chung, Chia-Chen Cyu, Ruei-Hong Chen, Chieh-Ting Liu, Ming-Jin Chaudhary, Mayur Chiu, Po-Wen Zhong, Yuan-Liang Chueh, Yu-Lun Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing-Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Department of Physics and Quantum Information Center Chung Yuan Christian University Taoyuan32034 Taiwan College of Semiconductor Research National Tsing-Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Institute of Electronics Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan Department of Physics National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung80424 Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of

The electronic properties of 2D materials are highly influenced by the molecular activity at their interfaces. A method was proposed to address this issue by employing passivation techniques using monolayer MoS2 field-effect transistors (FETs) while preserving high performance. Herein, we have used alkali metal fluorides as dielectric capping layers, including lithium fluoride (LiF), sodium fluoride (NaF), and potassium fluoride (KF) dielectric capping layers, to mitigate the environmental impact of oxygen and water exposure. Among them, the LiF dielectric capping layer significantly improved the transistor performance, specifically in terms of enhanced field effect mobility from 74 to 137 cm2/V·s, increased current density from 17 μA/μm to 32.13 μA/μm at a drain voltage of Vd of 1 V, and decreased subthreshold swing to 0.8 V/dec The results have been analytically verified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, and the demonstrated technique can be extended to other transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD)-based FETs, which can become a prospect for cutting-edge electronic applications. These findings highlight certain important trade-offs and provide insight into the significance of interface control and passivation material choice on the electrical stability, performance, and enhancement of the MoS2 FET. © 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.

关键词： Monolayers

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Enhanced ferromagnetism in an artificially stretched lattice in quasi-two-dimensional Cr2Ge2Te6

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Physical Review B 2025年第2期111卷 L020402-L020402页

作者： Hiroshi Idzuchi Andres E. Llacsahuanga Allcca Anh Khoa Augustin Lu Mitsuhiro Saito Subhadip Das John F. Ribeiro Michel Houssa Ruishen Meng Kazutoshi Inoue WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research (AIMR) Tohoku University Sendai 980-8577 Japan Center for Science and Innovation in Spintronics (CSIS) Tohoku University Sendai 980-8577 Japan Department of Physics and Astronomy Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA Department of Physics The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Birck Nanotechnology Center and Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA Mathematics for Advanced Materials Open Innovation Laboratory National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Sendai 980-8577 Japan Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba 305-0044 Japan Institute of Engineering Innovation The University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-8656 Japan Institute of Physics and Astronomy and Villum Centers for Dirac Materials and for Hybrid Quantum Materials and Devices Aarhus University 8000 Aarhus-C Denmark School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Katholieke Universiteit Leuven 3001 Leuven Belgium

Crystal lattice is key in understanding magnetic interactions between atoms in solids. As the effective control of the lattice via tensile stress is limited, there are only a few demonstrations of controlling magnetic properties by expanding the lattice. This study reveals a clear correlation between enhanced magnetism, where Curie temperature (TC) is doubled from ∼60 to ∼120 K, and lattice expansion in prototypical van der Waals magnet Cr2Ge2Te6 with sputtered dielectric overlayers NiO and MgO. We ascribe the mechanism of this TC increase to a change in exchange interactions induced by strain, studied by several experimental probes and computational approaches.

关键词： Van der Waals forces

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Short-range ordering plays a determining role in the low-cycle fatigue life improvement of fcc metals: A conclusive study on low solid-solution hardening Ni-Cr alloys

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Journal of materials science & Technology 2023年第25期156卷 157-171页

作者： Y.J.Zhang D.Han X.W.Li Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry School of Materials Science and EngineeringNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials Ministry of EducationNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

The effect of short-range ordering (SRO) on the low-cycle fatigue (LCF) behavior of low solid-solution hardening Ni-Cr alloys with high stacking fault energies (SFEs) was systematically studied under cycling at constant total strain amplitude (Δε t /2) in the range of 0.1%–0.7%. The results show that an inducement of SRO structures can notably improve the fatigue life of the alloy regardless of Δε t /2, and several unique fatigue characteristics have been detected, including the transition of fatigue cracking mode from intergranular cracking to slip band cracking, the non-negligible evolution from non-Masing behavior in pure Ni to Masing behavior in the Ni-40Cr alloy, and the secondary cyclic hardening behavior in the Ni-10Cr and Ni-20Cr alloys. All these experimental phenomena are tightly associated with the transformation in cyclic deformation mechanisms that is induced by SRO based on the “glide plane softening” effect. Furthermore, a comprehensive fatigue life prediction model based on total hysteresis energy has been reasonably proposed, focusing on the analyses of the macroscopic model parameters (namely the fatigue cracking resistance exponent β and the crack propagation resistance parameter W 0 ) and microscopic damage mechanisms. In brief, on the premise that the effects of SFE and friction stress can be nearly ignored, as in the case of the present low solid-solution hardening Ni-Cr alloys with high SFEs, an enhancement of SRO in face-centered cubic metals has been convincingly confirmed to be an effective strategy to improve their LCF performance.

