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arXiv 2021年

作者： Wei, Yun Rajaratnam, Bala Hero, Alfred O. Department of Statistical Science Duke University DurhamNC27707 United States Department of Mathematics University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Statistics University of California DavisCA95616 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States

Many applications benefit from theory relevant to the identification of variables having large correlations or partial correlations in high dimension. Recently there has been progress in the ultra-high dimensional setting when the sample size n is fixed and the dimension p tends to infinity. Despite these advances, the correlation screening framework suffers from practical, methodological and theoretical deficiencies. For instance, previous correlation screening theory requires that the population covariance matrix be sparse and block diagonal. This block sparsity assumption is however restrictive in practical applications. As a second example, correlation and partial correlation screening requires the estimation of dependence measures, which can be computationally prohibitive. In this paper, we propose a unifying approach to correlation and partial correlation mining that is not restricted to block diagonal correlation structure, thus yielding a methodology that is suitable for modern applications. By making connections to random geometric graphs, the number of highly correlated or partial correlated variables are shown to have compound Poisson finite-sample characterizations, which hold for both the finite p case and when p tends to infinity. The unifying framework also demonstrates a duality between correlation and partial correlation screening with theoretical and practical *** Codes 62H20, 62E17, 62H15 © 2021, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Covariance matrix

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Generalized Linear Mixed Models by penalized Lasso in modelling the scores of Indonesian students

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021年第1期1869卷

作者： V M Santi K A Notodiputro B Sartono W Rahyu Statistics Study Program Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Negeri Jakarta Jakarta 13220 Indonesia Department of Statistics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences IPB University Bogor 16680 Indonesia

The Generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) is an extension of the generalized linear model by adding random effects to linear predictors to accommodate clustered or over dispersion. Severe computational problems in the GLMM modelling cause its use restricted for only a few predictors. When many predictors are available, the estimators become very unstable. Therefore, the procedure for selecting relevant variables is essential in modelling. The use of penalty techniques for selecting variables in mixed models is still rarely applied. In this article, the penalized Lasso approach proposed to handle these kinds of problems. The proposed methods select variables and estimate coefficients simultaneously in GLMM. Based on the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), and standard error criteria, it was found that glmmLasso has a better performance than GLMM. For the factors affecting Indonesian's student scores, where glmmLasso produces three significant covariates for the GLMM model while GLMM without penalized Lasso has five covariates, which means that the GLMM model is more complicated than glmmLasso. Gender, school quality based on National Examination (UN) scores and the opportunity for students to investigate to test their ideas are essential covariates as factors that influence the rating of Indonesian students.

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Accuracy of a one-dimensional reduction of dynamical systems on networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Kundu, Prosenjit Kori, Hiroshi Masuda, Naoki Department of Mathematics State University of New York BuffaloNY14260-2900 United States Department of Complexity Science and Engineering The University of Tokyo Chiba277-8561 Japan Computational and Data-Enabled Science and Engineering Program State University of New York at Buffalo BuffaloNY14260-5030 United States

Resilience is an ability of a system with which the system can adjust its activity to maintain its functionality when it is perturbed. To study resilience of dynamics on networks, Gao et al. [Nature, 530, 307 (2016)] proposed a theoretical framework to reduce dynamical systems on networks, which are high dimensional in general, to one-dimensional dynamical systems. The accuracy of this one-dimensional reduction relies on several assumption in addition to the assumption that the network has a negligible degree correlation. In the present study, we analyze the accuracy of the one-dimensional reduction assuming networks without degree correlation. We do so mainly through examining the validity of the individual assumptions underlying the method. Across five dynamical system models, we find that the accuracy of the one-dimensional reduction hinges on the spread of the equilibrium value of the state variable across the nodes in most cases. Specifically, the one-dimensional reduction tends to be accurate when the dispersion of the node's state is small. We also find that the correlation between the node's state and the node's degree, which is common for various dynamical systems on networks, is unrelated to the accuracy of the one-dimensional reduction. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Dynamical systems

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High order finite difference methodology for 2D convection-diffusion equation in complex domains

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3094卷

作者： Y. Yu R. M. Barron R. Balachandar Department of Mechanical Automotive & Materials Engineering University of Windsor Windsor ON N9B3P4 Canada Department of Mathematics & Statistics University of Windsor Windsor ON N9B3P4 Canada Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of Windsor Windsor ON N9B3P4 Canada

High order numerical solution of the convection-diffusion equation is investigated within the Cartesian cut-stencil framework. High order is achieved by extending the low order mapping of the physical stencil to a generic uniform computational stencil. This procedure allows implementation of high order finite difference approximations of spatial derivatives in complex domains. The benefits of this formulation are illustrated through several examples.

