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Thermodynamic and Environmental Assessment of Low-GWP Alternative Refrigerants for Domestic Cooling

Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series C 2023年第2期104卷 377-383页

作者： Islam, Md. Amirul Rupam, Tahmid Hasan Hosan, Shahadat Saha, Bidyut Baran Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering Kyushu University Kasuga-Koen 6-1 Kasuga-Shi Fukuoka816-8580 Japan Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University Gopalganj8100 Bangladesh Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi-Ku Fukuoka819-0395 Japan Kyushu University Program for Leading Graduate School Green Asia Education Center Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi-Ku Fukuoka819-0395 Japan

Nearly two billion air-conditioning (AC) units are currently being used for space cooling worldwide. The majority of these ACs use R134a as the working fluid, a greenhouse gas (GHG) with a global warming potential (GWP) of 1300 kg-CO2-eq. According to the rules set by the world environment safety organizations, the GWP of domestic air-conditioning systems must not exceed 750 kg-CO2-eq. Hence, the R134a must be phased out by 2025, and an alternative refrigerant with similar thermodynamic properties yet low GWP is required. Therefore, the authors have investigated several potential binary/ternary refrigerant blends in this study. Among the studied refrigerants, R445A, R30A, and NPB2 (newly proposed blend: 8% R152a + 92% R1234yf) can reduce 90–99% global warming impact (more than 200 million tonnes of CO2 emission equivalent) caused by the domestic air-conditioning systems every year. © 2023, The Institution of Engineers (India).

关键词： Refrigerants

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Flexible organic solar cells for biomedical devices

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Nano Research 2021年第9期14卷 2891-2903页

作者： Bin Kan Faheem Ershad Zhoulyu Rao Cunjiang Yu Department of Mechanical Engineering University of HoustonHoustonTX 77204USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of HoustonHoustonTX 77204USA Materials Science and Engineering Program University of HoustonHoustonTX 77204USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of HoustonHoustonTX 77204USA Texas Center for Superconductivity University of HoustonHoustonTX 77204USA

Organic solar cells(OSCs),particularly made based on solution processing methods,have made significant progress over the past decades through the concurrent evolution of organic photovoltaic materials and device ***,high power conversion efficiencies around 18%and over 16%have been demonstrated in both rigid and flexible OSCs,*** most of the OSC research has centered on efficiency and cost,their emerging and potential usages in many critical applications,particularly in biomedical fields have been *** this mini-review,we will briefly discuss the high-performance organic photovoltaic materials and the representative flexible OSCs to give a scope on the recent rapid development of ***,we will review some progress on the applications of OSCs in biomedical devices and integrated *** potential challenges associated with integrating OSCs for biomedical devices will be put forward.

关键词： organic solar cells photovoltaic flexible biomedical bioelectronics

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Water Distillation-Advances, Challenges & Future Directions: A Brief Review

Water Distillation-Advances, Challenges & Future Directions:...

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IEEE International Conference on Emerging & Sustainable Technologies for Power & ICT in a Developing Society (NIGERCON)

作者： Remilekun R. Elewa Temitayo S. Ogedengbe Olawale Charles Ogunnigbo Sunday A. Afolalu Moses E. Emetere Adediran A.A Oluwatoyin Augustine Ojo Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Department Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti Nigeria Mechanical Engineering Department Nile University of Nigeria Abuja Department of Mechanical Science University Johannesburg South Africa Physics Program. Bowen University Iwo Osun State Nigeria Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering Federal University Ekiti Nigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering Science University of Johannesburg South Africa

ISBN: (数字)9798331542559

ISBN: (纸本)9798331542566

Every human being has the basic need for clean drinking water, however 1.1 billion people worldwide do not have access to it. While there are other methods for purifying water, including filtration, reverse osmosis, UV light, and carbon absorption, but distillation and boiling are the most dependable. Distillation is a vital method of purifying water, particularly in areas where tap water or water resources are unfit for human consumption without chemical or heating treatment. This review discusses the recent advances in water distillation. The techniques employed and challenges involved have also been discussed. Finally, the future direction of technology in this regard has been reviewed.

