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IEEE Southeastcon

作者： Khan Raqib Mahmud Lingxiao Wang Jinyuan Chen Xiyuan Liu Sunzid Hassan Department of Computer Science Louisiana Tech University Ruston USA Department of Electrical Engineering Louisiana Tech University Ruston USA Department of Mathematics and Statistics Louisiana Tech University Ruston USA

ISBN: (数字)9798331504847

ISBN: (纸本)9798331504854

Thermomechanical constitutive modeling is crucial for understanding and designing shape memory polymers (SMPs) for advanced engineering applications. Traditional approaches are often time-consuming and computationally expensive which requires the development of more efficient and accurate methods. In this paper, we propose a Transformer-based deep learning model to predict the thermomechanical behavior of semicrys-talline two-way shape memory polymers (2W-SMPs) under thermomechanical cycles. By leveraging its ability to capture complex, time-dependent patterns, the framework accurately models the intricate relationships between polymer strain, time, temperature, and stress. A comparative analysis with other deep learning models demonstrates that the Transformer excels in accuracy and robustness by capturing intricate dependencies and non-linearities in the data. The test results demonstrate that our proposed Transformer model achieved a root mean squared error (RMSE) of 0.3365, outperforms the traditional deep learning models such as the feedforward neural network (FNN), convolutional neural network (CNN), and long short-term memory (LSTM) models which achieved RMSE values of 6.78, 17.35, and 13.85, respectively. This study highlights the potential of the Transformer model as a powerful tool for predicting material behavior and reducing the time and resources required for constitutive modeling.

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Dynamic nonlinear control strategies for resilient heterogeneous vehicle platooning and handling Byzantine attacks in communication networks

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Heliyon 2025年第2期11卷 e41574页

作者： Alsinai, Ammar Piqueira, José Roberto Castilho Hassan, Waqar Ul Niazi, Azmat Ullah Khan Safder, Farida Department of mathematics CV Raman Global University Odisha India Systems engineering Escola Politécnica da USP São Paulo Brazil Department of Mathematics and Statistics The University of Lahore Sargodha 40100 Pakistan

This paper addresses the challenges of maintaining stability in heterogeneous vehicle platooning under the influence of communication disruptions caused by Byzantine attacks within a leader-follower framework. To enhance resilience, we propose a nonlinear control strategy tailored for a third-order heterogeneous dynamic model, integrating leader-follower interconnections with adaptable control gains. Utilizing a constant time headway spacing policy with gap adjustments, we derive control gains that secure internal platoon stability. A Lyapunov-based stability approach is employed to mitigate the destabilizing effects of Byzantine attacks, ensuring robust performance even in adverse conditions. Numerical simulations validate the controller's effectiveness, showing rapid convergence to stable platoon behavior within 10 seconds and maintaining a tracking error below 10 percent, despite simulated attacks. These results demonstrate the practical feasibility of the proposed controller in ensuring stability and resilience in real-world platooning scenarios where communication integrity is compromised. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Byzantine attacks Constant time headway spacing policy Heterogeneous dynamic model Inter-linkage between cars (leader-follower framework) Lyapunov function approach Nonlinear control method

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Computational investigation on non-Fourier heat transfer in polymeric liquid with multi-nanoscale and microscale structures in Forchheimer porous medium using Galerkin finite element method

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ZAMM Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik 2025年第5期105卷

作者： Nawaz, M. Alharbi, Sayer Obaid Shflot, A.S. Malik, M.Y. Salmi, Abdelatif Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Institute of Space Technology Islamabad Pakistan Mathematics Department College of Science Al-Zulfi Majmaah University Majmaah Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics College of Sciences King Khalid University Abha Saudi Arabia Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz College of Engineering Department of Civil Engineering Al-Kharj Saudi Arabia

Several physical phenomena associated with fluid–solid interaction occur in the presence of granular, micro, nanoscale, and crystal structures. Heat transfer in fluids containing such microbodies cannot be studied using conventional rheological stress–strain relations. Eringen developed the micropolar theory for the rheology of such fluids to investigate related fields and flow behavior. In contrast to the classical law of heat conduction, polymeric liquids display thermal relaxation time and heat conduction. To avoid any discrepancy, a generalized non-Fourier law is used for studying heat transfer. A theoretical approach is used via micropolar and non-Fourier heat flux theories with conservation laws. The Galerkin finite element method is implemented to visualize and record simulations to study the mixed convection heat transfer in fluids exhibiting couple stresses, microinertia, spin gradients, viscosity effects, and wall vorticity behavior. The heat transfer rate in fluids (Formula presented.) has the highest value in comparison with mono and di nanofluids. The shear stress of ternary nanofluids on the surface of the sheet is noted to be the highest relative to mono and hybrid nanofluids. Moreover, wall shear stress for Newtonian fluid is less than that for micropolar fluid. The relaxation time phenomenon in ternary nanofluids is less strong than that in (Formula presented.) -micropolar and (Formula presented.) -micropolar fluids. The mono nanofluid bears the maximum retarding force from the porous medium in comparison with ternary and hybrid nanofluids. Moreover, the porous medium force in the case of Newtonian fluid is weaker than that in the case of micropolar fluid. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Shear bands

