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Change-Point Analysis of Survival Data with Application in Clinical Trials

Open Journal of Statistics 2014年第9期4卷 663-677页

作者： Xuan Chen Michael Baron Department of Biostatistics and Programming Sanofi Beijing China Department of Mathematics and Statistics American University Washington DC USA Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Texas at Dallas Richardson USA

Effects of many medical procedures appear after a time lag, when a significant change occurs in subjects’ failure rate. This paper focuses on the detection and estimation of such changes which is important for the evaluation and comparison of treatments and prediction of their effects. Unlike the classical change-point model, measurements may still be identically distributed, and the change point is a parameter of their common survival function. Some of the classical change-point detection techniques can still be used but the results are different. Contrary to the classical model, the maximum likelihood estimator of a change point appears consistent, even in presence of nuisance parameters. However, a more efficient procedure can be derived from Kaplan-Meier estimation of the survival function followed by the least-squares estimation of the change point. Strong consistency of these estimation schemes is proved. The finite-sample properties are examined by a Monte Carlo study. Proposed methods are applied to a recent clinical trial of the treatment program for strong drug dependence.

关键词： Change-Point Problem Failure Rate Kaplan-Meier Estimation Least Squares Estimation Maximum Likelihood Estimation Strong Consistency Survival Function

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Blending type spline constructions: A brief overview

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2015年第1期1690卷

作者： Aleksander Pedersen Børre Bang 1R&D group in mathematical and geometrical modeling numerical simulations programming and visualization PO Box 385 8505 Narvik Norway http://www.hin.no Narvik University College

In this paper we are presenting a brief overview of research on blending splines from 2004-2015. We discuss some of the properties which can be interesting to investigate when blending splines are used both for finite element analysis and geometry. Blending splines are constructions where local geometry is blended together by a blending function to create global geometry. The different basis functions has different properties, which can be related to different application areas. Example application areas where blending splines are utilized is listed, together with a focus on the basis and future work towards utilizing parts of blending splines in an isogeometric analysis(IGA) context.

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Multi-objective optimization of traffic externalities using tolls

Multi-objective optimization of traffic externalities using ...

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Congress on Evolutionary Computation

作者： Anthony E. Ohazulike Ties Brands Centre for Transport Studies (CTS) Discrete Mathematics and Mathematical Programming (DMMP) University of Twente Netherlands Centre for Transport Studies (CTS) University of Twente Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781479904532

Genetic algorithms (GAs) are widely accepted by researchers as a method of solving multi-objective optimization problems (MOPs), at least for listing a high quality approximation of the Pareto front of a MOP. In traffic management, it has been long established that tolls can be used to optimally distribute traffic in a network with aim of combating some traffic externalities such as congestion, emission, noise, safety issues. Formulating the multi-objective toll problem as a one point solution problem fails to give the general overview of the objective space of the MOP. Therefore, in this paper we develop a game theoretic approach that gives the general overview of the objective space of the multiobjective problem and compare the results with those of the wellknown genetic algorithm non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II). Results show that the game theoretic approach presents a promising tool for solving multi-objective problems, since it produces similar non-dominated solutions as NSGA-II, indicating that competing objectives (or stakeholders in the game setting) can still produce Pareto optimal solutions. Most fascinating is that a range of non-dominated solutions is generated during the game, and almost all generated solutions are in the neighborhood of the Pareto set. This indicates that good solutions are generated very fast during the game.

关键词： Games Roads Genetic algorithms Vectors Optimization Pricing Game theory

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High-throughput screening of cell-surface topographic interactions

High-throughput screening of cell-surface topographic intera...