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Designing Z-score standard growth charts based on height-for-age of toddlers using local linear estimator for determining stunting

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3083卷

作者： Nur Chamidah Budi Lestari Trias N. Larasati Lailatul Muniroh Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science and Technology Airlangga University Surabaya 60115 Indonesia. Research Group of Statistical Modeling in Life Sciences Faculty of Science and Technology Airlangga University Surabaya Indonesia. Department of Mathematics Faculty of Math. and Natural Sci. The University of Jember Jember Indonesia. Statistics Study Program Faculty of Science and Technology Airlangga University Surabaya Indonesia. Department of Health Nutrition Faculty of Public Health Airlangga University Surabaya Indonesia.

To determine stunting of toddlers in Indonesia we use Health Card that guided by WHO-2005 standard GC. Unfortunately, the samples used to design WHO-2005 standard growth charts are toddlers from Oman, Norway, USA, India, Ghana, and Brazil which are physically very different from toddlers from Indonesia, especially East Java Province. Therefore, in this study, we design Z-Score standard growth charts based on height-for-age namely 3SD, 2SD, 0SD, -2SD, and -3SD by using samples of toddlers (boys and girls) from East Java Province, Indonesia. The obtained Z-Score standard growth charts will be used for determining stunting of the toddlers in East Java. For designing these charts, we use 59,170 secondary data (30,490 boys and 28,680 girls) collected from the results of measuring height-for-age and gender of toddlers and apply a local linear estimator of nonparametric regression based on the cross-validation criteria. The results show that the coefficient of determination values are 0.9556 (for boy toddlers) and 0.9455 (for girl toddlers), and the mean square error values are 3.700 (for boy toddlers) and 3.556 (for girl toddlers). In addition, the percentage of stunting nutritional status of boy toddlers is higher than that of girl toddlers.

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Assessment of false discovery rate control in tandem mass spectrometry analysis using entrapment

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Nature methods 2025年 2025 Jun 16页

作者： Bo Wen Jack Freestone Michael Riffle Michael J MacCoss William S Noble Uri Keich Department of Genome Sciences University of Washington Seattle WA USA. School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia. Department of Genome Sciences University of Washington Seattle WA USA. william-noble@uw.edu. Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA USA. william-noble@uw.edu. School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia. uri.keich@sydney.edu.au.

A critical challenge in mass spectrometry proteomics is accurately assessing error control, especially given that software tools employ distinct methods for reporting errors. Many tools are closed-source and poorly documented, leading to inconsistent validation strategies. Here we identify three prevalent methods for validating false discovery rate (FDR) control: one invalid, one providing only a lower bound, and one valid but under-powered. The result is that the proteomics community has limited insight into actual FDR control effectiveness, especially for data-independent acquisition (DIA) analyses. We propose a theoretical framework for entrapment experiments, allowing us to rigorously characterize different approaches. Moreover, we introduce a more powerful evaluation method and apply it alongside existing techniques to assess existing tools. We first validate our analysis in the better-understood data-dependent acquisition setup, and then, we analyze DIA data, where we find that no DIA search tool consistently controls the FDR, with particularly poor performance on single-cell datasets.

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Portable spirometer-based pulmonary function test willingness in China:A nationwide cross-sectional study from the"Happy Breathing program"

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第14期137卷 1695-1704页

作者： Weiran Qi Ke Huang Qiushi Chen Lirui Jiao Fengyun Yu Yiwen Yu Hongtao Niu Wei Li Fang Fang Jieping Lei Xu Chu Zilin Li Pascal Geldsetzer Till Bärnighausen Simiao Chen Ting Yang Chen Wang Department of Health Economics and Health Policy School of Population Medicine and Public HealthChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine National Center for Respiratory MedicineState Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and MultimorbidityNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesInstitute of Respiratory MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesCenter of Respiratory MedicineChina-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029China The Harold and Inge Marcus Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Health Policy and Management Gillings School of Global Public HealthUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27516USA Heidelberg Institute of Global Health(HIGH) Faculty of Medicine and University HospitalHeidelberg UniversityHeidelberg 69120Germany Administration Office of Medical Reform and Development China-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029China Data and Project Management Unit Institute of Clinical Medical SciencesChina-Japan Friendship HospitalBeijing 100029China Department of Statistics School of Mathematics and StatisticsNortheast Normal UniversityChangchunJilin 130024China Chan Zuckerberg Biohub Stanford University School of MedicineSan FranciscoCA 94158USA Division of Primary Care and Population Health Department of MedicineStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA 94305USA Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public HealthHarvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA

Background:Understanding willingness to undergo pulmonary function tests(PFTs)and the factors associated with poor uptake of PFTs is crucial for improving early detection and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).This study aimed to understand willingness to undergo PFTs among high-risk populations and identify any barriers that may contribute to low uptake of ***:We collected data from participants in the"Happy Breathing program"in *** who did not follow physicians’recommendations to undergo PFTs were invited to complete a survey regarding their willingness to undergo PFTs and their reasons for not undergoing *** estimated the proportion of participants who were willing to undergo PFTs and examined the various reasons for participants to not undergo *** conducted univariable and multivariable logistic regressions to analyze the impact of individual-level factors on willingness to undergo ***:A total of 8475 participants who had completed the survey on willingness to undergo PFTs were included in this *** of these participants,7660(90.4%)were willing to undergo *** those who were willing to undergo PFTs but actually did not,the main reasons for not doing so were geographical inaccessibility(n=3304,43.1%)and a lack of trust in primary healthcare institutions(n=2809,36.7%).Among the 815 participants who were unwilling to undergo PFTs,over half(n=447,54.8%)believed that they did not have health problems and would only consider PFTs when they felt *** the multivariable regression,individuals who were≤54 years old,residing in rural townships,with a secondary educational level,with medical reimbursement,still working,with occupational exposure to dust,and aware of the abbreviation"COPD"were more willing to undergo ***:Willingness to undergo PFTs was high among high-risk *** may consider implementing strategies such as providing financial incentives,promoting ed

关键词： Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Pulmonary function tests Willingness to undergo pulmonary function tests Population medicine

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HCDG: A Hierarchical Consistency Framework for Domain Generalization on Medical Image Segmentation

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Yang, Yijun Wang, Shujun Zhu, Lei Yu, Lequan Robotics and Autonomous Systems Thrust The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Guangzhou China Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics University of Cambridge United Kingdom Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

Modern deep neural networks struggle to transfer knowledge and generalize across diverse domains when deployed to real-world applications. Currently, domain generalization (DG) is introduced to learn a universal representation from multiple domains to improve the network generalization ability on unseen domains. However, previous DG methods only focus on the data-level consistency scheme without considering the synergistic regularization among different consistency schemes. In this paper, we present a novel Hierarchical Consistency framework for Domain Generalization (HCDG) by integrating Extrinsic Consistency and Intrinsic Consistency synergistically. Particularly, for the Extrinsic Consistency, we leverage the knowledge across multiple source domains to enforce data-level consistency. To better enhance such consistency, we design a novel Amplitude Gaussian-mixing strategy into Fourier-based data augmentation called DomainUp. For the Intrinsic Consistency, we perform task-level consistency for the same instance under the dual-task scenario. We evaluate the proposed HCDG framework on two medical image segmentation tasks, i.e., optic cup/disc segmentation on fundus images and prostate MRI segmentation. Extensive experimental results manifest the effectiveness and versatility of our HCDG framework. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Electronic-offering of fresh fruit bunches oil palm by independent farmer with a blockchain approach

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2025年第1期3223卷

作者： Harison Marimin Sukardi Faqih Udin Yani Nurhadriyani Engineer Professional Education Study Program Universitas Andalas Padang Indonesia - 25000 Department of Agro-industrial Technology Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology IPB University Bogor Indonesia - 16680 Department of Computer Science Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences IPB University Bogor Indonesia – 16680

Indonesia meets the needs of 50% of the world's palm oil needs. Sources of Indonesian palm oil, 34 % are produced by independent smallholders. The lack of governance of independent smallholders leads to low productivity of their crops. Global market demands for palm oil derivative sources become an obligation to compete. The development of blockchain technology that favors traceability and transparency is applied in the supply agriculture sector, and this is an opportunity for how blockchain technology can help the palm oil supply chain become transparent and can find its source. This research uses the system development life cycle (SDLC) method. And business process model and notation in business model design. The results of the design of the FFB sale and purchase transaction system with blockchain technology have succeeded in connecting farmer transactions as FFB providers with traders and PKS as FFB buyers. Every transaction sent by the farmer will be locked by a hash, as immunity makes the data sent immutable. The system can display the traceability of transactions while maintaining the integrity of member information.

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Integrated mathematics enrichment, peer mentoring, tutoring, and freshmen course for student success 126

Integrated mathematics enrichment, peer mentoring, tutoring,...

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126th ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition: Charged Up for the Next 125 Years, ASEE 2019

作者： Karacal, Cem Agustin, Ma Zenia N. Pelekanos, George Southern Illinois University Edwardsville School of Engineering United States College of Arts and Sciences Mathematics and Statistics Department EdwardsvilleIL62026 United States

This Evidence-based practice complete paper describes the experiences with a holistic mathematics Enrichment Sessions, Freshmen Mentoring, mathematics Tutoring and new Freshmen engineering course that are implemented during the last five years at Southern Illinois University Edwardsville as part of our NSF STEP project. The mathematics Enrichment Session (ES) idea, which is a combination of the best aspects of Supplemental Instruction idea and PeerLed Team Learning methods, can be an effective way of supporting students in their first year of studies. The implementation of the peer-mentoring program that was originally envisioned as a residence hall mentoring program has proven to be more challenging than planned and modified based on our student characteristics and demographics. Online and face-to-face mathematics tutoring programs are implemented and their utilization levels are monitored. As part of the project, the freshmen engineering course is revamped and its outcomes are discussed. © American Society for engineering Education, 2019.

关键词： Students

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