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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Hongru Ding Pavana Siddhartha Kollipara Kan Yao Yuebing Zheng Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX USA Materials Science & Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX USA

We report a new optical platform to achieve on-demand multimodal manipulation of micro/nanoparticles by a synergy of optical and thermal forces.

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

We report a new optical platform to achieve on-demand multimodal manipulation of micro/nanoparticles by a synergy of optical and thermal forces.

关键词： Laser beams Nanoparticles Optical force Optical manipulation Optical tweezers Spatial resolution

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Erosion-corrosion resistance of Mo-Ti- and Ni-Cr-Mo-alloyed medium-carbon martensitic steels: a critical analysis of synergistic effect of erosion and corrosion

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2022年第8期29卷 1299-1311页

作者： De-fa Li Hang-yu Dong Cheng-yang Hu Kai-ming Wu Serhii Yershov Oleg Isayev School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering West Anhui UniversityLuan 237012AnhuiChina The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Systems Science on Metallurgical ProcessingInternational Research Institute for Steel TechnologyWuhan University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430081HubeiChina Laboratory for Excellence in Advanced Steel Research Materials Science and Engineering ProgramDepartment of MetallurgicalMaterials and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Texas at El PasoEl PasoTX 79968USA

Grain refinement renders Mo-Ti-alloyed medium-carbon martensitic steel to exhibit high hardness,high strength,and good toughness,but the erosion-corrosion resistance of steel in a corrosive slurry environment is not ***-Ti-alloyed medium-carbon martensitic steel is compared with Ni-Cr-Mo-alloyed medium-carbon martensitic steel,and the erosion-corrosion resistance of those two steels under impingement by NaCl solution with gravels has been *** components,pure-corrosion rate,pure-erosion rate,and synergistic effect of erosion and corrosion(SEEC)of erosion-corrosion rate,were *** pure-corrosion and pure-erosion rates of Mo-Ti-alloyed steel were higher than those of Ni-Cr-Mo-alloyed one;however,its erosion-corrosion rate was relatively lower because of a weak *** plastic deformation and work hardening due to gravel impingement were the essential reason for SEEC,which could be reduced by grain refinement,and consequently,Mo-Ti-alloyed steel with finer grains had better erosion-corrosion *** refinement could be an effective way to improve the erosion-corrosion resistance of martensitic steels.

关键词： Grain refinement Mo-Ti alloying Ni-Cr-Mo alloying Martensite Erosion-corrosion

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Processing-dependent stabilization of a dissimilar rare-earth boride in high-entropy (Ti0.2Zr0.2Hf0.2Ta0.2Er0.2)B2 with enhanced hardness and grain boundary segregation

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Journal of the European Ceramic Society 2022年第12期42卷 5164-5171页

作者： Qin, Mingde Shivakumar, Sashank Lei, Tianjiao Gild, Joshua Hessong, Esther C. Wang, Haoren Vecchio, Kenneth S. Rupert, Timothy J. Luo, Jian Program of Materials Science and Engineering University of California San Diego La JollaCA92093 United States Department of NanoEngineering University of California San Diego La JollaCA92093 United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California Irvine IrvineCA92697 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Irvine IrvineCA92697 United States

This study demonstrates that 20% of a rare-earth (RE) diboride (ErB2) can be stabilized in a high-entropy transition metal (TM) diboride, despite the dissimilar chemical properties of RE and TM elements and large differences in lattice parameters of ErB2 and typical TMB2. However, the phase formation depends on the fabrication route, which is a noteworthy observation. Specifically, single-phase (Ti0.2Zr0.2Hf0.2Ta0.2Er0.2)B2 is synthesized via reactive spark plasma sintering (SPS) using elemental boron and metal elements. In contract, a specimen made by borocarbothermal reduction of binary oxides and SPS possess significant amounts of two Er-rich secondary phases. Notably, the RE addition in high-entropy TM diboride leads to improved hardness. Aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy (AC STEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) elemental analyses further reveal significant Er segregation at grain boundaries. This work suggests that high-entropy ceramics can have significant solubilities of dissimilar components that may enable new, tunable, and improved properties. © 2022 The Authors

关键词： Rare earths

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Vortex Formation of Active Particles within a Confined Geometry by Velocity Alignment

Vortex Formation of Active Particles within a Confined Geome...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Zhihan Chen Hongru Ding Yuebing Zheng Materials Science & Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX USA Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX USA

we have developed an optical feedback control system with synchronous control of active particles to study collective motion in nature. Fish-like vortex is observed within a circular confined geometry based on the par... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Coherence Light fields Optical feedback Polarization Rubidium Spatial light modulators

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Molecular simulation-guided and physics-informed mechanistic modeling of multifunctional polymers

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2021年第5期37卷 725-745,I0002页

作者： Guang Chen Weikang Xian Qiming Wang Ying Li Department of Mechanical Engineering University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA Sonny Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Polymer Program Institute of Materials ScienceUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA

