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Qualitative behavior of a highly non-linear Cutaneous Leishmania epidemic model under convex incidence rate with real data

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Mathematical Biosciences and engineering 2024年第2期21卷 2084-2120页

作者： Alqhtani, Manal Saad, Khaled M. Zarin, Rahat Khan, Amir Hamanah, Waleed M. Department of Mathematics College of Sciences and Arts Najran University Najran Saudi Arabia Bangkok10140 Thailand Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Swat Khyber Pakhtunkhawa Pakistan Applied Research Center for Metrology Standards and Testing King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran31261 Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering College of Engineering and Physics King Fahd University for Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia

In the context of this investigation, we introduce an innovative mathematical model designed to elucidate the intricate dynamics underlying the transmission of Anthroponotic Cutaneous Leishmania. This model offers a comprehensive exploration of the qualitative characteristics associated with the transmission process. Employing the next-generation method, we deduce the threshold value R0 for this model. We rigorously explore both local and global stability conditions in the disease-free scenario, contingent upon R0 being less than unity. Furthermore, we elucidate the global stability at the disease-free equilibrium point by leveraging the Castillo-Chavez method. In contrast, at the endemic equilibrium point, we establish conditions for local and global stability, when R0 exceeds unity. To achieve global stability at the endemic equilibrium, we employ a geometric approach, a Lyapunov theory extension, incorporating a secondary additive compound matrix. Additionally, we conduct sensitivity analysis to assess the impact of various parameters on the threshold number. Employing center manifold theory, we delve into bifurcation analysis. Estimation of parameter values is carried out using least squares curve fitting techniques. Finally, we present a comprehensive discussion with graphical representation of key parameters in the concluding section of the paper. © 2024 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.

关键词： Sensitivity analysis

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Shearless effective barriers to chaotic transport induced by even twin islands in nontwist systems

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Physical Review E 2024年第4期110卷 044201页

作者： M. Mugnaine I. L. Caldas J. D. Szezech, Jr. R. L. Viana P. J. Morrison Graduate in Science Program—Physics Department of Mathematics and Statistics Department of Physics Department of Physics and Institute for Fusion Studies

For several decades now it has been known that systems with shearless invariant tori, nontwist Hamiltonian systems, possess barriers to chaotic transport. These barriers are resilient to breakage under perturbation and therefore regions where they occur are natural places to look for barriers to transport. Here we describe a kind of effective barrier that persists after the shearless torus is broken. Because phenomena are generic, for convenience we study the standard nontwist map (SNM), an area-preserving map that violates the twist condition locally in the phase space. The barrier occurs in nontwist systems when twin even period islands are present, which happens for a broad range of parameter values in the SNM. With a phase space composed of regular and irregular orbits, the movement of chaotic trajectories is hampered by the existence of shearless curves, total barriers, and a network of partial barriers formed by the stable and unstable manifolds of the hyperbolic points. Being a degenerate system, the SNM has twin islands and, consequently, twin hyperbolic points. We show that the structures formed by the manifolds intrinsically depend on period parity of the twin islands. For this even scenario the structure that we call a torus free barrier occurs because the manifolds of different hyperbolic points form an intricate chain atop a dipole configuration and the transport of chaotic trajectories through the chain becomes a rare event. This structure impacts the emergence of transport, the escape basin for chaotic trajectories, the transport mechanism, and the chaotic saddle. The case of odd periodic orbits is different: we find for this case the emergence of transport immediately after the breakup of the last invariant curve, and this leads to a scenario of higher transport, with intricate escape basin boundary and a chaotic saddle with nonuniformly distributed points.

关键词： Classical mechanics

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DRL-Based Low Latency Control for Endoscopic Operations

DRL-Based Low Latency Control for Endoscopic Operations

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2024 IEEE-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical and Health Informatics, BHI 2024

作者： Soliman, Abdelrahman Helmy, Hoda Yaacoub, Elias Mabrok, Mohamed Navkar, Nikhil V. Mohamed, Amr Qatar University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Qatar Qatar University Department of Mathematics Statistics and Physics Qatar Hamad Medical Corporation Department of Surgery Qatar

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351552

Minimally invasive surgery has seen significant advancements with the introduction of robotic systems, which are highly desirable due to their ability to enhance treatment scalability and precision. This study aims to develop an effective and intelligent system for controlling and streaming the endoscope camera during endoscopic operations. The proposed system leverages head motion data from the HoloLens inertial measurement unit (IMU) to control the endoscope camera's robotic arm. Additionally, a Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) technique is employed to manage the region of interest adaptively (ROI), thereby mitigating wireless channel impairments in the operating room and improving the surgeon's interaction and quality of experience (QoE). We developed a proof-of-concept by interfacing the HoloLens with the Gazebo simulation environment for robotic arm control. The DRL model demonstrated its efficacy by intelligently reducing the communication delay and enhancing image quality by incorporating machine learning techniques. Specifically, the DRL model reduced delay by 12.56% and increased image quality by 26.6%. Furthermore, a fixed-frame technique resulted in an additional delay reduction of 18%. The successful establishment of the proof-of-concept and the comprehensive analysis of the findings underscore the potential impact of our contribution to advancing intelligent, efficient, and easily controllable endoscopic surgical procedures. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Augmented reality

