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Virtual Palette: An Efficient Object Tracking Tool

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Virtual Palette: An Efficient Object Tracking Tool

Sustainable Computing and Smart Systems (ICSCSS), International Conference on

作者： R. Madhura S. Nikkath Bushra Devi P. P Sasigresa P Department of Computing Technologies SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattangulathur Chennai Tamil Nadu India Department of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering (Data Science) Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology

ISBN: (数字)9798350379990

ISBN: (纸本)9798350391558

Virtual Palette is a cutting-edge tool designed to enhance audience participation by providing an alternative to conventional jamboards for educators. Leveraging object tracking, a fundamental component of computer vision, it facilitates seamless and intuitive interactions with the audience. The video analysis process comprises three primary steps: object detection, object tracking across frames, and object behavior analysis. This sophisticated approach necessitates meticulous consideration of elements such as accurate object representation, feature selection for tracking, object recognition, and object tracking. One of the primary advantages of Virtual Palette over traditional mouse or touchpad devices is its ability to support clear and legible drawing and effective interaction in virtual environments. This feature is particularly beneficial for individuals with hearing impairments, aiding in the identification of patterns and drawings. The development of Virtual Palette involves overcoming challenges such as precise three-dimensional finger movement tracking and optimizing the technology for virtual backgrounds. Overall, Virtual Palette offers a dynamic and interactive teaching experience, akin to the advantages provided by screen recording for creating tutorials and virtual documentation.

关键词： Fingers Virtual environments Tutorials Transforms Object detection Green computing Feature extraction

Modeling lens potentials with continuous neural fields in galaxy-scale strong lenses

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Biggio, Luca Vernardos, Georgios Galan, Aymeric Peel, Austin Data Analytics Lab Institute of Machine Learning Department of Computer Science ETHZ Switzerland Observatoire de Sauverny Versoix1290 Switzerland

Strong gravitational lensing is a unique observational tool for studying the dark and luminous mass distribution both within and between galaxies. Given the presence of substructures, current strong lensing observations demand more complex mass models than smooth analytical profiles, such as power-law ellipsoids. In this work, we introduce a continuous neural field to predict the lensing potential at any position throughout the image plane, allowing for a nearly model-independent description of the lensing mass. We apply our method on simulated Hubble Space Telescope imaging data containing different types of perturbations to a smooth mass distribution: a localized dark subhalo, a population of subhalos, and an external shear perturbation. Assuming knowledge of the source surface brightness, we use the continuous neural field to model either the perturbations alone or the full lensing potential. In both cases, the resulting model is able to fit the imaging data, and we are able to accurately recover the properties of both the smooth potential and of the perturbations. Unlike many other deep learning methods, ours explicitly retains lensing physics (i.e., the lens equation) and introduces high flexibility in the model only where required, namely, in the lens potential. Moreover, the neural network does not require pre-training on large sets of labelled data and predicts the potential from the single observed lensing image. Our model is implemented in the fully differentiable lens modeling code Herculens. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Gravitation

Instance-Dependent Noisy Label learning via Graphical Modelling

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Garg, Arpit Nguyen, Cuong Felix, Rafael Do, Thanh-Toan Carneiro, Gustavo Australian Institute for Machine Learning University of Adelaide Australia Department of Data Science and AI Faculty of Information Technology Monash University Australia

Noisy labels are unavoidable yet troublesome in the ecosystem of deep learning because models can easily overfit them. There are many types of label noise, such as symmetric, asymmetric and instance-dependent noise (IDN), with IDN being the only type that depends on image information. Such dependence on image information makes IDN a critical type of label noise to study, given that la-belling mistakes are caused in large part by insufficient or ambiguous information about the visual classes present in images. Aiming to provide an effective technique to address IDN, we present a new graphical modelling approach called InstanceGM, that combines discriminative and generative models. The main contributions of InstanceGM are: i) the use of the continuous Bernoulli distribution to train the generative model, offering significant training advantages, and ii) the exploration of a state-of-the-art noisy-label discriminative classifier to generate clean labels from instance-dependent noisy-label samples. InstanceGM is competitive with current noisy-label learning approaches, particularly in IDN benchmarks using synthetic and real-world datasets, where our method shows better accuracy than the competitors in most experiments. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Deep learning

Uni-3DAR: Unified 3D Generation and Understanding via Autoregression on Compressed Spatial Tokens

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Lu, Shuqi Lin, Haowei Yao, Lin Gao, Zhifeng Ji, Xiaohong Weinan, E. Zhang, Linfeng Ke, Guolin DP Technology Beijing100080 China AI for Science Institute Beijing100080 China School of Mathematical Sciences Peking University Beijing100871 China Center for Machine Learning Research Peking University Beijing100084 China Institute for Artificial Intelligence Peking University Beijing100871 China