Polymeric materials have a broad range of mechanical and physical *** have been widely used in material science,biomedical engineering,chemical engineering,and mechanical *** introduction of active elements into the soft matrix of polymers has enabled much more diversified functionalities of polymeric materials,such as self-healing,electroactive,magnetosensitive,pH-responsive,and many *** further enable applications of these multifunctional polymers,a mechanistic modeling method is required and of great significance,as it can provide links between materials’micro/nano-structures and their macroscopic mechanical *** this goal,molecular simulation plays an important role in understanding the deformation and evolution of polymer networks under external loads and *** molecular insights provide physical guidance in the formulation of mechanistic-based continuum models for multifunctional *** this perspective,we present a molecular simulation-guided and physics-informed modeling framework for polymeric ***,the physical theory for polymer chains and their networks is briefly *** serves as the foundation for mechanistic-models of polymers,linking their chemistry,physics,and mechanics ***,the deformation of the polymer network is used to derive the strain energy density ***,the corresponding continuum models can capture the intrinsic deformation mechanisms of polymer *** then highlight several representative examples across multiphysics coupling problems to describe in detail for this proposed *** but not least,we discuss potential challenges and opportunities in the modeling of multifunctional polymers for future research directions.

关键词： Molecular simulation Multiphysics modeling Multiscale modeling Multifunctional polymers Soft Matter

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Optically-generated focused ultrasound for noninvasive brain stimulation with ultrahigh precision

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Light(science & Applications) 2022年第11期11卷 2817-2831页

作者： Yueming Li Ying Jiang Lu Lan Xiaowei Ge Ran Cheng Yuewei Zhan Guo Chen Linli Shi Runyu Wang Nan Zheng Chen Yang Ji-Xin Cheng Department of Mechanical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Graduate Program for Neuroscience Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Chemistry Boston UniversitBostonMA 02215USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Division of Materials Science and Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02142USA

High precision neuromodulation is a powerful tool to decipher neurocircuits and treat neurological *** non-invasive neuromodulation methods offer limited precision at the milimeter ***,we report opticallygenerated focused ultrasound(OFUS)for non-invasive brain stimulation with ultrahigh *** is generated by a soft optoacoustic pad(SOAP)fabricated through embedding candle soot nanoparticles in a curved polydimethylsiloxane *** generates a transcranial ultrasound focus at 15 MHz with an ultrahigh lateral resolution of 83μm,which is two orders of magnitude smaller than that of conventional transcranial-focused ultrasound(tFUS).Here,we show effective OFUS neurostimulation in vitro with a single ultrasound *** demonstrate submillimeter transcranial stimulation of the mouse motor cortex in *** acoustic energy of 0.6 mJ/cm?,four orders of magnitude less than that of tFUS,is suffcient for successful OFUS *** offers new capabilities for neuroscience studies and disease treatments by delivering a focus with ultrahigh precision noninvasively.

关键词： SOAP stimulation precision

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Multidisciplinary Control Co-Design Optimization of Anguilliform-Swimming Soft Fluidic Robots

Multidisciplinary Control Co-Design Optimization of Anguilli...

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IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft)

作者： Andrew Fletcher Ru Xiang Luca Scotzniovsky Jacobo Cervera-Torralba Michael T. Tolley John T. Hwang Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California San Diego (UCSD) La Jolla CA USA

ISBN: (数字)9798331520205

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520212

Anguilliform-swimming soft fluidic robots hold great promise for a range of underwater applications. However, because they leverage the complex dynamics of soft bodies interacting with fluids, it is challenging to use intuition to determine design parameters. Multidisciplinary design optimization offers a promising solution to this challenge by providing an automated and systematic method for leveraging computational models to find optimal design parameters. This study investigates a method for multidisciplinary control co-design optimization of anguilliform-swimming soft robots, using physics-based models to optimize shape and control parameters. The modeling framework includes a geometry-centric approach for geometry modeling and parameterization, a three-dimensional finite element model for structural mechanics, and an unsteady panel method for fluid dynamics. The approach is tested by applying it to the optimization of a pre-existing eel-inspired soft robot. Model parameters are estimated from existing experimental data, and two control co-design optimizations, with high-level and multilevel shape parameterizations, are performed to minimize energy cost. The optimized actuator module is manufactured, and used to collect additional data for re-estimating the structural model parameters. The optimization is performed again with the updated model parameters, showing a simulated energy cost reduction of 45% and the prescribed 128% speed increase compared to the baseline design with optimized control and updated model parameters. These results demonstrate the potential of the proposed optimization approach to advance the performance of anguilliform-swimming soft fluidic robots.