关键词： Humanities Heat treatment Reviews Purification Filtration Water heating Production Reverse osmosis Water resources Chemicals

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First principles derivation of a Rayleigh Gans Debye model for scattering from anisotropic inhomogeneities

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Shachar, M.H. Garay, J.E. Materials Science & Engineering Program Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Department University of California San Diego La Jolla CA United States

Scattering problems are important in describing light propagation in wide ranging media such as the atmosphere, colloidal solutions, metamaterials, glass ceramic composites, transparent polycrystalline ceramics, and surfaces. The Rayleigh-Gans-Debye (RGD) approximation has enjoyed great success in describing a wide range of scattering phenomena. We derive a generalized RGD formulation from the perturbation of Maxwell’s equations. In contrast to most treatments of RGD scattering, our formulation can model any soft scattering phenomena in linear media, including scattering by stochastic process, lossy media, and by anisotropic inhomogeneities occurring at multiple length scales. Our first-principles derivation makes explicit underlying assumptions and provides jumping-off points for more general treatments. The derivation also facilitates a deeper understanding of soft scattering. It is demonstrated that sources of scattering are not interfaces as is often presumed, but excess accelerating charges emitting uncompensated radiation. Approximations to the equations are also presented and discussed. For example, the scattering coefficient in the large-size RGD limit is shown to be proportional to the correlation length and the variance of a projected phase shift. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Random processes

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Tunable Multimodal Guided Surface Lattice Resonances in Index-Discontinuous Environments

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Huang, Suichu Yao, Kan Huang, Wentao Zhao, Xuezheng Zheng, Yuebing Pan, Yunlu Key Laboratory of Micro-Systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing Ministry of Education School of Mechatronics Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150001 China Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering Material Science and Engineering Program Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States

Surface lattice resonances (SLRs) in metasurfaces are promising in applications of sub-wavelength devices, owning properties such as high quality (high-Q) factors, large local field enhancement and extensive long-range interaction. The tunable peak position and multimodal resonances of SLRs further enhance their appeal for flexible and multi-wavelength light-matter interactions. Despite these advantages, the realization of tunable multimodal SLRs often requires reconfiguring the lattices, leading to limited tunability. Furthermore, current high-Q SLR implementations necessitate a homogeneous dielectric environment, restricting potential applications such as biosensors that are typically operated in an aqueous or air cladding on a substrate. Here we present guided-SLRs (gSLRs), which are easily accessible in index-discontinuous environments while retaining the multimodal property and straightforward tunability of mode number, resonance wavelengths and mode coupling strengths. The gSLRs are achieved by coupling the scattered light from metasurface units into a slab waveguide, creating a light propagating channel in the lattice plane within an index-asymmetric environment. Tailoring the radiation pattern of individual units with guided transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes, multimodal resonances in both orthogonal and parallel coupling directions are accomplished. The mode number and resonance wavelengths can be easily controlled by adjusting the waveguide configuration, while the mode coupling strength is tuned by the vertical position of lattices in the slab. Further shift of the multimodal gSLRs from visible to near-infrared is achieved by introducing a gold backplane. The easy-to-access, flexibly tunable and multimodal gSLRs in inhomogeneous media offer a promising solution to advancing the realization of ultrathin and ultracompact nano-optical and optoelectronic devices. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Waveguides

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Preparation of Graphene Aerogel for Application in Solar Energy Harvesting

Preparation of Graphene Aerogel for Application in Solar Ene...

