Thermal fatigue during processing of microelectronic devices is a general reliability issue of concern in the microelectronic industry. In particular, as devices continue to be downscaled, the relaxation mechanisms op...
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Redox polymers are a class of high-capacity, low-cost electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage, butthe mechanisms governing their cycling stability are not well understood. Here we investigate the effect...
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Redox polymers are a class of high-capacity, low-cost electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage, butthe mechanisms governing their cycling stability are not well understood. Here we investigate the effect of anionson the longevity of a p-dopable polymer through comparing two aqueous zinc-based electrolytes. Galvanostaticcycling studies reveal the polymer has better capacity retention in the presence of triflate anions than that withsulfate anions. Based on electrode microstructural analysis and evolution profiles of the cell stacking pressure, theorigin of capacity decay is ascribed to mechanical fractures induced by volume change of the polymer activematerials during repeated cycling. The volume change of the polymer with the triflate anion is 61% less than thatwith the sulfate anion, resulting in fewer cracks in the electrodes. The difference is related to the different anionsolvation structures—the triflate anion has fewer solvated water molecules compared with the sulfate anion,leading to smaller volume expansion. This work highlights that anions with low solvation degree are preferablefor long-term cycling.
Understanding the mechanical behavior of nanoparticles has become a key factor for the success of many engineering applications. Classically, for polycrystalline materials one would expect an increase in the yield str...
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Ultrathin nanofilm coatings are proposed as novel dual-purpose materials for sensor applications. Flux-based biosensors, such as those employing enzymes, require incorporation of a diffusion-limiting coating to balanc...
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Cu interconnects have decreased in width and arc at around 100 nm. A decrease in interconnect width have led to a predominately bamboo structured Cu lines. In Cu interconnects, void formation during high temperature i...
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For the past two decades, there has been a tremendous amount of research focused on smart coatings for structural applications;coatings that can sense certain conditions and then respond. These are coatings that typic...
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We present an experimental approach to systematically produce nanostructures with various grain sizes and twin densities in the Ni-Co binary system. Using electrodeposition with various applied current densities and o...
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We present an experimental approach to systematically produce nanostructures with various grain sizes and twin densities in the Ni-Co binary system. Using electrodeposition with various applied current densities and organic additive contents in the deposition bath, we synthesize nanostructured fee and hcp solid solutions with a range of compositions. Due to the low stacking fault energy (SFE) of these alloys, growth twins are readily formed during deposition, and by adjusting the deposition conditions, a range of twin boundary densities is possible. The resulting nanostructured alloys cannot be described by a single characteristic length scale, but instead must be characterized in terms of (1) a true grain size pertaining to general high-angle grain boundaries and (2) an effective grain size that incorporates twin boundaries. Analysis of Hall-Petch strength scaling for these materials is complicated by their dual length scales, but the hardness trends found in Ni-80Co are found to be roughly in line with those seen in pure nanocrystalline nickel.
When epoxy coated reinforcement (ECR) was introduced into widespread use in the 1980s, there was tremendous excitement that this type of reinforcement would solve many of the corrosion issues associated with salt-cont...
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