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Swarming Computational Approach for the Heartbeat Van Der Pol Nonlinear System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第9期72卷 6185-6202页

作者： Muhammad Umar Fazli Amin Soheil Salahshour Thongchai Botmart Wajaree Weera Prem Junswang Zulqurnain Sabir Department of Mathematics and Statistics Hazara UniversityMansehraPakistan Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Bahcesehir UniversityIstanbulTurkey Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceKhon Kaen UniversityKhon Kaen40002Thailand Department of Statistics Faculty of ScienceKhon Kaen UniversityKhon Kaen40002Thailand

The present study is related to design a stochastic framework for the numerical treatment of the Van der Pol heartbeat model(VP-HBM)using the feedforward artificial neural networks(ANNs)under the optimization of particle swarm optimization(PSO)hybridized with the active-set algorithm(ASA),i.e.,*** global search PSO scheme and local refinement of ASA are used as an optimization procedure in this *** error-based merit function is defined using the differential VP-HBM form as well as the initial *** optimization of the merit function is accomplished using the hybrid computing performances of *** designed performance of ANNs-PSO-ASA is implemented for the numerical treatment of the VP-HBM dynamics by fluctuating the pulse shape adjustment terms,external forcing factor and damping coefficient with fixed ventricular contraction *** perform the correctness of the present scheme,the obtained numerical results through the designed ANN-PSO-ASA will be compared with the Adams numerical *** statistical investigations with larger dataset are provided using the“mean absolute deviation”,“Theil’s inequality coefficient”and“variance account for”operators to perform the applicability,reliability,and effectiveness of the designed ANNs-PSO-ASA scheme for solving the VP-HBM.

关键词： Particle swarm optimization van der Pol heartbeat system statistical analysis artificial neural networks active-set algorithm numerical computing

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Counting the Unseen: Estimation of Susceptibility Proportions in Zero-Inflated Models Using a Conditional Likelihood Approach

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American Statistician 2024年第2期78卷 161-170页

作者： Hwang, Wen-Han Chen, Lu-Fang Stoklosa, Jakub Institute of Statistics National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering Minghsin University of Science and Technology Xinfeng Taiwan School of Mathematics and Statistics The University of New South Wales Sydney Australia

Zero-inflated count data models are widely used in various fields such as ecology, epidemiology, and transportation, where count data with a large proportion of zeros is prevalent. Despite their widespread use, their theoretical properties have not been extensively studied. This study aims to investigate the impact of ignoring heterogeneity in event count intensity and susceptibility probability on zero-inflated count data analysis within the zero-inflated Poisson framework. To address this issue, we propose a novel conditional likelihood approach that uses positive count data only to estimate event count intensity parameters and develop a consistent estimator for estimating the average susceptibility probability. Our approach is compared with the maximum likelihood approach, and we demonstrate our findings through a comprehensive simulation study and real data analysis. The results can also be extended to zero-inflated binomial and geometric models with similar conclusions. These findings contribute to the understanding of the theoretical properties of zero-inflated count data models and provide a practical approach to handling heterogeneity in such models. © 2023 American Statistical Association.

关键词： Conditional likelihood Intensity heterogeneity Susceptibility probability Zero-inflated Poisson distribution

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The coupled deep neural networks for coupling of the Stokes and Darcy–Forchheimer problems

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Chinese Physics B 2023年第1期32卷 123-136页

作者：岳靖李剑张文陈掌星 School of Electrical and Control Engineering School of Mathematics and Data ScienceShaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi'an 710021China School of Mathematics and Statistics Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of Calgary2500 University Drive N.W.CalgaryAlberta T2 N 1N4Canada

We present an efficient deep learning method called coupled deep neural networks(CDNNs) for coupling of the Stokes and Darcy–Forchheimer problems. Our method compiles the interface conditions of the coupled problems into the networks properly and can be served as an efficient alternative to the complex coupled problems. To impose energy conservation constraints, the CDNNs utilize simple fully connected layers and a custom loss function to perform the model training process as well as the physical property of the exact solution. The approach can be beneficial for the following reasons: Firstly, we sample randomly and only input spatial coordinates without being restricted by the nature of ***, our method is meshfree, which makes it more efficient than the traditional methods. Finally, the method is parallel and can solve multiple variables independently at the same time. We present the theoretical results to guarantee the convergence of the loss function and the convergence of the neural networks to the exact solution. Some numerical experiments are performed and discussed to demonstrate performance of the proposed method.