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14th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences 2010, MicroTAS 2010

作者： Unadkat, Hemant V. Hulsman, Marc Cornelissen, Kamiel Papenburg, Bernke Truckenmüller, Roman K. Post, Gerhard F. Uetz, Marc Reinders, Marcel J.T. Stamatialis, Dimitrios Van Blitterswijk, Clemens De Boer, Jan MIRA Research Institute Department of Tissue Regeneration University of Twente Postbus 217 7500 AE Enschede Netherlands Discrete Mathematics and Mathematical Programming University of Twente Postbus 217 7500 AE Enschede Netherlands Membrane Science and Technology Group University of Twente Postbus 217 7500 AE Enschede Netherlands Delft Bioinformatics Lab. Delft University of Technology Mekelweg 4 Delft Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781618390622

High throughput biomaterials screening largely remains unexplored. The present study was an attempt to explore the area of high throughput as well as high content screening of cell surface topographic interaction. An array of surface topographies called TopoChip was fabricated using a widely used polymer in tissue engineering, Poly (DL-lactic acid). The topographies were subsequently screened for their mitogenic effect on cells. We were able to detect topographic parameters responsible for mitogenic effect of surface topographies.

关键词： Cytology

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Parallel Monte Carlo study on caffeine-DNA interaction in aqueous solution

Parallel Monte Carlo study on caffeine-DNA interaction in aq...

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International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： M.D. Kalugin A.V. Teplukhin Institute of System Programming Russian Academy of Science Moscow Russia Institute of Mathematical Problems in Biology Russian Academy of Science Pushchino Russia

Monte Carlo simulation of the caffeine-DNA interaction in aqueous solution at room temperature was carried out using parallel calculations on supercomputer. Very large simulation boxes were used containing superhelical B-DNA fragment surrounded by caffeine and water molecules. The most probable binding sites of caffeine molecules on the DNA surface as well as structural features of the respective caffeine-DNA complexes were revealed for several solutions' concentrations.

关键词： Monte Carlo methods DNA Computer simulation Computational modeling Aggregates Drugs Geometry Sampling methods Temperature mathematical programming

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Many-valued hybrid logic

Many-valued hybrid logic

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7th Conference on Advances in Modal Logic, AiML-2008

作者： Hansen, Jens Bolander, Thomas Braüner, Torben Programming Logic and Intelligent Systems Research Group Science Studies Research Group Roskilde University P.O. Box 260 DK-4000 Roskilde Denmark Informatics and Mathematical Modelling Building 322 Technical University of Denmark Richard Petersens Plads DK-2800 Lyngby Denmark

ISBN: (纸本)1904987206

In this paper we define a many-valued semantics for hybrid logic and we give a sound and complete tableau system which is proof-theoretically well-behaved, in particular, it gives rise to a decision procedure for the logic. This shows that many-valued hybrid logics is a natural enterprise and opens up the way for future applications. © 2008, the author(s).

关键词： Many valued logics

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Hilbert's nullstellensatz and an algorithm for proving combinatorial infeasibility

Hilbert's nullstellensatz and an algorithm for proving combi...

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21st Annual Meeting of the International Symposium on Symbolic Computation, ISSAC 2008

作者： De Loera, Jesús A. Lee, Jon Malkin, Peter N. Margulies, Susan Dept. of Mathematics Univ. of California Davis Davis CA United States Mathematical Programming IBM T.J. Watson Res. Cntr. Yorktown Heights NY United States Dept. of Computer Science Univ. of California Davis Davis CA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781595939043

Systems of polynomial equations over an algebraically-closed field K can be used to concisely model many combinatorial problems. In this way, a combinatorial problem is feasible (e.g., a graph is 3-colorable, hamiltonian, etc.) if and only if a related system of polynomial equations has a solution over K. In this paper, we investigate an algorithm aimed at proving combinatorial infeasibility based on the observed low degree of Hilbert's Nullstellensatz certificates for polynomial systems arising in combinatorics and on large-scale linear-algebra computations over K. We report on experiments based on the problem of proving the non-3-colorability of graphs. We successfully solved graph problem instances having thousands of nodes and tens of thousands of edges.