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MathReader : Text-to-Speech for Mathematical Documents

MathReader : Text-to-Speech for Mathematical Documents

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Sieun Hyeon Kyudan Jung Nam-Joon Kim Hyun Gon Ryu Jaeyoung Do Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National University Department of Mathematics Chung-Ang University NVIDIA Interdisciplinary Program in Artificial Intelligence Seoul National University

ISBN: (数字)9798350368741

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368758

TTS (Text-to-Speech) document reader from Microsoft, Adobe, Apple, and OpenAI have been serviced worldwide. They provide relatively good TTS results for general plain text, but sometimes skip contents or provide unsatisfactory results for mathematical expressions. This is because most modern academic papers are written in LaTeX, and when LaTeX formulas are compiled, they are rendered as distinctive text forms within the document. However, traditional TTS document readers output only the text as it is recognized, without considering the mathematical meaning of the formulas. To address this issue, we propose MathReader, which effectively integrates OCR, a fine-tuned T5 model, and TTS. MathReader demonstrated a lower Word Error Rate (WER) than existing TTS document readers, such as Microsoft Edge and Adobe Acrobat, when processing documents containing mathematical formulas. MathReader reduced the WER from 0.510 to 0.281 compared to Microsoft Edge, and from 0.617 to 0.281 compared to Adobe Acrobat. This will significantly contribute to alleviating the inconvenience faced by users who want to listen to documents, especially those who are visually impaired. The code is available at https://***/hyeonsieun/MathReader.

关键词： Text recognition Error analysis Pipelines Optical character recognition Graphics processing units Signal processing Real-time systems Mathematical models Text to speech Speech processing

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Adoption of Smart Manufacturing Technologies in Small and Medium Enterprises Using Picture Fuzzy Combinative Distance-Based Assessment Model

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Journal of the Knowledge Economy 2025年 1-41页

作者： Rani, Pratibha Mishra, Arunodaya Raj Alshamrani, Ahmad M. Alrasheedi, Adel Fahad Pamucar, Dragan Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS) Chennai India Department of Mathematics Government College Raigaon Satna India Department of Statistics and Operations Research College of Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Department of Operations Research and Statistics Faculty of Organizational Sciences University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia Department of Applied Mathematical Science College of Science and Technology Korea University Sejong Republic of Korea Department of Mechanics and Mathematics Western Caspian University Baku Azerbaijan

Smart manufacturing is a holistic strategy for product optimization in manufacturing with minimum costs and improved operational efficiency. However, the implementation of smart manufacturing technologies in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) is limited due to a lack of awareness and understanding of their potential benefits. The manuscript aims to propose a hybrid picture fuzzy information (PFI)-based decision support tool and its application in dealing with the smart manufacturing technologies assessment problem for SMEs. The proposed method firstly computes the decision experts’ weights using a picture fuzzy distance measure and rank sum model. In the following, a modified distance measure is introduced for PFI and presents its effectiveness over the existing ones. Next, the individual experts’ views are combined into group decisions using picture fuzzy Sugeno-Weber-weighted geometric (PFSWWG) operators. To this aim, new PFSWWG operators are developed for PFI with their desirable characteristics. Further, a collective weighting procedure is developed by combining the objective weight with the symmetry point of criteria (SPC) model and subjective weight via the picture fuzzy ranking comparison (RANCOM) method. Based on these procedures, we present a hybrid combinative distance-based assessment (CODAS) approach for solving multi-criteria group decision-making (MCGDM) problems with PFI. Moreover, the CODAS model is executed as a case study of smart manufacturing technologies evaluation problems for SMEs, which exemplifies its practicality and feasibility. Sensitivity assessment is accomplished to test the steadiness and reliability of the attained outcomes. Lastly, the comparison is made to validate the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed methodology. The findings show that the presented methodology can offer a practical way to solve smart manufacturing selection problems with uncertain data.