关键词： Ni-Cr alloy Short range ordering Low solid-solution hardening Low-cycle fatigue Slip mode Fatigue life prediction model

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Unexpected giant negative area compressibility in palladium diselenide

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National science Review 2023年第9期10卷 146-153页

作者： Xingxing Jiang Shengzi Zhang Dequan Jiang Yonggang Wang Maxim S.Molokeev Naizheng Wang Youquan Liu Xingyu Zhang Zheshuai Lin New Functional Crystals Group Key Laboratory of Functional Crystals and Laser TechnologyTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for High Pressure Science &Technology Advanced Research School of Materials Science and Engineering Peking University Laboratory of Crystal Physics Kirensky Institute of PhysicsSB RAS Department of Physics Far Eastern State Transport University International Research Center of Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemistry Siberian Federal University

Negative area compressibility（NAC） is a counterintuitive 'squeeze-expand' behavior in solids that is very rare but attractive due to possible pressure-response applications and coupling with rich physicochemical ***,NAC behavior is reported in palladium diselenide with a large magnitude and wide pressure *** discover that,apart from the rigid flattening of layers that has been generally recognized,the unexpected giant NAC effect in PdSe2largely comes from anomalous elongation of intralayer chemical *** structural variations are driven by intralayer-to-interlayer charge transfer with enhanced interlayer interactions under *** work updates the mechanical understanding of this anomaly and establishes a new guideline to explore novel compression-induced properties.

关键词： negative area compressibility Lifshitz mechanism charge transfer

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Effect of Grain Boundary engineering on the Work Hardening Behavior of AL6XN Super‑Austenitic Stainless Steel

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2023年第4期36卷 681-693页

作者： X.J.Guan Z.P.Jia M.A.Nozzari Varkani X.W.Li Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry School of Materials Science and EngineeringNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials Ministry of EducationNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

To examine the influence of grain boundary engineering(GBE)on the work hardening behavior,the tensile tests were carried out on the non-GBE and GBE AL6XN super-austenitic stainless steel(ASS)samples with a comparable grain size at two strain rates of 10^(-2)s^(-1)and 10^(-4)s^(-1).The evolution of deformation microstructures was revealed by transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and quasi-in situ electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)*** results show that the influence of GBE on the mechanical properties of AL6XN super-ASS is mainly manifested in the change of work hardening *** the early stage of plastic deformation,GBE samples show a slightly lowered work hardening rate,since the special grain boundaries(SBs)of a high fraction induce a higher dislocation free path and a weaker back stress;however,with increasing plastic deformation amount,the work hardening rate of GBE samples gradually surpasses that of non-GBE samples due to the better capacity of maintainable work hardening that is profited from the inhibited dislocation annihilation by *** a word,the enhanced capacity of sustained work hardening effectively postpones the appearance of necking point and thus efficaciously ameliorates the ductility of GBE samples under the premise of little changes in yield strength and ultimate tensile strength.

关键词： AL6XN super-austenitic stainless steel Grain boundary engineering Work hardening behavior Quasi-in situ observation Ductility

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Extraordinary radiation tolerance of a Ni nanocrystal-decorated carbon nanotube network encapsulated in amorphous carbon

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Journal of materials science & Technology 2023年第24期155卷 253-261页

作者： Kan Cui Yang Zhao Zhi Yu Miaosen Yu Xiaoqi Li Xingwei Huang Jianhang Qiu Liangting Sun Hongwei Zhao Ning Gao Kaiping Tai Chang Liu Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Shenyang 110016 China Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science and Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation (MOE) Shandong University Qingdao 266237 China Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China

Nanostructured materials with abundant defect sinks show good radiation tolerance due to their efficient absorption of irradiation-induced interstitials and ***,the poor thermal stability and limited size of such nanomaterials severely limit their practical ***,we report a novel flexible free-standing network-structured hybrid consisting of amorphous carbon encapsulated nickel nanocrystals anchored on a single-wall carbon nanotube scaffold with excellent radiation tolerance up to 5 dpa at 673 K and exceptional thermal stability up to 1073 *** nano-scale Ni-SWCNT network with abundant Ni-SWCNT interfaces and grain boundaries provides effective sinks and fast transportation channels for defects,which effectively absorb irradiation-induced defects and improved the irradiation ***,the formation of a low-energy Ni-C interface and surface thermal grooves significantly reduces the system free energy and increased thermal *** amorphous carbon layer produces an external compressive radial stress that inhibits Ni grain boundaries from migrating,which greatly improves the thermal stability of the hybrid by pinning GBs at grooves between grains and facilitates the annihilation of irradiation-induced defects at the *** work provides a new strategy to improve the thermal stability and radiation tolerance of nano-materials used in an irradiation environment.