关键词： Linear algebra

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Biological LC/MS preprocessing and analysis with jABC, jETI and xcms

Biological LC/MS preprocessing and analysis with jABC, jETI ...

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2nd International Symposium on Leveraging Applications of Formal Methods, Verification and Validation, ISoLA 2006

作者： Kubczak, Christian Margaria, Tiziana Fritsch, Arno Steffen, Bernhard Department of Software Engineering University of Dortmund Germany Department of Service and Software Engineering University of Potsdam Germany Department of Mathematical Statistics and Biometric Applications University of Dortmund Germany Department of Programming Systems University of Dortmund Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0769530710

LC/MS is a successful analysis technique for the statistical analysis used in several branches of biology. It requires an intense screening and combination of the raw data, which is usually done with programs and libraries invoked by scripts in the domain-specific statistics language S or R. We show here how to model and implement this complex workflow in a service-oriented fashion, using the jABC service definition environment and jETI for remote service integration and execution. © 2007 IEEE.

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CONTROL SYSTEM DESIGN CONSIDERING A TRADEOFF BETWEEN EVALUATED UNCERTAINTY RANGES AND CONTROL PERFORMANCE

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Asian Journal of Control 2008年第1期1卷

作者： Y. Wakasa Y. Yamamoto Dept. of Applied Analysis and Complex Dynamical Systems Graduate School of Informatics Kyoto University Kyoto Japan. Yuji Wakasa was born in Okayama Japan in 1968. He received the B.S. and M.S. degrees in engineering from Kyoto university Japan in 1992 and 1994 respectively. From 1994 to 1998 he was a Research Associate in the Department of Information Technology Okayama University. Since April 1998 he has been a Research Associate in the Graduate School of Informatics Kyoto University. His current research interests include robust control and control system design via mathematical programming. Yutaka Yamamoto received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in engineering from Kyoto University Kyoto Japan in 1972 and 1974 respectively and the M.S. and Ph.D. degree in mathematics from the University of Florida in 1976 and 1978 respectively. From 1978 to 1987 he was with Department of Applied Mathematics and Physics Kyoto University and from 1987 to 1997 with Department of Applied System Science. Since 1998 he is a professor at the current position. His current research interests include realization and robust control of distributed parameter systems learning control sampled-data systems and digital signal processing. Dr. Yamamoto is a receipient of the Sawaragi memorial paper award (1985) the Outstanding Paper Award of SICE (1987) Best Author Award of SICE (1990) the George Axelby Outstanding Paper Award of IEEE CSS in 1996 Takeda Paper Prize of SICE in 1997. He is a Fellow of IEEE. He was an associate editor of Automatica. He is currently an associate editor of IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control Systems and Control Letters and Mathematics of Control Signals and Systems. He is a member of the IEEE the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers (SICE) and the Institute of Systems Control and Information Engineers.

This paper presents a design method of control systems such that a designer can flexibly take account of tradeoffs between evaluated uncertainty ranges and the level of control performance. The problem is reduced to a BMI problem and approximately solved by LMIs. The convergence of the proposed approximation is proved in a modified sense. A numerical example shows the effectiveness of the proposed method in comparison with the standard robust control.

关键词： Control system design LMI BMI tradeoff curves

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Biological LC/MS Preprocessing and Analysis with jABC, jETI and xcms

Biological LC/MS Preprocessing and Analysis with jABC, jETI ...

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International Symposium on Leveraging Applications of Formal Methods, Verification and Validation ( ISoLA)

作者： Christian Kubczak Tiziana Margaria Arno Fritsch Bernhard Steffen Chair of Software Engineering University of Dortmund Germany Chair of Service and Software Engineering University of Potsdam Germany Chair of Mathematical Statistics and Biometric Applications University of Dortmund Germany Chair of Programming Systems University of Dortmund Germany

关键词： Statistical analysis Biological system modeling Proteins Mice Mass spectroscopy Proteomics Application software Software engineering Performance analysis Biometrics

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