关键词： scientific computing machine learning the Stokes equations Darcy–Forchheimer problems Beavers–Joseph–Saffman interface condition

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Generalizing Better Response Paths and Weakly Acyclic Games 63

Generalizing Better Response Paths and Weakly Acyclic Games

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63rd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, CDC 2024

作者： Yongacoglu, Bora Arslan, Gurdal Pavel, Lacra Yuksel, Serdar University of Toronto Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Canada University of Hawaii at Manoa Department of Electrical Engineering United States Queen's University Department of Mathematics and Statistics United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316339

Weakly acyclic games generalize potential games and are fundamental to the study of game theoretic control. In this paper, we present a generalization of weakly acyclic games, and we observe its importance in multi-agent learning when agents employ experimental strategy updates in periods where they fail to best respond. While weak acyclicity is defined in terms of path connectivity properties of a game's better response graph, our generalization is defined using a generalized better response graph. We provide sufficient conditions for this notion of generalized weak acyclicity in both two-player games and n-player games. To demonstrate that our generalization is not trivial, we provide examples of games admitting a pure Nash equilibrium that are not generalized weakly acyclic. The generalization presented in this work is closely related to the recent theory of satisficing paths, and the counterexamples presented here constitute the first negative results in that theory. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Nash equilibrium

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Improved Sparse Coded Features for Automatic Identification and Discrimination of Exudates and Drusen in Retinal Fundus Images

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SN Computer Science 2025年第1期6卷 1-12页

作者： Kumar, Mukesh Rani, Kumi Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Houston-Downtown Houston 77002 TX United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and Technology Delhi-NCR Campus Ghaziabad India

Diabetic Retinopathy is a medical condition in people having diabetes in which damage occurs to the retina and can cause partial or complete vision loss. It is the most common reason for vision loss in the world. Diabetic Retinopathy is characterized by the appearance of retinal lesions such as microaneurysms, exudates, cotton wool spots, and haemorrhages. Age-Related Macular Degeneration (ARMD) is another eye disease which causes gradual loss of vision with age and is characterized by the appearance of drusen. Exudates and Drusen are known as bright lesions as they appear as yellow deposits in the retina. In this paper, we propose an automated method for the classification of bright lesions in retinal fundus images based on improved sparse coded features and Support Vector Machine (SVM). We employ Scale-Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) to extract interesting regions in the image in the form of key points and extract local low-level features in the neighbourhoods of key-points. After that, we use the sparse coding technique to get high-level sparse coded features that are used for classification using SVM. Experimental results reveal that the proposed approach gives an accuracy, sensitivity, a specificity of 92.90%, 89.60%, 95.40% for exudate classification and 93.80%, 89.60%, 95.80% for drusen classification, with a dictionary of 300 atoms on a dataset of 1158 images. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Diabetic retinopathy Drusen Exudates Region of interest Retinal fundus images Sparse coding

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A chattering free consensus controller for multiple Lur'e systems with a non-autonomous leader and directed switching topology

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2023年第4期66卷 1110-1118页

作者： WANG PeiJun YU WenWu WEN GuangHui YU XingHuo HUANG TingWen School of Mathematics and Statistics Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000China Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Robot's Information Fusion and Control Anhui Normal UniversityWuhu 241000China School of Mathematics Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and SecuritySoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing 21111lChina Department of Electrical Engineering Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China Department of Systems Science School of MathematicsSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China School of Engineering RMIT UniversityMelbourne VIC 3001Australia Science Program Texas A&M University at QatarDoha 23874Qatar

Achieving asymptotical cooperative goal for multi-agent systems(MASs)with non-autonomous leaders(i.e.,leaders with nonzero inputs)is a critical but challenging *** approach is to use discontinuous controllers which may cause chattering phenomenon in practical *** to achieve the asymptotical goal via a chattering free cooperative controller remains to be open so *** this paper,an adaptive continuous controller is designed to achieve zero error consensus tracking in multiple Lur’e systems with a non-autonomous leader under directed switching ***,an unknown input observer(UIO)based on relative outputs is given to estimate the relative full *** an adaptive continuous controller is designed by introducing a decay function which remains positive into the term that plays the role of eliminating the impacts of leader’s nonzero ***,by using multiple Lyapunov functions(MLFs)technique,it is proven that zero error consensus tracking can be achieved if the average dwell time(ADT)is greater than a positive ***,theoretical result is verified by performing simulations on Chua’s *** with existing work,the proposed controller can not only achieve asymptotical consensus,but also is chattering free.

关键词： multi-agent system consensus chattering free non-autonomous leader directed switching topology

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Dielectric Properties of Ground Beef for Microwave Sensing and Imaging Phantoms: Measurement Considerations and Effect of Dehydration

Dielectric Properties of Ground Beef for Microwave Sensing a...

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2023 URSI International Symposium on Electromagnetic Theory, EMTS 2023

作者： Besler, Brendon C. Baker, Ryan Shen, Hua Fear, Elise Department of Electrical and Software Engineering University of Calgary Calgary Canada Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Calgary Calgary Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350399288

Ground meat may be used to mimic the dielectric properties of human tissue when validating microwave sensors and algorithms. Accurate measurements of the dielectric properties of ground meat are important for this validation. Based on a pilot study, key considerations for taking reliable measurements of ground beef samples and the effect of hydration on ground beef properties are reported. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Beef

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