关键词： Radiation tolerance Ni nanocrystals Carbon nanotube Thermal stability Flexible hybrid

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Taming heat with tiny pressure

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 70-78页

作者： Kun Zhang Zhe Zhang Hailong Pan Haoyu Wang Xueting Zhao Ji Qi Zhao Zhang Ruiqi Song Chenyang Yu Biaohong Huang Xujing Li Huaican Chen Wen Yin Changlong Tan Weijin Hu Michael Wüubbenhorst Jiangshui Luo Dehong Yu Zhidong Zhang Bing Li Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Laboratory for Soft Matter and Biophysics Department of Physics and AstronomyKU Leuven3001 LeuvenBelgium Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Spallation Neutron Source Science Center Dongguan 523803China College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610064China School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin 150080China Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation Lucas HeightsNSW 2234Australia

Heat is almost *** electricity,which can be easily manipulated,the current ability to control heat is still highly limited owing to spontaneous thermal dissipation imposed by the second law of *** illumination and pressure have been used to switch endothermic/exothermic responses of materials via phase transitions;however,these strategies are less cost-effective and ***,we spectroscopically demonstrate the glassy crystal state of 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol(AMP)to realize an affordable,easily manageable approach for thermal energy *** supercooled state of AMP is so sensitive to pressure that even several megapascals can induce crystallization to the ordered crystal,resulting in a substantial temperature increase of 48 K within 20 ***,we demonstrate a proof-of-concept device capable of programable heating with an extremely high work-to-heat conversion effi-ciency of*** delicate and efficient tuning of heat may remarkably facilitate rational utilization of waste heat.

关键词： illumination thermal rational

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Cathode nanoarchitectonics with Na_(3)VFe_(0.5)Ti_(0.5)(PO_(4))_(3): Overcoming the energy barriers of multielectron reactions for sodium-ion batteries

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Carbon Energy 2024年第9期6卷 1-14页

作者： Vaiyapuri Soundharrajan Sungjin Kim Subramanian Nithiananth Muhammad H.Alfaruqi JunJi Piao Duong Tung Pham Vinod Mathew Sang A.Han Jung Ho Kim Jaekook Kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Chonnam National UniversityBukguGwangjuRepublic of Korea Graduate School of Science and Technology Shizuoka UniversityHamamatsuShizuokaJapan Departemen Teknik Metalurgi Universitas Teknologi SumbawaSumbawaIndonesia School of Engineering Physics Hanoi University of Science and TechnologyHanoiVietnam Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials(ISEM) Australian Institute of Innovative Materials(AIIM)University of WollongongNorth WollongongNew South WalesAustralia Research Center for Artificial Intelligence Assisted Ionics Based Materials Development Platform Chonnam National UniversityGwangjuRepublic of Korea

High electrochemical stability and safety make Na+superionic conductor(NASICON)-class cathodes highly desirable for Na-ion batteries(SIBs).However,their practical capacity is limited,leading to low specific ***,the low electrical conductivity combined with a decline in capacity upon prolonged cycling(>1000 cycles)related to the loss of active material-carbon conducting contact regions contributes to moderate rate performance and cycling *** need for high specific energy cathodes that meet practical electrochemical requirements has prompted a search for new ***,we introduce a new carbon-coated Na_(3)VFe_(0.5)Ti_(0.5)(PO_(4))_(3)(NVFTP/C)material as a promising candidate in the NASICON family of cathodes for *** a high specific energy of∼457 Wh kg^(-1) and a high Na+insertion voltage of 3.0 V versus Na^(+)/Na,this cathode can undergo a reversible single-phase solid-solution and two-phase(de)sodiation evolution at 28 C(1 C=174.7 mAh g^(-1))for up to 10,000 *** study highlights the potential of utilizing low-cost and highly efficient cathodes made from Earth-abundant and harmless materials(Fe and Ti)with enriched Na^(+)-storage properties in practical SIBs.

关键词： Fe and Ti swapping Na_(3)VFe_(0.5)Ti_(0.5)(PO_(4))_(3) prolonged cycle life structural stabilit

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