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2022 Advances in science and engineering Technology International Conferences, ASET 2022

作者： Alhammadi, Alya Alnaqbi, Amna Almarashda, Meera Alasad, Shamma Alashkar, Adnan Inayat, Abrar Abdelkareem, Mohammad Alami, Abdul Hai University of Sharjah Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering Department Sharjah United Arab Emirates American University of Sharjah Mechanical Engineering Department Sharjah United Arab Emirates American University of Sharjah Materials Science and Engineering PhD Program Sharjah United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9781665418010

In this paper, Graphene Aerogel (GA) is prepared and investigated for its potential employment for solar energy harvesting applications. GA can be applied in solar cells applications as an absorption material and as a catalyst for fuel cells. GA is characterized by its extraordinary electrical conductivity and mechanical strength, in addition to a large surface and a low density. The electrical, mechanical, thermal, and absorption characteristics of GA can be tuned depending on the manufacturing process. Hence, GA is utilized in a multitude of applications such as: supercapacitors, air purification, oil and dye absorption from water, and water waste treatment. GA is also an excellent candidate for superior electrodes. In addition, GA are environmentally friendly materials since they are 100% recyclable and do not produce any ozone-depleting compounds. In this paper, GA is synthesized, characterized, and assessed for solar energy harvesting applications with the aid of absorption and Cyclic voltammetry (CV) tests. Results show that GA has immense potential in solar application due to its low band gap and outstanding optical and electrochemical properties. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Cyclic voltammetry

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Characterization of Nanocomposite Membrane Based Bacterial Cellulose Made of Pineapple Waste Reinforced by Graphite Nanoplatelets

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Journal of Renewable materials 2022年第9期10卷 2465-2475页

作者： Heru Suryanto Bili Darnanto Susilo Jibril Maulana Aminnudin Uun Yanuhar Surjani Wonorahardjo Husni Wahyu Wijaya Abu Saad Ansari Center of Excellence for Cellulose Composite(CECCom) Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversitas Negeri MalangMalang65145Indonesia Centre of Advanced Material for Renewable Energy(CAMRY) Universitas Negeri MalangMalang65145Indonesia Master Program of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas Negeri MalangMalang65145Indonesia Department of Aquatic Resources Management Faculty of Fisheries and Marine SciencesBrawijaya UniversityMalang65145Indonesia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversitas Negeri MalangMalang65145Indonesia Department of Materials Science&Engineering Incheon National UniversityIncheon464-742South Korea

Waste is the main problem for the *** waste for various useful applications has a benefit for the *** work has been studied for handling pineapple peel waste to make composite film bacterial cellulose nanocomposite membrane(BCNM)with addition graphite nanoplatelet(GNP).The concentration of GNP in the membrane influence the membrane *** bacterial cellulose(BC)pellicle was synthesized by using media from pineapple peel waste *** pellicle is cleaned with water and NaOH solution to be free from *** is synthesized through the mechanical disintegration *** results of disintegration using high pressure homogenizer at 150 bar and five ***/GNP is synthesized with varying addition of GNP of 2.5,5.0,10 and 100 wt%of dry bacterial nanocellulose(BNC).The BC and GNP solution were dried in an oven for 14 h at 80℃.BCNM morphology was observed using *** is dispersed and distributed in the BC matrix as *** analysis shows many peaks of BNC less pronounced with increasing of *** higher concentration of GNP,the rougher of *** optimum tensile strength of BCNM was achieved after addition GNP of 2.5 wt%.

关键词： Bacterial nanocellulose graphite nanoplatelet membrane nanocomposite pineapple waste

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Evidence of magnetoelectronic electromagnon-mediated transport in flexoelectronic heterostructures

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Physical Review B 2023年第16期107卷 165305-165305页

作者： Anand Katailiha Paul C. Lou Ravindra G. Bhardwaj W. P. Beyermann Sandeep Kumar Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California Riverside California 92521 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California Riverside California 92521 USA Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California Riverside California 92521 USA