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The origin of vorticity in viscous incompressible flows

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Xiang, Tianrui Eyink, Gregory L. Zaki, Tamer A. Department of Mechanical Engineering Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD21218 United States Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD21218 United States

In inviscid, incompressible flows, the evolution of vorticity is exactly equivalent to that of an infinitesimal material line-element, and hence vorticity can be traced forward or backward in time in a Lagrangian fashion. This elegant and powerful description is not possible in viscous flows due to the action of diffusion. Instead, a stochastic Lagrangian interpretation is required and was recently introduced, where the origin of vorticity at a point is traced back in time as an expectation over the contribution from stochastic trajectories. We herein introduce for the first time an Eulerian, adjoint-based approach to quantify the back-in-time origin of vorticity in viscous, incompressible flows. The adjoint variable encodes the advection, tilting and stretching of the earlier-in-time vorticity that ultimately leads to the target value. Precisely, the adjoint vorticity is the volume-density of the mean Lagrangian deformation of the earlier vorticity. The formulation can also account for the injection of vorticity into the domain at solid boundaries. We demonstrate the mathematical equivalence of the adjoint approach and the stochastic Lagrangian approach. We then provide an example from turbulent channel flow, where we analyze the origin of high-stress events and relate them to Lighthill’s mechanism of stretching of near-wall vorticity. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Forced Symmetric Formation Control

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IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems 2025年

作者： Zelazo, Daniel Tanigawa, Shin-Ichi Schulze, Bernd Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Faculty of Aerospace Engineering Haifa3200003 Israel University of Tokyo Graduate School of Information Science and Technology Japan Lancaster University Department of Mathematics and Statistics United Kingdom

This work considers the distance constrained formation control problem with an additional constraint requiring that the formation exhibits a specified spatial symmetry. We employ recent results from the theory of symmetry-forced rigidity to construct an appropriate potential function that leads to a gradient dynamical system driving the agents to the desired formation. We show that only (1+1/|Γ|)n edges are sufficient to implement the control strategy when there are n agents and the underlying symmetry group is Γ. This number is considerably smaller than what is typically required from classic rigidity-theory based strategies (2n-3 edges). We also provide an augmented control strategy that ensures the agents can converge to a formation with respect to an arbitrary centroid. Numerous numerical examples are provided to illustrate the main results. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Rigidity

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Young Measure Relaxation Gaps for Controllable Systems with Smooth State Constraints

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Augier, Nicolas Korda, Milan Rios-Zertuche, Rodolfo LAAS-CNRS Toulouse France Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University Prague Czech Republic Department of Mathematics and Statistics UiT The Arctic University of Norway Norway

In this article, we tackle the problem of the existence of a gap corresponding to Young measure relaxations for state-constrained optimal control problems. We provide a counterexample proving that a gap may occur in a very regular setting, namely for a smooth controllable system state-constrained to the closed unit ball, provided that the Lagrangian density (i.e., the running cost) is non-convex in the control variables. The example is constructed in the setting of sub-Riemannian geometry with the core ingredient being an unusual admissible curve that exhibits a certain form of resistance to state-constrained approximation. Specifically, this curve cannot be approximated by neighboring admissible curves while obeying the state constraint due to the intricate nature of the dynamics near the boundary of the constraint set. Our example also presents an occupation measure relaxation gap. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Controllability

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Determinants of single-use plastic bottled water consumption among university students: a cross-sectional study

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Journal of Environmental Management 2025年 386卷 125800页

作者： Soubra, Lama Aref, Fatima Pakyari, Reza Al Jabiry, Hayat Environmental Sciences Program Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences College of Arts and Sciences Qatar University Doha2713 Qatar The Office of assistant Undersecretary for Environment Affairs Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Qatar Statistics Program Department of Mathematics and Statistics College of Arts and Sciences Qatar University Doha2713 Qatar

Single-use plastic bottled water (SUPBW) is a major contributor to microplastic pollution. This study aimed to investigate factors influencing university students' consumption of SUPBW. This cross-sectional survey, conducted during the 2023–2024 academic year at the country's largest public university, used a self-administered online questionnaire and convenience sampling. The questionnaire was developed based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) frameworks. It included sections on general information, knowledge of environmental and health impacts, TPB constructs, and consumption behavior. Descriptive and regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with SUPBW (SUPBW) consumption. The study included 438 participants. Factors that were significantly associated with frequent SUPBW consumption included undergraduate enrolment (OR = 2.33, p-value = 0.02);higher household income (OR = 1.64, p-value = 0.02);lack of environmental literacy from courses (OR = 1.87, p-value © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Students

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ARITHMETIC PROPERTIES OF 2α−REGULAR OVERPARTITION PAIRS

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Hemanthkumar, B. Bharadwaj, H.S. Sumanth Department of Mathematics RV College of Engineering RV Vidyanikethan Post Mysuru Road Karnataka Bengaluru560 059 India Department of Mathematics and Statistics M. S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences RTC Campus Peenya Karnataka Bengaluru560 058 India

Recently, several mathematicians have investigated various partition functions with the goal of discovering Ramanujan-type congruences. One such function is B2α (n), which represents the number of 2α−regular overpartition pairs of n. In this context, we establish Ramanujan-type congruences modulo powers of 2 for this function. For instance, we prove that B2α (2α+β+1(n + 1)) ≡ 0 (mod 23β+5) for all n, β ≥ 0, α ∈ *** Codes 05A17, 11P83 (Primary) © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

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