Recent advancements in large language models and their multi-modal extensions have demonstrated the effectiveness of unifying generation and understanding through autoregressive next-token prediction. However, despite the critical role of 3D structural generation and understanding (3D GU) in AI for science, these tasks have largely evolved independently, with autoregressive methods remaining under-explored. To bridge this gap, we introduce Uni-3DAR, a unified framework that seamlessly integrates 3D GU tasks via autoregressive prediction. At its core, Uni-3DAR employs a novel hierarchical tokenization that compresses 3D space using an octree, leveraging the inherent sparsity of 3D structures. It then applies an additional tokenization for fine-grained structural details, capturing key attributes such as atom types and precise spatial coordinates in microscopic 3D structures. We further propose two optimizations to enhance efficiency and effectiveness. The first is a two-level subtree compression strategy, which reduces the octree token sequence by up to 8x. The second is a masked next-token prediction mechanism tailored for dynamically varying token positions, significantly boosting model performance. By combining these strategies, Uni-3DAR successfully unifies diverse 3D GU tasks within a single autoregressive framework. Extensive experiments across multiple microscopic 3D GU tasks, including molecules, proteins, polymers, and crystals, validate its effectiveness and versatility. Notably, Uni-3DAR surpasses previous state-of-the-art diffusion models by a substantial margin, achieving up to 256% relative improvement while delivering inference speeds up to 21.8x faster. The code is publicly available at https://***/dptech-corp/Uni-3DAR. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Digital elevation model

learning trivializing gradient flows for lattice gauge theories

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Physical Review D 2023年第5期107卷 L051504-L051504页

作者： Simone Bacchio Pan Kessel Stefan Schaefer Lorenz Vaitl Computation-based Science and Technology Research Center The Cyprus Institute Nicosia Cyprus Machine Learning Group Technische Universität Berlin Berlin Germany BIFOLD Berlin Institute for the Foundations of Learning and Data Berlin Germany John von Neumann-Institut für Computing NIC Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Germany

We propose a unifying approach that starts from the perturbative construction of trivializing maps by Lüscher and then improves on it by learning. The resulting continuous normalizing flow model can be implemented using common tools of lattice field theory and requires several orders of magnitude fewer parameters than any existing machine learning approach. Specifically, our model can achieve competitive performance with as few as 14 parameters while existing deep-learning models have around 1 million parameters for SU(3) Yang-Mills theory on a 162 lattice. This has obvious consequences for training speed and interpretability. It also provides a plausible path for scaling machine-learning approaches toward realistic theories.

关键词： Lattice gauge theory Metropolis algorithm Monte Carlo methods

An Optimized Hybrid Deep learning and IoT-Enabled Health System in Retina Image Analysis for Blindness Detection

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An Optimized Hybrid Deep Learning and IoT-Enabled Health Sys...

Self Sustainable Artificial Intelligence Systems (ICSSAS), International Conference on

作者： J Yamini T Kanimozhi A Jenefa K Bagyalakshmi K Aarthi P Dhivya Department of Artificial Intelligence and Machine learning Kalaignar Karunanidhi Institute of Technology Coimbatore India Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Sri Eshwar College of Engineering Coimbatore India Department of Computer Science and Engineering PPG Institute of Technology Coimbatore India Department of Mathematics SNS College of Technology Coimbatore India Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Kalaignar Karunanidhi Institute of Technology Coimbatore India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Bannari Amman Institute of Technology Erode India

ISBN: (数字)9798350368413

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368420

Early signs of blind identification and retina disorder in retina image has become prominent. Deep learning techniques are used to improve the accuracy in detecting pathological conditions from the retina images. However, the models have some challenges such as suboptimal feature extraction and inefficient filtering methods. Most of the traditional methods often result in overfitting and under fitting, thus decreasing the generalizability and robustness of the model. The proposed hybrid approach combines bilateral filtering with Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). In this approach, bilateral filtering acts as a pre-processing technique to enhance image quality by reducing noise and preserving edges for the correct extraction of features. The CNN is applied for feature extraction and it is used to self-learn complex patterns from filtered images. The proposed approach gives an accuracy of $95.65 \%$ with a loss of 0.18 without overfitting and underfitting.

关键词： Optical filters Accuracy Filtering Noise Predictive models Retina Feature extraction Convolutional neural networks Diseases Overfitting

RVPD: An Automated System for Calculating the Tortuosity and Bifurcation Angles of Retinal Vessels to Predict Diseases

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RVPD: An Automated System for Calculating the Tortuosity and...

IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： Guangzhengao Yang Xingyu Luo Jie Zhao Fangfang Fan Haoshen Li Bin Dong Li Zhang Yan Zhang Center for Data Science Peking University China Department of Cardiology Peking University First Hospital China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analysis and Applications Peking University China Peking University Changsha Institute for Computing and Digital Economy China Beijing International Center for Mathematical Research Peking University China Center for Machine Learning Research Peking University China National Biomedical Imaging Center Peking University China

ISBN: (数字)9798331520526

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520533

Hypertension and diabetes are known to potentially cause morphological changes in the retinal capillary system, yet quantifying these changes presents significant challenges. This research addresses this issue by designing and developing an automated system capable of analyzing retinal images to detect and measure these changes. Our system automatically segments vessels and the optic disc, calculates tortuosity and bifurcation angles, and performs disease prediction based on these measurements along with clinical features. For tortuosity calculation, we adopted a novel curve fitting method, which provides more stable convergence compared to traditional discrete numerical methods. The system integrates clinical data and conducts prediction experiments on hypertensive and diabetic patients with varying sample sizes. Our results demonstrate the system's strong performance and scalability: in the hypertension group, the AUC reached a maximum of 0.814 ± 0.023, with an ACC of 0.735 ± 0.033, while in the diabetes group, the AUC reached a maximum of 0.710 ± 0.043, with an ACC of 0.641 ± 0.052. These findings suggest that our automated system could serve as a valuable tool for early detection and risk assessment of hypertension and diabetes, potentially improving patient outcomes through timely intervention.

关键词： Hypertension Image segmentation Scalability Bifurcation Optical variables measurement Optical imaging Retinal vessels Diabetes Risk management Diseases

The Role of Blockchain Technology in Supply chain Management for data Security 3

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The Role of Blockchain Technology in Supply chain Management...

3rd IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Distributed Systems Security, ICBDS 2024

作者： Birari, Dipika R. Rathod, Vijay U. Dandavate, Aarti Shelke, Nilesh Kumar, Ranjit Kulkarni, Masira M. S Army Institute of Technology Department of Information Technology Pune India G H Raisoni College of Engineering and Management Department of Artificial Intelligent and Machine Learning Wagholi Pune India Dhole Patil College of Engineering Department of Computer Engineering Pune India Symbiosis International Deemed University Symbiosis Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Nagpur Campus Pune India Ajeenkya D Y Patil University Department of Computer Engineering Pune India G H Raisoni College of Engineering and Management Department of Cyber Security and Data Science Wagholi Pune India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350354348

In a traditional supply chain system, the process of producing raw materials so that a product may be delivered to a customer is a manual operation with insufficient data and transaction security. The entire process is time consuming and requires a lot of effort. The undivided process is generally ineffective and unreliable for consumers. The data security, authenticity, the inclusion of will significantly improve the time management and transaction procedures of conventional supply chain management systems. data is shielded from illegal access via the ground-breaking, decentralized technology known as blockchain. After smart contracts are put into place, the complete supply chain management (SCM) will be satisfied with the customer. When the mediator is contracted, which is possible in various ways, the plan becomes more reliable. This article places particular emphasis on lowering third party involvement in the supply chain system and enhancing data security. Conventional supply chain management techniques have several serious shortcomings. Some of them include a lack of traceability, difficulties maintaining product safety and quality, a failure to track and manage inventories in stores and warehouses, escalating supply chain costs, and so on. The reduction of third-party involvement in the supply chain system and the improvement of data security are the main goals of this article. This enhances process accessibility, effectiveness, and timeliness overall. They will feel safer throughout the payment procedure, which is the main benefit. Yet in this investigation, a smart contract and a peer-to-peer encrypted system were both used. There are a few additional features as well. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Smart contract

EXPRESSIVITY AND SPEECH SYNTHESIS

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Triantafyllopoulos, Andreas Schuller, Björn W. Technical University of Munich MRI Munich Germany GLAM – Group on Language Audio & Music Imperial College London United Kingdom MCML – Munich Center for Machine Learning Munich Germany MDSI – Munich Data Science Institute Munich Germany

Imbuing machines with the ability to talk has been a longtime pursuit of artificial intelligence (AI) research. From the very beginning, the community has not only aimed to synthesise high-fidelity speech that accurately conveys the semantic meaning of an utterance, but also to colour it with inflections that cover the same range of affective expressions that humans are capable of. After many years of research, it appears that we are on the cusp of achieving this when it comes to single, isolated utterances. This unveils an abundance of potential avenues to explore when it comes to combining these single utterances with the aim of synthesising more complex, longer-term behaviours. In the present chapter, we outline the methodological advances that brought us so far and sketch out the ongoing efforts to reach that coveted next level of artificial expressivity. We also discuss the societal implications coupled with rapidly advancing expressive speech synthesis (ESS) technology and highlight ways to mitigate those risks and ensure the alignment of ESS capabilities with ethical norms. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Speech synthesis