关键词： Geometry Solid modeling Costs Shape Computational modeling Fluid dynamics Soft robotics Data models Manufacturing Optimization

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Injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Contact with Bone Substitutes, Porous Zirconia, or Laser-Textured Implant Surfaces: A Detailed Morphological Analysis

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Biomedical materials and Devices 2024年第1期2卷 415-426页

作者： Oliveira, Miguel Noronha Varela, Hugo Almeida Nascimento, Rubens M. Sahoo, Narayan Carvalho, Oscar Henriques, Bruno Souza, Júlio C. M. Ceramic and Composite Materials Research Group (CERMAT) Department of Mechanical Engineering (EMC) Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) Post-graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande Norte (UFRN) Center for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMINHO) Universidade do Minho LABBELS - Associate Laboratory University of Minho University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS) CESPU

The aim of the present study was to perform a detailed morphological analysis of an injectable platelet rich fibrin after combination with two different particulate hydroxyapatite-based granules, a porous zirconia block, and laser-textured zirconia or titanium surfaces. Blood samples were harvested from three participants to prepare the flowable injectable PRF in contact or not with particulate hydroxyapatite (Hap), bone mineral granules (DBBM), porous zirconia blocks, laser-textured titanium or zirconia surfaces. Optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to evaluate the fibrin network density, fibrin fibers’ diameter, blood cells, and the interaction of PRF with the biomaterials. Histomorphometry of the flowable PRF was also performed using the hematoxylin–eosin staining protocol. Specimens were independently evaluated by two blinded and well-trained researchers in histomorphometry and microscopy. Particulate Hap and DBBM shown different morphological aspects by SEM analyses since DBBM revealed macro- and micro-scale pores while Hap revealed a dense structure. Hydroxyapatite and DBBM granules were entirely embedded by the fibrin-network in the presence of leukocytes and blood platelets. The zirconia porous structured was filled with PRF and its components. Also, the laser-structured zirconia or implant surfaces were entirely coated with the PRF fibrin network embedding leukocytes and blood platelets. Laser-textured titanium surfaces revealed macro- and micro-scale irregularities that increase the surface area and retention of the injectable PRF. Histomorphometric analyses revealed complementary details on the distribution of lymphocytes, red blood cells, and fibrin associated with platelet aggregation. The flowing and viscosity of an injectable platelet rich fibrin provided an agglomeration of synthetic or xenogeneic particulate bone substitutes and the coating of porous zirconia and textured implant surfaces as inspected by scanning electron microsc

关键词： Bone healing Bone substitutes Histology Morphology Platelet-rich fibrin

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Scalable Arrays of Pneumatic Sensors for Multitouch Soft Skins

Scalable Arrays of Pneumatic Sensors for Multitouch Soft Ski...

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IEEE International Conference on Soft Robotics (RoboSoft)

作者： Xiaoran Zha Saurabh Jadhav Iman Adibnazari Yichen Zhai Michael T. Tolley Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California San Diego San Diego CA USA

Soft robotic systems necessitate accurate and reliable sensor readings to detect environmental interactions and provide precise feedback for control. To be effective, soft sensors must exhibit sensitivity, reliability, repeatability, and flexibility. A versatile approach to sensing for soft robots uses soft air-filled deformable structures with pressure transducers to detect pressure changes due to applied forces. However, the common approach of employing one pressure transducer per sensing chamber limits the scalability of this sensing approach (e.g., for large arrays able to detect touch at many locations). Here we present an approach to the design of pneumatic sensor arrays that reduces the number of required transducers. We develop mathematical models to analyze the pressure variations within the sensor arrays in response to applied forces at various locations. We also introduce a method of rapidly fabricating sensor arrays by laminating elastomeric sheets patterned with laser-cut sacrificial layers. We then use our model to optimize the geometry of the sensors and evaluate the results experimentally. Finally, we devise an algorithm capable of determining the location of multiple touches anywhere within the sensor array. This work represents a step towards the practical application of soft pneumatic sensors, particularly for robotic sensing and haptic devices, enhancing the safety of human-robot interactions.

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Fully rubbery synaptic transistors made out of all-organic materials for elastic neurological electronic skin

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Nano Research 2022年第2期15卷 758-764页

作者： Hyunseok Shim Seonmin Jang Jae Gyu Jang Zhoulyu Rao Jong-ln Hong Kyoseung Sim Cunjiang Yu Materials Science and Engineering Program University of HoustonHoustonTX 77204 USA Department of Chemistry Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology(UNIST)Ulsan 44919Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering University of HoustonHoustonTX 77204 USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of HoustonHoustonTX 77204USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of HoustonHoustonTX 77204 USA Texas Center for Superconductivity University of HoustonHoustonTX 77204USA

Neurologic function implemented soft organic electronic skin holds promise for wide range of applications,such as skin prosthetics,neurorobot,bioelectronics,human-robotic interaction(HRI),***,we report the development of a fully rubbery synaptic transistor which consists of all-organic materials,which shows unique synaptic characteristics existing in biological *** synaptic characteristics retained even under mechanical stretch by 30%.We further developed a neurological electronic skin in a fully rubbery format based on two mechanoreceptors(for synaptic potentiation or depression)of pressure-sensitive rubber and an all-organic synaptic *** converting tactile signals into Morse Code,potentiation and depression of excitatory postsynaptic current(EPSC)signals allow the neurological electronic skin on a human forearm to communicate with a robotic *** collective studies on the materials,devices,and their characteristics revealed the fundamental aspects and applicability of the all-organic synaptic transistor and the neurological electronic skin.

关键词： synaptic transistor stretchable electronic skin all-organic

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