The superposition of atomic vibrations and flexoelectronic effect gives rise to a cross correlation between free charge carriers and temporal magnetic moment of phonons in conducting heterostructures under an applied strain gradient. The resulting dynamical coupling is expected to give rise to quasiparticle excitations called magnetoelectronic electromagnons that carry electronic charge and temporal magnetic moment. Here, we report experimental evidence of magnetoelectronic electromagnons in the freestanding degenerately doped p-Si based heterostructure thin film samples. These quasiparticle excitations give rise to long-distance (>100 μm) spin transport, demonstrated using spatially modulated transverse magnetothermoelectric and nonlocal resistance measurements. The magnetoelectronic electromagnons are nonreciprocal and give rise to large magnetochiral anisotropy (0.352A−1T−1) that diminishes at lower temperatures. The superposition of nonreciprocal magnetoelectronic electromagnons gives rise to longitudinal and transverse modulations in charge carrier density, spin density, and magnetic moment, demonstrated using the Hall effect and edge dependent magnetoresistance measurements, which can also be called inhomogeneous magnetoelectronic multiferroic effect. These quasiparticle excitations are analogous to photons where time dependent polarization and temporal magnetic moment replace electric and magnetic field, respectively, and most likely topological because they manifest topological Nernst effect. Hence, the magnetoelectronic electromagnon can potentially give rise to quantum interference and entanglement effects in conducting solid state systems at room temperature in addition to efficient spin transport.

关键词： Flexoelectricity Magnetic coupling Magnetotransport Spin current Spin-phonon coupling Doped semiconductors Multiferroics

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Piezoelectric electrostatic superlattices in monolayer MoS2

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Physical Review materials 2024年第1期8卷 014002-014002页

作者： Ashwin Ramasubramaniam Doron Naveh Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Massachusetts Amherst 01003 MA United States Materials Science and Engineering Graduate Program University of Massachusetts Amherst 01003 MA United States Faculty of Engineering Bar-Ilan University Ramat Gan 52900 Israel Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Bar-Ilan University Ramat Gan 52900 Israel

Modulation of electronic properties of materials by electric fields is central to the operation of modern semiconductor devices, providing access to complex electronic behaviors and greater freedom in tuning the energy bands of materials. Here, we explore one-dimensional superlattices induced by a confining electrostatic potential in monolayer MoS2, a prototypical two-dimensional semiconductor. Using first-principles calculations, we show that periodic potentials applied to monolayer MoS2 induce electrostatic superlattices in which the response is dominated by structural distortions relative to purely electronic effects. These structural distortions reduce the intrinsic band gap of the monolayer substantially while also polarizing the monolayer through piezoelectric coupling, resulting in spatial separation of charge carriers as well as Stark shifts that produce dispersive minibands. Importantly, these minibands inherit the valley-selective magnetic properties of monolayer MoS2, enabling fine control over spin-valley coupling in MoS2 and similar transition-metal dichalcogenides.

关键词： Electronic structure Piezoelectricity Valley degrees of freedom

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Micromechanical behavior of (CoCrNi) 94 Al 3 Ti 3 medium-entropy alloy

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Journal of materials Research and Technology 2025年 37卷 41-47页

作者： Ming Liu Zhitong Xu Rui Liang Shanhong Wan Fuqian Yang Jinyang Jiang Department of Engineering Science Faculty of Innovation Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology Macau SAR 999078 China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Terahertz Functional Devices and Intelligent Sensing School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou University Fuzhou Fujian 350108 China State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou Gansu 73000 China Materials Program Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40506 USA Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Construction Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China

The micromechanical behavior of (CoCrNi) 94 Al 3 Ti 3 medium-entropy alloy (MEA) with and without Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles was investigated by nanoindentation, microhardness, and microscratch tests. Adding Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles in the (CoCrNi) 94 Al 3 Ti 3 MEA increases elastic modulus, hardness, brittleness, and friction coefficient. The MEAs with and without Al 2 O 3 exhibit indentation-induced pile-up, resulting in the inapplicability of the Oliver & Pharr method. The elastic modulus and indentation hardness were assessed by the work-based approach. Indentation size effect is observed for the MEA, but is absent with the addition of Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles.

关键词： Medium-entropy alloy Microhardness Microscratch Nanoindentation Micromechanical characterization

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